Physical Review D最新文献

{"title":"Probing the cosmic ray background of gamma-ray astronomy with hadron colliders","authors":"Clara E. Leitgeb, Robert D. Parsons, Andrew M. Taylor, Kenneth J. Ragan, David Berge, Cigdem Issever","doi":"10.1103/djx4-qs8m","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/djx4-qs8m","url":null,"abstract":"Hadronic cosmic particles (cosmic rays) and gamma rays are constantly absorbed in the Earth’s atmosphere and result in air showers of secondary particles. Cherenkov radiation from these atmospheric events is used to measure cosmic gamma rays with ground-based telescopes. We focus here on the dominant hadronic cosmic-ray-initiated background events in the atmosphere, which give rise to gamma-ray-like air showers for gamma-ray telescopes. It is shown that only a small subset of hadronic cosmic-ray interactions, those which produce a large energy neutral pion, are responsible for this background. We subsequently address how the predictions of this background vary depending on the hadronic interaction model adopted. The pseudorapidity range of the energetic pions, with respect to the shower axis produced in these background events, is shown to be large. We show that collider experiments, specifically LHCf and the Relavistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHICf), probe cosmic ray interactions precisely within this pseudorapidity range. Present and future measurements with these instruments are shown to be able to test the ability for current hadronic interaction models to accurately describe these background events.","PeriodicalId":20167,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review D","volume":"131 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145311281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Constraining neutrino charges at beam experiments","authors":"Jack D. Shergold, Martin Spinrath","doi":"10.1103/rnd5-jfvh","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/rnd5-jfvh","url":null,"abstract":"We propose a new method to constrain neutrino charges at neutrino beam experiments. Uncharged in the Standard Model, evidence for a neutrino electric charge would be a smoking gun for new physics, shedding light on the Dirac or Majorana nature of neutrinos, and giving insight into the origin of charge quantization. We find that using the most sensitive magnetometers available, existing beam experiments could constrain neutrino charges |</a:mo>q</a:mi>ν</a:mi></a:msub>|</a:mo>≲</a:mo>10</a:mn>−</a:mo>13</a:mn></a:mrow></a:msup></a:math>, in units of the electron charge, while future upgrades could strengthen these bounds significantly. We also discuss electromagnetic dipole moments and show that our proposal is highly sensitive to new long-range forces.","PeriodicalId":20167,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review D","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145311416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Scalar fields from nonlinear sigma models on black hole spacetimes","authors":"Ludovico Machet, Llibert Aresté Saló","doi":"10.1103/klxz-fgmt","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/klxz-fgmt","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20167,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review D","volume":"63 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145311429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modified microcausality from perturbation theory","authors":"Giordano Cintia, Federico Piazza, Samuel Ramos","doi":"10.1103/y5cg-1c7g","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/y5cg-1c7g","url":null,"abstract":"Relativistic microcausality is the statement that local field operators commute outside the light cone. This condition is known to break down in low-energy effective theories, such as P</a:mi>(</a:mo>X</a:mi>)</a:mo></a:mrow></a:math> models with a derivative interaction term of the “wrong sign.” Despite their Lorentz-invariant form, these theories can exhibit superluminal propagation on Lorentz-breaking backgrounds. We approach this phenomenon by computing the full operator-valued commutator in position space, perturbatively in interaction picture. After testing this formalism on a <e:math xmlns:e=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><e:mi>λ</e:mi><e:msup><e:mi>ϕ</e:mi><e:mn>4</e:mn></e:msup></e:math> theory, we apply it to a <g:math xmlns:g=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><g:mi>P</g:mi><g:mo stretchy=\"false\">(</g:mo><g:mi>X</g:mi><g:mo stretchy=\"false\">)</g:mo></g:math> model. There, we show that the perturbative corrections to the free-theory commutator contain derivatives of <k:math xmlns:k=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><k:mi>δ</k:mi></k:math> functions with support on the standard Minkowski light cone. While these corrections vanish on Lorentz-invariant states, they become “activated” on states where Lorentz symmetry is spontaneously broken. In this case, they approximate the new “sound cone” by means of a Taylor expansion. By applying linear response theory to an extended source, we show that deviations from standard causality are already present at first order in this expansion. Finally, we try to understand what goes wrong with the standard argument according to which Lorentz invariance implies microcausality.","PeriodicalId":20167,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review D","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145311563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Migdal effect in solid crystals and the role of nonadiabaticity","authors":"Angelo Esposito, Andrea Rocchi","doi":"10.1103/198q-nv94","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/198q-nv94","url":null,"abstract":"We systematically apply the Born-Oppenheimer approximation to show that the Migdal effect in a solid crystal is entirely due to nonadiabatic effects, namely the deviation of the wave function from exact factorization of the electronic and nuclear contributions. The matrix element obtained this way matches exactly the result found by means of a previously derived low energy effective theory.","PeriodicalId":20167,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review D","volume":"132 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145306187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analytic prescription for t -channel singularities","authors":"Kento Asai, Nagisa Hiroshima, Joe Sato, Ryusei Sato, Masaki J. S. Yang","doi":"10.1103/wkq9-52wv","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/wkq9-52wv","url":null,"abstract":"The t</a:mi></a:math>-channel singularity is a divergence in the scattering amplitude which occurs when a stable particle propagating in <c:math xmlns:c=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><c:mi>t</c:mi></c:math>-channel scattering process becomes an on-shell state. Such situations appear either in the system of collider experiments or in the context of the cosmological particle production. No scheme which is generally applicable is known. In this work, we propose a new formulation to identify and remove the source of the divergence. The scheme is fully analytical and various applications can be expected. This work provides a valuable tool in this research field.","PeriodicalId":20167,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review D","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145311424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bias-hardened estimators of patchy screening profiles","authors":"Noah Sailer, Boryana Hadzhiyska, Simone Ferraro","doi":"10.1103/hw1x-n17q","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/hw1x-n17q","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20167,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review D","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145311435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamically induced spin-2 mass in a Weyl-invariant framework","authors":"Ioannis D. Gialamas, Kyriakos Tamvakis","doi":"10.1103/hwht-srsz","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/hwht-srsz","url":null,"abstract":"We combine the ghost-free bimetric theory of gravity with the concept of local Weyl invariance, realized in the framework of Einstein-Cartan gravity. The gravitational sector, characterized by two independent metrics and two independent connections, is coupled to a scalar field that can in principle develop a nonvanishing expectation value through radiative corrections. The spectrum of the model, apart from the massless standard graviton and a pair of axionlike pseudoscalars, associated with the presence of the Holst invariants in the action, includes an additional spin-2 state of a nonvanishing Fierz-Pauli mass proportional to the scalar field vacuum expectation value. We analyze the phenomenology of the model and specify the conditions under which the massive spin-2 state could be a primary dark matter candidate.","PeriodicalId":20167,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review D","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145311439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TeV window to grand unification: The Higgs boson’s light color triplet partner","authors":"Gia Dvali, Otari Sakhelashvili, Anja Wachowitz","doi":"10.1103/5t49-s6c1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/5t49-s6c1","url":null,"abstract":"The color-triplet partner of the Higgs doublet, called a T</a:mi></a:math>-particle, is a universal feature of grand unification. It was shown some time ago that this particle can be accessible for direct production in collider experiments. In this paper, we point out that the <c:math xmlns:c=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><c:mi>T</c:mi></c:math>-particle represents a simultaneous low-energy probe of baryon number violation as well as of the origin of the neutrino mass, linking the mediation of proton decay with oscillations of the neutron into a sterile neutrino. We point out a triple correlation between its collider signatures, proton decay measurements, and the searches for the magnetic resonance disappearance of free neutrons in cold neutron experiments. In this way, the <e:math xmlns:e=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><e:mi>T</e:mi></e:math>-particle can provide a diversity of correlated experimental windows into grand unification.","PeriodicalId":20167,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review D","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145311566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Semileptonic decays of Λc+ in light-front quark model with nonvalence contributions","authors":"Chong-Chung Lih, Chao-Qiang Geng","doi":"10.1103/b224-bcrn","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/b224-bcrn","url":null,"abstract":"We investigate the exclusive semilpetonic decays of Λ</a:mi>c</a:mi>+</a:mo></a:msubsup>→</a:mo>(</a:mo>Λ</a:mi>/</a:mo>n</a:mi>)</a:mo>ℓ</a:mo>+</a:mo></a:msup>ν</a:mi>ℓ</a:mo></a:msub>(</a:mo>ℓ</a:mo>=</a:mo>e</a:mi>,</a:mo>μ</a:mi>)</a:mo></a:math> within the standard model by using the light-front quark model (LFQM). The form factor behaviors are obtained from the effective treatment of nonvalence contributions in addition to the valence ones in the Drell-Yan-West frame due to the Bethe-Salpeter formalism. Based on these form factors, we find that the decay branching ratios of <j:math xmlns:j=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><j:msubsup><j:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">Λ</j:mi><j:mi>c</j:mi><j:mo>+</j:mo></j:msubsup><j:mo stretchy=\"false\">→</j:mo><j:mo stretchy=\"false\">(</j:mo><j:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">Λ</j:mi><j:msup><j:mi>e</j:mi><j:mo>+</j:mo></j:msup><j:msub><j:mi>ν</j:mi><j:mi>e</j:mi></j:msub><j:mo>,</j:mo><j:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">Λ</j:mi><j:msup><j:mi>μ</j:mi><j:mo>+</j:mo></j:msup><j:msub><j:mi>ν</j:mi><j:mi>e</j:mi></j:msub><j:mo>,</j:mo><j:mi>n</j:mi><j:msup><j:mi>e</j:mi><j:mo>+</j:mo></j:msup><j:msub><j:mi>ν</j:mi><j:mi>e</j:mi></j:msub><j:mo>,</j:mo><j:mi>n</j:mi><j:msup><j:mi>μ</j:mi><j:mo>+</j:mo></j:msup><j:msub><j:mi>ν</j:mi><j:mi>e</j:mi></j:msub><j:mo stretchy=\"false\">)</j:mo></j:math> are about <r:math xmlns:r=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><r:mo stretchy=\"false\">(</r:mo><r:mn>3.39</r:mn><r:mo>,</r:mo><r:mn>3.21</r:mn><r:mo>,</r:mo><r:mn>0.36</r:mn><r:mo>,</r:mo><r:mn>0.35</r:mn><r:mo stretchy=\"false\">)</r:mo><r:mo>%</r:mo></r:math> with the nonvalence contributions, which are consistent with the recent experimental measurements at BESIII. Furthermore, we use the experimental data to fit the <v:math xmlns:v=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><v:mi>β</v:mi></v:math> parameters in the baryonic distribution amplitudes under the LFQM, resulting in (<x:math xmlns:x=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><x:msub><x:mi>β</x:mi><x:msub><x:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">Λ</x:mi><x:mi>c</x:mi></x:msub></x:msub><x:mo>,</x:mo><x:msub><x:mi>β</x:mi><x:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">Λ</x:mi></x:msub><x:mo>,</x:mo><x:msub><x:mi>β</x:mi><x:mi>n</x:mi></x:msub><x:mo stretchy=\"false\">)</x:mo><x:mo>=</x:mo><x:mo stretchy=\"false\">(</x:mo><x:mn>0.58</x:mn><x:mo>±</x:mo><x:mn>0.08</x:mn><x:mo>,</x:mo><x:mn>0.52</x:mn><x:mo>±</x:mo><x:mn>0.08</x:mn><x:mo>,</x:mo><x:mn>0.44</x:mn><x:mo>±</x:mo><x:mn>0.04</x:mn><x:mo stretchy=\"false\">)</x:mo></x:math>.","PeriodicalId":20167,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review D","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145311275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}