Physics Letters B最新文献

{"title":"Dark-to-black super accretion as a mechanism for early supermassive black hole growth","authors":"Nicolas Sanchis-Gual ,&nbsp;Juan Barranco ,&nbsp;Juan Carlos Degollado ,&nbsp;Darío Núñez","doi":"10.1016/j.physletb.2026.140251","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physletb.2026.140251","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The discovery of supermassive black holes with masses  ≳ 10⁹<em>M</em>_⊙ at redshifts <em>z</em> ≳ 10 challenges conventional formation scenarios based on baryonic accretion and mergers within the first few hundred million years. We propose an alternative channel in which ultralight scalar dark matter undergoes <em>dark-to-black</em> conversion via quasi-bound state depletion around black hole seeds. We estimate the accretion rate of the scalar field as a function of the boson mass parameter <em>μ</em> and the black hole mass <em>M</em>_BH, and integrate this rate over cosmological timescales. Our results show that once a critical value of <em>μM</em>_BH is reached, scalar field accretion becomes highly efficient, enabling substantial black hole growth even from relatively small initial seed masses. For boson masses <span><math><mrow><mi>μ</mi><mo>∼</mo><msup><mn>10</mn><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>19</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></math></span>–<span><math><mrow><msup><mn>10</mn><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>16</mn></mrow></msup><mspace></mspace><mtext>eV</mtext></mrow></math></span>, black hole seeds of 10²–10⁵<em>M</em>_⊙ can reach 10⁶–10⁸<em>M</em>_⊙ within  ∼ 10⁸ yr. This <em>dark-to-black</em> mechanism provides a natural pathway for the rapid formation of massive black holes in the early universe, offering a potential probe of the microphysical nature of dark matter.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20162,"journal":{"name":"Physics Letters B","volume":"874 ","pages":"Article 140251"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147278318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nuclear cluster structure effect in 16O+16O collisions at the top RHIC energy","authors":"Xin-Li Zhao ,&nbsp;Zi-Wei Lin ,&nbsp;You Zhou ,&nbsp;Chao Zhang ,&nbsp;Guo-Liang Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.physletb.2026.140254","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physletb.2026.140254","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Using the improved string-melting version of a Multi-Phase Transport model, we investigated the impact of nuclear geometry of ¹⁶O on anisotropic flows in O+O collisions at <span><math><mrow><msqrt><msub><mi>s</mi><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mrow><mi>N</mi></mrow><mi>N</mi></mrow></msub></msub></msqrt><mo>=</mo><mn>200</mn></mrow></math></span> GeV. To evaluate the influence of nuclear structure and potential alpha clustering, we implemented four candidate configurations: Woods-Saxon, tetrahedron, square, and Nuclear Lattice Effective Field Theory. Initial-state geometry is quantified via the eccentricity cumulant ratio ε₂{4}/ε₂{2}, which provides a robust and evolution-independent measure sensitive to configuration differences. The model reproduces <em>v</em>₂(<em>p</em>_T) at low <em>p</em>_T and <em>v</em>₃(<em>p</em>_T) across the full <em>p</em>_T range, with integrated <em>v</em>₂{2} and <em>v</em>₃{2} matching the STAR data, demonstrating that transport dynamics captures the essential collectivity in this intermediate-size system. These findings establish a baseline for extending nuclear-structure studies in O+O collisions to other energies and differential observables within a unified transport model framework.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20162,"journal":{"name":"Physics Letters B","volume":"874 ","pages":"Article 140254"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146134630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sigma model renormalisation group flows, singularities and some remarks on cosmology","authors":"Georgios Papadopoulos","doi":"10.1016/j.physletb.2026.140255","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physletb.2026.140255","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We investigate the properties of the renormalisation group (RG) flow of two-dimensional sigma models with a generic metric coupling by utilising known results for the Ricci flow. We point out that on many occasions the RG flow develops singularities, due to strong coupling behaviour, before it reaches a UV or an IR fixed point. We illustrate our analysis with several examples. We give particular emphasis to type I singularities, where the length of the curvature of the sigma model target space grows at most as <span><math><msup><mrow><mo>|</mo><mi>t</mi><mo>−</mo><mi>T</mi><mo>|</mo></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup></math></span> as the flow parameter <em>t</em> approaches the singularity at <em>T</em>. For these, the geometry near the singularity is described in terms of a shrinking Ricci soliton that exhibits a cosmological constant even though the original RG flow does not.</div><div>Assuming that the spacetime satisfies an RG flow equation, we use the Ricci solitons to introduce a cosmological constant in a string theory setting. This can allow for different cosmological constants at different regions of spacetime. In particular, we point out how the de-Sitter space is a solution of the theory. We also raise the question on whether the techniques used to prove the geometrisation conjecture can be applied to prove the homogeneity and isotropy of the universe at large scales.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20162,"journal":{"name":"Physics Letters B","volume":"874 ","pages":"Article 140255"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146134631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bosonic spin-1 SOPHY","authors":"Armando De la C. Rangel-Pantoja ,&nbsp;I. Díaz-Saldaña ,&nbsp;Carlos A. Vaquera-Araujo","doi":"10.1016/j.physletb.2026.140234","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physletb.2026.140234","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work we study the canonical quantization of a second-order pseudo-Hermitian field theory for massive spin-1 bosons transforming under the (1, 0)⊕(0, 1) representation of the restricted Lorentz Group and satisfying the Klein-Gordon equation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20162,"journal":{"name":"Physics Letters B","volume":"874 ","pages":"Article 140234"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146089310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Berry phase in axion physics, SM global structure, and generalized symmetries","authors":"Qing-Hong Cao ,&nbsp;Shuailiang Ge ,&nbsp;Yandong Liu ,&nbsp;Jun-Chen Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.physletb.2026.140218","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physletb.2026.140218","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We investigate the Berry phase arising from axion-photon and axion-fermion interactions. The effective Hamiltonians in both systems share the same form, enabling a unified description of the Berry phase and providing a novel perspective on axion experiments. We conceptually propose a new photon-ring experiment for axion detection. Furthermore, we demonstrate that measuring the axion-induced Berry phase offers a unique method for probing the global structure of the Standard Model gauge group and axion-related generalized symmetries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20162,"journal":{"name":"Physics Letters B","volume":"874 ","pages":"Article 140218"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146110476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measurement of 3,4He(K−,π0)Λ3,4H reaction cross section and evaluation of hypertriton Λ binding energy","authors":"T. Akaishi ,&nbsp;H. Asano ,&nbsp;X. Chen ,&nbsp;A. Clozza ,&nbsp;C. Curceanu ,&nbsp;R. Del Grande ,&nbsp;C.D. Han ,&nbsp;T. Hashimoto ,&nbsp;M. Iliescu ,&nbsp;K. Inoue ,&nbsp;S. Ishimoto ,&nbsp;K. Itahashi ,&nbsp;M. Iwasaki ,&nbsp;Y. Ma ,&nbsp;R. Murayama ,&nbsp;H. Noumi ,&nbsp;H. Ohnishi ,&nbsp;S. Okada ,&nbsp;H. Outa ,&nbsp;K. Piscicchia ,&nbsp;H. Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.physletb.2026.140163","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physletb.2026.140163","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Light <em>s</em>-shell hypernuclei (<span><math><mrow><msubsup><mrow></mrow><mstyle><mi>Λ</mi></mstyle><mrow><mn>3</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>4</mn></mrow></msubsup><mtext>H</mtext></mrow></math></span>) and their ground-state properties are crucial benchmarks in hypernuclear physics. In particular, comparing the production cross sections of <span><math><mrow><msubsup><mrow></mrow><mstyle><mi>Λ</mi></mstyle><mn>3</mn></msubsup><mtext>H</mtext></mrow></math></span> and <span><math><mrow><msubsup><mrow></mrow><mstyle><mi>Λ</mi></mstyle><mn>4</mn></msubsup><mtext>H</mtext></mrow></math></span> provides insights into the Λ<em>N</em> interaction in different isospin configurations, which can help address recent discrepancies in the reported Λ binding energy of hypertriton. We present the first measurement of the production cross sections for <span><math><mrow><msubsup><mrow></mrow><mstyle><mi>Λ</mi></mstyle><mn>3</mn></msubsup><mtext>H</mtext></mrow></math></span> and <span><math><mrow><msubsup><mrow></mrow><mstyle><mi>Λ</mi></mstyle><mn>4</mn></msubsup><mtext>H</mtext></mrow></math></span> using the in-flight <span><math><mrow><mo>(</mo><msup><mi>K</mi><mo>−</mo></msup><mo>,</mo><msup><mi>π</mi><mn>0</mn></msup><mo>)</mo></mrow></math></span> reaction at a beam momentum of 1.0 GeV/<em>c</em> with an identical experimental setup. The production cross sections in the laboratory frame, for the angular range from 0^∘ to 20^∘, are measured to be <span><math><mrow><mn>15.0</mn><mspace></mspace><mo>±</mo><mspace></mspace><mn>2.6</mn><mspace></mspace><mrow><mo>(</mo><mtext>stat.</mtext><mo>)</mo></mrow><msubsup><mspace></mspace><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>2.8</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo><mn>2.4</mn></mrow></msubsup><mspace></mspace><mrow><mo>(</mo><mtext>syst.</mtext><mo>)</mo></mrow><mspace></mspace><mi>μ</mi><mtext>b</mtext></mrow></math></span> and <span><math><mrow><mn>49.9</mn><mspace></mspace><mo>±</mo><mspace></mspace><mn>2.1</mn><mspace></mspace><mrow><mo>(</mo><mtext>stat.</mtext><mo>)</mo></mrow><msubsup><mspace></mspace><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>8.0</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo><mn>7.8</mn></mrow></msubsup><mspace></mspace><mrow><mo>(</mo><mtext>syst.</mtext><mo>)</mo></mrow><mspace></mspace><mi>μ</mi><mtext>b</mtext></mrow></math></span> for the ground-state of <span><math><mrow><msubsup><mrow></mrow><mstyle><mi>Λ</mi></mstyle><mn>3</mn></msubsup><mtext>H</mtext></mrow></math></span> and <span><math><mrow><msubsup><mrow></mrow><mstyle><mi>Λ</mi></mstyle><mn>4</mn></msubsup><mtext>H</mtext></mrow></math></span>, respectively. Using the ratio of these cross sections and comparing it with theoretical calculations, we evaluate the Λ binding energy of hypertriton, yielding a value consistent with the picture of a loosely bound system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20162,"journal":{"name":"Physics Letters B","volume":"873 ","pages":"Article 140163"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145956693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Testing distinguishability and determinism in atoms","authors":"Mark G. Raizen","doi":"10.1016/j.physletb.2026.140209","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physletb.2026.140209","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We propose and analyze experiments to test distinguishability and determinism in atoms. As a first step, we consider experiments to test if atoms are distinguishable from each other due to small differences in the nuclear magnetic moment. The idea is to measure the hyperfine splitting for stable isotopes that are confined to ion traps, by accumulating statistics over time with different atoms. The three cases analyzed are strontium-87 with an odd number of neutrons, lutetium-175 with an odd number of protons, and lutetium-176 with an odd number of protons and neutrons. We then consider the possibility of performing the same tests on newly created stable isotopes. We also propose that a time-dependent nuclear magnetic moment may enable deterministic tracking of the life cycle of an isotope, and prediction of age since creation and time until decay of radioisotopes. The case of thulium-170 is considered, it is particularly interesting as a radioisotope with an odd number of protons and neutrons. More generally, we argue that any atomic transition could change in time, either due to the atomic nucleus or to the electron charge distribution. The latter could be tested in a dual atomic clock in a ladder configuration to search for the aging of an electronic transition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20162,"journal":{"name":"Physics Letters B","volume":"873 ","pages":"Article 140209"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146033163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comprehensive search for leptoquarks decaying into top-τ final states at the future LHC","authors":"Debabrata Sahoo ,&nbsp;Rameswar Sahu ,&nbsp;Kirtiman Ghosh","doi":"10.1016/j.physletb.2026.140194","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physletb.2026.140194","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We studied the collider phenomenology of third-generation scalar leptoquarks at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) with a 14 TeV center-of-mass energy. The analysis focuses on leptoquarks decaying exclusively into top quarks and tau leptons, employing machine learning-based tagging techniques for identifying hadronically decaying boosted top quarks, W/Z, and Higgs bosons, as well as a multivariate classifier to distinguish signal events from Standard Model (SM) backgrounds. The expected 95% confidence level (CL) upper limits on the leptoquark production cross-section are computed assuming integrated luminosities of 200 and 500 inverse femtobarns at the 14 TeV LHC. The results demonstrate significant sensitivity improvements for detecting leptoquarks at masses beyond the current experimental limits.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20162,"journal":{"name":"Physics Letters B","volume":"873 ","pages":"Article 140194"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146023723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"No-bomb theorem for weakly magnetized Reissner-Nordström black holes: A linear-order analysis","authors":"Haryanto M. Siahaan","doi":"10.1016/j.physletb.2026.140220","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physletb.2026.140220","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We study the superradiant stability of magnetized Reissner–Nordström black holes against charged, massive scalar perturbations at linear order in the magnetization parameter <em>b</em>. At this order the Klein–Gordon equation is separable and the horizon acquires a magnetically induced angular velocity <span><math><mrow><msub><mstyle><mi>Ω</mi></mstyle><mi>H</mi></msub><mo>=</mo><mn>4</mn><mi>b</mi><mi>Q</mi><mo>/</mo><msub><mi>r</mi><mo>+</mo></msub></mrow></math></span>, enlarging the superradiant band to <span><math><mrow><mi>ω</mi><mo>&lt;</mo><mi>m</mi><msub><mstyle><mi>Ω</mi></mstyle><mi>H</mi></msub><mo>+</mo><mi>q</mi><msub><mstyle><mi>Φ</mi></mstyle><mi>H</mi></msub></mrow></math></span>. Despite this enhancement, a sign analysis of the quartic governing the extrema of the effective potential–validated by numerical scans–shows that no exterior barrier–well forms, including in the eikonal scaling (<em>m</em>, ℓ → ∞ with <span><math><mrow><mi>m</mi><mi>b</mi><mo>=</mo><mi>O</mi><mo>(</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>)</mo></mrow></math></span>). Without a trapping well, quasi-bound superradiant modes do not arise, and the black-hole bomb is therefore absent. We conclude that Hod’s no-bomb theorem remains robust for weakly magnetized, non-rotating black holes at <span><math><mrow><mi>O</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>b</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></math></span>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20162,"journal":{"name":"Physics Letters B","volume":"873 ","pages":"Article 140220"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146071583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A gravitational spin-orbit interaction in Poincaré gauge theory","authors":"Sebastian Bahamonde ,&nbsp;Jorge Gigante Valcarcel","doi":"10.1016/j.physletb.2025.140126","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physletb.2025.140126","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We show a gravitational spin-orbit interaction that can potentially modify the space-time geometry naturally emerges in the framework of Poincaré gauge theory. For this purpose, we derive the field equations of a particular model with cubic order invariants and demonstrate the existence of analytical solutions which display an interaction between the intrinsic and extrinsic angular momentum parameters in the gravitational action, in analogy to the spin-orbit interaction arising from atomic and nuclear systems. Due to the highly nonlinear character of the field equations under stationary and axisymmetric conditions, we focus on a degenerate case which simplifies their complexity, at the cost of constraining the geometry to the Kerr space-time. Thereby, our results indicate more general solutions with a spin-orbit interaction beyond the Kerr space-time are expected to arise in the nondegenerate models of Poincaré gauge theory.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20162,"journal":{"name":"Physics Letters B","volume":"873 ","pages":"Article 140126"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145822882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}