Plant, Soil and Environment最新文献_第9页

Physiological and biochemical responses of Brassica napus L. cultivars exposed to Cd stress 镉胁迫下甘蓝型油菜品种的生理生化反应

IF 2.4 3区农林科学

Plant, Soil and Environment Pub Date : 2022-09-21 DOI: 10.17221/148/2022-pse

Z. Kovalíková, M. Komárková, J. Simek, A. Skarka, J. Tuma

引用次数: 1

Urease inhibitor and biochar independently affected N2O emissions from Camellia oleifera soils 脲酶抑制剂和生物炭对油茶土壤N2O排放的独立影响

IF 2.4 3区农林科学

Plant, Soil and Environment Pub Date : 2022-09-13 DOI: 10.17221/112/2022-pse

Bangliang Deng, Fangfang Shen, Xiao-min Guo, E. Siemann, Ling Zhang

{"title":"Urease inhibitor and biochar independently affected N2O emissions from Camellia oleifera soils","authors":"Bangliang Deng, Fangfang Shen, Xiao-min Guo, E. Siemann, Ling Zhang","doi":"10.17221/112/2022-pse","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17221/112/2022-pse","url":null,"abstract":"Nitrous oxide (N2O) is a long-lived greenhouse gas that impacts climate change. Agricultural soils with intensive nitrogen (N) application are the main source of N2O emissions. Reducing N2O emissions from N-fertilised soils is, therefore, important for climate change mitigation. The application of urease inhibitor and/or biochar provides the potential for mitigating N2O emissions. However, the interactive effect of urease inhibitor and biochar on N2O emissions remains limited. In this study, an incubation experiment was performed to investigate the gradients of urease inhibitor N-(n-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide (NBPT) (0, 0.08, 0.16, and 0.24%) and biochar additions (0, 2.5, and 5%) on N2O emissions from urea-fertilised Camellia oleifera soils. Results showed that urease inhibitor decreased, but biochar increased cumulative N2O emissions. No significant interactive effects were observed between urease inhibitor and biochar on the cumulative N2O emissions, but cumulative N2O emissions were decreased by NBPT under a 2.5% biochar addition rate. Soil N2O emission rates were negatively correlated with net ammonification and N mineralisation rates and positively correlated with net nitrification rates. This study indicates that NBPT, with the characteristic of delaying urea hydrolysis, can be better than biochar in mitigating N2O emissions from urea-fertilised soils of C. oleifera plantations.","PeriodicalId":20155,"journal":{"name":"Plant, Soil and Environment","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46688410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Grapevine leaf ionome is shaped by soil factors and plant age 葡萄藤叶片电离层受土壤因素和植株年龄的影响

IF 2.4 3区农林科学

Plant, Soil and Environment Pub Date : 2022-09-08 DOI: 10.17221/22/2022-pse

M. Likar, B. Stres, D. Rusjan, Katarina Vogel Mikuš, M. Regvar

{"title":"Grapevine leaf ionome is shaped by soil factors and plant age","authors":"M. Likar, B. Stres, D. Rusjan, Katarina Vogel Mikuš, M. Regvar","doi":"10.17221/22/2022-pse","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17221/22/2022-pse","url":null,"abstract":"The concept of terroir relates the sensory attributes of wines attributable to the environmental conditions of the grapevines, and therefore it represents an important descriptor of the connection between wines and their origins. In ongoing efforts to improve the monitoring and geochemical fingerprinting of grapevine products, knowledge of the variability of grapevine elemental compositions, and factors that have strong influences on this, can significantly improve the traceability of wines to their origins. Here, we demonstrate a strong connection of grapevine elemental composition to the micro-location of the individual vineyard, with an important contribution from the biotic soil factors. The differences in measured leaf elements appear to be more closely connected to the grapevine age than to the viticultural practice (biological vs. conventional). Soil microbial communities have a substantial impact on grapevine leaf elements, with differences seen between fungi and bacteria. Bacteria appear to be more closely related to the environment in vineyards than fungi, with changes in their interplay reflected in the elemental composition of the grapevines. Nevertheless, both microbial groups explain 15% to 17% of the variation in the grapevine leaf elements, making the soil fungal and bacterial communities critical factors in the terroir concept.","PeriodicalId":20155,"journal":{"name":"Plant, Soil and Environment","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47367496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of exogenous glycinebetaine on cadmium-induced changes in photosynthetic performance, antioxidative metabolism and ATPase in cucumber seedlings 外源甘氨酸甜菜碱对镉诱导黄瓜幼苗光合性能、抗氧化代谢和ATP酶变化的影响

IF 2.4 3区农林科学

Plant, Soil and Environment Pub Date : 2022-09-02 DOI: 10.17221/141/2022-pse

Hongyan Sun, Xiaoyun Wang, Jia Yu, Yifang Gao, Xianjun Liu, Xiaoxiao Wang, Xiaoli Wu

{"title":"Effects of exogenous glycinebetaine on cadmium-induced changes in photosynthetic performance, antioxidative metabolism and ATPase in cucumber seedlings","authors":"Hongyan Sun, Xiaoyun Wang, Jia Yu, Yifang Gao, Xianjun Liu, Xiaoxiao Wang, Xiaoli Wu","doi":"10.17221/141/2022-pse","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17221/141/2022-pse","url":null,"abstract":"A hydroponic experiment was carried out to study the ameliorative effects of exogenous glycinebetaine (GB) upon cadmium (Cd) toxicity in cucumber seedlings. The results indicated that 50 μmol/L Cd stress decreased soil plant analysis development (SPAD) value, plant height, root length, seedling biomass, activities of ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and ATPase in leaves, stems and roots; however, increased peroxidase (POD) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities in all tissues, catalase (CAT) activities in stems/roots. Moreover, Cd stress also elevated leaf/root malondialdehyde (MDA), proline, phenols and flavonoid content in all cucumber tissues over the control. The supplementation of GB (Cd + GB) prominently alleviated Cd-induced growth inhibition and oxidative stress, increased SPAD value and stem ATPase, and improved photosynthetic performance compared with Cd treatment alone. Furthermore, external GB diminished leaf/root MDA accumulation and decreased leaf/root proline contents as well as phenols and flavonoid contents in all tissues. Meanwhile, exogenous GB counteracted Cd-induced alterations of certain antioxidant enzymes. For example, it brought all tissue POD and SOD activities and stem/root CAT activities down towards the control level and significantly increased APX activities, especially in leaves and stems. These data suggested the principal protective mechanism for the exogenous GB against Cd toxicity in cucumber seedlings is closely related to improved photosynthesis, diminished Cd-induced proline and MDA accumulation, enhanced ATPase as well as modulation of antioxidant enzymes.","PeriodicalId":20155,"journal":{"name":"Plant, Soil and Environment","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46603326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Effect of plant essential oils on the mortality of Ditylenchus dipsaci (Kühn, 1857) nematode under in vitro conditions 植物精油在体外条件下对双囊线虫（Kühn，1857）死亡率的影响

IF 2.4 3区农林科学

Plant, Soil and Environment Pub Date : 2022-09-02 DOI: 10.17221/92/2022-pse

O. Douda, M. Zouhar, M. Maňasová

引用次数: 1

Allelopathic effect of common weeds on germination and seedling growth of rice in wetland paddy fields of Mizoram, India 印度米佐拉姆湿地稻田常见杂草对水稻发芽和幼苗生长的化感作用

IF 2.4 3区农林科学

Plant, Soil and Environment Pub Date : 2022-08-29 DOI: 10.17221/167/2022-pse

Lalbiakdika, H. Lalruatsanga, F. Lalnunmawia

{"title":"Allelopathic effect of common weeds on germination and seedling growth of rice in wetland paddy fields of Mizoram, India","authors":"Lalbiakdika, H. Lalruatsanga, F. Lalnunmawia","doi":"10.17221/167/2022-pse","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17221/167/2022-pse","url":null,"abstract":"Weed invasion of crops contested for environmental resources alongside releasing a certain chemical into the soil and thereby lowering yield potential. The possible allelopathic influence of aqueous extract from leaves and shoots of Alternanthera philoxeroides (Mart.) Griseb., Ludwigia octovalvis (Jacq.) P.H. Raven and Persicaria hydropiper (L.) Delarbe on germination and seedling growth of rice (Oryza sativa L.) was investigated in this study. To prepare the extract, powdered air-dried leaves and shoots of certain weeds were soaked in distilled water (1 : 10) for 24 h at room temperature, and a different dilution was made from the stock. Aqueous extracts from various plant parts were found to suppress seed germination and the development of rice seedlings. As the extract concentration increases, the intensity of inhibition on germination, shoot length, root length and dry matter reduction increases. The average percent inhibition (API) of leaf extract treatments, namely 8% and 10% A. philoxeroides, 8% and 10% L. octovalvis, and 10% P. hydropiper, was found to be greater than 45%. Shoot extracts containing 2% A. philoxeroides, 2% and 4% L. octovalvis, and 2% P. hydropiper have less than 15% average percent inhibition. According to the findings, different weeds contain allelochemicals of variable types and quantities, and different portions of the same weed have distinct effects on germination and rice seedling development.","PeriodicalId":20155,"journal":{"name":"Plant, Soil and Environment","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49617799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Soil enzyme activities after application of fungicide QuadrisR at increasing concentration rates 施用杀菌剂QuadrisR后土壤酶活性随浓度增加速率的变化

IF 2.4 3区农林科学

Plant, Soil and Environment Pub Date : 2022-08-24 DOI: 10.17221/127/2022-pse

S. Boteva, A. Kenarova, Michaella Petkova, S. Georgieva, C. Chanev, G. Radeva

{"title":"Soil enzyme activities after application of fungicide QuadrisR at increasing concentration rates","authors":"S. Boteva, A. Kenarova, Michaella Petkova, S. Georgieva, C. Chanev, G. Radeva","doi":"10.17221/127/2022-pse","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17221/127/2022-pse","url":null,"abstract":"The study aimed to assess the effects of fungicide QuadrisR on activities of soil enzymes contributed to soil nutrient turnover. A batch laboratory experiment with QuadrisR-amended (0 mg/kg ds (dry soil) – 35.00 mg/kg ds) loamy sand soil was conducted, and shifts in soil physical environments and enzyme activities (beta-glucosidase, urease, acid and alkaline phosphatases, arylsulfatase and dehydrogenase) were evaluated on experimental days 1, 30, 60, 90 and 120. The results indicated that QuadrisR changed both soil properties and enzyme activities. The most sensitive environmental parameter to fungicide input was soil pH. The most suscaptable to QuadrisR enzymes were dehydrogenase and arylsulfatase, and the most resistant – urease. The mean overall dehydrogenase activity decreased by 33%, whereas the profile of arylsulfatase activity tended to permanent decrease over time. The general pattern of enzyme responses to QuadrisR was an immediate-early (days 1 – 30) decline of enzyme activities after fungicide application, except that of arylsulfatase. Beta-glucosidase manifested a temporal profile of steady-state stimulation under the lowest (2.90 mg/kg ds) and low sensitivity to the higher (14.65 mg/kg ds and 35.00 mg/kg ds) fungicide concentrations.","PeriodicalId":20155,"journal":{"name":"Plant, Soil and Environment","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42596463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Optimisation of irrigation strategy in sugar beet farming based on yield, quality and water productivity 基于产量、质量和水分生产力的甜菜灌溉策略优化

IF 2.4 3区农林科学

Plant, Soil and Environment Pub Date : 2022-08-24 DOI: 10.17221/234/2022-pse

A. Yetik, B. Candoğan

{"title":"Optimisation of irrigation strategy in sugar beet farming based on yield, quality and water productivity","authors":"A. Yetik, B. Candoğan","doi":"10.17221/234/2022-pse","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17221/234/2022-pse","url":null,"abstract":"Present experiments were conducted to determine the effects of different irrigation levels on yield, yield components and quality of drip-irrigated sugar beet under sub-humid conditions. Field experiments were conducted in the 2019 and 2021 growing seasons in the Bursa province of Turkey. Experiments were carried out in completely randomised blocks design with three replications. Irrigations were scheduled based on the replenishment of 100 (S1), 66 (S2), 33 (S3), and 0% (S4) of soil water depletion within the soil profile of 90 cm using 7-day irrigation intervals. In 2019, root yields varied between 29.32 (S4)–86.31 (S1) t/ha and sugar yields between 6.33–13.57 t/ha. In 2021, root yields varied between 26.18 (S4)–74.56 (S1) t/ha and sugar yields between 6.56–12.53 t/ha. Effects of different irrigation levels on investigated parameters were found to be significant (P < 0.01). The crop water consumption values were significantly related to root and sugar yields (P < 0.01). Based on present findings, S1 treatment was recommended to get the highest root and sugar yields. In case of limited water resources, S2 (33% water shortage) treatment with the highest water productivity and irrigation water productivity values could be recommended to ensure maximum efficiency from the applied irrigation water quantity.","PeriodicalId":20155,"journal":{"name":"Plant, Soil and Environment","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49148229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of plant growth regulators on potato tuber yield and quality 植物生长调节剂对马铃薯块茎产量和品质的影响

IF 2.4 3区农林科学

Plant, Soil and Environment Pub Date : 2022-08-18 DOI: 10.17221/215/2022-pse

M. Kołodziejczyk, Kamil Gwóźdź

{"title":"Effect of plant growth regulators on potato tuber yield and quality","authors":"M. Kołodziejczyk, Kamil Gwóźdź","doi":"10.17221/215/2022-pse","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17221/215/2022-pse","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study conducted in 2019–2021 was to determine the effect of biostimulants and growth regulators on the yield size and structure, as well as the chemical composition of edible potato tubers. The cultivar evaluated was Vineta. Asahi SL, Kelpak SL, Aminoplant, Tytanit, gibberellic acid (GA3) and Moddus 250 EC were applied in potato cultivation. The application of biostimulants Asahi SL and Tytanit increased the total and marketable tuber yield, as well as the average tuber weight. Aminoplant had a beneficial effect only on the marketable yield, while Moddus 250 EC decreased tuber yield and mean tuber weight, especially under conditions of high rainfall. Biostimulant Asahi SL caused a decrease in the number of tubers formed, while gibberellic acid stimulated tuberisation. Both preparations increased the share of deformed tubers in the total yield. The effect of biostimulants and growth regulators on the formation of the chemical composition of potato tubers was multidirectional. Tytanit increased protein content in tubers, while the remaining preparations, with the exception of the growth regulator Moddus 250 EC, decreased the amount of this component. GA3 and Moddus 250 EC decreased the content of crude fibre and, in the case of Moddus 250 EC, also the content of mineral components. The highest concentration of nitrates (V) was characteristic for potato tubers treated with Asahi SL and the lowest for those treated with Moddus 250 EC.","PeriodicalId":20155,"journal":{"name":"Plant, Soil and Environment","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47339740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Comparison of aeroponics technology with a conventional system of production of potato minitubers in the conditions of the Czech Republic 在捷克共和国的条件下，空气栽培技术与传统马铃薯苗生产系统的比较

IF 2.4 3区农林科学

Plant, Soil and Environment Pub Date : 2022-08-05 DOI: 10.17221/164/2022-pse

M. Cizek, Z. Komárková

{"title":"Comparison of aeroponics technology with a conventional system of production of potato minitubers in the conditions of the Czech Republic","authors":"M. Cizek, Z. Komárková","doi":"10.17221/164/2022-pse","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17221/164/2022-pse","url":null,"abstract":"Aeroponics would appear to have a number of potential attributes to make potato production more efficient. In a 3-year experiment, from 2019 to 2021, potatoes were grown in aeroponic units using two nutrient solutions as well as in a conventional polycarbonate greenhouse in a substrate. Potato cultivars Adéla, Zuza and Ornella were used in all experiment years. No statistically significant effect of nutrient solution or potato cultivar on the number and weight of tubers was found in the trial. However, the advantages of aeroponics over conventional technology were statistically proven. The number of tubers per plant in aeroponic units ranged from 2.4 (2019, cv. Adéla) to 41.0 (2021, cv. Zuza), while in the greenhouse, they ranged from 3.9 (2019, cv. Adéla) up to 12.6 (2021, cv. Adéla). The average weight of tubers in aeroponic units ranged between 2.0 g and 9.9 g per plant (2 to 10 successive harvests), and in the greenhouse, 22.7 g to 41.9 g per plant (single harvest). The influence of cultivar on the average weight of tubers within individual cultivation technology variants was statistically proven only for polycarbonate greenhouse: only one harvest after the end vegetation.","PeriodicalId":20155,"journal":{"name":"Plant, Soil and Environment","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41452553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0