Plants最新文献_第5页

Dereplication of New Saponins from Agave bracteosa 龙舌兰新皂甙的去复制

Plants Pub Date : 2024-09-13 DOI: 10.3390/plants13182570

Francesca Guzzo, Alexandra G. Durán, Laura L. Rostoll, Francisco A. Macías, Ana M. Simonet

引用次数: 0

Phenotypic, Physiological, and Gene Expression Analysis for Nitrogen and Phosphorus Use Efficienies in Three Popular Genotypes of Rice (Oryza sativa Indica) 三种常用水稻基因型氮磷利用效率的表型、生理和基因表达分析

Plants Pub Date : 2024-09-13 DOI: 10.3390/plants13182567

Bhumika Madan, Nandula Raghuram

{"title":"Phenotypic, Physiological, and Gene Expression Analysis for Nitrogen and Phosphorus Use Efficienies in Three Popular Genotypes of Rice (Oryza sativa Indica)","authors":"Bhumika Madan, Nandula Raghuram","doi":"10.3390/plants13182567","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13182567","url":null,"abstract":"Crop nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) use efficiencies (NUE/PUE) are important to minimize wastage and nutrient pollution, but no improved crop for both is currently available. We addressed them together in rice, in the view of its high consumption of NPK fertilizers. We analyzed 46 morphophysiological parameters for the N/P response in three popular indica genotypes, namely, BPT 5204, Panvel 1, and CR Dhan 301 at low, medium, and normal N/P doses. They include 18 vegetative, 15 physiological, and 13 reproductive parameters. The segregation of significantly N/P-responsive parameters correlating with NUE/PUE revealed 21 NUE, 22 PUE, and 12 common parameters. Feature selection analyses revealed the common high-ranking parameters including the photosynthetic rate at the reproductive stage, tiller number, root–shoot ratio, culm thickness, and flag leaf width. The venn selection using the reported NUE/PUE-related candidate genes in rice revealed five genes in common for both, namely OsIAA3, OsEXPA10, OsCYP75B4, OsSultr3;4, and OsFER2, which were associated with three of the common traits for NUE/PUE. Their expression studies using qRT-PCR revealed the opposite regulation in contrasting genotypes for OsSultr3;4 and OsEXPA10 in N-response and for OsFER2 in P-response, indicating their role in contrasting N/P use efficiencies. Overall, CR Dhan 301 has the highest NUE and PUE followed by Panvel 1 and BPT5204 among the studied genotypes.","PeriodicalId":20103,"journal":{"name":"Plants","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142221129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Transcriptional Landscape of Berry Skin in Red and White PIWI (“Pilzwiderstandsfähig”) Grapevines Possessing QTLs for Partial Resistance to Downy and Powdery Mildews 具有部分抗霜霉病和白粉病 QTL 的红白 PIWI（"Pilzwiderstandsfähig"）葡萄树浆果表皮的转录景观

Plants Pub Date : 2024-09-13 DOI: 10.3390/plants13182574

Francesco Scariolo, Giovanni Gabelli, Gabriele Magon, Fabio Palumbo, Carlotta Pirrello, Silvia Farinati, Andrea Curioni, Aurélien Devillars, Margherita Lucchin, Gianni Barcaccia, Alessandro Vannozzi

{"title":"The Transcriptional Landscape of Berry Skin in Red and White PIWI (“Pilzwiderstandsfähig”) Grapevines Possessing QTLs for Partial Resistance to Downy and Powdery Mildews","authors":"Francesco Scariolo, Giovanni Gabelli, Gabriele Magon, Fabio Palumbo, Carlotta Pirrello, Silvia Farinati, Andrea Curioni, Aurélien Devillars, Margherita Lucchin, Gianni Barcaccia, Alessandro Vannozzi","doi":"10.3390/plants13182574","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13182574","url":null,"abstract":"PIWI, from the German word Pilzwiderstandsfähig, meaning “fungus-resistant”, refers to grapevine cultivars bred for resistance to fungal pathogens such as Erysiphe necator (the causal agent of powdery mildew) and Plasmopara viticola (the causal agent of downy mildew), two major diseases in viticulture. These varieties are typically developed through traditional breeding, often crossbreeding European Vitis vinifera with American or Asian species that carry natural disease resistance. This study investigates the transcriptional profiles of exocarp tissues in mature berries from four PIWI grapevine varieties compared to their elite parental counterparts using RNA-seq analysis. We performed RNA-seq on four PIWI varieties (two red and two white) and their noble parents to identify differential gene expression patterns. Comprehensive analyses, including Differential Gene Expression (DEGs), Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA), Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA), and tau analysis, revealed distinct gene clusters and individual genes characterizing the transcriptional landscape of PIWI varieties. Differentially expressed genes indicated significant changes in pathways related to organic acid metabolism and membrane transport, potentially contributing to enhanced resilience. WGCNA and k-means clustering highlighted co-expression modules linked to PIWI genotypes and their unique tolerance profiles. Tau analysis identified genes uniquely expressed in specific genotypes, with several already known for their defense roles. These findings offer insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying grapevine resistance and suggest promising avenues for breeding strategies to enhance disease resistance and overall grape quality in viticulture.","PeriodicalId":20103,"journal":{"name":"Plants","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142221136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Temperature Dependence and the Effects of Ultraviolet Radiation on the Ultrastructure and Photosynthetic Activity of Carpospores in Sub-Antarctic Red Alga Iridaea cordata (Turner) Bory 1826 温度依赖性和紫外线辐射对亚南极红藻 Iridaea cordata (Turner) Bory 1826 的孢子超微结构和光合作用的影响

Plants Pub Date : 2024-09-11 DOI: 10.3390/plants13182547

Nelso P. Navarro, Pirjo Huovinen, Jocelyn Jofre, Iván Gómez

{"title":"Temperature Dependence and the Effects of Ultraviolet Radiation on the Ultrastructure and Photosynthetic Activity of Carpospores in Sub-Antarctic Red Alga Iridaea cordata (Turner) Bory 1826","authors":"Nelso P. Navarro, Pirjo Huovinen, Jocelyn Jofre, Iván Gómez","doi":"10.3390/plants13182547","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13182547","url":null,"abstract":"The short-term effects of UV radiation and low temperature on ultrastructure, photosynthetic activity (measured as the maximal photochemical quantum yield of photosystem II: Fv/Fm), chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) contents, and UV-absorbing compounds on the carpospores of Iridaea cordata from a sub-Antarctic population were investigated. Exposure to both photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) and PAR + UV for 4 h caused ultrastructural modifications in all treatments. Under PAR + UV at 2 °C, a disruption of the chloroplast’s internal organization was observed. Plastoglobuli were often found in carpospores exposed to 2 °C. ‘Electron dense particles’, resembling physodes of brown algae, were detected for the first time in cells exposed to PAR and PAR + UV at 8 °C. Fv/Fm decreased following 4 h exposure at 2 °C under PAR + UV (64%) and PAR (25%). At 8 °C, Fv/Fm declined by 21% only under PAR + UV. The photosynthesis of carpospores previously treated with UV partially recovered after a 4 h exposure under dim light. UV-absorbing compounds were degraded in all radiation and temperature treatments without recovery after a 4 h dim light period. Chl-a did not change, whereas total carotenoids increased under PAR at 8 °C The study indicates that although carpospores of I. cordata exhibit photoprotective mechanisms, UV radiation strongly damages their ultrastructure and physiology, which were exacerbated under low temperatures.","PeriodicalId":20103,"journal":{"name":"Plants","volume":"60 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142221140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Diverging Elevational Patterns of Tree vs. Epiphyte Species Density, Beta Diversity, and Biomass in a Tropical Dry Forest 热带干旱森林中树木与附生植物物种密度、β 多样性和生物量的海拔差异模式

Plants Pub Date : 2024-09-11 DOI: 10.3390/plants13182555

Florian A. Werner, Jürgen Homeier

{"title":"Diverging Elevational Patterns of Tree vs. Epiphyte Species Density, Beta Diversity, and Biomass in a Tropical Dry Forest","authors":"Florian A. Werner, Jürgen Homeier","doi":"10.3390/plants13182555","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13182555","url":null,"abstract":"There is evidence to suggest that vascular epiphytes experience low competition for resources (light, water, and nutrients) compared to terrestrial plants. We tested the hypothesis that low resource competition may lead to higher nestedness among vascular epiphyte assemblages compared to trees. We studied the species composition and biomass of epiphytes and trees along an elevation gradient in a tropical dry forest in SW Ecuador. Both life-forms were inventoried on 25 plots of 400 m2 across five elevation levels (550–1250 m). Tree species density and total species richness increased with elevation, whereas basal area and biomass did not show significant trends. Epiphyte species density and richness both increased strongly with elevation, in parallel to biomass. Plot-level compositional changes were similarly strong for both life-forms. We attribute elevational increases in the species richness of trees and epiphytes to increasing humidity, i.e., more mesic growth conditions. We attribute the more pronounced elevational increase in epiphyte biomass, species density, and richness—the latter coupled with a higher degree of nestedness—to the greater moisture dependency of epiphytes and relatively low direct competition for resources. Our study provides a first comparison of elevational trends in epiphyte and tree diversity and biomass for a tropical dry forest.","PeriodicalId":20103,"journal":{"name":"Plants","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142221151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Defense Responses Induced by Viral Movement Protein and Its Nuclear Localization Modulate Virus Cell-to-Cell Transport 病毒运动蛋白诱导的防御反应及其核定位调节病毒的细胞间转运

Plants Pub Date : 2024-09-11 DOI: 10.3390/plants13182550

Anastasia K. Atabekova, Ekaterina A. Lazareva, Alexander A. Lezzhov, Sergei A. Golyshev, Boris I. Skulachev, Sergey Y. Morozov, Andrey G. Solovyev

{"title":"Defense Responses Induced by Viral Movement Protein and Its Nuclear Localization Modulate Virus Cell-to-Cell Transport","authors":"Anastasia K. Atabekova, Ekaterina A. Lazareva, Alexander A. Lezzhov, Sergei A. Golyshev, Boris I. Skulachev, Sergey Y. Morozov, Andrey G. Solovyev","doi":"10.3390/plants13182550","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13182550","url":null,"abstract":"Movement proteins (MPs) encoded by plant viruses are essential for cell-to-cell transport of viral genomes through plasmodesmata. The genome of hibiscus green spot virus contains a module of two MP genes termed ‘binary movement block’ (BMB), encoding the proteins BMB1 and BMB2. Here, BMB1 is shown to induce a defense response in Nicotiana benthamiana plants that inhibits BMB-dependent virus transport. This response is characterized by the accumulation of reactive oxygen species, callose deposition in the cell wall, and upregulation of 9-LOX expression. However, the BMB1-induced response is inhibited by coexpression with BMB2. Furthermore, BMB1 is found to localize to subnuclear structures, in particular to Cajal bodies, in addition to the cytoplasm. As shown in experiments with a BMB1 mutant, the localization of BMB1 to nuclear substructures enhances BMB-dependent virus transport. Thus, the virus transport mediated by BMB proteins is modulated by (i) a BMB1-induced defense response that inhibits transport, (ii) suppression of the BMB1-induced response by BMB2, and (iii) the nuclear localization of BMB1 that promotes virus transport. Collectively, the data presented demonstrate multiple levels of interactions between viral pathogens and their plant hosts during virus cell-to-cell transport.","PeriodicalId":20103,"journal":{"name":"Plants","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142221034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Genomic Sequence of a Czech Isolate of Erysimum Latent Virus from Sisymbrium altissimum 从捷克分离到的菊形目潜伏病毒的基因组序列

Plants Pub Date : 2024-09-11 DOI: 10.3390/plants13182554

Karima Ben Mansour, Josef Špak, Petr Komínek, Miloslav Zouhar, Pavel Ryšánek, Adrian J. Gibbs

引用次数: 0

Whole-Genome Resequencing Identifies SNPs in Sucrose Synthase and Sugar Transporter Genes Associated with Sweetness in Coconut 全基因组重测序发现与椰子甜度有关的蔗糖合成酶和糖转运体基因 SNPs

Plants Pub Date : 2024-09-11 DOI: 10.3390/plants13182548

Manlika Khongmaluan, Wanchana Aesomnuk, Reajina Dumhai, Mutiara K. Pitaloka, Yong Xiao, Rui Xia, Tippaya Kraithong, Natthaporn Phonsatta, Atikorn Panya, Vinitchan Ruanjaichon, Samart Wanchana, Siwaret Arikit

{"title":"Whole-Genome Resequencing Identifies SNPs in Sucrose Synthase and Sugar Transporter Genes Associated with Sweetness in Coconut","authors":"Manlika Khongmaluan, Wanchana Aesomnuk, Reajina Dumhai, Mutiara K. Pitaloka, Yong Xiao, Rui Xia, Tippaya Kraithong, Natthaporn Phonsatta, Atikorn Panya, Vinitchan Ruanjaichon, Samart Wanchana, Siwaret Arikit","doi":"10.3390/plants13182548","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13182548","url":null,"abstract":"Coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) is an important agricultural commodity with substantial economic and nutritional value, widely used for various products, including coconut water. The sweetness is an important quality trait of coconut water, which is influenced by genetic and environmental factors. In this study, we utilized next-generation sequencing to identify genetic variations in the coconut genome associated with the sweetness of coconut water. Whole-genome resequencing of 49 coconut accessions, including diverse germplasm and an F2 population of 81 individuals, revealed ~27 M SNPs and ~1.5 M InDels. Sugar content measured by °Bx was highly variable across all accessions tested, with dwarf varieties generally sweeter. A comprehensive analysis of the sugar profiles revealed that sucrose was the major sugar contributing to sweetness. Allele mining of the 148 genes involved in sugar metabolism and transport and genotype–phenotype association tests revealed two significant SNPs in the hexose carrier protein (Cnu01G018720) and sucrose synthase (Cnu09G011120) genes associated with the higher sugar content in both the germplasm and F2 populations. This research provides valuable insights into the genetic basis of coconut sweetness and offers molecular markers for breeding programs aimed at improving coconut water quality. The identified variants can improve the selection process in breeding high-quality sweet coconut varieties and thus support the economic sustainability of coconut cultivation.","PeriodicalId":20103,"journal":{"name":"Plants","volume":"294 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142221139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Impact of Simultaneous Nutrient Priming and Biopriming on Soybean Seed Quality and Health 同时进行养分预处理和生物预处理对大豆种子质量和健康的影响

Plants Pub Date : 2024-09-11 DOI: 10.3390/plants13182557

Gordana Tamindžić, Dragana Miljaković, Maja Ignjatov, Jegor Miladinović, Vuk Đorđević, Dragana Milošević, Dušica Jovičić, Slobodan Vlajić, Dragana Budakov, Mila Grahovac

{"title":"Impact of Simultaneous Nutrient Priming and Biopriming on Soybean Seed Quality and Health","authors":"Gordana Tamindžić, Dragana Miljaković, Maja Ignjatov, Jegor Miladinović, Vuk Đorđević, Dragana Milošević, Dušica Jovičić, Slobodan Vlajić, Dragana Budakov, Mila Grahovac","doi":"10.3390/plants13182557","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13182557","url":null,"abstract":"In soybean production, numerous strategies are utilized to enhance seed quality and mitigate the effects of biotic and abiotic stressors. Zn-based nutrient priming has been shown to be effective for field crops, and biopriming is a strategy that is becoming increasingly important for sustainable agriculture. On the other hand, there is a lack of information about the effect of comprehensive nutrient priming and biopriming techniques on soybean seed quality and viability and seed health. This study was performed to assess the benefits of nutrient priming with Zn, biopriming with Bacillus megaterium and Bradyrhizobium japonicum (single and co-inoculation), and combination of nutrient priming and biopriming on the seed quality and viability, as well as seed infection caused by Alternaria spp. and Fusarium spp. Three different laboratory tests were employed: germination test, accelerated aging test, and seed health test. The results revealed that all tested priming treatments have a beneficial effect on seed germination, initial plant growth, and reduction of seed infection in normal and aged seeds. Additionally, comprehensive priming with Zn, Bacillus megaterium, and Bradyrhizobium japonicum reduced the occurrence of Alternaria spp. (−84% and −75%) and Fusarium spp. (−91% and −88%) on soybean seeds in the germination and accelerated aging tests, respectively, as compared to the control, which proved to be the most effective treatment in both optimal and stressful conditions.","PeriodicalId":20103,"journal":{"name":"Plants","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142221152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Potential of Helichsryum splendidum (Thunb.) Less. for the Restoration of Sites Polluted with Coal Fly Ash Helichsryum splendidum (Thunb.) Less.

Plants Pub Date : 2024-09-11 DOI: 10.3390/plants13182551

Alexis Munyengabe, Ledwaba Samuel Kamogelo, Titus Yeliku-ang Ngmenzuma, Maria Fezile Banda

{"title":"The Potential of Helichsryum splendidum (Thunb.) Less. for the Restoration of Sites Polluted with Coal Fly Ash","authors":"Alexis Munyengabe, Ledwaba Samuel Kamogelo, Titus Yeliku-ang Ngmenzuma, Maria Fezile Banda","doi":"10.3390/plants13182551","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13182551","url":null,"abstract":"The disposal of coal fly ash (CFA) generated from coal-fired power stations has serious impact on the ecosystem, by converting large pieces of land to barren ash dams with the potential to contaminate groundwater, surface water, air and soil. The aim of this study was to clarify the potential of phytoremediation using Helichrysum splendidum (Thunb.) Less. in areas polluted by CFA through conduction of pot trial experiments for 14 weeks. Plants of the same age were cultivated in CFA to assess their growth, photosynthetic rate and tolerance towards metal toxicity. This study revealed that the CFA was moderately polluted with heavy metals, and a lower photosynthetic rate was recorded for the CFA plants in comparison to the controls (plants grown in soil). Although the CO2 assimilation rate was lower for the CFA plants, increased growth was recorded for all the plants tested. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was used to quantify the amount of trace elements in samples and parameters including translocation factor (TF) and bioconcentration factor (BCF) were used to evaluate the phytoremediation potential of H. splendidum (Thunb.) Less. The results revealed that higher concentrations of Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn and Pb were accumulated in the roots, while As, Ni and Zn were found in the shoots. Elements including As, Cr and Zn reported TF values above 1, indicating the plants’ phytoextraction potential. The BCF values for As, Cu and Zn were 1.22, 1.19 and 1.03, indicating effectiveness in the phytostabilization processes. A removal rate efficiency ranging from 18.0 to 56.7% was recorded confirming that, H. splendidum (Thunb.) Less. can be employed for restoration of CFA dams.","PeriodicalId":20103,"journal":{"name":"Plants","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142221141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0