Physical review letters最新文献

{"title":"Dynamical Excitation Control and Multimode Emission of an Atom-Photon Bound State","authors":"Claudia Castillo-Moreno, Kazi Rafsanjani Amin, Ingrid Strandberg, Mikael Kervinen, Amr Osman, Simone Gasparinetti","doi":"10.1103/physrevlett.134.133601","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.134.133601","url":null,"abstract":"Atom-photon bound states arise from the coupling of quantum emitters to the band edge of dispersion-engineered waveguides. Thanks to their tunable-range interactions, they are promising building blocks for quantum simulators. Here, we study the dynamics of an atom-photon bound state emerging from coupling a frequency-tunable quantum emitter—a transmon-type superconducting circuit—to the band edge of a microwave metamaterial. Employing precise temporal control over the frequency detuning of the emitter from the band edge, we examine the transition from adiabatic to nonadiabatic behavior in the formation of the bound state and its melting into the propagating modes of the metamaterial. Moreover, we experimentally observe multimode emission from the bound state, triggered by a fast change of the emitter’s frequency. Our Letter offers insight into the dynamic preparation of APBS and provides a method to characterize their photonic content, with implications in quantum optics and quantum simulation. <jats:supplementary-material> <jats:copyright-statement>Published by the American Physical Society</jats:copyright-statement> <jats:copyright-year>2025</jats:copyright-year> </jats:permissions> </jats:supplementary-material>","PeriodicalId":20069,"journal":{"name":"Physical review letters","volume":"280 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143744861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chiral Superfluid Helium-3 in the Quasi-Two-Dimensional Limit","authors":"Petri J. Heikkinen, Lev V. Levitin, Xavier Rojas, Angadjit Singh, Nathan Eng, Andrew Casey, John Saunders, Anton Vorontsov, Nikolay Zhelev, Abhilash Thanniyil Sebastian, Jeevak M. Parpia","doi":"10.1103/physrevlett.134.136001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.134.136001","url":null,"abstract":"Anisotropic pair breaking close to surfaces favors the chiral A&lt;/a:mi&gt;&lt;/a:math&gt; phase of the superfluid &lt;c:math xmlns:c=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"&gt;&lt;c:mrow&gt;&lt;c:mmultiscripts&gt;&lt;c:mrow&gt;&lt;c:mi&gt;He&lt;/c:mi&gt;&lt;/c:mrow&gt;&lt;c:mprescripts/&gt;&lt;c:none/&gt;&lt;c:mrow&gt;&lt;c:mn&gt;3&lt;/c:mn&gt;&lt;/c:mrow&gt;&lt;/c:mmultiscripts&gt;&lt;/c:mrow&gt;&lt;/c:math&gt; over the time-reversal invariant &lt;e:math xmlns:e=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"&gt;&lt;e:mi&gt;B&lt;/e:mi&gt;&lt;/e:math&gt; phase. Confining the superfluid &lt;g:math xmlns:g=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"&gt;&lt;g:mrow&gt;&lt;g:mmultiscripts&gt;&lt;g:mrow&gt;&lt;g:mi&gt;He&lt;/g:mi&gt;&lt;/g:mrow&gt;&lt;g:mprescripts/&gt;&lt;g:none/&gt;&lt;g:mrow&gt;&lt;g:mn&gt;3&lt;/g:mn&gt;&lt;/g:mrow&gt;&lt;/g:mmultiscripts&gt;&lt;/g:mrow&gt;&lt;/g:math&gt; into a cavity of height &lt;i:math xmlns:i=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"&gt;&lt;i:mi&gt;D&lt;/i:mi&gt;&lt;/i:math&gt; of the order of the Cooper pair size characterized by the coherence length &lt;k:math xmlns:k=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"&gt;&lt;k:msub&gt;&lt;k:mi&gt;ξ&lt;/k:mi&gt;&lt;k:mn&gt;0&lt;/k:mn&gt;&lt;/k:msub&gt;&lt;/k:math&gt;—ranging between 16 nm (34 bar) and 77 nm (0 bar)—extends the surface effects over the whole sample volume, thus allowing stabilization of the &lt;m:math xmlns:m=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"&gt;&lt;m:mi&gt;A&lt;/m:mi&gt;&lt;/m:math&gt; phase at pressures &lt;o:math xmlns:o=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"&gt;&lt;o:mi&gt;P&lt;/o:mi&gt;&lt;/o:math&gt; and temperatures &lt;q:math xmlns:q=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"&gt;&lt;q:mi&gt;T&lt;/q:mi&gt;&lt;/q:math&gt; where otherwise the &lt;s:math xmlns:s=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"&gt;&lt;s:mi&gt;B&lt;/s:mi&gt;&lt;/s:math&gt; phase would be stable. In this Letter, the surfaces of such a confined sample are covered with a superfluid &lt;u:math xmlns:u=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"&gt;&lt;u:mrow&gt;&lt;u:mmultiscripts&gt;&lt;u:mrow&gt;&lt;u:mi&gt;He&lt;/u:mi&gt;&lt;/u:mrow&gt;&lt;u:mprescripts/&gt;&lt;u:none/&gt;&lt;u:mrow&gt;&lt;u:mn&gt;4&lt;/u:mn&gt;&lt;/u:mrow&gt;&lt;/u:mmultiscripts&gt;&lt;/u:mrow&gt;&lt;/u:math&gt; film to create specular quasiparticle scattering boundary conditions, preventing the suppression of the superfluid order parameter. We show that the chiral &lt;w:math xmlns:w=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"&gt;&lt;w:mi&gt;A&lt;/w:mi&gt;&lt;/w:math&gt; phase is the stable superfluid phase under strong confinement over the full &lt;y:math xmlns:y=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"&gt;&lt;y:mrow&gt;&lt;y:mi&gt;P&lt;/y:mi&gt;&lt;y:mtext&gt;−&lt;/y:mtext&gt;&lt;y:mi&gt;T&lt;/y:mi&gt;&lt;/y:mrow&gt;&lt;/y:math&gt; phase diagram down to a quasi-two-dimensional limit D&lt;/ab:mi&gt;/&lt;/ab:mo&gt;ξ&lt;/ab:mi&gt;0&lt;/ab:mn&gt;&lt;/ab:msub&gt;=&lt;/ab:mo&gt;1&lt;/ab:mn&gt;&lt;/ab:math&gt;, where &lt;cb:math xmlns:cb=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"&gt;&lt;cb:mi&gt;D&lt;/cb:mi&gt;&lt;cb:mo&gt;=&lt;/cb:mo&gt;&lt;cb:mn&gt;80&lt;/cb:mn&gt;&lt;cb:mtext&gt; &lt;/cb:mtext&gt;&lt;cb:mtext&gt; &lt;/cb:mtext&gt;&lt;cb:mi&gt;nm&lt;/cb:mi&gt;&lt;/cb:math&gt;. The planar phase, which is degenerate with the chiral &lt;eb:math xmlns:eb=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"&gt;&lt;eb:mi&gt;A&lt;/eb:mi&gt;&lt;/eb:math&gt; phase in the weak-coupling limit, is not observed. The gap inferred from measurements over the wide pressure range from 0.2 t","PeriodicalId":20069,"journal":{"name":"Physical review letters","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143744859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Closed Band-Projected Density Algebra Must Be Girvin-MacDonald-Platzman","authors":"Ziwei Wang, Steven H. Simon","doi":"10.1103/physrevlett.134.136502","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.134.136502","url":null,"abstract":"The band-projected density operators in a Landau level obey the Girvin-MacDonald-Platzman (GMP) algebra, and a large amount of effort in the study of fractional Chern insulators has been directed toward approximating this algebra in a Chern band. In this Letter, we prove that the GMP algebra, up to form factors, is the closed algebra that projected density operators can satisfy in two and three dimensions, highlighting the central place it occupies in the study of Chern bands in general. A number of interesting corollaries follow. <jats:supplementary-material> <jats:copyright-statement>Published by the American Physical Society</jats:copyright-statement> <jats:copyright-year>2025</jats:copyright-year> </jats:permissions> </jats:supplementary-material>","PeriodicalId":20069,"journal":{"name":"Physical review letters","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143744856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Liquid-Liquid Phase Transition in Simulated Supercooled Water Nanodroplets","authors":"Shahrazad M. A. Malek, Francesco Sciortino, Peter H. Poole, Ivan Saika-Voivod","doi":"10.1103/physrevlett.134.138001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.134.138001","url":null,"abstract":"Using simulations, we demonstrate how a liquid-liquid phase transition (LLPT) manifests in supercooled water nanodroplets. Selecting an interaction potential for which a LLPT occurs in the bulk liquid, we conduct simulations of supercooled water nanodroplets having between 1000 and 80000 molecules. We show that as the droplet size decreases, the Laplace pressure grows large enough to drive the droplets through the transition from the low-density to the high-density liquid phase, and that all droplets in this size range are large enough to have cores exhibiting the structure and properties of bulk water. To guide experiments, we estimate the range of values for the critical pressure of the LLPT in real water that can be observed using nanodroplets, and propose structural and dynamical measures by which the LLPT in nanodroplets can be detected. <jats:supplementary-material> <jats:copyright-statement>Published by the American Physical Society</jats:copyright-statement> <jats:copyright-year>2025</jats:copyright-year> </jats:permissions> </jats:supplementary-material>","PeriodicalId":20069,"journal":{"name":"Physical review letters","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143744858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Four-Loop Anomalous Dimension of Flavor Nonsinglet Twist-Two Operator of General Lorentz Spin in QCD: ζ(3) Term","authors":"B. A. Kniehl, V. N. Velizhanin","doi":"10.1103/physrevlett.134.131901","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.134.131901","url":null,"abstract":"We consider the anomalous dimension of the flavor nonsinglet twist-two quark operator of arbitrary Lorentz spin N</a:mi></a:math> at four loops in QCD and construct its contribution proportional to <c:math xmlns:c=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><c:mi>ζ</c:mi><c:mo stretchy=\"false\">(</c:mo><c:mn>3</c:mn><c:mo stretchy=\"false\">)</c:mo></c:math> in analytic form by applying advanced methods of number theory on the available knowledge of low-<g:math xmlns:g=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><g:mi>N</g:mi></g:math> moments. In conjunction with similar results on the <i:math xmlns:i=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><i:mi>ζ</i:mi><i:mo stretchy=\"false\">(</i:mo><i:mn>5</i:mn><i:mo stretchy=\"false\">)</i:mo></i:math> and <m:math xmlns:m=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><m:mi>ζ</m:mi><m:mo stretchy=\"false\">(</m:mo><m:mn>4</m:mn><m:mo stretchy=\"false\">)</m:mo></m:math> contributions, this completes our knowledge of the transcendental part of the considered anomalous dimension. This also provides important constraints on the as-yet elusive all-<q:math xmlns:q=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><q:mi>N</q:mi></q:math> form of the rational part. Via Mellin transformation, we thus obtain the exact functional form in <s:math xmlns:s=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><s:mi>x</s:mi></s:math> of the respective piece of the nonsinglet Dokshitzer-Gribov-Lipatov-Altarelli-Parisi splitting function at four loops. This allows us to appreciably reduce the theoretical uncertainty in the approximation of that splitting function otherwise amenable from the first few low-<u:math xmlns:u=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><u:mi>N</u:mi></u:math> moments. <jats:supplementary-material> <jats:copyright-statement>Published by the American Physical Society</jats:copyright-statement> <jats:copyright-year>2025</jats:copyright-year> </jats:permissions> </jats:supplementary-material>","PeriodicalId":20069,"journal":{"name":"Physical review letters","volume":"183 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143744862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geometric Interpretation of Timelike Entanglement Entropy","authors":"Michal P. Heller, Fabio Ori, Alexandre Serantes","doi":"10.1103/physrevlett.134.131601","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.134.131601","url":null,"abstract":"Analytic continuations of holographic entanglement entropy in which the boundary subregion extends along a timelike direction have brought a promise of a novel, time-centric probe of the emergence of spacetime. We propose that the bulk carriers of this holographic timelike entanglement entropy are boundary-anchored extremal surfaces probing analytic continuation of holographic spacetimes into complex coordinates. This proposal not only provides a geometric interpretation of all the known cases obtained by direct analytic continuation of closed-form expressions of holographic entanglement entropy of a strip subregion but crucially also opens a window to study holographic timelike entanglement entropy in full generality. We initialize the investigation of complex extremal surfaces anchored on a timelike strip at the boundary of anti-de Sitter black branes. We find multiple complex extremal surfaces and discuss possible principles singling out the physical contribution. <jats:supplementary-material> <jats:copyright-statement>Published by the American Physical Society</jats:copyright-statement> <jats:copyright-year>2025</jats:copyright-year> </jats:permissions> </jats:supplementary-material>","PeriodicalId":20069,"journal":{"name":"Physical review letters","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143744857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Variational Ground-State Quantum Adiabatic Theorem","authors":"Bojan Žunkovič, Pietro Torta, Giovanni Pecci, Guglielmo Lami, Mario Collura","doi":"10.1103/physrevlett.134.130601","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.134.130601","url":null,"abstract":"We present a variational quantum adiabatic theorem, which states that, under certain assumptions, the adiabatic dynamics projected onto a variational manifold follow the instantaneous variational ground state. We focus on low-entanglement variational manifolds and target Hamiltonians with classical ground states. Despite highly entangled intermediate states along the exact adiabatic path, the variational evolution converges to the target ground state. We demonstrate this approach with several examples that align with our theoretical analysis. <jats:supplementary-material> <jats:copyright-statement>Published by the American Physical Society</jats:copyright-statement> <jats:copyright-year>2025</jats:copyright-year> </jats:permissions> </jats:supplementary-material>","PeriodicalId":20069,"journal":{"name":"Physical review letters","volume":"223 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143744860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Universal and Nonuniversal Signatures in the Scaling Functions of Critical Variables","authors":"Gianluca Teza, Attilio L. Stella","doi":"10.1103/physrevlett.134.127102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.134.127102","url":null,"abstract":"At criticality, the magnetization M&lt;/a:mi&gt;&lt;/a:mrow&gt;&lt;/a:math&gt; of a &lt;c:math xmlns:c=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"&gt;&lt;c:mi&gt;d&lt;/c:mi&gt;&lt;/c:math&gt;-dimensional Ising system with &lt;e:math xmlns:e=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"&gt;&lt;e:mi&gt;N&lt;/e:mi&gt;&lt;/e:math&gt; spins is distributed such that the probability density function of &lt;g:math xmlns:g=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"&gt;&lt;g:mrow&gt;&lt;g:mi&gt;m&lt;/g:mi&gt;&lt;g:mo&gt;=&lt;/g:mo&gt;&lt;g:mi&gt;M&lt;/g:mi&gt;&lt;g:mo&gt;/&lt;/g:mo&gt;&lt;g:msup&gt;&lt;g:mrow&gt;&lt;g:mi&gt;N&lt;/g:mi&gt;&lt;/g:mrow&gt;&lt;g:mrow&gt;&lt;g:msub&gt;&lt;g:mrow&gt;&lt;g:mi&gt;y&lt;/g:mi&gt;&lt;/g:mrow&gt;&lt;g:mrow&gt;&lt;g:mi&gt;H&lt;/g:mi&gt;&lt;/g:mrow&gt;&lt;/g:msub&gt;&lt;g:mo&gt;/&lt;/g:mo&gt;&lt;g:mi&gt;d&lt;/g:mi&gt;&lt;/g:mrow&gt;&lt;/g:msup&gt;&lt;/g:mrow&gt;&lt;/g:math&gt;, with &lt;i:math xmlns:i=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"&gt;&lt;i:msub&gt;&lt;i:mi&gt;y&lt;/i:mi&gt;&lt;i:mi&gt;H&lt;/i:mi&gt;&lt;/i:msub&gt;&lt;/i:math&gt; universal exponent, converges to a limit &lt;k:math xmlns:k=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"&gt;&lt;k:mi&gt;f&lt;/k:mi&gt;&lt;k:mo stretchy=\"false\"&gt;(&lt;/k:mo&gt;&lt;k:mi&gt;m&lt;/k:mi&gt;&lt;k:mo stretchy=\"false\"&gt;)&lt;/k:mo&gt;&lt;/k:math&gt;. The expectation that &lt;o:math xmlns:o=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"&gt;&lt;o:mi&gt;f&lt;/o:mi&gt;&lt;/o:math&gt; should furnish a hallmark of universal behavior contrasts with its sensible dependence on nonuniversal features. We show that both nonuniversal amplitudes and universal exponents of leading power law singularities in all large deviation functions are determined by the fact that, due to extensivity, &lt;q:math xmlns:q=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"&gt;&lt;q:mrow&gt;&lt;q:mi&gt;f&lt;/q:mi&gt;&lt;q:mo stretchy=\"false\"&gt;(&lt;/q:mo&gt;&lt;q:mi&gt;m&lt;/q:mi&gt;&lt;q:mo stretchy=\"false\"&gt;)&lt;/q:mo&gt;&lt;q:msub&gt;&lt;q:mrow&gt;&lt;q:mo&gt;∼&lt;/q:mo&gt;&lt;/q:mrow&gt;&lt;q:mrow&gt;&lt;q:mo stretchy=\"false\"&gt;|&lt;/q:mo&gt;&lt;q:mi&gt;m&lt;/q:mi&gt;&lt;q:mo stretchy=\"false\"&gt;|&lt;/q:mo&gt;&lt;q:mo&gt;≫&lt;/q:mo&gt;&lt;q:mn&gt;1&lt;/q:mn&gt;&lt;/q:mrow&gt;&lt;/q:msub&gt;&lt;q:mi&gt;exp&lt;/q:mi&gt;&lt;q:mo stretchy=\"false\"&gt;(&lt;/q:mo&gt;&lt;q:mo&gt;−&lt;/q:mo&gt;&lt;q:mi&gt;c&lt;/q:mi&gt;&lt;q:mo stretchy=\"false\"&gt;|&lt;/q:mo&gt;&lt;q:mi&gt;m&lt;/q:mi&gt;&lt;q:msup&gt;&lt;q:mrow&gt;&lt;q:mo stretchy=\"false\"&gt;|&lt;/q:mo&gt;&lt;/q:mrow&gt;&lt;q:mrow&gt;&lt;q:mi&gt;δ&lt;/q:mi&gt;&lt;q:mo&gt;+&lt;/q:mo&gt;&lt;q:mn&gt;1&lt;/q:mn&gt;&lt;/q:mrow&gt;&lt;/q:msup&gt;&lt;q:mo stretchy=\"false\"&gt;)&lt;/q:mo&gt;&lt;/q:mrow&gt;&lt;/q:math&gt;, with δ&lt;/ab:mi&gt;=&lt;/ab:mo&gt;y&lt;/ab:mi&gt;H&lt;/ab:mi&gt;&lt;/ab:msub&gt;/&lt;/ab:mo&gt;(&lt;/ab:mo&gt;d&lt;/ab:mi&gt;−&lt;/ab:mo&gt;y&lt;/ab:mi&gt;H&lt;/ab:mi&gt;&lt;/ab:msub&gt;)&lt;/ab:mo&gt;&lt;/ab:math&gt; and &lt;eb:math xmlns:eb=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"&gt;&lt;eb:mi&gt;c&lt;/eb:mi&gt;&lt;/eb:math&gt; a nonuniversal coefficient. This unexplored scenario implies a universal form of central limit theorem at criticality and is confirmed by exact calculations for mean field Ising models in equilibrium and for anomalous diffusion models, with &lt;gb:math xmlns:gb=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"&gt;&lt;gb:mi&gt;M&lt;/gb:mi&gt;&lt;/gb:math&gt; replaced by displacement and &lt;ib:math xmlns:ib=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"&gt;&lt;ib:mi&gt;N&lt;/ib:mi&gt;&lt;/ib:math&gt; by time. &lt;jats:supplementary-material&gt; &lt;jats:copyright-statement&gt;Published by the American Physical Society&lt;/jats:copyright-statement&gt; &lt;jats:copyright-year&gt;2025&lt;/jats:copyright-year&gt; &lt;/jats:permissions&gt; &lt;/jats:supplementary-mate","PeriodicalId":20069,"journal":{"name":"Physical review letters","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143733973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protein Structure Classification Based on X-Ray-Laser-Induced Coulomb Explosion","authors":"Tomas André, Ibrahim Dawod, Sebastian Cardoch, Emiliano De Santis, Nicuşor Tîmneanu, Carl Caleman","doi":"10.1103/physrevlett.134.128403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.134.128403","url":null,"abstract":"We simulated Coulomb explosion dynamics due to fast ionization induced by high-intensity x-rays in six proteins that share similar atomic content and shape. We followed and projected the trajectory of the fragments onto a virtual detector, providing a unique explosion footprint. After collecting 500 explosion footprints for each protein, we utilized principal component analysis and t</a:mi></a:math>-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding to classify these. Results show that the classification algorithms were able to separate proteins on the basis of explosion footprints from structurally similar proteins into distinct groups. The explosion footprints, therefore, provide a unique identifier for each protein. We envision that method could be used concurrently with single-particle coherent imaging experiments to provide additional information on shape, mass, or conformation. <jats:supplementary-material> <jats:copyright-statement>Published by the American Physical Society</jats:copyright-statement> <jats:copyright-year>2025</jats:copyright-year> </jats:permissions> </jats:supplementary-material>","PeriodicalId":20069,"journal":{"name":"Physical review letters","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143723254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improved Bound-Electron g -Factor Theory through Complete Two-Loop QED Calculations","authors":"B. Sikora, V. A. Yerokhin, C. H. Keitel, Z. Harman","doi":"10.1103/physrevlett.134.123001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.134.123001","url":null,"abstract":"The two-loop self-energy correction to the bound-electron g</a:mi></a:math> factor in hydrogenlike ions is investigated, taking into account the electron-nucleus interaction exactly. This all-order calculation is required to improve the total theoretical uncertainty of the <c:math xmlns:c=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><c:mi>g</c:mi></c:math> factor, which is limited by the fact that two-loop self-energy corrections have only been calculated so far in the form of an expansion in <e:math xmlns:e=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><e:mi>Z</e:mi><e:mi>α</e:mi></e:math>. Here, <g:math xmlns:g=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><g:mi>Z</g:mi></g:math> is the nuclear charge number and <i:math xmlns:i=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><i:mi>α</i:mi></i:math> is the fine-structure constant. In this work, we report calculations of the last missing parts of the total two-loop self-energy correction, exactly in <k:math xmlns:k=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><k:mi>Z</k:mi><k:mi>α</k:mi></k:math>. We apply our theory to the recently measured <m:math xmlns:m=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><m:mi>g</m:mi></m:math> factor of the hydrogenlike <o:math xmlns:o=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><o:msup><o:mrow><o:mmultiscripts><o:mrow><o:mi>Sn</o:mi></o:mrow><o:mprescripts/><o:none/><o:mrow><o:mn>118</o:mn></o:mrow></o:mmultiscripts></o:mrow><o:mrow><o:mn>49</o:mn><o:mo>+</o:mo></o:mrow></o:msup></o:math> ion [J. Morgner , ] and, with a factor of 8, improve the accuracy of its state-of-the-art theoretical value by almost one order of magnitude, enabling more detailed tests of quantum electrodynamics and new physics in strong fields. <jats:supplementary-material> <jats:copyright-statement>Published by the American Physical Society</jats:copyright-statement> <jats:copyright-year>2025</jats:copyright-year> </jats:permissions> </jats:supplementary-material>","PeriodicalId":20069,"journal":{"name":"Physical review letters","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143723236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}