{"title":"Control Scheme for High-Efficiency High-Performance Two-Stage Power Converters","authors":"J. Qahouq, G. Muralidhar","doi":"10.1109/APEC.2009.4802820","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC.2009.4802820","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a variable bus voltage adaptive control scheme for two-stage power converters. Conventional two-stage converters utilize either a fixed DC bus voltage or a variable but predetermined DC bus voltage, which do not necessarily result in an optimum operation with optimum bus voltages under variable conditions. The presented adaptive bus voltage controller maintains optimum bus voltage under variable conditions and results in improved efficiency. In this paper, the two-stage DC-DC power converters with intermediate DC bus voltages are reviewed, the proposed adaptive controller is discussed and analyzed, efficiency simulation results and closed loop simulation results are presented and experimental work is discussed.","PeriodicalId":200366,"journal":{"name":"2009 Twenty-Fourth Annual IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129550256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Speed Sensorless Vector Control Induction Motor Drives Fed by Cascaded Neutral Point Clamped Inverter","authors":"G. Baoming, F. Peng","doi":"10.1109/APEC.2009.4802946","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC.2009.4802946","url":null,"abstract":"An effective control solution for speed sensorless vector control of induction motor fed by a cascaded neutral point clamped (NPC) inverter is proposed, where the novel SPWM pulse rotation control approach provides a simple way to implement vector control for induction motor when the cascaded NPC inverter is employed. The single carrier is used in the novel pulse control, instead of the multi-carriers, which makes the voltage modulation simpler and the hardware burden decrease. It is of great benefits to the cascaded NPC inverter, i.e., the output voltages and powers of all inverter modules, and two series-capacitor dc voltages of each inverter module are perfectly balanced, and a low switch frequency of all inverter modules provides a synthesized high frequency PWM phase voltage. A rotor flux-oriented vector control is combined with back EMF-based MRAS speed estimation, which results in a speed closed-loop control. The voltage sensors together with the filters of changeable parameters ensure the precision of speed estimation for the whole frequency range. The proposed scheme is applied to control an 800kW 4160V induction motor fed by the 1MVA 6000V 17-level cascaded NPC inverter, where the controller mainly consists of one DSP and one CPLD. The experimental results verify the proposed scheme.","PeriodicalId":200366,"journal":{"name":"2009 Twenty-Fourth Annual IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130900676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Analyzing and Compensating for Rotor Time Constant Variation in Induction Machines at Flux-Weakening Operations","authors":"X. Nan, B. Arnet","doi":"10.1109/APEC.2009.4802655","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC.2009.4802655","url":null,"abstract":"Vector control methods have made accurate and fast control of induction machines possible. The success of indirect rotor-flux-oriented-control (RFOC) depends greatly on the accuracy of the machine parameters, especially the rotor time constant. In this paper, rotor resistance data is extracted from standard current-slip tests and analyzed. The data show that the rotor resistance appears to change with slip frequencies. The variation can be attributed to skin effects in the rotor bars and cross-coupling effect between d-q inductances. The torque error when entering flux-weakening caused by neglecting the variance of rotor resistance is analyzed. An induction machine model with compensated rotor resistance is proposed and proved to improve the torque linearity, particularly during flux-weakening operations.","PeriodicalId":200366,"journal":{"name":"2009 Twenty-Fourth Annual IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129927972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Magnetic Material Selection for High Power High Frequency Inductors in DC-DC Converters","authors":"M. Ryłko, K. J. Hartnett, J. Hayes, M. Egan","doi":"10.1109/APEC.2009.4802955","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC.2009.4802955","url":null,"abstract":"Dc-dc converter size and efficiency are driving factors in industrial, aerospace and automotive applications. Thus, optimal component selection is essential for a compact design. The inductor often appears as the converter's largest component. This paper presents analytical and experimental comparisons of the magnetic materials used in a practical design. The investigation is concerned with magnetic material selection for a dc-dc power inductor in the medium (20 kHz) to high (150 kHz) frequency range and the low (1%) to high (220%) current ripple range. The materials under investigation are iron-based amorphous metal, silicon steel, nanocrystalline, ferrite, powdered iron and gap-less powder materials. A newly developed silicon steel material from JFE-Steel Co. is presented. A novel material comparison which includes thermal conductivity and saturation capability is proposed. The area product analysis for material comparison is presented for 10 kW dc-dc inductor design examples. The variation of core power loss with dc-bias is experimentally investigated for different materials. A 1.25 kW half-bridge dc-dc converter is used in experimental validation.","PeriodicalId":200366,"journal":{"name":"2009 Twenty-Fourth Annual IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123751821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A New Dimming Method for Highly Integrated Fluorescent Ballast","authors":"Zan Huang, T. Ribarich","doi":"10.1109/APEC.2009.4802874","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC.2009.4802874","url":null,"abstract":"Traditional dimming methods require excessive amount of external components and connection pins of ICs; therefore limit the possibility of making compact dimming fluorescent ballasts. By going over these conventional methods and introducing a new dimming method, this paper provides a solution for making highly integrated dimmable fluorescent ballasts, minimizing usage of external components and connector pins of ICs.","PeriodicalId":200366,"journal":{"name":"2009 Twenty-Fourth Annual IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126991302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Active Inductor Current Balancing for Interleaving Multi-Phase Buck-Boost Converter","authors":"S. Angkititrakul, H. Hu, Z. Liang","doi":"10.1109/APEC.2009.4802708","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC.2009.4802708","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, active inductor current balancing method for multi-phase four-switch buck-boost converter is presented. The multi-phase four-switch buck-boost converter is proposed for battery powered applications, such as automotive/truck applications, where high power dc-dc converters capable of stepping up and stepping down voltages are required. Inductor current balancing circuit based on the average current sharing bus approach is used to ensure that the inductor currents are evenly distributed. A prototype of 4-phase buck-boost converter was implemented to verify the concept. Experimental results are included to show the inductor current balancing during steady state and load transient.","PeriodicalId":200366,"journal":{"name":"2009 Twenty-Fourth Annual IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition","volume":"139 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116411017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Novel SVPWM Modulation Scheme","authors":"Yinhai Zhang, Songsong Wang, Haixia Xia, Jinfa Ge","doi":"10.1109/APEC.2009.4802644","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC.2009.4802644","url":null,"abstract":"A novel Dispersion SVPWM Algorithm is proposed in the paper based on the conventional SVPWM analysis. In per control period, the dwelling time of basic voltage vector can be calculated by the 3 phase voltage dispersion, and without coordinate transformations, trigonometric function, inverse trigonometric function and vector decomposition, which simplified the conventional SVPWM algorithm. The proposed method is effective by the simulated and experimental results. It shows the simplicity of the code program and reduction of CPU execution time in a real time control system.","PeriodicalId":200366,"journal":{"name":"2009 Twenty-Fourth Annual IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126517990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Schnell, J. Díaz, C. Brañas, F. Azcondo, R. Zane
{"title":"Digital Phase Control of an Integrated Resonant Igniter Using a Soft Saturation Core for High Intensity Discharge Lamps","authors":"R. Schnell, J. Díaz, C. Brañas, F. Azcondo, R. Zane","doi":"10.1109/APEC.2009.4802869","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC.2009.4802869","url":null,"abstract":"The paper proposes a robust resonant ignition technique for low frequency square wave (LFSW) ballasts without requiring additional igniter components or increase in component size or weight. The LC filter of the LFSW ballast is used at start-up in a resonant mode for lamp ignition. In order to achieve the high voltage gain required for lamp ignition, significantly higher current and volt-seconds are imposed on the filter inductor during resonant ignition than in steady-state LFSW operation. The proposed solution uses a Kool Mu soft saturation inductor core material to prevent core saturation during ignition without requiring an increase in core size or weight from the design for steady-state LFSW operation. A digital phase controller is used during the ignition sequence to gradually sweep the phase lag of the inductor current from 90° down towards resonance. This results in a robust ignition sequence while maintaining zero voltage switching despite variations of inductance value in the presence of soft saturation core dynamics. Experimental results are presented to demonstrate reliable ignition of 150 W metal halide (MH) and 150 W high pressure sodium (HPS) lamps using the proposed techniques.","PeriodicalId":200366,"journal":{"name":"2009 Twenty-Fourth Annual IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127466577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Digital Control of Resonant Converters: Enhancing Frequency Resolution by Dithering","authors":"M. Peretz, S. Ben-Yaakov","doi":"10.1080/00207217.2014.896037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00207217.2014.896037","url":null,"abstract":"Resonant converters and related systems, such as piezoelectric transformers, may require a high-resolution frequency drive when the quality factor of the network is high or to avoid limit cycle oscillations. This high frequency resolution requirement could be beyond the capabilities of low cost microcontrollers. To remedy this problem, a frequency resolution enhancement algorithm was developed, tested by simulations and verified experimentally. The proposed approach is based on a modification of the fractional-N dithering concept and includes an adaptive dithering period and smooth DPWM frequency transitions. The implementation of the approach on the digital hardware is simple and requires modest additional workload from the CPU. Theoretical analysis was carried out to model the proposed dithering method when applied to drive resonant network in order to identify the causes and to quantify the expected output signal distortion when the signal is used to drive resonant networks. The proposed approach was tested experimentally on two types of resonant converters: a series-resonant parallel-loaded converter and a piezoelectric transformer. It was found that the output signal distortion is less than 1% of the peak amplitude of the output drive which would be acceptable in many applications. The experimental results were found to be in excellent agreement with the theoretical predictions, validating the usefulness of the dithering method as a frequency resolution enhancer for resonant network drive.","PeriodicalId":200366,"journal":{"name":"2009 Twenty-Fourth Annual IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129096321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Current Sensorless Power Factor Correction based on Digital Current Rebuilding","authors":"F. Azcondo, Á. de Castro, F. J. Díaz, Ó. García","doi":"10.1109/APEC.2009.4802749","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC.2009.4802749","url":null,"abstract":"A new digital control technique for power factor correction is presented. The main novelty of the method is that there is no current sensor. Instead, the input current is digitally rebuilt, using the estimated input current for the current loop. Apart from that, the ADCs used for the acquisition of the input and output voltages have been designed ad-hoc. Taking advantage of the slow dynamic behavior of these voltages, almost completely digital ADCs have been designed, leaving only a comparator and an RC filter in the analog part. The final objective is obtaining a low cost digital controller which can be easily integrated in an ASIC along with the controller of paralleled and subsequent power sections.","PeriodicalId":200366,"journal":{"name":"2009 Twenty-Fourth Annual IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition","volume":"92 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132682031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}