Pediatrics最新文献_第7页

The Incidence of Neonatal Herpes Simplex Virus Infections in the United States: 2019. 2019年美国新生儿单纯疱疹病毒感染发生率

IF 6.2 2区医学

Pediatrics Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2024-067348

Matthew Pooser, Yan Yuan, Saugat Karki, Kevin O'Callaghan, Kaitlin Hufstetler, Alejandro Perez, Andre Berro, Harrell Chesson, Kristen M Kreisel

{"title":"The Incidence of Neonatal Herpes Simplex Virus Infections in the United States: 2019.","authors":"Matthew Pooser, Yan Yuan, Saugat Karki, Kevin O'Callaghan, Kaitlin Hufstetler, Alejandro Perez, Andre Berro, Harrell Chesson, Kristen M Kreisel","doi":"10.1542/peds.2024-067348","DOIUrl":"10.1542/peds.2024-067348","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The objective of this study was to generate updated estimates for the incidence rate, cost burden, and case fatality rate (CFR) of neonatal herpes simplex virus (nHSV) infections in the US in 2019.Methods: A nationally representative sample of US pediatric discharges was assessed using data from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project Kids' Inpatient Database to estimate the incidence, costs, and fatality of nHSV in 2019. Cases were estimated using herpes simplex virus International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, Clinical Modification codes (B00.xx, A60.xx, or P35.2) among infants aged 28 days or younger admitted to the hospital and with hospital stays more than 5 days or resulting in death. A matching algorithm was developed to deduplicate records of readmissions or transfers from another hospital. Estimates were generated overall and by sociodemographic factors including race, US region, primary payer, and median household income.Results: In total, 561 nHSV cases were estimated in the US in 2019, resulting in an incidence rate of 15.7 per 100 000 hospital births. The highest incidence rate was in the South (21.3; 95% confidence interval [CI], 19.0-23.9) and in infants born to Black birth parents (27.3; 95% CI, 22.8-32.4). The total cost to the US health care system was estimated at $28.9 million. The CFR among infants with nHSV was estimated to be 4.6%.Conclusion: This study updates the incidence rate, cost burden, and CFR of nHSV in 2019, an increase compared with past estimates, and highlights the racial and geographic disparities across the US. Public health interventions for early detection and prevention are critical to mitigate these disparities.","PeriodicalId":20028,"journal":{"name":"Pediatrics","volume":"155 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12088598/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144031054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Patent Ductus Arteriosus in Preterm Infants. 早产儿动脉导管未闭。

IF 6.2 2区医学

Pediatrics Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2025-071425

Namasivayam Ambalavanan, Susan W Aucott, Arash Salavitabar, Victor Y Levy

{"title":"Patent Ductus Arteriosus in Preterm Infants.","authors":"Namasivayam Ambalavanan, Susan W Aucott, Arash Salavitabar, Victor Y Levy","doi":"10.1542/peds.2025-071425","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2025-071425","url":null,"abstract":"Despite extensive research in basic science and in clinical settings with thousands of infants over decades, uncertainty and controversy persist regarding the significance, assessment, and management of the patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in preterm infants, resulting in substantial variability in clinical approach. This clinical report aims to succinctly review the available evidence to guide evaluation and treatment of preterm infants with prolonged ductal patency. Delayed closure of the PDA is common in preterm infants, particularly at more extreme immaturity. Echocardiography is essential for confirming the presence of a PDA and assessing hemodynamic significance. Medical closure of a PDA using ibuprofen or acetaminophen is an option for a hemodynamically significant PDA (hsPDA). Recent data from multiple clinical trials indicate the lack of benefits of prophylactic or early (<2 weeks of age) medical closure of PDA as compared with expectant management, and they are, therefore, not recommended. There are insufficient data to support firm recommendations on management of infants with an hsPDA beyond 2 weeks of age as relative benefits and risks of expectant management with close monitoring, attempted pharmacologic closure, or procedural (transcatheter/surgical) closure have not been adequately defined. Many clinicians attempt medical closure of an hsPDA beyond 2 weeks of age. If the hsPDA persists despite medical therapy (or if medical therapy is contraindicated), such infants may be considered for either transcatheter closure or surgical ligation. In recent years, surgical closure of the PDA has become less frequent, and transcatheter closure is more common in many centers. Although there are known adverse effects of an hsPDA, there is a lack of evidence to guide management, necessitating equipoise regarding treatment options and timing and a need for trials that can expand the available body of evidence, especially regarding long-term cardiopulmonary and neurodevelopmental outcomes.","PeriodicalId":20028,"journal":{"name":"Pediatrics","volume":"155 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144040201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Caregivers Asking About Firearms in Homes Their Children Visit. 照顾者询问孩子家中的枪支问题。

IF 8 2区医学

Pediatrics Pub Date : 2025-04-28 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2025-071373

Maya Haasz,Matthew G Myers,Patrick M Carter,Kelsey Gastineau,Rebeccah L Sokol

{"title":"Caregivers Asking About Firearms in Homes Their Children Visit.","authors":"Maya Haasz,Matthew G Myers,Patrick M Carter,Kelsey Gastineau,Rebeccah L Sokol","doi":"10.1542/peds.2025-071373","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2025-071373","url":null,"abstract":"Firearm injuries are the leading cause of death among U.S children and teens.(1) Decreasing firearm access by storing firearms locked and unloaded has the potential to decrease deaths in this population,(2) thus clinical, community, and policy initiatives have focused on improving home firearm storage.(3-10) However, the risk to children and teens extends beyond their own homes - studies of unintentional injuries in this age group report 19-44% of injuries and fatalities occur at the house of a friend or other residence.(11,12) According to data from the National Violent Death Reporting from 2003-2021, firearms used in unintentional injury deaths were predominantly stored loaded (74%) and unlocked (76%) and most commonly were accessed from nightstands and other sleeping areas (30%).(13) Consequently, in addition to improving firearm storage behaviors within households where children and teens live, recent efforts encourage caregivers to consider firearms in homes that they visit. (14-16) Asking about firearms and their storage in homes where children and teens spend time allows caregivers to assess and mitigate the potential risk of their child accessing a firearm within another household. Understanding the epidemiology and correlates of caregiver asking behaviors may inform efforts to promote this risk-mitigating behavior.","PeriodicalId":20028,"journal":{"name":"Pediatrics","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143885525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Reducing Pediatric Unplanned Extubation: A National Quality Improvement Collaborative. 减少儿科意外拔管：国家质量改进协作。

IF 8 2区医学

Pediatrics Pub Date : 2025-04-28 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2024-068304

Kristin Melton,Anthony Lee,Jason Macartney,Vicki Montgomery,Mary Nock,Patsy Sisson,Ingrid Cooper,Anne Lyren,Lara Wood,

{"title":"Reducing Pediatric Unplanned Extubation: A National Quality Improvement Collaborative.","authors":"Kristin Melton,Anthony Lee,Jason Macartney,Vicki Montgomery,Mary Nock,Patsy Sisson,Ingrid Cooper,Anne Lyren,Lara Wood,","doi":"10.1542/peds.2024-068304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2024-068304","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVEUnplanned extubation (UE) is a significant cause of harm for pediatric patients. Hospitals working with a quality improvement collaborative, Solutions for Patient Safety, tested and developed a UE bundle that demonstrated significant UE reduction after implementation. The objective of this study was to spread the UE bundle to a large number of children's hospitals using workgroups to facilitate bundle implementation for UE reduction.METHODSPediatric hospitals implemented the UE bundle in their neonatal, pediatric, and cardiac intensive care units and submitted data on their UE rate (UE number per ventilator days) and reliability to the bundle. Participating hospitals were divided into smaller workgroups that were used to identify barriers to bundle implementation, measurement, and maintenance. Workgroups were used to facilitate peer-to-peer discussion and sharing of resources, tools, and ideas.RESULTSEighty-three hospitals participated in workgroups between January 2020 and July 2023. During that time, the overall network rate of UE was reduced from 0.662 UE events per 100 ventilator days to 0.53 UE events per 100 ventilator days, representing a 19.9% reduction in UE events. After participating in workgroups, 53 hospitals (74%) experienced significant UE rate reductions or a significant increase in reliability to the bundle. Most hospitals maintained stable UE rates and reliability. Barriers to bundle implementation and auditing were identified and addressed in the workgroups.CONCLUSIONSThe use of workgroups was an effective method to facilitate bundle spread, support group learning, and provide resources to promote improvement efforts in a large improvement collaborative. Through structured improvement methods, children's hospitals have continued to decrease the rate of UE.","PeriodicalId":20028,"journal":{"name":"Pediatrics","volume":"83 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143885526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comparing Screening Tools for Predicting Phoenix Criteria Sepsis and Septic Shock among Children. 预测儿童脓毒症和感染性休克的凤凰标准筛选工具的比较。

IF 8 2区医学

Pediatrics Pub Date : 2025-04-27 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2025-071155

Nathan Georgette,Kenneth Michelson,Michael Monuteaux,Matthew A Eisenberg

{"title":"Comparing Screening Tools for Predicting Phoenix Criteria Sepsis and Septic Shock among Children.","authors":"Nathan Georgette,Kenneth Michelson,Michael Monuteaux,Matthew A Eisenberg","doi":"10.1542/peds.2025-071155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2025-071155","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVESThe Phoenix criteria for pediatric sepsis and septic shock have recently been proposed for worldwide application. The Phoenix sepsis criteria are based on organ dysfunction scoring. Although many screening tools exist, their performance in predicting Phoenix outcomes is not known. We hypothesized that the quick Pediatric Septic Shock Screening Score (qPS4) would demonstrate greater sensitivity compared with the Liverpool quick Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (LqSOFA) and a commonly used 2-stage screening tool created at Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP).METHODSWe performed a secondary analysis of the qPS4 validation set data from a retrospective cohort study of pediatric emergency department patients with suspected infection. The exposure was a positive screen prior to outcome occurring. We calculated the predictive characteristics of qPS4, LqSOFA, and CHOP for Phoenix sepsis and septic shock within 24 hours of arrival.RESULTSWe analyzed 47 176 encounters. Within 24 hours of arrival to the ED, 628 (1.3%) met criteria for sepsis and 228 (0.5%) met criteria for septic shock. The qPS4 predicted sepsis with 67.8% sensitivity and 89.6% specificity compared with LqSOFA (sensitivity 47.0%, specificity 95.7%) and the CHOP screen (sensitivity 49.7%, specificity 92.1%) (P < .05 for all compared to qPS4). The qPS4 predicted septic shock with 85.5% sensitivity and 89.0% specificity compared with LqSOFA (sensitivity 59.2%, specificity 95.2%) and the 2-stage CHOP screen (sensitivity 64.9%, specificity 91.5%) (P < .05 for all compared to qPS4).CONCLUSIONSThe qPS4 predicted Phoenix sepsis and septic shock with greater sensitivity and clinically similar specificity compared with widely used bedside tools.","PeriodicalId":20028,"journal":{"name":"Pediatrics","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143885527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Variability of Clinician Recommendations for Oseltamivir in Children Hospitalized With Influenza. 奥司他韦在流感住院儿童中临床医生推荐的可变性

IF 8 2区医学

Pediatrics Pub Date : 2025-04-25 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2024-069111

Hannah K Bassett,Suchitra Rao,Jimmy Beck,Patrick W Brady,Ravi Jhaveri,Torsten Joerger,Danni Liang,Ricardo Quinonez,Alaina Shine,Joanna Malec,Brian P Lucas,Alan R Schroeder

{"title":"Variability of Clinician Recommendations for Oseltamivir in Children Hospitalized With Influenza.","authors":"Hannah K Bassett,Suchitra Rao,Jimmy Beck,Patrick W Brady,Ravi Jhaveri,Torsten Joerger,Danni Liang,Ricardo Quinonez,Alaina Shine,Joanna Malec,Brian P Lucas,Alan R Schroeder","doi":"10.1542/peds.2024-069111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2024-069111","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVESAlthough national recommendations advise antivirals for all hospitalized children with influenza, this recommendation is not supported by high-quality evidence like a randomized clinical trial, and recent data suggest nonadherence to guidelines. Our objective was to describe clinician treatment preferences for oseltamivir in hospitalized children.METHODSThis cross-sectional survey of pediatricians from 5 specialties was conducted at 7 US children's hospitals from March to June 2024. Four clinical vignettes meeting 2023 American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) criteria for antiviral treatment were included. Our primary outcome was the average proportion of vignettes for which respondents recommended oseltamivir.RESULTSOf 1841 invited participants, 787 (42.7%) completed surveys. Participants were likely to recommend oseltamivir for 49.5% (95% CI, 47.0%-51.9%) of cases; this varied by site from 43.5% to 64.2% and by specialty from 41.6% (hospital medicine) to 70.9% (infectious disease). Longer duration of symptoms and less oxygen support significantly decreased the likelihood of recommending oseltamivir. Awareness of AAP recommendations increased the likelihood of recommending treatment, although aware respondents did not recommend treatment in 38% of cases. Most respondents (87.4%) believed a randomized trial of oseltamivir in hospitalized children was moderately to extremely important.CONCLUSIONSOur results demonstrate nonadherence to national recommendations and variability in oseltamivir treatment for children hospitalized with influenza, indicating uncertainty and disagreement regarding which patients benefit from antivirals. A randomized controlled trial of oseltamivir in hospitalized children is needed to help strengthen current influenza treatment recommendations and inform clinicians of treatment benefit in specific pediatric populations.","PeriodicalId":20028,"journal":{"name":"Pediatrics","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143876447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Safety of LAIV Vaccination in Asthma or Wheeze: A Systematic Review and GRADE Assessment. 哮喘或哮喘患者接种LAIV疫苗的安全性：系统评价和分级评估。

IF 8 2区医学

Pediatrics Pub Date : 2025-04-24 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2024-068459

Allyn Bandell,Lucia Giles,Penélope Cervelo Bouzo,Gillian C Sibbring,Jon Maniaci,Henry Wojtczak,Andrew G Sokolow

{"title":"Safety of LAIV Vaccination in Asthma or Wheeze: A Systematic Review and GRADE Assessment.","authors":"Allyn Bandell,Lucia Giles,Penélope Cervelo Bouzo,Gillian C Sibbring,Jon Maniaci,Henry Wojtczak,Andrew G Sokolow","doi":"10.1542/peds.2024-068459","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2024-068459","url":null,"abstract":"CONTEXTThe US Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices states a contraindication for live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) use in children aged 2 to 4 years with asthma or recurrent wheeze plus a precaution, defined as defer vaccine use, in those aged >5 years with asthma.OBJECTIVEWe assessed the certainty of evidence on the safety of LAIV vs inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV) or no vaccine, or before vs after LAIV, in eligible individuals with asthma and/or wheeze.DATA SOURCESEmbase, MEDLINE, CCTR, and CDSR were searched for eligible studies (database inception to August 27, 2024) via Ovid/Elsevier.STUDY SELECTIONScreening (title/abstract and full text) and data extraction were performed by a single reviewer; an independent reviewer screened 10%. Risk of bias (ROB) was assessed using ROB2 and ROBINS-I. Evidence certainty was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) framework.RESULTSSearches yielded 24 eligible studies (28 publications); 15 comparative studies were included in the GRADE assessment. No difference in patient-reported safety outcomes was reported in 86.7% of studies comparing LAIV and IIV (all ages and disease severities; \"very low\" to \"moderate\" certainty evidence). A higher instance of rhinitis and a lower incidence of inpatient/emergency department visits and wheezing were reported after LAIV vs IIV. Evidence was mostly downgraded for ROB, imprecision, and indirectness. Similar results were observed for all comparisons.LIMITATIONSThe heterogeneity of identified outcomes precluded a meta-analysis.CONCLUSIONSThis suggests comparable safety outcomes with LAIV vs IIV in persons with asthma and/or recurrent wheeze, irrespective of disease severity.","PeriodicalId":20028,"journal":{"name":"Pediatrics","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143872084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

LAIV Use for Children With Asthma or Recurrent Wheeze: Time to Move the Needle? LAIV用于哮喘或反复喘息儿童：是时候动针了？

IF 8 2区医学

Pediatrics Pub Date : 2025-04-24 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2024-070120

Annika M Hofstetter,Melissa S Stockwell,Kristina A Bryant

引用次数: 0

USAID's Role in Saving Children's Lives: Past Legacy and Future Directions. 美国国际开发署在拯救儿童生命中的作用：过去的遗产和未来的方向。

IF 8 2区医学

Pediatrics Pub Date : 2025-04-24 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2025-071260

Alexandra L Coria,Brian Wahl,Naveen Thacker,Rachel Vreeman,Liesl Zühlke

引用次数: 0

Hypothermia and Adverse Outcomes in Very Preterm Infants: A Systematic Review. 低温和极早产儿的不良后果：一项系统综述。

IF 8 2区医学

Pediatrics Pub Date : 2025-04-23 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2024-069668

Marije Hogeveen,Lotty Hooft,Wes Onland

{"title":"Hypothermia and Adverse Outcomes in Very Preterm Infants: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Marije Hogeveen,Lotty Hooft,Wes Onland","doi":"10.1542/peds.2024-069668","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2024-069668","url":null,"abstract":"CONTEXTHypothermia after very preterm birth, typically defined as a temperature less than 36 °C, is variably linked to neonatal mortality and morbidities.OBJECTIVETo examine the association between admission hypothermia and adverse outcomes in very preterm infants with a gestational age (GA) of less than 32 weeks.DATA SOURCESCENTRAL, MEDLINE, and Embase from inception to February 18, 2024.STUDY SELECTIONObservational or randomized designs reporting on the association between admission temperature and adverse outcomes in very preterm infants.DATA EXTRACTIONTwo reviewers screened abstracts and full texts, extracted the data, and assessed the risk of bias, following Meta-analysis Of Observational Studies in Epidemiology /Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. We planned to perform random-effects meta-analyses, subgroup (GA, birthweight [BW], and income), sensitivity analysis (NOS, study type), and meta-regression (GA, BW). Outcomes included mortality and neonatal morbidities: bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH), necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), retinopathy (ROP), and sepsis.RESULTSThis review included 32 studies with >300 000 infants. The mean hypothermia rate was 42% (range 14%-88%). Hypothermia was associated with increased mortality (crude odds ratio [cOR] [95% CI] 2.02[1.84;2.21]; adjusted OR 1.55[1.29;1.87]). Subgroup and sensitivity analyses upheld these results. Meta-regression analysis showed an inversed relationship between effect size and BW. Hypothermia was associated with higher risks of BPD (cOR 1.13[1.01;1.27]), IVH (cOR 1.37[1.17;1.61]), ROP (cOR 1.55[1.41;1.69]), and sepsis (cOR 1.32[1.16;1.51]).LIMITATIONSOnly observational studies were included.CONCLUSIONSHypothermia is associated with increased mortality and morbidity in very preterm infants. The strength of this association may be influenced by BW, definitions of hypothermia and outcomes, and exclusion criteria. Given the robustness of our results and our sample size, identical cohort studies might not provide different insights.","PeriodicalId":20028,"journal":{"name":"Pediatrics","volume":"69 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143866196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0