IF 8 2区医学

Pediatrics Pub Date : 2025-05-19 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2024-070312

Alyssa F Harlow,Dae-Hee Han,Junhan Cho,Dayoung Bae,Abigail Adjei,Adam M Leventhal,Jessica L Barrington-Trimis

{"title":"Oral Nicotine Product Use and Vaping Progression Among Adolescents.","authors":"Alyssa F Harlow,Dae-Hee Han,Junhan Cho,Dayoung Bae,Abigail Adjei,Adam M Leventhal,Jessica L Barrington-Trimis","doi":"10.1542/peds.2024-070312","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2024-070312","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVESUse of flavored oral nicotine products (ONPs), including nicotine pouches and other ONPs (eg, gums and lozenges) is increasing among adolescents who use e-cigarettes (ie, vape). It is unknown whether ONP use is associated with vaping behaviors.METHODSWe used data from 6 semiannual waves of a prospective cohort of Southern California adolescents (2021-2024). Among participants who used e-cigarettes in the past 6 months at waves 1-5 (n = 703; mean age = 16 years), we examined the time-varying and time-lagged association of ONP use (any ONP, nicotine pouch, other ONPs [eg, gum or lozenges]) at waves 1-5 with subsequent vaping persistence and frequency 6 months later at waves 2-6.RESULTSAcross a total of 1173 observations, there were 277(23.7%) observations of any past 6-month ONP use (17.4% nicotine pouch and 21.3% other ONPs). Past 6-month use (vs nonuse) of any ONP (risk ratio [RR] = 0.75; 95% CI, 0.62-0.91), nicotine pouches (RR = 0.43; 95% CI:, 0.32-0.58), and other ONPs (RR = 0.72; 95% CI, 0.59-0.89) was associated with lower likelihood of subsequent vaping persistence. Use of nicotine pouches was also inversely associated with past 30-day vaping frequency at follow-up (incidence rate ratio = 0.43; 95% CI, 0.26-0.72). In secondary analyses (examining ONP use in the past 30 days and restricted to youth reporting past 30-day e-cigarette use at exposure waves), only inverse associations of nicotine pouch use with vaping persistence remained.CONCLUSIONSYouth nicotine pouch use was associated with a lower likelihood of continued vaping and lower vaping frequency 6 months later. ONP use might not increase vaping, and nicotine pouches may serve as a partial nicotine substitute for youth who vape.","PeriodicalId":20028,"journal":{"name":"Pediatrics","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144087488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Oral Nicotine Products, Nicotine Pouches, and Adolescent Vaping: A Public Health Perspective. 口服尼古丁产品、尼古丁袋和青少年电子烟：公共健康观点。

IF 8 2区医学

Pediatrics Pub Date : 2025-05-19 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2025-070742

Brian P Jenssen,Deepa Camenga

引用次数: 0

Advancing, Graduating, and Attesting Readiness of Pediatrics Residents With Concerns. 儿科住院医师的进步、毕业和证明。

IF 8 2区医学

Pediatrics Pub Date : 2025-05-16 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2025-070594

Daniel J Schumacher,Benjamin Kinnear,Patricia Poitevien,Robert Daulton,Ariel S Winn

{"title":"Advancing, Graduating, and Attesting Readiness of Pediatrics Residents With Concerns.","authors":"Daniel J Schumacher,Benjamin Kinnear,Patricia Poitevien,Robert Daulton,Ariel S Winn","doi":"10.1542/peds.2025-070594","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2025-070594","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVEDetermine the prevalence of advancing and graduating residents with concerns as well as attesting readiness to the American Board of Pediatrics for residents not deemed ready at graduation among pediatric program directors.METHODSSurveys were sent to pediatric program directors from July to September 2024 to explore their experiences of graduating residents for whom they had concerns, graduating residents they would not trust to care for their loved ones, attesting readiness to the American Board of Pediatrics despite concerns, and advancing residents from 1 year to another despite having concerns.RESULTS117/208 (56%) program directors completed the survey. A total 79% (93/117) reported graduating at least one resident despite having concerns about doing so. Fewer (43%, 50/117) had graduated at least one resident they would not trust to care for their loved one. Fewer, 26% (31/117), reported attesting to readiness for a resident to sit for the American Board of Pediatrics initial certification exam despite concerns regarding the resident's ability to practice without supervision as a general pediatrician. Finally, 79% (92/117) reported advancing at least one resident from one training year to the next despite concerns regarding the resident's ability to take on additional responsibility.CONCLUSIONThese findings add to a growing literature raising concerns about the readiness of some residency graduates to meet the needs of patients. While program directors served as the source of information in this study, collective responsibility for both the issues presented and the ownership in addressing them are wide ranging.","PeriodicalId":20028,"journal":{"name":"Pediatrics","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144065646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ensuring the Readiness of All Residency Graduates. 确保所有住院医师毕业生做好准备。

IF 8 2区医学

Pediatrics Pub Date : 2025-05-16 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2025-070862

Susan Guralnick

引用次数: 0

Large Language Models to Summarize Pediatric Admission Notes Into Plain Language. 大型语言模型将儿科住院笔记总结为简单的语言。

IF 8 2区医学

Pediatrics Pub Date : 2025-05-16 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2024-069515

Cris G Ebby,Gabriel Tse,Jessica Bethel,Qianqian Zhao,Danielle M Gerber,Michelle M Kelly

引用次数: 0

Risk Factor Effects on Neurodevelopment at 2 Years in Very Preterm Children: A Systematic Review. 危险因素对2岁极早产儿神经发育的影响：一项系统综述。

IF 8 2区医学

Pediatrics Pub Date : 2025-05-15 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2024-069565

Samuel B Axford,Alice C Burnett,Abdulbasit M Seid,Peter J Anderson,Jamie L Waterland,Courtney P Gilchrist,Joy E Olsen,Thi-Nhu-Ngoc Nguyen,Lex W Doyle,Jeanie L Y Cheong

{"title":"Risk Factor Effects on Neurodevelopment at 2 Years in Very Preterm Children: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Samuel B Axford,Alice C Burnett,Abdulbasit M Seid,Peter J Anderson,Jamie L Waterland,Courtney P Gilchrist,Joy E Olsen,Thi-Nhu-Ngoc Nguyen,Lex W Doyle,Jeanie L Y Cheong","doi":"10.1542/peds.2024-069565","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2024-069565","url":null,"abstract":"CONTEXTVarious medical and social factors are associated with adverse neurodevelopment in children born very preterm. Analyses accounting for confounders involving representative samples are essential to quantify the effects of different factors.OBJECTIVEWe aimed to systematically review the effects of various risk factors on neurodevelopmental impairment (NDI) at 18 to 36 months of age in children born before 32 weeks' gestation.DATA SOURCESOvid MEDLINE, Embase, and PubMed were searched for articles up through April 29, 2024.STUDY SELECTIONWe used geographic or network population cohort studies of children born after January 1, 1990 at less than 32 completed weeks' gestation reporting risk factors and NDI measures at 18 to 36 months old. Studies including less than 50 children, not addressing confounders in the analysis, or comprising nonrepresentative samples were excluded.DATA EXTRACTIONStudy characteristics, population characteristics, exposure and outcome definitions, effect sizes, and covariates were extracted.RESULTSOf 18 012 studies screened, 51 were eligible. Brain injury (intraventricular hemorrhage grade III or IV and/or periventricular leukomalacia) had the highest adjusted odds of moderate-to-severe NDI and its main contributors (moderate-to-severe cognitive or language delay and moderate-to-severe cerebral palsy), followed by neonatal seizures and retinopathy of prematurity (≥stage 3, \"threshold disease\" or \"treated\"). Small for gestational age exhibited inconsistent effects, whereas lower maternal age exhibited no effect on the outcomes included.LIMITATIONSThis included an inability to meta-analyze due to factor and outcome definition heterogeneity.CONCLUSIONSThis review illustrates the extent to which risk factors influence the odds of NDI in children born very preterm, finding neurologic morbidities confer the highest risk. We highlight the need for consistent factor and outcome definitions.","PeriodicalId":20028,"journal":{"name":"Pediatrics","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143982474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Persistent Biventricular Cardiac Dysfunction Following a Large, Acute Metformin Overdose. 大量急性二甲双胍过量后持续性双室心功能不全。

IF 8 2区医学

Pediatrics Pub Date : 2025-05-15 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2024-068939

Danae Massengill,Maria Fouad Abou Nader,Ryan Good,George Sam Wang

引用次数: 0

Implementing a Clinical-Community Program to Address Menstrual Poverty: An Advocacy Case Study. 实施临床-社区方案解决经期贫困：倡导案例研究。

IF 8 2区医学

Pediatrics Pub Date : 2025-05-14 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2024-068710

Natalie Wichelt,Kimberly Montez,Reyna Osorio,Riley Roberts,Ivy Greene,Gabriela de la Vega,Callie L Brown

{"title":"Implementing a Clinical-Community Program to Address Menstrual Poverty: An Advocacy Case Study.","authors":"Natalie Wichelt,Kimberly Montez,Reyna Osorio,Riley Roberts,Ivy Greene,Gabriela de la Vega,Callie L Brown","doi":"10.1542/peds.2024-068710","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2024-068710","url":null,"abstract":"Menstrual poverty occurs when inadequate access to menstrual hygiene education or financial hardship creates difficulties in sufficiently accessing menstrual hygiene products, which results in adverse outcomes for emotional well-being, school attendance, and health autonomy. The American Academy of Pediatrics recently endorsed a position statement to eliminate menstrual poverty in adolescents and young adults (AYAs). However, few community-clinical collaborations exist in the literature that addresses menstrual poverty. We introduced a novel menstrual poverty screening tool in April 2022 at 1 academic pediatric clinic at all female AYA well visits. We partnered with a local advocacy organization, the Triad of North Carolina chapter of The Period Project, to create packets containing menstrual hygiene supplies. Those with positive screens were given the option of receiving a menstrual supply packet at the time of visit. Narrative feedback was obtained to evaluate for project feasibility and acceptability from AYA participants who screened positive for menstrual poverty and from clinic staff participating in screening or providing menstrual supply packets. Themes included (1) menstrual poverty as a problem in the community, (2) necessity of addressing and normalizing menstrual poverty at every AYA well visit, (3) medical and mental health consequences of menstrual poverty, and (4) suggestions to improve the clinical-community program. We found that a clinical program addressing menstrual poverty through partnership with a community-based advocacy organization was acceptable among patients and providers. Additional research is needed to determine effectiveness of a clinical-community program addressing menstrual poverty.","PeriodicalId":20028,"journal":{"name":"Pediatrics","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143945300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Consensus Recommendations for Sustainable and Equitable Neonatology Staffing: A Delphi Approach. 可持续和公平的新生儿人员配置的共识建议：德尔菲方法。

IF 8 2区医学

Pediatrics Pub Date : 2025-05-14 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2024-069943

Milenka Cuevas Guaman,Christine E Bishop,Emily R Miller,Christiane E L Dammann,Kaashif A Ahmad,Eric Horowitz,Mark Hudak,Satyan Lakshminrusimha,Patrick J McNamara,Mark R Mercurio,Marielle Nguyen,De-Ann M Pillers,Robin H Steinhorn,Annemarie Stroustrup,Kerri Z Machut

{"title":"Consensus Recommendations for Sustainable and Equitable Neonatology Staffing: A Delphi Approach.","authors":"Milenka Cuevas Guaman,Christine E Bishop,Emily R Miller,Christiane E L Dammann,Kaashif A Ahmad,Eric Horowitz,Mark Hudak,Satyan Lakshminrusimha,Patrick J McNamara,Mark R Mercurio,Marielle Nguyen,De-Ann M Pillers,Robin H Steinhorn,Annemarie Stroustrup,Kerri Z Machut","doi":"10.1542/peds.2024-069943","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2024-069943","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVEThe specialty of neonatology faces significant and growing challenges related to patient safety, physician well-being, and workforce sustainability that highlight the necessity for innovative work models. Our objective was to develop consensus recommendations to improve neonatologist staffing practices in the United States.METHODSWe used a modified Delphi process with 32 diverse subject-matter expert stakeholders to reach consensus. We derived 60 initial potential recommendations for improved staffing from the literature and our 2 previous studies of physician leaders. We defined consensus as 80% or higher agreement and strong consensus as 90% or higher agreement. We ultimately eliminated statements that achieved less than 80% consensus from the recommendations.RESULTSFifty-one individual statements reached consensus and were grouped into 24 final recommendations to improve neonatology staffing. Topics of focus included clinical allocations (eg, clinic work is counted in hours/year), shift characteristics (eg, clinical work after 24 hours is minimized), allocation of nonclinical work (eg, nonclinical work is accounted for in full-time equivalent), and staffing flexibility (eg, options to restructure clinical work are provided for specific circumstances such as aging and pregnancy). Significant discussion on many statements focused on ensuring that recommendations were both feasible and not overly prescriptive for individual institutions.CONCLUSIONSWe reached consensus on a set of neonatologist staffing recommendations that emphasize the critical issues related to patient safety and physician well-being. Future work will focus on advocating for widespread implementation of these recommendations and evaluating their effect on patient safety, physician well-being, and sustainability of the neonatal workforce.","PeriodicalId":20028,"journal":{"name":"Pediatrics","volume":"132 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143945309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pediatrician Characteristics Associated With Rural Practice and Retention: 2012-2023. 与农村实践和保留相关的儿科医生特征：2012-2023。

IF 8 2区医学

Pediatrics Pub Date : 2025-05-13 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2025-070705

Elizabeth A Gottschlich,Mary Pat Frintner,Kristin N Ray,Laurel K Leslie,Lynn M Olson

引用次数: 0

Pediatrics最新文献