PharmacogenomicsPub Date : 2024-03-01Epub Date: 2024-03-21DOI: 10.2217/pgs-2023-0243
Danyi Wang, Jayaprakasam Bolleddula, Anna Coenen-Stass, Thomas Grombacher, Jennifer Q Dong, Juergen Scheuenpflug, Giuseppe Locatelli, Zheng Feng
{"title":"Implementation of whole-exome sequencing for pharmacogenomics profiling and exploring its potential clinical utilities.","authors":"Danyi Wang, Jayaprakasam Bolleddula, Anna Coenen-Stass, Thomas Grombacher, Jennifer Q Dong, Juergen Scheuenpflug, Giuseppe Locatelli, Zheng Feng","doi":"10.2217/pgs-2023-0243","DOIUrl":"10.2217/pgs-2023-0243","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Whole-exome sequencing (WES) is widely used in clinical settings; however, the exploration of its use in pharmacogenomic analysis remains limited. Our study compared the variant callings for 28 core absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination genes by WES and array-based technology using clinical trials samples. The results revealed that WES had a positive predictive value of 0.71-0.92 and a sensitivity of single-nucleotide variants between 0.68 and 0.95, compared with array-based technology, for the variants in the commonly targeted regions of the WES and PhamacoScan™ assay. Besides the common variants detected by both assays, WES identified 200-300 exclusive variants per sample, totalling 55 annotated exclusive variants, including important modulators of metabolism such as rs2032582 (<i>ABCB1</i>) and rs72547527 (<i>SULT1A1</i>). This study highlights the potential clinical advantages of using WES to identify a wider range of genetic variations and enabling precision medicine.</p>","PeriodicalId":20018,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacogenomics","volume":" ","pages":"197-206"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140175956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
PharmacogenomicsPub Date : 2024-03-01Epub Date: 2024-03-20DOI: 10.2217/pgs-2023-0189
Yael Bar-Peled, Jessica J Denton, Jaimie L Richards, Donna Brown, Elizabeth Worthey, Theresa V Strong
{"title":"Pharmacogenomics for Prader-Willi syndrome: caregiver interest and planned utilization.","authors":"Yael Bar-Peled, Jessica J Denton, Jaimie L Richards, Donna Brown, Elizabeth Worthey, Theresa V Strong","doi":"10.2217/pgs-2023-0189","DOIUrl":"10.2217/pgs-2023-0189","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Aim:</b> The study aim was to determine caregiver interest and planned utilization of pharmacogenomic (PGx) results for their child with Prader-Willi syndrome. <b>Methods:</b> Caregivers consented to PGx testing for their child and completed a survey before receiving results. <b>Results:</b> Of all caregivers (n = 48), 93.8% were highly interested in their child's upcoming PGx results. Most (97.9%) planned to share results with their child's medical providers. However, only 47.9% of caregivers were confident providers would utilize the PGx results. <b>Conclusion:</b> Caregivers are interested in utilizing PGx but are uncertain providers will use these results in their child's care. More information about provider comfort with PGx utilization is needed to understand how PGx education would benefit providers and ultimately patients with PGx results.</p>","PeriodicalId":20018,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacogenomics","volume":" ","pages":"207-216"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140175959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
PharmacogenomicsPub Date : 2024-03-01Epub Date: 2024-03-21DOI: 10.2217/pgs-2024-0026
Bani Jolly, Vinod Scaria
{"title":"Ethnic differences in pharmacogenomic variants: a south Asian perspective.","authors":"Bani Jolly, Vinod Scaria","doi":"10.2217/pgs-2024-0026","DOIUrl":"10.2217/pgs-2024-0026","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20018,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacogenomics","volume":" ","pages":"171-174"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140175955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
PharmacogenomicsPub Date : 2024-02-01Epub Date: 2024-03-05DOI: 10.2217/pgs-2023-0193
Rebekah Ryanne Wu, Richelle Benevent, Nina R Sperber, Jill S Bates, Daniel Villa, Dilhan Weeraratne, Timothy A Burrell, Deepak Voora
{"title":"Workforce readiness for pharmacogenomics and key elements for sustainment within the Veterans Health Administration.","authors":"Rebekah Ryanne Wu, Richelle Benevent, Nina R Sperber, Jill S Bates, Daniel Villa, Dilhan Weeraratne, Timothy A Burrell, Deepak Voora","doi":"10.2217/pgs-2023-0193","DOIUrl":"10.2217/pgs-2023-0193","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Aim:</b> Understanding barriers and facilitators to pharmacogenomics (PGx) implementation and how to structure a clinical program with the Veterans Health Administration (VA). <b>Materials & methods:</b> Healthcare provider (HCP) survey at 20 VA facilities assessing PGx knowledge/acceptance and qualitative interviews to understand how best to design and sustain a national program. <b>Results:</b> 186 (12% response rate) surveyed believed PGx informs drug efficacy (74.7%) and adverse events (71.0%). Low confidence in knowledge (43.0%) and ability to implement (35.4-43.5%). 23 (60.5% response rate) interviewees supported a nationally program to oversee VA education, consultation and IT resources. Prescribing HCPs should be directing local activities. <b>Conclusion:</b> HCPs recognize PGx value but are not prepared to implement. Healthcare systems should build system-wide programs for implementation education and support.</p>","PeriodicalId":20018,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacogenomics","volume":" ","pages":"133-145"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10964838/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140028675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
PharmacogenomicsPub Date : 2024-02-01Epub Date: 2024-03-20DOI: 10.2217/pgs-2023-0229
Ana I Lopez-Medina, Alessandra M Campos-Staffico, Choudhary Anwar A Chahal, Isabella Volkers, Juliet P Jacoby, Omer Berenfeld, Jasmine A Luzum
{"title":"Genetic risk factors for drug-induced long QT syndrome: findings from a large real-world case-control study.","authors":"Ana I Lopez-Medina, Alessandra M Campos-Staffico, Choudhary Anwar A Chahal, Isabella Volkers, Juliet P Jacoby, Omer Berenfeld, Jasmine A Luzum","doi":"10.2217/pgs-2023-0229","DOIUrl":"10.2217/pgs-2023-0229","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Aim:</b> Drug-induced long QT syndrome (diLQTS), an adverse effect of many drugs, can lead to sudden cardiac death. Candidate genetic variants in cardiac ion channels have been associated with diLQTS, but several limitations of previous studies hamper clinical utility. <b>Materials & methods:</b> Thus, the purpose of this study was to assess the associations of <i>KCNE1</i>-D85N, <i>KCNE2</i>-I57T and <i>SCN5A</i>-G615E with diLQTS in a large observational case-control study (6,083 self-reported white patients treated with 27 different high-risk QT-prolonging medications; 12.0% with diLQTS). <b>Results:</b> <i>KCNE1</i>-D85N significantly associated with diLQTS (adjusted odds ratio: 2.24 [95% CI: 1.35-3.58]; p = 0.001). Given low minor allele frequencies, the study had insufficient power to analyze <i>KCNE2</i>-I57T and <i>SCN5A</i>-G615E. <b>Conclusion:</b> <i>KCNE1</i>-D85N is a risk factor for diLQTS that should be considered in future clinical practice guidelines.</p>","PeriodicalId":20018,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacogenomics","volume":"25 3","pages":"117-131"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10964839/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140175960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The genomic landscape of <i>CYP2D6</i> variation in the Indian population.","authors":"Ambily Sivadas, Surabhi Rathore, S Sahana, Bani Jolly, Rahul C Bhoyar, Abhinav Jain, Disha Sharma, Mohamed Imran, Vigneshwar Senthilvel, Mohit Kumar Divakar, Anushree Mishra, Sridhar Sivasubbu, Vinod Scaria","doi":"10.2217/pgs-2023-0233","DOIUrl":"10.2217/pgs-2023-0233","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Aim:</b> The <i>CYP2D6</i> gene is highly polymorphic, causing large interindividual variability in the metabolism of several clinically important drugs. <b>Materials & methods:</b> The authors investigated the diversity and distribution of <i>CYP2D6</i> alleles in Indians using whole genome sequences (N = 1518). Functional consequences were assessed using pathogenicity scores and molecular dynamics simulations. <b>Results:</b> The analysis revealed population-specific <i>CYP2D6</i> alleles (<i>*86</i>, <i>*7</i>, <i>*111</i>, <i>*112</i>, <i>*113</i>, <i>*99</i>) and remarkable differences in variant and phenotype frequencies with global populations. The authors observed that one in three Indians could benefit from a dose alteration for psychiatric drugs with accurate <i>CYP2D6</i> phenotyping. Molecular dynamics simulations revealed large conformational fluctuations, confirming the predicted reduced function of <i>*86</i> and <i>*113</i> alleles. <b>Conclusion:</b> The findings emphasize the utility of comprehensive <i>CYP2D6</i> profiling for aiding precision public health.</p>","PeriodicalId":20018,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacogenomics","volume":" ","pages":"147-160"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139997083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
PharmacogenomicsPub Date : 2024-02-01Epub Date: 2024-03-05DOI: 10.2217/pgs-2023-0238
Francesco Pepe, Konstantinos Venetis, Giulia Cursano, Chiara Frascarelli, Pasquale Pisapia, Davide Vacirca, Claudia Scimone, Alessandra Rappa, Gianluca Russo, Eltjona Mane, Fabio Pagni, Isabella Castellano, Giancarlo Troncone, Carmine De Angelis, Giuseppe Curigliano, Elena Guerini-Rocco, Umberto Malapelle, Nicola Fusco
{"title":"<i>PIK3CA</i> testing in hormone receptor-positive/HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer: real-world data from Italian molecular pathology laboratories.","authors":"Francesco Pepe, Konstantinos Venetis, Giulia Cursano, Chiara Frascarelli, Pasquale Pisapia, Davide Vacirca, Claudia Scimone, Alessandra Rappa, Gianluca Russo, Eltjona Mane, Fabio Pagni, Isabella Castellano, Giancarlo Troncone, Carmine De Angelis, Giuseppe Curigliano, Elena Guerini-Rocco, Umberto Malapelle, Nicola Fusco","doi":"10.2217/pgs-2023-0238","DOIUrl":"10.2217/pgs-2023-0238","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Introduction:</b> <i>PIK3CA</i> gene mutations occur in approximately 40% of hormone receptor-positive/HER2-negative (HR<sup>+</sup>/HER2<sup>-</sup>) metastatic breast cancers (MBCs), electing them to targeted therapy. Testing <i>PIK3CA</i> status is complex due to selection of biological specimen and testing method. <b>Materials & methods:</b> This work investigates real-life experience on <i>PIK3CA</i> testing in HR<sup>+</sup>/HER2<sup>-</sup> MBC. Clinical, technical and molecular data on <i>PIK3CA</i> testing were collected from two referral laboratories. Additionally, the results of a nationwide <i>PIK3CA</i> survey involving 116 institutions were assessed. <b>Results:</b> Overall, n = 35 MBCs were <i>PIK3CA</i>-mutated, with mutations mostly occurring in exons 9 (n = 19; 51.4%) and 20 (n = 15; 40.5%). The nationwide survey revealed significant variability across laboratories in terms of sampling methodology, technical assessment and clinical report signing healthcare figures for <i>PIK3CA</i> molecular testing in diagnostic routine practice. <b>Conclusion:</b> This study provides insights into the real-world routine of <i>PIK3CA</i> testing in HR<sup>+</sup>/HER2<sup>-</sup> MBC and highlights the need for standardization and networking in predictive pathology.</p>","PeriodicalId":20018,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacogenomics","volume":" ","pages":"161-169"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140028674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
PharmacogenomicsPub Date : 2024-01-01Epub Date: 2023-12-19DOI: 10.2217/pgs-2023-0228
Sarah Jones
{"title":"Overview of the year 2023 at <i>Pharmacogenomics</i>.","authors":"Sarah Jones","doi":"10.2217/pgs-2023-0228","DOIUrl":"10.2217/pgs-2023-0228","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20018,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacogenomics","volume":" ","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138807394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
PharmacogenomicsPub Date : 2024-01-01Epub Date: 2024-10-25DOI: 10.1080/14622416.2024.2409060
Alenka Šmid, Dunja Urbančič, Jaka Vrevc Žlajpah, Natalia Stollarova, Tomaž Prelog, Marko Kavčič, Janez Jazbec, Irena Mlinarič-Raščan, Nataša Karas Kuželički
{"title":"Genetic profiling of <i>NUDT15</i> in the Slovenian population.","authors":"Alenka Šmid, Dunja Urbančič, Jaka Vrevc Žlajpah, Natalia Stollarova, Tomaž Prelog, Marko Kavčič, Janez Jazbec, Irena Mlinarič-Raščan, Nataša Karas Kuželički","doi":"10.1080/14622416.2024.2409060","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14622416.2024.2409060","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Determining variant <i>TPMT</i> alleles to predict patient response to thiopurine therapy represents one of the first successful implementations of pharmacogenomics in clinical practice. However, despite the <i>TPMT</i>-adjusted thiopurine dosing, some <i>TPMT</i> wild-type patients still exhibit toxicity at standard doses. Over the past decade, the pharmacogene <i>NUDT15</i> has emerged as a significant co-modulator of thiopurine therapy. Initially, <i>NUDT15</i> was considered important predominantly in Asian populations, but recent studies have highlighted its relevance in European populations as well.To evaluate the pharmacogenetic significance of <i>NUDT15</i> in the Slovenian population, we sequenced extended regions of exon 1 and exon 3 in 109 healthy individuals and 37 patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia.We identified eight variants, including one with established clinical significance (allele *3) and one extremely rare variant (Chr13 at 48045861; GRCh38, NC_000013.11). The frequencies of most previously described variants in both the general population and in the ALL cohort were consistent with those reported in other European populations, except for rs45465203, which was less frequent in the Slovenian population. None of the variants, except for <i>NUDT15*3</i>, were associated with cumulative thiopurine doses in ALL patients. However, these variants warrant further investigation in larger ALL cohorts.</p>","PeriodicalId":20018,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacogenomics","volume":" ","pages":"515-525"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142505804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}