ACS Materials LettersPub Date : 2026-10-05Epub Date: 2026-09-17DOI: 10.1021/acsmaterialslett.6c00685
Kexin Zheng, Wenhe Yu, Yuzhe Gu, Zhe He, Xiaotian Wang, Yang Li
{"title":"Rigid Probes to Adaptive Interfaces: Overcoming the Mechanical Mismatch in High-Density Neural Electrodes","authors":"Kexin Zheng, Wenhe Yu, Yuzhe Gu, Zhe He, Xiaotian Wang, Yang Li","doi":"10.1021/acsmaterialslett.6c00685","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsmaterialslett.6c00685","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) are important for neural circuit analysis, neurological disease diagnosis and treatment, and functional restoration. Compared with non-invasive techniques, invasive intracranial electrodes provide a higher signal-to-noise ratio and spatial resolution by directly interfacing with brain tissue. This review summarizes the development and current progress of invasive neural recording electrodes and proposes a unified evaluation framework based on seven key metrics: channel count/density, spatial resolution, recording depth, signal-to-noise ratio, biocompatibility, adhesion, and long-term stability. According to their structural characteristics, planar electrodes, probe-type electrodes, and high-density electrode arrays are compared in terms of operating principles, fabrication methods, advantages, and limitations. Their applications in epilepsy evaluation, deep brain stimulation, and BCI-based neural prostheses are also reviewed. Finally, major challenges and future trends in electrode materials, device integration, and long-term neural interfacing are discussed, providing guidance for developing next-generation invasive neural interfaces with improved performance, safety, and reliability.</p>","PeriodicalId":19,"journal":{"name":"ACS Materials Letters","volume":"8 10","pages":"2825–2846"},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149093550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ACS Materials LettersPub Date : 2026-10-05Epub Date: 2026-09-08DOI: 10.1021/acsmaterialslett.6c00429
Samapti Kundu, Marnie L. Freckelton, Debika Datta, Simone Potenti, Natalie Levy, Vanessa De La Garza, Joshua R. Hancock, Crawford Drury, Jonathan K. Pokorski, Luisa De Cola, Michael G. Hadfield, R3D Consortium, Daniel Wangpraseurt
{"title":"Bioactive Nanocoatings Encode Bacterial Settlement Cues for Coral Restoration","authors":"Samapti Kundu, Marnie L. Freckelton, Debika Datta, Simone Potenti, Natalie Levy, Vanessa De La Garza, Joshua R. Hancock, Crawford Drury, Jonathan K. Pokorski, Luisa De Cola, Michael G. Hadfield, R3D Consortium, Daniel Wangpraseurt","doi":"10.1021/acsmaterialslett.6c00429","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsmaterialslett.6c00429","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Increasing larval settlement can substantially accelerate coral reef restoration by overcoming a key bottleneck in coral population recovery. Successful settlement depends on biological and chemical cues associated with microbial biofilms and crustose coralline algae that are often reduced or absent on degraded reefs. Here, we present two complementary nanocarrier strategies for delivering a single defined bacterial settlement signal, lipopolysaccharides (LPS), from hydrogel coatings applied to coral settlement surfaces. One platform presents LPS at the hydrogel surface using liposome nanoparticles, while the other encapsulates LPS in silica nanoparticles embedded in the hydrogel matrix for gradual release. Both systems increased settlement of <em>Montipora capitata</em> larvae by >5-fold compared to uncoated control surfaces. Because this approach relies on a single cue derived from cultured bacteria, it offers a potentially scalable alternative to live biofilms or complex natural extracts. These results establish a promising biomaterials strategy for enhancing coral recruitment and supporting reef restoration.</p>","PeriodicalId":19,"journal":{"name":"ACS Materials Letters","volume":"8 10","pages":"2898–2904"},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149124797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ACS Materials LettersPub Date : 2026-10-05Epub Date: 2026-09-21DOI: 10.1021/acsmaterialslett.6c00593
Alex H. Balzer, Lauren E. Mann, Rhys W. Hughes, Brent S. Sumerlin, LaShanda T.J. Korley, Thomas H. Epps, III
{"title":"Extracting Depolymerization Rates of Vinyl Polymers with Thermal Triggers via Analytical Models","authors":"Alex H. Balzer, Lauren E. Mann, Rhys W. Hughes, Brent S. Sumerlin, LaShanda T.J. Korley, Thomas H. Epps, III","doi":"10.1021/acsmaterialslett.6c00593","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsmaterialslett.6c00593","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Several depolymerization strategies have emerged as end-of-life options for polymers, such as poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), reflecting a broad design space that spans chemistries, polymer architectures, stimuli, and reaction conditions. This diversity creates a need for predictive and adaptable models that link depolymerization mechanisms to kinetics across systems. Herein, we report an analytical framework for trigger-activated, radical-unzipping depolymerizations that extracts activation, depropagation, and termination rates from thermogravimetric analysis and predicts molar mass distributions during deconstruction. The model was validated using the thermally induced depolymerization of PMMA derivatives containing either chain-end, central, or distributed trigger groups. Depropagation rates were architecturally independent, and termination behavior exhibited signatures of diffusion-limited kinetics. Furthermore, three kinetic regimes of depolymerization behavior were identified from a dimensionless parameter analysis, which enabled simplified analytical treatment. This framework provides a predictive tool for interpreting depolymerization behavior and guiding the design of circular-by-design polymers, along with scale-up of deconstruction unit operations.</p>","PeriodicalId":19,"journal":{"name":"ACS Materials Letters","volume":"8 10","pages":"2925–2933"},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149124696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ACS Materials LettersPub Date : 2026-10-05Epub Date: 2026-09-20DOI: 10.1021/acsmaterialslett.6c00687
Alexandra Outka, Winson Kuo, John Watt, Dennis Nordlund, Dongchang Chen
{"title":"Tailoring the Route toward Metastability for Mn-Based Disordered Rock Salts","authors":"Alexandra Outka, Winson Kuo, John Watt, Dennis Nordlund, Dongchang Chen","doi":"10.1021/acsmaterialslett.6c00687","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsmaterialslett.6c00687","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Metastable Mn-based disordered rock-salt (DRX) cathodes have emerged as an important class of high-performance, Ni/Co-free lithium-ion battery materials based on earth-abundant, less toxic Mn. Despite growing interest, two questions remain unresolved: how to select the optimal synthetic route toward metastability and whether a composition can access multiple distinct metastable states. Here, we address these questions using Li<sub>1.2</sub>Mn<sub>0.8</sub>O<sub>2</sub> as a model system. We show that the pathway to metastability depends on precursor sublattice compatibility: mismatched anion sublattices require more aggressive mechanochemical conditions, whereas matched sublattices enable access to the DRX phase through a milder route. Although Li<sub>1.2</sub>Mn<sub>0.8</sub>O<sub>2</sub> prepared via different routes shares matching composition and crystal structure, the resulting metastable products exhibit distinct particle size, surface area, electrochemical performance, degradation behavior, and mechanisms. This work reports an unusually mild mechanochemical route to metastable DRXs, improving scalability while highlighting synthetic pathway selection as a critical design parameter for metastable battery compounds.</p>","PeriodicalId":19,"journal":{"name":"ACS Materials Letters","volume":"8 10","pages":"2942–2948"},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149124668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ACS Materials LettersPub Date : 2026-10-05Epub Date: 2026-08-31DOI: 10.1021/acsmaterialslett.6c00713
Reguram Arumugaperumal, Amar Raj, Rakesh Puttreddy, Rajanish R. Pallerla, Rosa M. Gomila, Antonio Frontera, Abhishek Pathak, Andreas Johansson, Varpu Marjomäki, Fabien B. L. Cougnon
{"title":"Self-Assembly of Nanocubes from Small-Molecule Amphiphiles","authors":"Reguram Arumugaperumal, Amar Raj, Rakesh Puttreddy, Rajanish R. Pallerla, Rosa M. Gomila, Antonio Frontera, Abhishek Pathak, Andreas Johansson, Varpu Marjomäki, Fabien B. L. Cougnon","doi":"10.1021/acsmaterialslett.6c00713","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsmaterialslett.6c00713","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Directing the self-assembly of small organic molecules into anisotropic nanoparticles without relying on metal coordination remains a fundamental challenge. Here, we show that controlled evaporation of aqueous solutions of a small-molecule amphiphile composed of a π-conjugated aromatic core functionalized with oligo(ethylene glycol) (OEG) side chains drives the formation of nanocubes (∼300 nm edge length). Spectroscopic and microscopic characterizations suggest that these nanocubes are crystalline assemblies comprising π-stacked aromatic domains interspersed with OEG-rich regions and exhibit compliant mechanical properties comparable to those of soft polymers and biological tissues, with Young’s moduli in the range of 1.6–7.0 MPa. This work establishes structural and experimental factors responsible for the emergence of the metal-free formation of soft, shape-defined nanostructures from small-molecule amphiphiles.</p>","PeriodicalId":19,"journal":{"name":"ACS Materials Letters","volume":"8 10","pages":"2965–2971"},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149093562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ACS Materials LettersPub Date : 2026-10-05Epub Date: 2026-09-01DOI: 10.1021/acsmaterialslett.6c00342
Ardeshir Dadgar Yeganeh, Sebastian A. Hallweger, Jonas Tittel, Wim Temmerman, Shun Tokuda, Veronique Van Speybroeck, Evelyn Ploetz, Gregor Kieslich, Simon Krause
{"title":"Fine-Tuning the Pressure Response and Mechanical Properties of Azobenzene- and Stilbene-Based Zr-Metal–Organic Frameworks through Multivariate Design","authors":"Ardeshir Dadgar Yeganeh, Sebastian A. Hallweger, Jonas Tittel, Wim Temmerman, Shun Tokuda, Veronique Van Speybroeck, Evelyn Ploetz, Gregor Kieslich, Simon Krause","doi":"10.1021/acsmaterialslett.6c00342","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsmaterialslett.6c00342","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The rich chemistry of molecular framework materials enables precise control of physico-chemical properties through structural design of framework topology and underlying building blocks. Here, we demonstrate the tuning of mechanical properties in a series of mixed-linker Zr-based MOFs incorporating azobenzene- and stilbene-based linkers. We synthesized a series of highly porous mixed-linker MOFs and confirmed formation of solid-solutions with random linker mixing using hyperspectral Raman imaging and powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD). We further investigate the linker disorder in a mixed-linker system by single-crystal X-ray diffraction (SCXRD). Using high-pressure PXRD and molecular simulations, we probed the pressure response across this series and show that the bulk modulus can be finely tuned between 9 and 5 GPa by varying linker composition. This multivariate design strategy offers a versatile route to tailor the pressure response of framework materials and may enable counterintuitive mechanical properties in future systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":19,"journal":{"name":"ACS Materials Letters","volume":"8 10","pages":"2889–2897"},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149093653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ACS Materials LettersPub Date : 2026-10-05Epub Date: 2026-09-18DOI: 10.1021/acsmaterialslett.6c00769
Jun Hyeong Hong, Jae Hoon Kim, Seung-Yeul Lee, Ha Yeon Park, Sin A Park, Han Sang Kim, Bumhee Lim, Jae-Eon Lee, So Yeon Jeong, Yong Hyun Jeon, Tae Jeong Oh, Jaewook Lee, Sungwhan An
{"title":"Phosphatidylserine-Engineered Lipid Nanoparticles Enable Systemic mRNA Delivery to the Central Nervous System","authors":"Jun Hyeong Hong, Jae Hoon Kim, Seung-Yeul Lee, Ha Yeon Park, Sin A Park, Han Sang Kim, Bumhee Lim, Jae-Eon Lee, So Yeon Jeong, Yong Hyun Jeon, Tae Jeong Oh, Jaewook Lee, Sungwhan An","doi":"10.1021/acsmaterialslett.6c00769","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsmaterialslett.6c00769","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Intravenously administered lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) predominantly accumulate in the liver, limiting mRNA delivery to extrahepatic tissues, particularly the central nervous system (CNS). Here, we report a ligand-free strategy for systemic CNS delivery using phosphatidylserine (PS, 1 mol %)-engineered LNPs, in which cholesterol is replaced with protopanaxadiol (PPD) or ginsenoside Rg2. Following intravenous administration of <em>luciferase</em> mRNA, in vivo and ex vivo bioluminescence imaging demonstrated robust protein expression in both the brain and spinal cord with PS-containing LNPs, whereas PS-free formulations showed minimal CNS-associated expression. Increasing PS content from 1 to 4 mol % reduced brain expression while enhancing splenic accumulation, revealing PS-dependent regulation of LNP biodistribution. These findings establish low-level PS incorporation as a tunable strategy for systemic mRNA delivery to the CNS and provide a potential platform for CNS-targeted nucleic acid therapeutics.</p>","PeriodicalId":19,"journal":{"name":"ACS Materials Letters","volume":"8 10","pages":"2972–2979"},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149093632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Controlled Branching of Organic Microcrystals: Branching Rules, Effective Screening, and Advanced Photonic Functions","authors":"Yihui Zhu, Haina Feng, Qimiao Li, Zuofang Feng, Yanqiu Sun, Yilong Lei","doi":"10.1021/acsmaterialslett.6c00334","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsmaterialslett.6c00334","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Hierarchically branched microcrystals from π-conjugated compounds represent prominent advances toward intricate microstructures yet systematic studies on branching remain lacking, hindering the elucidation of general rules and structural control. Herein, we address this gap by establishing a generalizable strategy for controlled branching in cavity-adaptive cocrystals assembled from a distyrylbenzene host and three guests. Simply modulating supersaturation during co-assembly drives morphological evolution from straight microribbons to crossed and hierarchical branched architectures. Combined structural and kinetic analyses reveal the underlying branching rules/mechanism, which are further validated across different material systems. This approach transforms branching control from empirical trial-and-error into a predictable process, enabling effective screening of diverse branched libraries. Notably, despite intricate morphologies, the branched microcrystals retain amplified spontaneous emission performance comparable to their unbranched counterparts. Our findings provide mechanistic insights into branching formation and offer a rational pathway toward predictive design of functional organic branched microcrystals.</p>","PeriodicalId":19,"journal":{"name":"ACS Materials Letters","volume":"8 10","pages":"2880–2888"},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149093629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ACS Materials LettersPub Date : 2026-10-05Epub Date: 2026-09-18DOI: 10.1021/acsmaterialslett.6c00911
François-Xavier Coudert
{"title":"Synthesizability: The Open Question in Digital MOF Discovery","authors":"François-Xavier Coudert","doi":"10.1021/acsmaterialslett.6c00911","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsmaterialslett.6c00911","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The growing number of hypothetical metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) has created a need for reliable methods to identify candidates that can be synthesized experimentally. This Viewpoint examines current computational approaches to the evaluation of MOF synthesizability, grouping them into thermodynamic, strain- and mechanics-based, and data-driven methods. Thermodynamic studies evaluate formation enthalpies or free energies, stability relative to competing phases, and can include solvent effects. Structural approaches quantify linker deformation and mechanical stability as a proxy for viability of a hypothetical structure. Data-driven machine learning models use geometric, topological, or chemical relationships to known materials as a way to estimate synthesizability. We review the recent advances of these approaches, their strengths and their limitations, noting that at the present time, there is no silver bullet to solve this open challenge. Future progress will require combining complementary methods and using consistent experimental data to refine computational models and allow the identification of candidates for synthesis in screening studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":19,"journal":{"name":"ACS Materials Letters","volume":"8 10","pages":"2874–2879"},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149124661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ACS Materials LettersPub Date : 2026-10-05Epub Date: 2026-09-10DOI: 10.1021/acsmaterialslett.6c00529
Peter Sutter, Badri Narayanan, Avinash M. Dongare, Cristian V. Ciobanu, Eli Sutter
{"title":"Transient Surface Faceting, Near-Surface Layering, and Atomic Ordering in Au1-xGex Binary Alloy Melts","authors":"Peter Sutter, Badri Narayanan, Avinash M. Dongare, Cristian V. Ciobanu, Eli Sutter","doi":"10.1021/acsmaterialslett.6c00529","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsmaterialslett.6c00529","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The behavior of molten metals is relevant to the science of crystallization and to technological processes spanning from soldering to environmental chemistry and crystal growth. In all these contexts, the near-surface structure and composition of the melt are particularly important. Here, we investigate binary Au-Ge alloys in the liquid state and upon crystallization. <em>In situ</em> electron microscopy on nanoscale Au-Ge drops shows ubiquitous transient surface faceting in the liquid state, where facet sizes increase with Ge content. Freezing of such drops involves surface-induced crystallization templated by the facets. Simulations demonstrate the formation of a Au/Ge bilayer with periodic atom arrangements at the melt surface. During freezing, these surface motifs guide crystallization in the bulk. The results identify distinct near-surface structures of alloy melts characterized by layering and segregation, which can direct crystallization of the melt as well as nucleation and growth of other crystals at the surface of the molten metal.</p>","PeriodicalId":19,"journal":{"name":"ACS Materials Letters","volume":"8 10","pages":"2912–2917"},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149124687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}