Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Value of Nutritional Screening Tools Versus Anthropometric Measurements in Evaluating Nutritional Status of Children in a Low/Middle-Income Country.","authors":"Shaimaa Sayed,&nbsp;Mortada H F El-Shabrawi,&nbsp;Eman Abdelmonaem,&nbsp;Nehal El Koofy,&nbsp;Sara Tarek","doi":"10.5223/pghn.2023.26.4.213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5223/pghn.2023.26.4.213","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Pediatric patients in low-income countries are at a high risk of malnutrition. Numerous screening tools have been developed to detect the risk of malnutrition, including the Subjective Global Nutritional Assessment (SGNA), Pediatric Yorkhill Malnutrition Score (PYMS), Screening Tool for the Assessment of Malnutrition in Pediatrics (STAMP), and Screening Tool for Risk of Nutritional Status and Growth (STRONGkids). However, anthropometry remains the main tool for assessing malnutrition. We aimed to identify the value of four nutritional screening tools versus anthropometry for evaluating the nutritional status of children.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a cross-sectional study of 1,000 children aged 1-12 years who visited the outpatient clinic of Cairo University Pediatric Hospital. Each participant was evaluated using anthropometric measurements (weight, length/height, and weight for length/height) as well as the PYMS, STAMP, STRONGkids, and SGNA screening tools. The sensitivities and specificities of these four tools were assessed using anthropometry as the gold standard.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the patients, 1.7% were underweight, 10.2% were wasted, and 35% were stunted. STRONGkids demonstrated the highest sensitivity (79.4%) and a high specificity (80.2%) for detecting malnutrition compared with weight for height, followed by STAMP, which demonstrated lower sensitivity (73.5%) but higher specificity (81.4%). PYMS demonstrated the lowest sensitivity (66.7%) and the highest specificity (93.5%), whereas SAGA demonstrated higher sensitivity (77.5%) and lower specificity (85.4%) than PYMS.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The use of nutritional screening tools to evaluate the nutritional status of children is valuable and recommended as a simple and rapid method for identifying the risk of malnutrition in pediatric patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":19989,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition","volume":"26 4","pages":"213-223"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/90/b5/pghn-26-213.PMC10356972.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9865160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proven Cytomegalovirus Colitis Associated with Dasatinib Administration in Two Pediatric Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Recipients.","authors":"Jeong Min Kim,&nbsp;Hyun Mi Kang,&nbsp;In Hyuk Yoo,&nbsp;Dong-Gun Lee,&nbsp;Nack-Gyun Chung,&nbsp;Bin Cho","doi":"10.5223/pghn.2023.26.4.224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5223/pghn.2023.26.4.224","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding is a rare adverse event of dasatinib, which is known to be caused by dasatinib-induced colitis, severe thrombocytopenia, and platelet dysfunction. We present two cases of pediatric patients who developed hematochezia during treatment with dasatinib after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). A colonic tissue biopsy was performed to differentiate the cause of GI bleeding. Both patients were diagnosed with proven cytomegalovirus (CMV) colitis, but only one was treated with ganciclovir. The patient who did not receive antiviral therapy experienced recurrent GI bleeding during dasatinib administration, leading to multiple treatment interruptions. During dasatinib therapy after HSCT, patients with GI bleeding and confirmed CMV colitis may benefit from antiviral therapy to reduce interruptions in dasatinib therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":19989,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition","volume":"26 4","pages":"224-229"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/d6/37/pghn-26-224.PMC10356971.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9865161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Primary Immunodeficiencies in Children Initially Admitted with Gastrointestinal/Liver Manifestations.","authors":"Murat Cakir,&nbsp;Nalan Yakici,&nbsp;Elif Sag,&nbsp;Gulay Kaya,&nbsp;Ayşenur Bahadir,&nbsp;Alper Han Cebi,&nbsp;Fazil Orhan","doi":"10.5223/pghn.2023.26.4.201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5223/pghn.2023.26.4.201","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The gastrointestinal system is the most commonly affected organ, followed by the lungs, in patients with primary immunodeficiency disease (PID). Hence, it is common for children with PIDs to present with gastrointestinal symptoms. We aimed to analyze the clinical and histopathological findings of patients who were initially admitted to pediatric gastroenterology/hepatology clinics and subsequently diagnosed with PIDs to identify the clinical clues for PIDs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The demographic, laboratory, and histopathological findings, treatment modality, and outcomes of patients initially admitted to the pediatric gastroenterology/hepatology unit and subsequently diagnosed with PIDs were recorded.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included 24 patients (58.3% male; median age [range]: 29 [0.5-204] months). Common clinical presentations included chronic diarrhea (n=8), colitis (n=6), acute hepatitis (n=4), and acute liver failure (n=2). The association of autoimmune diseases, development of malignant diseases, and severe progression of viral diseases was observed in 20.8%, 8.3%, and 16.6% of the patients, respectively. Antibody deficiency was predominantly diagnosed in 29.2% of patients, combined immunodeficiency in 20.8%, immune dysregulation in 12.5%, defects in intrinsic and innate immunity in 4.2%, autoinflammatory disorders in 8.3%, and congenital defects of phagocytes in 4.2%. Five patients remained unclassified (20.8%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Patients with PIDs may initially experience gastrointestinal or liver problems. It is recommended that the association of autoimmune or malignant diseases or severe progression of viral diseases provide pediatric gastroenterologists some suspicion of PIDs. After screening using basic laboratory tests, genetic analysis is mandatory for a definitive diagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":19989,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition","volume":"26 4","pages":"201-212"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/f3/98/pghn-26-201.PMC10356973.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9865162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Utility of Contrast Enhanced Ultrasound and Elastography in the Early Detection of Fibro-Stenotic Ileal Strictures in Children with Crohn's Disease.","authors":"Sarah D Sidhu, Shelly Joseph, Emily Dunn, Carmen Cuffari","doi":"10.5223/pghn.2023.26.4.193","DOIUrl":"10.5223/pghn.2023.26.4.193","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic, idiopathic bowel disorder that can progress to partial or complete bowel obstruction. At present, there are no reliable diagnostic tests that can readily distinguish between acute inflammatory, purely fibrotic and mixed inflammatory and fibrotic. Our aim is to study the utility of contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in combination with shear wave elastography (SWE) to differentiate fibrotic from inflammatory strictures in children with obstructive CD of the terminal ileum.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-five (19 male) children between 2016-2021 with CD of the terminal ileum were recruited into the study. Among these patients, 22 had CEUS kinetic measurements of tissue perfusion, including wash-in slope (dB/sec), peak intensity (dB), time to peak intensity (sec), area under the curve (AUC) (dB sec), and SWE. In total, 11 patients required surgery due to bowel obstruction. Histopathologic analysis was performed by a pathologist who was blinded to the CEUS and SWE test results.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients that underwent surgical resection had significantly higher mean area under the curve on CEUS compared to patients responsive to medical therapy (<i>p</i>=0.03). The AUC also correlated with the degree of hypertrophy and the percent fibrosis of the muscularis propria, as determined by histopathologic grading (<i>p</i><0.01). There was no difference in the mean elastography measurements between these two patient groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CEUS is a useful radiological technique that can help identify pediatric patients with medically refractory obstructive fibrotic strictures of the terminal ileum that should be considered for early surgical resection.</p>","PeriodicalId":19989,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition","volume":"26 4","pages":"193-200"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/29/e1/pghn-26-193.PMC10356970.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9865165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Optimal Time for Initiating Probiotics for Preterm and Very-Low-Birth-Weight Infants: A 10-Year Experience in a Single Neonatal Intensive Care Unit.","authors":"JeongHoon Park,&nbsp;Jae Young Cho,&nbsp;Jung Sook Yeom,&nbsp;Jin Su Jun,&nbsp;Ji Sook Park,&nbsp;Eun Sil Park,&nbsp;Ji Hyun Seo,&nbsp;Jae Young Lim,&nbsp;Chan-Hoo Park,&nbsp;Hyang-Ok Woo","doi":"10.5223/pghn.2023.26.3.146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5223/pghn.2023.26.3.146","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The starting time for probiotic supplementation in preterm infants after birth varies widely. This study aimed to investigate the optimal time for initiating probiotics to reduce adverse outcomes in preterm or very low birth weight (VLBW) infants.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Medical records of preterm infants born at a gestational age (GA) of <32 weeks or VLBW infants in 2011-2020 were reviewed respectively. The infants who received <i>Saccharomyces boulardii</i> probiotics within 7 days of birth were grouped into an early introduction (EI) group, and those who received supplemented probiotics after 7 days of birth were part of the late introduction (LI) group. Clinical characteristics were compared between the two groups and analyzed statistically.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 370 infants were included. The mean GA (29.1 weeks vs. 31.2 weeks, <i>p</i><0.001) and birth weight (1,235.9 g vs. 1491.4 g, <i>p</i><0.001) were lower in the LI group (n=223) than in the EI group. The multivariate analysis indicated that factors affecting the LI of probiotics were GA at birth (odds ratio [OR], 1.52; <i>p</i><0.001) and the enteral nutrition start day (OR, 1.47; <i>p</i><0.001). The late probiotic introduction was associated with a risk of late-onset sepsis (OR, 2.85; <i>p</i>=0.020), delayed full enteral nutrition (OR, 5.44; <i>p</i><0.001), and extrauterine growth restriction (OR, 1.67; <i>p</i>=0.033) on multivariate analyses after adjusting for GA.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Early supplementation of probiotics within a week after birth may reduce adverse outcomes among preterm or VLBW infants.</p>","PeriodicalId":19989,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition","volume":"26 3","pages":"146-155"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/5e/0e/pghn-26-146.PMC10192591.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9874118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exclusive Enteral Nutrition for the Treatment of Pediatric Crohn's Disease: The Patient Perspective.","authors":"Stephanie Christine Brown,&nbsp;Catherine L Wall,&nbsp;Richard B Gearry,&nbsp;Andrew S Day","doi":"10.5223/pghn.2023.26.3.165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5223/pghn.2023.26.3.165","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic, incurable and relapsing disease involving any part of the gastrointestinal tract and exclusive enteral nutrition (EEN) is first-line therapy. Few studies have examined the patient experience of EEN. The aim of this study was to assess the child' s experiences of EEN, to identify problematic themes and understand the child's mindset. Children with CD who previously completed EEN were recruited to complete a survey. All data were analyzed using Microsoft Excel and reported as N (%). Forty-four children (mean age 11.3 years) consented to participate. Sixty-eight percent of children reported limited formula flavors as the most challenging aspect and 68% of children identified 'support' to be important. This study highlights the psychological impact of chronic disease and its therapies on children. Providing adequate support is essential to insure EEN is successful. Further studies are required to determine psychological support strategies for children taking EEN.</p>","PeriodicalId":19989,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition","volume":"26 3","pages":"165-172"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/2c/0f/pghn-26-165.PMC10192588.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9874120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prenatal and Perinatal Antibiotic Exposure and Long-Term Outcome.","authors":"Thomas Gestels,&nbsp;Yvan Vandenplas","doi":"10.5223/pghn.2023.26.3.135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5223/pghn.2023.26.3.135","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Antibiotics are frequently administered during pregnancy. Although necessary to address acute infections, their use facilitates antibiotic resistance. Other associations have also been found with the use of antibiotics, such as perturbations of gut bacteria, delays in microbial maturation, and increased risks of allergic and inflammatory diseases. Little is known about how the prenatal and perinatal administration of antibiotics to mothers affects the clinical outcomes of their offspring. A literature search was conducted of the Cochrane, Embase, and PubMed engines. The retrieved articles were reviewed by two authors and verified for relevance. The primary outcome was the effect of pre- and perinatal maternal antibiotic use on clinical outcomes. Thirty-one relevant studies were included in the meta-analysis. Various aspects are discussed, including infections, allergies, obesity, and psychosocial factors. In animal studies, antibiotic intake during pregnancy has been suggested to cause long-term alterations in immune regulation. In humans, associations have been found between antibiotic intake during pregnancy and different types of infections and an increased risk of pediatric infection-related hospitalization. A dose-dependent positive association between pre- and perinatal antibiotic use and asthma severity has been reported in animal and human studies, while positive associations with atopic dermatitis and eczema were reported by human studies. Multiple associations were identified between antibiotic intake and psychological problems in animal studies; however, relevant data from human studies are limited. However, one study reported a positive association with autism spectrum disorders. Multiple animal and human studies reported a positive association between pre- and perinatal antibiotic use by mothers and diseases in their offspring. Our findings have potentially significant clinical relevance, particularly considering the implications for health during infancy and later in life as well as the related economic burden.</p>","PeriodicalId":19989,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition","volume":"26 3","pages":"135-145"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/07/24/pghn-26-135.PMC10192590.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9858373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Complications of Gastrostomy and Gastrojejunostomy: The Prevalence in Children.","authors":"Thomas Gestels,&nbsp;Bruno Hauser,&nbsp;Els Van de Vijver","doi":"10.5223/pghn.2023.26.3.156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5223/pghn.2023.26.3.156","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to provide an overview of the prevalence of the complications of a gastrostomy or a gastrojejunostomy with a low-profile gastric tube in children. The study also examined the effect of presence of the gastrostomy tube on the prevalence of complications.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this cross-sectional study, parents were invited to complete an online questionnaire. Children aged 0-16 years with a low-profile gastrostomy or gastrojejunostomy tube were included in the study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 67 complete surveys were conducted. The mean age of the included children was seven years. The most common complications during the past week, were skin irritation (35.8%), abdominal pain (34.3%), and the formation of granulation tissue (29.9%). The most common complications during the past six months were skin irritation (47.8%), vomiting (43.4%), and abdominal pain (38.8%). Most complications occurred within the first year after gastrojejunostomy placement and gradually decreased as the duration since the placement of the gastrojejunostomy tube increased. The prevalence of severe complications was rare. Parental confidence in caring for the gastrostomy positively correlated with increases in the duration of the gastrostomy tube. Even so, parental confidence in the care of the gastrostomy tube was reduced in some parents more than a year after its placement.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The prevalence of gastrojejunostomy complications in children is relatively high. The incidences of severe complications after the placement of a gastrojejunostomy tube were rare in this study. A lack of confidence in the care of the gastrostomy tube was noted in some parents more than a year after its placement.</p>","PeriodicalId":19989,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition","volume":"26 3","pages":"156-164"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/75/eb/pghn-26-156.PMC10192589.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9874124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Pediatrician Awareness of Infant Dyschezia in Indonesia.","authors":"Muzal Kadim,&nbsp;Ucha Merendar Putri,&nbsp;Hartono Gunardi,&nbsp;H F Wulandari,&nbsp;Pustika Amalia Wahidiyat,&nbsp;Sudung O Pardede,&nbsp;Wahyuni Indawati","doi":"10.5223/pghn.2023.26.2.116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5223/pghn.2023.26.2.116","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and risk factors of infant dyschezia as well as pediatrician awareness regarding this disease in Indonesia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a two-part cross-sectional study, which was divided into study A and B. Study A: Parents whose infants were under 9 months old and attended well-baby clinics were recruited at two randomly selected primary health centers. Parents also provided information on the infant's previous medical history, and socio-demographic and family details. The Rome IV criteria was translated and validated to be used for diagnosis of infant dyschezia. Study B: Randomly selected pediatricians were surveyed by using a questionnaire to evaluate their knowledge regarding infant dyschezia.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of infant dyschezia based on the result of this study was 11.8%. Three risk factors had a significant relationship with infant dyschezia i.e., the number of children in the family (odds ratio [OR], 5.619; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.194-14.390; <i>p</i><0.001), complementary food diet (OR, 4.238; 95% CI, 1.902-9.443; <i>p</i><0.001), and social-emotional disturbance (OR, 5.670; 95% CI, 2.550-12.609; <i>p</i><0.001). The percentage of pediatricians correctly diagnosed infant dyschezia was 71.5%. Most pediatricians agreed that they did not perform any diagnostic testing (79.7%) and only provided education in cases of infant dyschezia (58.5%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The prevalence of infant dyschezia identified in our study was higher than that in other neighboring Asian countries, with the highest prevalence observed in infants 7-9 months old. Being an only child, receiving complementary food diet, and sociao-emotional disturbances were significant risk factors of infant dyschezia.</p>","PeriodicalId":19989,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition","volume":"26 2","pages":"116-126"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/d5/b0/pghn-26-116.PMC10025572.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9164438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Pilot Study Exploring Temporal Development of Gut Microbiome/Metabolome in Breastfed Neonates during the First Week of Life.","authors":"Imad Awan,&nbsp;Emily Schultz,&nbsp;John D Sterrett,&nbsp;Lamya'a M Dawud,&nbsp;Lyanna R Kessler,&nbsp;Deborah Schoch,&nbsp;Christopher A Lowry,&nbsp;Lori Feldman-Winter,&nbsp;Sangita Phadtare","doi":"10.5223/pghn.2023.26.2.99","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5223/pghn.2023.26.2.99","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Exclusive breastfeeding promotes gut microbial compositions associated with lower rates of metabolic and autoimmune diseases. Its cessation is implicated in increased microbiome-metabolome discordance, suggesting a vulnerability to dietary changes. Formula supplementation is common within our low-income, ethnic-minority community. We studied exclusively breastfed (EBF) neonates' early microbiome-metabolome coupling in efforts to build foundational knowledge needed to target this inequality.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Maternal surveys and stool samples from seven EBF neonates at first transitional stool (0-24 hours), discharge (30-48 hours), and at first appointment (days 3-5) were collected. Survey included demographics, feeding method, medications, medical history and tobacco and alcohol use. Stool samples were processed for 16S rRNA gene sequencing and lipid analysis by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Alpha and beta diversity analyses and Procrustes randomization for associations were carried out.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteria were the most abundant taxa. Variation in microbiome composition was greater between individuals than within (<i>p</i>=0.001). Palmitic, oleic, stearic, and linoleic acids were the most abundant lipids. Variation in lipid composition was greater between individuals than within (<i>p</i>=0.040). Multivariate composition of the metabolome, but not microbiome, correlated with time (<i>p</i>=0.030). Total lipids, saturated lipids, and unsaturated lipids concentrations increased over time (<i>p</i>=0.012, <i>p</i>=0.008, <i>p</i>=0.023). Alpha diversity did not correlate with time (<i>p</i>=0.403). Microbiome composition was not associated with each samples' metabolome (<i>p</i>=0.450).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Neonate gut microbiomes were unique to each neonate; respective metabolome profiles demonstrated generalizable temporal developments. The overall variability suggests potential interplay between influences including maternal breastmilk composition, amount consumed and living environment.</p>","PeriodicalId":19989,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition","volume":"26 2","pages":"99-115"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/b6/5f/pghn-26-99.PMC10025571.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9534621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}