Pediatric Infectious Disease最新文献

{"title":"Rotavirus immunization and type 1 diabetes mellitus: A nested case–control study","authors":"Gabriel Chodick ,&nbsp;Moran Almog ,&nbsp;Shai Ashkenazi ,&nbsp;Tal Sella","doi":"10.1016/j.pid.2014.12.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pid.2014.12.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>The objective of the present nested case–control study was to assess whether rotavirus vaccination is associated with reduced risk of </span>Type 1 diabetes mellitus<span> (T1DM). Using clinical database of a large health organization in Israel, we identified all incident cases of T1DM that were born during the period spanning January 2008 to June 2010, and diagnosed before March 2012. For each case, we selected up to three control individuals without T1DM that were individually matched on the exact date of birth. A total of 16 eligible T1DM cases were detected and 45 matched controls. After adjusting to residence area in Israel, the odds ratio for T1DM associated with full vaccination against rotavirus was 7.38 (95%: 1.19–45.62, P = 0.032). The results of the present study do not support the conclusion that childhood immunization with </span></span>rotavirus vaccine is associated with reduced risk of T1DM.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19984,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Infectious Disease","volume":"6 4","pages":"Pages 147-149"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.pid.2014.12.004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73499619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CNS infections – The challenges ahead","authors":"Vrajesh Udani","doi":"10.1016/j.pid.2015.01.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pid.2015.01.002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19984,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Infectious Disease","volume":"6 4","pages":"Pages 121-123"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.pid.2015.01.002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76153449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Borderline Hansen's disease presenting as isolated macrocheilia","authors":"Maitreyee Panda ,&nbsp;Nibedita Patro ,&nbsp;Ajaya Kumar Jena ,&nbsp;Sarita Pradhan ,&nbsp;Mrutunjay Dash","doi":"10.1016/j.pid.2014.12.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pid.2014.12.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>Although oral lesions in leprosy are common, they are mostly described in the late stages of lepromatous pole. As there are very few studies discussing the oral findings in leprosy, involvement of </span>oral mucosa as the only manifestation of leprosy often goes misdiagnosed. Here we are reporting a case of </span>tuberculoid leprosy presenting as chronic lip swelling.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19984,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Infectious Disease","volume":"6 4","pages":"Pages 139-141"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.pid.2014.12.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117901426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What's in","authors":"Anita Shet","doi":"10.1016/j.pid.2014.12.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pid.2014.12.002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19984,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Infectious Disease","volume":"6 4","pages":"Pages 159-161"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.pid.2014.12.002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134669313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anthrax meningo-encephalitis in a neonate","authors":"Promila Mohan Raj ,&nbsp;Indira Agarwal ,&nbsp;Winsley Rose","doi":"10.1016/j.pid.2014.09.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pid.2014.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Anthrax is primarily a disease of herbivorous animals; humans acquire the infection by handling infected dead animals or animal by-products. We report a 28 day old male infant, youngest of all reported Indian anthrax patients with Cutaneous anthrax which disseminated and lead to fatal anthrax meningo-encephalitis. The child's parents or siblings did not report contact with dead animals or animal by-products. Mechanical transmission through insect bite was the likely route for acquisition of this infection by the infant.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19984,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Infectious Disease","volume":"6 4","pages":"Pages 130-131"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.pid.2014.09.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73525754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“Infantile botulism: Forgotten etiology of acute hypotonia in infancy”","authors":"K. Kamrani ,&nbsp;M. Habibi ,&nbsp;N. Khosroshahi","doi":"10.1016/j.pid.2014.07.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pid.2014.07.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>In Asian countries infantile botulism<span> is a rare and often under diagnosed disease. With the intent to spread the awareness of this potentially life threatening disease we report two confirmed cases of infantile botulism and describe the way we could make our final diagnosis. Additionally since the treatment of choice of infantile botulism is Baby BIG and it is not available in our country and because of financial problems we could not afford it, we treated our patients with equine </span></span>botulinum antitoxin (EqBA). We report here the effectiveness and safety of equine botulinum antitoxin (EqBA) as an alternative treatment of infantile botulism.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19984,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Infectious Disease","volume":"6 4","pages":"Pages 132-134"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.pid.2014.07.004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72898744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A new threat to children: Melioidosis","authors":"Uttam Udayan ,&nbsp;Sagar Chandrakar ,&nbsp;Akshay Dias ,&nbsp;Meena Dias","doi":"10.1016/j.pid.2015.01.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pid.2015.01.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>Melioidosis is an infectious disease caused by </span><span><em>Burkholderia pseudomallei</em><em>,</em></span><span><span><span> usually seen in tropical countries of South East Asia and Northern Australia. Though many cases are reported in adults from western coast of India, the same is not true for children. We report here four cases of Melioidosis; a preterm neonate, two 2 year olds and 9 year old child. While three cases had bacteremic melioidosis with presentation as Respiratory distress syndrome, pneumonia and fever respectively, fourth case presented as bilateral </span>lymphadenitis<span><span>. All were treated successfully with intensive therapy of Meropenem or </span>ceftazidime<span> followed with eradication therapy<span> of co-trimoxazole. At the end of treatment, all were completely cured. An understanding of the local </span></span></span></span>epidemiology &amp; geographical factors along with awareness and high suspicion of index among microbiologists and paediatricians with laboratory strengthening will aid in early diagnosis and prompt treatment thereby reducing the disease mortality.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":19984,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Infectious Disease","volume":"6 4","pages":"Pages 135-138"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.pid.2015.01.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84851444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Schistosoma haematobium and Plasmodium falciparum single and concomitant infections; any association with hematologic abnormalities?","authors":"Olajumoke A. Morenikeji ,&nbsp;Omotayo S. Atanda ,&nbsp;Ituna E. Eleng ,&nbsp;Oyetunde T. Salawu","doi":"10.1016/j.pid.2014.11.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pid.2014.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim</h3><p>To assess the association between single infection and co-infection status of the two parasites with hematologic profiles in school children.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A cross-sectional epidemiological survey was carried out on a total of 202 school children between ages 6–18 years (mean age 11.5 ± 2.6 years). Urine and blood samples were collected by standard methods for concurrent microscopic diagnosis of <span><span>Schistosoma haematobium</span></span> and <em>Plasmodium falciparum</em><span><span> infections respectively. The following hematologic parameters; hematocrit, hemoglobin, neutrophils, leukocytes, lymphocytes and </span>eosinophils were determined.</span></p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The prevalence of single infection was 52.0% and 59.9% for <em>S. haematobium</em> and <em>P. falciparum</em> respectively, while 28.2% individuals were infected with the two parasites. The prevalence of abnormal hematologic profiles in the subjects was not associated with infection status (single or co-infection) (<em>P</em><span> &gt; 0.05). There were however higher risk of developing low hemoglobin concentration with </span><em>P. falciparum</em> (Prevalence = 71.0%, OR = 6.0, CI = 3.2–11.0) with children with <em>S. haematobium</em> infection being weakly predisposed to developing abnormal neutrophils (Prevalence = 53.3%, OR = 1.3, CI = 0.7–2.3). Low hemoglobin associated risk in single infection with <em>S. haematobium</em> (OR = 2.0, CI = 1.1–3.6) was increased with co-infection with <em>P. falciparum</em> (OR = 4.0, CI = 1.8–8.7). There seemed to be no difference in abnormal leukocytes and eosinophils associated risk in the three infection categories.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>There were variations in <em>Schistosoma</em> and malaria parasite induced hematologic pathologies and more studies are needed to unravel the underlying mechanisms in such variations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19984,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Infectious Disease","volume":"6 4","pages":"Pages 124-129"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.pid.2014.11.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85197507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Latex Agglutination Test (LAT) – For rapid diagnosis of acute bacterial meningitis","authors":"Bhaskar Shenoy ,&nbsp;Suvarna Biradar","doi":"10.1016/j.pid.2014.10.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pid.2014.10.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Acute bacterial meningitis<span> (ABM) is one of the most common causes of morbidity and mortality in children. Identifying the organism causing meningitis helps in right choice of antibiotics and determines the duration of treatment. Children who are clinically suspected to have meningitis often receive antibiotics before definitive diagnosis. This renders the CSF sterile, hence yield from culture and gram stain<span> diminishes. Rapid diagnosis of ABM can be done by identification of bacterial antigens<span><span> in the CSF by immunological test like LAT. Most of the commercially available LAT kits include reagents to test the most common bacteria causing meningitis. A wide range of sensitivity and specificity has been reported in various studies from 60% to 93% for the various organisms. It is not a substitute for </span>bacterial culture. However in partially treated meningitis where culture is usually negative, it is very valuable. During the outbreaks it is more useful for rapid diagnosis while awaiting the culture. It is a simple test where expertise is not required.</span></span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":19984,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Infectious Disease","volume":"6 4","pages":"Pages 150-152"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.pid.2014.10.004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90016492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Herpes zoster in a six month old infant: A case report","authors":"Emy Abi Thomas ,&nbsp;Abhilasha Williams","doi":"10.1016/j.pid.2014.07.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pid.2014.07.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>Herpes zoster occurs due to reactivation of the latent </span>varicella zoster virus<span> and is usually a disease of the elderly. Infantile herpes zoster is believed to be rare, though recent reports suggests an increasing incidence in infants. Here we report a six month old immunocompetent infant with herpes zoster whose mother had varicella during antenatal period.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":19984,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Infectious Disease","volume":"6 4","pages":"Pages 145-146"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.pid.2014.07.005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91348870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}