Pakistan Journal of Zoology最新文献

{"title":"Enhanced Neomycin Antibiotic Properties Through Proteolytic Enzyme in Escherichia coli Induced Infection in Broiler Chicks","authors":"M. Uzair","doi":"10.17582/journal.pjz/20221114101149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17582/journal.pjz/20221114101149","url":null,"abstract":"The study aimed to explore the beneficial aspect of serratiopeptidase (proteolytic enzyme) combined with low profile antibiotic (Neomycin) in chickens against the E. coli infection at the finisher stage. Both in-vitro and in-vivo studies were carried out to evaluate the antimicrobial activities and potency of this combination. A total of one hundred and eighty day-old chicks were randomly allotted to 6 groups i.e. G1 (negative control), G2 (positive control), G3 (standard antibiotic neomycin only), SN-1 (Serratiopeptidase @40g/L+Neomycin@10mg/L), SN-2 (Serratiopeptidase @50mg/L+ Neomycin @20mg/L), and SN-3 (Serratiopeptidase @ 60mg/L+ Neomycin @30mg/L). Each group consisted of thirty birds with 5 replicates (6 birds/ replicate). On day 21, fresh inocula of E. coli (1x10 9 cfu ) were orally administered to all the groups except negative control. The results revealed that birds in SN-3 group showed significantly larger zone of inhibition, increased feed intake, weight gain and improved feed conversion ratio compared to standard and control groups. Moreover, reduced (p<0.05) mortality and morbidity index was found in SN-3 group among all the treated groups. It was concluded, that use of serratiopeptidase combination with neomycin has better impact on broiler chickens to enhance the antimicrobial effect of Neomycin against E. coli infection and to enhance production parameters.","PeriodicalId":19975,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Zoology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67570310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficient Sulphate Reduction by Cellulolytic and Sulphate-Reducing Bacterial Co-Culture Using Different Agro-Industrial Wastes as Growth Substrates","authors":"M. Muneeb","doi":"10.17582/journal.pjz/20221124101150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17582/journal.pjz/20221124101150","url":null,"abstract":"Aquatic resources are being devastating rapidly due to the continuous intrusion of untreated wastes into the environment due to rapid industrialization and causing severe problems to aquatic life. Different physicochemical methods have been used to reduce these pollutants but all have their own limitations including production of secondary pollutants. The current study was designed to show the effect of cellulolytic and sulphate-reducing bacterial species in the form of a co-culture to treat an in-vitro prepared sulphate-rich wastewater while employing various agro-industrial organic waste as economical growth substrates. A combination of sulphate-reducing and cellulolytic bacteria in a ratio of 1:1 (v/v) was proved to be efficient for the reduction of sulphate in controlled as well as in the experimental conditions. The implicated microbial co-culture reduced 96 and 93 % of the added sulphate (5 gL −1 ) while using rice straw and animal manure, respectively in a 60-day trial of anaerobic incubation. Mixture of industrial and agricultural waste reduced about 90 % of the total added sulphate. A trend of decrease in pH with time was observed in all the incubated cultures. Our findings will be helpful for devising sustainable waste management strategies.","PeriodicalId":19975,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Zoology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67571744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Chinese Herbal Medicine Additives on Laying Performance, Egg Quality and Yolk Nutrition of Laying Hens During Late Laying Period","authors":"Haigang Wu","doi":"10.17582/journal.pjz/20221128091109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17582/journal.pjz/20221128091109","url":null,"abstract":".,","PeriodicalId":19975,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Zoology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67572080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of Bird Diversity in Ghamot National Park Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan","authors":"M. Jahangeer","doi":"10.17582/journal.pjz/20221207051220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17582/journal.pjz/20221207051220","url":null,"abstract":"Bird species diversity and distribution research is important for conservation efforts in various protected areas. However, the richness and distribution of birds in Ghamot National Park are unknown. Based on land cover attributes, the research region was divided into five habitat categories. During 2020-21, a point transect count was used softly up to 30-50 m radius with a random sample approach. One-way ANOVA was used to evaluate the data. This research discovered a total of 38 families totaling 127 species. Muscicapidae was numerically the dominant family (n=18; 14.17%) Highest number of individuals (n=938; 24.26%) was recorded from Agricultural crop zone (along the surgan stream; elevation ranges between 2750-3050m) Minimum number of individuals was recorded in alpine pasture, alpine meadows and wetland (n=113; 2.92%) at an elevation ranges between 3950-4400m. 47 (37%) species were recorded summer migrant, 59 (46.45%) were residential of study area, 3 (2.36%) species were recorded irregular year round migrant and 18 (14.17%) species were winter migrant. It was recorded that maximum number of species (n=90; 70.86%) breed (+) in study area however least number","PeriodicalId":19975,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Zoology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67572267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Length-Weight Relationship of Two Creek Associated Mangrove Fishes, Gorai Creek, Mumbai, India","authors":"Sudhan Chandran","doi":"10.17582/journal.pjz/20221227151248","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17582/journal.pjz/20221227151248","url":null,"abstract":"The length-weight relationships were estimated for two creek associated mangrove fishes caught in Gorai creek, Mumbai, North-Western part of Maharashtra, India using dol nets. The dol net fishing took place from August, 2019 to July, 2020 in monthly intervals, using dol nets of equipped with mesh size of 280 mm at mouth part and 20 mm at cod end part of the dol net. The dol nets fabricated with nylon multifilament were operated from 6 to 25 m depth for 3–6 h each time deployed in 15 fishing trials. The total length and total weight of the combined sex group was recorded by using the logarithmic transformed data, linear regression analysis was performed to calculate a and b values for two fish species to establish length-weight relationships with respective coefficient of correlation and the 95% confidence intervals. A new maximum total length was recorded for two creek associated mangrove fishes, viz., Escualosa thoracata (10.1 cm) and Bregmaceros mcclellandi (10.5 cm).","PeriodicalId":19975,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Zoology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67572823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Squamate Fauna of Southern Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (Tank and Lakki Marwat Districts), Pakistan","authors":"Muhammad Shehzad","doi":"10.17582/journal.pjz/20230330190305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17582/journal.pjz/20230330190305","url":null,"abstract":"1Department of Zoology, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan 2Department of Zoology, Wildlife, and Fisheries, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan 3Department of Botany and Zoology, Bacha Khan University, Charsadda, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 4Northeast Forest University No.26, Hexing Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin City, Heilongjiang Province, China 5Department of Zoology, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan Article Information Received 30 March 2023 Revised 20 April 2023 Accepted 04 May 2023 Available online 27 July 2023 (early access)","PeriodicalId":19975,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Zoology","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67575272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bioinformatics Analysis of Promoter Methylation and Clinical Significance of Tumor Suppressor Gene HOXA5 in Oral Cancer","authors":"Haichao Wang","doi":"10.17582/journal.pjz/20230803165114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17582/journal.pjz/20230803165114","url":null,"abstract":"The HOXA5 gene is an important tumor suppressor gene, which has the function of regulating cell cycle, proliferation, and differentiation. Down regulation or inactivation of HOXA5 expression occurs in a variety of malignant tumors such as oral cancer (OC) and breast cancer. The promoter region of HOXA5 gene is often methylated, and it is of great value to explore the relationship between its methylation status and gene expression level. The objective of this study was to explore the promoter methylation status of tumor suppressor gene HOXA5 in OC. HOXA5 mRNA expression was detected by RT-PCR. OC CAL-27, H357, and HSC-3 cells were treated with different concentrations of 5-aza-deoxyeytidine to analyze the inhibitory effect of 5-aza-deoxyeytidine on methylation. The methylation status of HOXA5 gene promoter was closely related to OC. 5Aza-CdR could induce the expression of HOXA5 mRNA in OC cells, promote cell apoptosis, and inhibit the growth and spread of tumor cells. The promoter region of HOXA5 gene is hypermethylated in OC. It was concluded that 5Aza-CdR can inhibit the activity of DNA methyltransferase, restore the expression of HOXA5 gene, and inhibit the proliferation and spread of cancer cells.","PeriodicalId":19975,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Zoology","volume":"121 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135262975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morpho-Biometric Characterization of the North African (Tunisian) Local Chicken Populations","authors":"Nour Elhouda Fehri","doi":"10.17582/journal.pjz/20230121170143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17582/journal.pjz/20230121170143","url":null,"abstract":"The present study aimed to determine the socio-economic and morpho-biometric characteristics of the local population of chickens in North Africa. A total of 250 chickens were sampled in three regions of the country of Tunisia. A complete description by direct observation, individual weighing, and body parts measurements were determined. The results of the study showed a significant diversity of plumage colors in the studied populations. Birds of the dominant yellow color represent the average proportion of 20 %. Birds with black, gray, and white plumage represent a low proportion (18%, 12%, and 12%, respectively). A great phenotypic diversity was noticed and the ascending hierarchical classification showed the existence of two different groups with differential body weight, body length, back length, comb length and width, ear lobe length and width, wing length, wattle length, neck length, thigh and breast length, shank length and diameter, and central toe length. This phenotypic and descriptive richness can be considered a starting point for categorizing local indigenous Tunisian chickens. Genetic, anatomic, and physiologic large-scale studies are warranted to establish a comprehensive database and improve the conservation and sustainable production of these indigenous chickens.","PeriodicalId":19975,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Zoology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67573428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Different Quick-Freezing Methods and Storage Temperatures on the Content of Cryoprecipitated Blood Coagulation Factors in Fresh Plasma","authors":"Haiyan Wen","doi":"10.17582/journal.pjz/20230311210316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17582/journal.pjz/20230311210316","url":null,"abstract":"To observe the effect of different quick-freezing methods and different storage temperatures on the content of cryoprecipitated blood coagulation factors in fresh plasma. The convenient sampling method was used to select 200 ml of whole blood from 60 unpaid blood donors who entered the blood station from January 2022 to October 2022. The acquisition time is controlled within 10 min. The plasma samples were divided into six groups (A, B, C, D, E, F) by using a random number table, 10 in each group. Group A (plate freezer for 30 min, - 30 ℃ storage), Group B (plate freezer for 30 min, 4 ℃ storage), Group C (plate freezer for 120 min, - 30 ℃ storage), Group D (plate freezer for 120 min, - 4 ℃ storage), Group E (plate freezer for 30 min, - 4 ℃ storage), Group F (plate freezer for 120 min, 4 ℃ storage). At 0, 3, 5, 7 and 9 h after the completion of the preparation of cryoprecipitate, the changes and differences of the content of coagulation factor VIII (Fv III) and fibrinogen (FIB) in the six groups of samples were observed. The highest level of FvIII occurred in group B at 5 h with a concentration of (2.47±0.56) IU/mL, while the lowest level occurred in group A at 9 h with a concentration of (0.84±0.07) IU/mL. The highest level of FIB occurred in group A at 0 h with a concentration of (245.56±25.92) mg/200ml, while the lowest level occurred in group C at 9 h with a concentration of (195.16±13.98) mg/200ml. It is preferable that both FvIII and FIB levels are at a higher level at 9 h, with group B having more appropriate levels of FvIII and FIB. According to the analysis of variance, the content of FvIII will be affected by the storage temperature, time, quick-freezing method, and the interaction between quick-freezing method and time (P<0.05). The content of FIB will be affected by the effects of quick-freezing method, time, quick-freezing method and storage temperature (P<0.05). Different quick-freezing methods and storage temperatures affect FvIII and FIB in the cryoprecipitated fresh plasma. The optimal quick-freezing method is the plate quick-freezing machine for 30min, and the storage temperature is 4 ℃ . Under this condition, the content of coagulation factor in the cryoprecipitate decreased more slowly.","PeriodicalId":19975,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Zoology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67575144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of Agricultural Areas as Shelters for Carnivores in a Desert Ecosystem in Saudi Arabia","authors":"Abdulaziz Alatawi","doi":"10.17582/journal.pjz/20230422050418","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17582/journal.pjz/20230422050418","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19975,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Zoology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67576157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}