Pakistan Journal of Zoology最新文献

{"title":"Effect of Whole Allium cepa Linn. Bulb Slurry on Haematological and Biochemical Components of Clarias gariepinus Juveniles","authors":"O. M. Oghenochuko","doi":"10.17582/journal.pjz/20200828170831","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17582/journal.pjz/20200828170831","url":null,"abstract":"1Animal Science Department, Landmark University, PMB1001, Omu-Aran, Kwara State, Nigeria. 2Department of Aquaculture and Fisheries Management, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, PMB 2240, Ogun State, Nigeria. 3College of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, PMB 2240, Ogun State, Nigeria. 4Landmark University SDG 2, Landmark University Omu-Aran, Kwara State, Nigeria Article Information Received 28 August 2020 Revised 10 February 2022 Accepted 29 March 2022 Available online 30 January 2023 (early access)","PeriodicalId":19975,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Zoology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67530574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Food Preference of Rhesus Monkey (Macaca mulatta) in the Margalla Hills National Park, Islamabad, Pakistan","authors":"S. Aslam","doi":"10.17582/journal.pjz/20210724200757","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17582/journal.pjz/20210724200757","url":null,"abstract":"a","PeriodicalId":19975,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Zoology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67542556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Urea Treated Sugarcane Bagasse on Growth, Proximate Composition, Microbial Flora and Digestive Enzymes Activities of Grass Carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella)","authors":"Ayub Khawar","doi":"10.17582/journal.pjz/20220524090521","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17582/journal.pjz/20220524090521","url":null,"abstract":"A 90 days experimental trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of urea treated sugarcane bagasse on the growth, gut microflora and digestive enzymes of grass carp ( Ctenopharyngodon idella ). Fish were fed to 3% wet body weight per day with experimental diets having 0% (CTRL), 0.7% (T1), 1.4% (T2) and 2.1% (T3) urea, with each group having two replicate tanks. Fish fed on 2.1% urea treated sugarcane bagasse (T3) showed significantly (P<0.05) higher growth as compared to T2, T1 and CTRL. The feed conversion ratio and specific growth rate were also significantly higher in T3 fish group, followed by the T2, T1 and CTRL groups. Proximate analysis of fish showed that the level of crude protein was higher significantly in T2 fish than other groups and crude fat level was significantly higher in T1 fish, followed the T2, CTRL and T3 fish groups. The percentage level of dry matter was significantly higher in T3 fish and ash percentage was significantly higher in T2 fish relative to T3, T1 and CTRL groups. Amylase and Lipase concentration was significantly higher in T2 fish compared with T3, T1 and CTRL groups. Protease concentration was significantly higher in T3 fish, followed by the T1, T2 and CTRL fish groups. Lastly, the presence of Lactobacillus fermentum was confirmed in the T1, T2 and T3 fish groups. Overall, the results showed that urea treated sugarcane bagasse can be used as a feed ingredient for C. idella and has no adverse effect on the nutritional value of fish.","PeriodicalId":19975,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Zoology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67560471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Plant Complex Sterility Agent in Rats via FAM209 Regulating PICK1","authors":"Chundan Shi","doi":"10.17582/journal.pjz/20221017071041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17582/journal.pjz/20221017071041","url":null,"abstract":"This animal study aimed to investigate the regulatory effect of FAM209, and PICK1protein in SD rats with Rodent pest. SD rats are randomly divided into control group, low (10 mg/kg of plant complex sterility agent) and high dose (20 mg/kg of plant complex sterility agent) groups. Hematoxylin and eosin staining is used to observe the pathological changes of testis tissue. The testis organ index, male seminal vesicle, and sperm were also detected. The expression of FAM209, and PICK1protein in testis tissue are detected by Western blotting. Compared with the control group, the cell structure in the testis tissue of the model group is damaged, and testis organ index, male seminal vesicle, the sperm density level in the control group, low dose group are significantly increased ( P <0.05). The results of WB confirm the expression of FAM209 ( P <0.05). downregulated of FAM209, and PICK1protein may be involved in the development of rodent pest.","PeriodicalId":19975,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Zoology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67569187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Effect of Apartinib Combined with Trastuzumab on Gastric Cancer with Ascites","authors":"Xiaowei Zhang","doi":"10.17582/journal.pjz/20221223091220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17582/journal.pjz/20221223091220","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of two chemotherapeutic drugs","PeriodicalId":19975,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Zoology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67572410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Analysis of Cross-Protection of Commercial IBV Vaccines against Locally Isolated Field Strains of Infectious Bronchitis Virus in Pakistan","authors":"M. Shahid","doi":"10.17582/journal.pjz/20221229071222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17582/journal.pjz/20221229071222","url":null,"abstract":"Vaccine failure against infectious bronchitis (IB) due to emergence of nephro-pathogenic strains in field is a major problem. This study evaluated cross protection of commercial IBV vaccines against field isolates. A total of 160, day-old chicks were equally divided into four groups. Group A was vaccinated with a single dose of H120 strain IBV vaccine, group B with two doses (days 02 and 15) of H120 strain, group C with two doses of heterologous strains (H120 on day 02 and 4/91 on 15) while group D kept unvaccinated. Antibody titer was evaluated using a commercial ELISA kit. The difference in antibody titer of vaccinated groups was non-significant (P value > 0.05) till two weeks post-vaccination. At 04 weeks of age, the highest antibody titer was observed for group B, followed by group C and A. Challenge with a field isolate of IBV induced a rise in antibody titer in all groups. Group D had the highest score (severe) of clinical signs and mortality (n=04/10) followed by group A, showing a moderate score of clinical signs and mortality (n=02/10). In contrast, group C was the most protected group showing mild signs and no mortality. Nephro-pathogenic gross lesions were predominant in all groups except group C which had the lowest score. It was concluded that nephro-pathogenic strains are involved in field outbreaks of IB. Further, a vaccination program only with a classical strain could not provide full protection while priming with a classical strain in first week and boosting by a variant strain vaccine after second week may provide better protection against the disease. Protective-typing is also recommended for development of vaccine from locally isolated strains.","PeriodicalId":19975,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Zoology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67572881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Comparative Analysis of Baseline Variables in Responder and Non-Responder Groups of Chronic Hepatitis C patients","authors":"M. Shahid","doi":"10.17582/journal.pjz/20230119060159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17582/journal.pjz/20230119060159","url":null,"abstract":"The chronic hepatitis C (CHC) virus plays a vital role around the globe in hepatic persistent disease. It is undoubtedly a major health and financial burden in Pakistan, affecting about 6 to 10 percent of the overall population. The purpose of this research is to identify the baseline clinical and virological variables to predict the therapy outcomes. In this study, a total of 118 confirmed CHC-positive patients were selected based on the inclusion criteria. The HCV genotype and virus titer of the selected patients were measured. All patients received pegylated interferon with the addition of ribavirin. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) has been used for comparing variations in clinical data between patient groups. The clinical and virological data have been analyzed using correlation analysis. For the assessment of therapy response in patients, a binary logistic regression model has been used. ANOVA showed that differences in albumin %, AST/ALT ratio, and monocyte % between responders and non-responders have been statistically significant (P < 0.05). In the predictive analysis, three variables γ-GT, globulin, and albumin were predictors of treatment. Our study showed that clinical and virological parameters can be used as a useful tool for predicting treatment outcomes. These parameters can be used to accurate predictions of the Pakistani population in patients with newly diagnosed HCV-3a.","PeriodicalId":19975,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Zoology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67573092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary Habits of Indian Gerbil Tatera indica Inhabiting Agro-Ecosystem of Pothwar Plateau, Pakistan","authors":"Anum Razzaq","doi":"10.17582/journal.pjz/20230206110216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17582/journal.pjz/20230206110216","url":null,"abstract":"The Indian gerbil Tatera indica occurs in the Pothwar Plateau and is associated with agro-ecosystem of the area. No particular scientific studies have been focussed on dietary habits of this species in particular Plateau. Therefore, the focal aim of the current study was to investigate the dietary habits of Indian gerbil by using micro-histological analysis of stomach contents in croplands of the Pothwar Plateau and to study the variation in its food composition during cropping and non-cropping seasons. A total of 30 specimens were trapped by using snap traps in wheat, groundnut and adjacent non-crop habitats. Results showed that the gerbil rat was chiefly omnivore; feeding on wheat-groundnut plants and grains as the crops approached maturity, wild flora (viz: herbs, grasses, seeds and tubers) invariably amongst crop stages and seasons. During spring season, wheat was the most frequently consumed cereal. But during winter, as groundnut crop approached towards maturity/harvested, gerbils consumed mainly nuts and grains, while in autumn and summer (non-crop periods), the rat species switched its diet to wild flora, and consumed most frequently Ziziphus nummularia (Beri) followed by Cynodon dactylon (Khabbal grass), Desmostachya bipinnate (Baron dhab), Artemisia dubia etc. along with some fodder crops like Sorghum bicolour (Sorghum), Zea mays (Maize), Brassica campestris (Mustard) etc. The summer diet (non-crop season) was comparatively less diversified than the diet of the cropping season (spring) and there was a significant difference in the diets of this rat species during cropping and non-cropping period. The gerbil also supplemented its diet with insects (animal matters) in higher quantities highlighting its positive role as biological control of insect pests of croplands. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) later followed by Least Significance Difference (LSD) revealed significant differences during cropping season winter (wheat) and non-cropping season autumn (F = 1.88, df = 18, P < 0.05). The frequency of different food items of cropping and non-cropping season (summer and monsoon) showed the significant difference (F = 1.15, df = 18, P < 0.05) and the remaining unidentified food items were non-significant to each other (F = 1.10, df = 18, P > 0.05). The study concludes that Indian gerbil has got a beneficial role for sustainable agriculture practices.","PeriodicalId":19975,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Zoology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67573908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Tamsulosin on Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms in Elderly Patients with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia","authors":"Ming Wang","doi":"10.17582/journal.pjz/20230228150209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17582/journal.pjz/20230228150209","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of tamsulosin combined with ginger moxibustion on lower urinary tract symptoms in elderly patients with prostatic hyperplasia. It provides basis and new way for the research and treatment of BPH. A total of 80 elderly patients with BPH and lower urinary tract symptoms admitted from March 2021 to July 2022 in our hospital were selected for the study. The patients were separated into ginger moxibustion group (G) with 40 patients and combined group (J) with 40 patients. Among them, the patients in Group G were only treated with ginger, while oral tamsulosin sustained release capsule combined with ginger was used in Group J. The course of treatment of both groups is 1 month, and the treatment is in progress. The changes of IPSS, QOL, residual urine volume, bladder volume, TCM symptom score and SF-36 score of patients in Group G and Group J were compared. Compared with Group G, the total IPSS score, SSS score, QOL score, bladder residual urine volume and TCM symptom score of Group J were lower ( P <0.05) after treatment. The MFR, SF-36 score and the treatment efficiency in Group J were higher ( P <0.05). Compared with simple ginger moxibustion, tamsulosin combined with ginger moxibustion can effectively improve the lower urinary tract symptoms of elderly patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia.","PeriodicalId":19975,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Zoology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67574442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the Probiotic Potential and Safety of a Locally Sourced Lactobacillus fermentum Strain Isolated from Dahi, a Traditional Dairy Product","authors":"Sehar Aslam","doi":"10.17582/journal.pjz/20230228180245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17582/journal.pjz/20230228180245","url":null,"abstract":"Probiotics are live microbes that offer potential health benefits to the host, including modulation of the host immune system, improvement of anti-inflammatory response, enhancement of antibacterial and anti-allergic properties, as well as anti-proliferative properties. These beneficial microorganisms can interact with the gut microbiota to restore an impaired gut microbiome. While probiotics can be sourced from various sources, this study focuses on isolating and characterizing novel probiotic strains from dairy sources, specifically Dahi. To evaluate the probiotic potential of these isolates, various biochemical, morphological, and physiological tests were performed, followed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing to genotype the isolates. The tolerance of the isolates to pH, temperature, and bile salt, as well as their antimicrobial and adhesion ability, was evaluated. The results showed that the identified novel probiotic strains belonged to the Lactobacillus fermentum species, exhibited remarkable tolerance against bile salts, acidic environments, and temperature, and had excellent adhesion ability, indicating their potential as probiotic strains. Additionally, all isolates were non-hemolytic and displayed significant antimicrobial activity against antibiotic-resistant pathogens, such as Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus . The anti-cancer activity of all isolates was also evaluated against the Human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line (Caco-2), and all isolates showed significant anticancer activity. These findings validate the beneficial therapeutic values of novel probiotic strains isolated from dairy sources, specifically Dahi, and suggest that they could be used in food and drugs to treat various diseases.","PeriodicalId":19975,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Zoology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67574546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}