Pakistan Journal of Zoology最新文献

{"title":"Sulfate Reducing Bacterial Corrosion of Mild Steel in Liquid and Solid Media","authors":"Sanaullah Sattar","doi":"10.17582/journal.pjz/20220713160735","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17582/journal.pjz/20220713160735","url":null,"abstract":"This study was carried out to check the corrosive impact of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) on mild steel coupons in solid and liquid media under two variable nutritional conditions. The bacterial species for the experimental trials was isolated from buried corroded metallic installment and found motile, Gram- negative, non-spore former and identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing as Desulfovibrio desulfuricans . The corrosive impact of SRB on steel coupons was performed in water as liquid medium and the processed clay as the solid medium without and with the provision of Postgate B medium. After 60 days of anaerobic incubation, corrosion rate (CR) and average percent weight loss (APWL) of the steel pieces were calculated. Higher CR and APWL were observed in the liquid medium (water) than in the solid medium (clay). The CR and APWL in water were 249 ± 2 µg dm −2 d −1 and 4.16 ± 0.25 %, respectively, while the corresponding figures for CR and APWL in clay were 108 ± 2 and 1.88 ± 0.29, respectively. In addition, the CR and APWL were higher in the presence of Postgate B medium compared to the medium without it. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic analyses reveals the presence of FeS in the corrosion product. Our findings of this study will be helpful for devising corrosion-protecting strategies.","PeriodicalId":19975,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Zoology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67563113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Whole Allium cepa Linn. Bulb Slurry on Haematological and Biochemical Components of Clarias gariepinus Juveniles","authors":"O. M. Oghenochuko","doi":"10.17582/journal.pjz/20200828170831","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17582/journal.pjz/20200828170831","url":null,"abstract":"1Animal Science Department, Landmark University, PMB1001, Omu-Aran, Kwara State, Nigeria. 2Department of Aquaculture and Fisheries Management, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, PMB 2240, Ogun State, Nigeria. 3College of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, PMB 2240, Ogun State, Nigeria. 4Landmark University SDG 2, Landmark University Omu-Aran, Kwara State, Nigeria Article Information Received 28 August 2020 Revised 10 February 2022 Accepted 29 March 2022 Available online 30 January 2023 (early access)","PeriodicalId":19975,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Zoology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67530574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Food Preference of Rhesus Monkey (Macaca mulatta) in the Margalla Hills National Park, Islamabad, Pakistan","authors":"S. Aslam","doi":"10.17582/journal.pjz/20210724200757","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17582/journal.pjz/20210724200757","url":null,"abstract":"a","PeriodicalId":19975,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Zoology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67542556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization of Size Exclusion Chromatography for the Purification and Quantification of Foot and Mouth Disease Virus Serotype “O”","authors":"A. Razak","doi":"10.17582/journal.pjz/20211109021143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17582/journal.pjz/20211109021143","url":null,"abstract":"Foot and mouth disease (FMD) is economically devastating disease of livestock overwhelming the international trading of animal based products. The unpurified inactivated vaccine containing Foot and Mouth Disease Virus a (FMDV) and non-structural proteins (NSPs) used to control the disease stimulated the production of anti-NSP antibodies. Countries striving to establish FMD free status must ensure the absence of circulating FMDV and anti-NSP antibodies in vaccinated animals, which are produced in natural infection. Production of purified FMD vaccines contrary to other animal’s vaccines required extra step of virus purification from its NSPs. Present project was designed to optimize different parameters of size exclusion chromatography (SEC) for the purification of local isolate of FMDV from NSPs. For this purpose Bio-rad Econo-Column 15/50 was packed with Sephacryl TM S-300 resin and fitted with BioRad BioLogic LP Chromatographic system. Mixture of blue dextran and bovine serum albumin used as biomarkers for FMDV and NSPs respectively was employed to optimize resin bed height in column based on resolution between curves, while that FMDV was used to optimize flow rate of mobile phase and sample volume based on column efficiency. The chromatographic fraction of FMDV was ensured for purity through protein analysis by SDS-PAGE and serologically by 3ABC-NSP ELISA. It was found that maximum resolution of 1.86 was achieved at 48cm of resin bed height followed by 1.5 and 1.27 at 40cm and 32cm respectively. FMDV was eluted earlier with retention time 138.02+2.02min at flow of 0.7ml/min than 165.76+1.28min at 0.5ml/min along with better column efficiency with sample volume at 4% of column volume. SEC could detect and quantify from 603.75µg/ml in PEG concentrated FMDV up to 3.33µg/ml in 1:64 dilution as lower limit of detection and quantification. Presence of two bands of structural protein with absence of NSPs bands on SDS-PAGE and negative NSP% in hyperimmune sera raised in goats revealed the successful elimination of NSPs contents from FMDV suspension by SEC.","PeriodicalId":19975,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Zoology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67548614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of the Combined Use of Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin and Diatomaceous Earth for the Control of Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) and Trogoderma granarium Everts","authors":"Muhammad Yasin","doi":"10.17582/journal.pjz/20211120151100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17582/journal.pjz/20211120151100","url":null,"abstract":"Muhammad Yasin1, Azhar Abbas Khan2*, Sana Rubab2 and Sumaira Maqsood3 1Deprtment of Entomology, The Islamia University, Bahawalpur, Pakistan. 2College of Agriculture, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Bahadur Sub Campus Layyah, Pakistan. 3Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Mountain Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Kohsar University, Murree, Pakistan. Article Information Received 20 November 2021 Revised 11 August 2022 Accepted 08 September 2022 Available online 05 January 2023 (early access)","PeriodicalId":19975,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Zoology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67549035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Blue Light Color Reduces the Newcastle Disease Post-Vaccinal Reactions of Indian River Broilers under Egyptian Conditions","authors":"T. M. Mousa-Balabel","doi":"10.17582/journal.pjz/20220323080346","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17582/journal.pjz/20220323080346","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19975,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Zoology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67556560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Urea Treated Sugarcane Bagasse on Growth, Proximate Composition, Microbial Flora and Digestive Enzymes Activities of Grass Carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella)","authors":"Ayub Khawar","doi":"10.17582/journal.pjz/20220524090521","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17582/journal.pjz/20220524090521","url":null,"abstract":"A 90 days experimental trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of urea treated sugarcane bagasse on the growth, gut microflora and digestive enzymes of grass carp ( Ctenopharyngodon idella ). Fish were fed to 3% wet body weight per day with experimental diets having 0% (CTRL), 0.7% (T1), 1.4% (T2) and 2.1% (T3) urea, with each group having two replicate tanks. Fish fed on 2.1% urea treated sugarcane bagasse (T3) showed significantly (P<0.05) higher growth as compared to T2, T1 and CTRL. The feed conversion ratio and specific growth rate were also significantly higher in T3 fish group, followed by the T2, T1 and CTRL groups. Proximate analysis of fish showed that the level of crude protein was higher significantly in T2 fish than other groups and crude fat level was significantly higher in T1 fish, followed the T2, CTRL and T3 fish groups. The percentage level of dry matter was significantly higher in T3 fish and ash percentage was significantly higher in T2 fish relative to T3, T1 and CTRL groups. Amylase and Lipase concentration was significantly higher in T2 fish compared with T3, T1 and CTRL groups. Protease concentration was significantly higher in T3 fish, followed by the T1, T2 and CTRL fish groups. Lastly, the presence of Lactobacillus fermentum was confirmed in the T1, T2 and T3 fish groups. Overall, the results showed that urea treated sugarcane bagasse can be used as a feed ingredient for C. idella and has no adverse effect on the nutritional value of fish.","PeriodicalId":19975,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Zoology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67560471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of miRNAs and their Target Genes in Diabetic Foot Ulcer Wound Healing","authors":"Muhammad Shakil Khan","doi":"10.17582/journal.pjz/20220528200554","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17582/journal.pjz/20220528200554","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19975,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Zoology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67560819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Duckweed-Based Aquafeeds on Feed Digestibility and Growth Performance of Gibelion catla","authors":"J. Shafi","doi":"10.17582/journal.pjz/20220722090715","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17582/journal.pjz/20220722090715","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was conducted to find viable and economic ingredients for fish feed by evaluating the effect of partial fish meal replacement with duckweed ( Lemna minor ) in Gibelion catla feed. Four different isonitrogenous feeds (with 0, 10, 20 and 30% replacement of fish meal with) were prepared and fed to juvenile catla for 60 days at the rate of 5% fish biomass. No significant difference ( P >0.05) in fish growth parameters and feed efficiency was observed among the treatments. There was no significant difference in apparent digestibility coefficient (ADC) of dry matter among treatments. Feed ADC (protein) with duckweed at 30% inclusion level was significantly lower ( P <0.05) compared to the other treatments. There was no significant difference in muscle composition of fish reared under the four treatments. Results of the present study showed that duckweed can be used to replace up to 20% of fish meal in feed of catla without any negative effect on fish growth or feed digestibility.","PeriodicalId":19975,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Zoology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67564112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Review of 20 Years Research Progression on Prodrug Technology in Inhaled Medications","authors":"Lijuan Liu","doi":"10.17582/journal.pjz/20220813160811","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17582/journal.pjz/20220813160811","url":null,"abstract":".","PeriodicalId":19975,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Zoology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67565342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}