Pakistan Journal of Zoology最新文献

{"title":"Dietary Habits of Indian Gerbil Tatera indica Inhabiting Agro-Ecosystem of Pothwar Plateau, Pakistan","authors":"Anum Razzaq","doi":"10.17582/journal.pjz/20230206110216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17582/journal.pjz/20230206110216","url":null,"abstract":"The Indian gerbil Tatera indica occurs in the Pothwar Plateau and is associated with agro-ecosystem of the area. No particular scientific studies have been focussed on dietary habits of this species in particular Plateau. Therefore, the focal aim of the current study was to investigate the dietary habits of Indian gerbil by using micro-histological analysis of stomach contents in croplands of the Pothwar Plateau and to study the variation in its food composition during cropping and non-cropping seasons. A total of 30 specimens were trapped by using snap traps in wheat, groundnut and adjacent non-crop habitats. Results showed that the gerbil rat was chiefly omnivore; feeding on wheat-groundnut plants and grains as the crops approached maturity, wild flora (viz: herbs, grasses, seeds and tubers) invariably amongst crop stages and seasons. During spring season, wheat was the most frequently consumed cereal. But during winter, as groundnut crop approached towards maturity/harvested, gerbils consumed mainly nuts and grains, while in autumn and summer (non-crop periods), the rat species switched its diet to wild flora, and consumed most frequently Ziziphus nummularia (Beri) followed by Cynodon dactylon (Khabbal grass), Desmostachya bipinnate (Baron dhab), Artemisia dubia etc. along with some fodder crops like Sorghum bicolour (Sorghum), Zea mays (Maize), Brassica campestris (Mustard) etc. The summer diet (non-crop season) was comparatively less diversified than the diet of the cropping season (spring) and there was a significant difference in the diets of this rat species during cropping and non-cropping period. The gerbil also supplemented its diet with insects (animal matters) in higher quantities highlighting its positive role as biological control of insect pests of croplands. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) later followed by Least Significance Difference (LSD) revealed significant differences during cropping season winter (wheat) and non-cropping season autumn (F = 1.88, df = 18, P < 0.05). The frequency of different food items of cropping and non-cropping season (summer and monsoon) showed the significant difference (F = 1.15, df = 18, P < 0.05) and the remaining unidentified food items were non-significant to each other (F = 1.10, df = 18, P > 0.05). The study concludes that Indian gerbil has got a beneficial role for sustainable agriculture practices.","PeriodicalId":19975,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Zoology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67573908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the Probiotic Potential and Safety of a Locally Sourced Lactobacillus fermentum Strain Isolated from Dahi, a Traditional Dairy Product","authors":"Sehar Aslam","doi":"10.17582/journal.pjz/20230228180245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17582/journal.pjz/20230228180245","url":null,"abstract":"Probiotics are live microbes that offer potential health benefits to the host, including modulation of the host immune system, improvement of anti-inflammatory response, enhancement of antibacterial and anti-allergic properties, as well as anti-proliferative properties. These beneficial microorganisms can interact with the gut microbiota to restore an impaired gut microbiome. While probiotics can be sourced from various sources, this study focuses on isolating and characterizing novel probiotic strains from dairy sources, specifically Dahi. To evaluate the probiotic potential of these isolates, various biochemical, morphological, and physiological tests were performed, followed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing to genotype the isolates. The tolerance of the isolates to pH, temperature, and bile salt, as well as their antimicrobial and adhesion ability, was evaluated. The results showed that the identified novel probiotic strains belonged to the Lactobacillus fermentum species, exhibited remarkable tolerance against bile salts, acidic environments, and temperature, and had excellent adhesion ability, indicating their potential as probiotic strains. Additionally, all isolates were non-hemolytic and displayed significant antimicrobial activity against antibiotic-resistant pathogens, such as Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus . The anti-cancer activity of all isolates was also evaluated against the Human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line (Caco-2), and all isolates showed significant anticancer activity. These findings validate the beneficial therapeutic values of novel probiotic strains isolated from dairy sources, specifically Dahi, and suggest that they could be used in food and drugs to treat various diseases.","PeriodicalId":19975,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Zoology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67574546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tannic Acid Regulates Autophagy in the Ovary of Female Brandt’s Voles Affecting their Reproduction","authors":"Ming-Hao Yu","doi":"10.17582/journal.pjz/20230315000312","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17582/journal.pjz/20230315000312","url":null,"abstract":"Tannic acid, as a polyphenol, is widely present in dicotyledonous plants and angiosperms. The study found that tannins could affect the ovarian development of Brandt’s voles. However, the specific effects of tannic acid on reproduction and its underlying mechanisms are still poorly understood. Therefore, this study explored the effects of tannic acid on the reproduction of Brandt’s voles. We treated female Brandt’s voles from four weeks postpartum with varying tannic acid doses (0 (control), 0.3% (low dose) or 0.6% (high dose) tannic acids) until 8 weeks (puberty) and 13 weeks (sexual maturity)). Ovarian specimens were collected for immunohistochemical analysis and RT-PCR. The treated Brandt’s voles were mated with male Brandt’s voles of the same age and we recorded the number of embryos, litters and the male to female ratio of the offspring. We found that the female Brandt’s voles in the low-dose tannic acid group had enhanced reproductive abilities, characterized by reduced follicular atresia and increased numbers of embryos and litters of offspring. The different doses of tannic acid altered the female-male ratio of the Brandt’s voles’ offspring. While the low-dose of tannic acid enhanced the level of ovarian autophagy by significantly increasing the expression of Beclin1 and LC3 proteins in the ovaries of the Brandt’s voles during sexual maturity. In short, tannic acid can promote the reproduction of Brandt’s voles by affecting the level of ovarian autophagy and improving the development of follicles. Tannins can boost the reproduction of Brandt’s voles.","PeriodicalId":19975,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Zoology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67575242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expression, Characterization and Purification of Latcripin-5 from Lentinula edodes Strain C91-3 and its In Vitro Anticancer Activities","authors":"A. Hussain","doi":"10.17582/journal.pjz/20230423120401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17582/journal.pjz/20230423120401","url":null,"abstract":"Lentinula edodes C91-3 is an edible mushroom with demonstrated medicinal activity against various types of cancer in vitro and in vivo . The gene for Latcripin-5 (LP-5) was obtained from Lentinula edodes strain C 91-3 and inserted into a pET32a (+) vector, which was then, expressed in the Rosetta gami (DE3) strain. The purified LP-5 protein was analyzed using SDS-PAGE and western blot. The optimal solubilization parameters were found to be 0.6 mM IPGT for 6 h incubation at 37 ℃ . The solubilized protein was refolded using a refolding buffer and then dialyzed and concentrated using a dialysis buffer and PEG 20000, respectively. Phyre2 bioinformatics tool was used for protein modelling. The concentrated LP-5 protein was tested for its effect on the viability and cytotoxicity of various cancerous and non-cancerous cell lines using a cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. The LP-5 protein had the lowest IC50 value against the liver cancer line HepG2, at 58.15 μg/ml. Dose-and time-dependent morphological changes, such as cell shrinkage, blebbing formation, and cell fragmentation, were observed in treated cells. Apoptosis markers were evaluated using qPCR, flow cytometry, and western blot, and it was found that LP-5 protein increased the expression of Bax, Caspass-3, -8, -9, Cytochrome-C, and PARP, while decreasing the expression of Bcl2. Cell cycle arrest was also analyzed through qPCR, flow cytometry. Western blot results showed upregulated p21 and p27while CDK2, CDK4, CDK6, Cycline D1, and Cycline E1 were downregulated. These results suggest that LP-5 protein has potential as an anticancer agent against liver cancer cells.","PeriodicalId":19975,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Zoology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67576240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Tamsulosin on Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms in Elderly Patients with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia","authors":"Ming Wang","doi":"10.17582/journal.pjz/20230228150209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17582/journal.pjz/20230228150209","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of tamsulosin combined with ginger moxibustion on lower urinary tract symptoms in elderly patients with prostatic hyperplasia. It provides basis and new way for the research and treatment of BPH. A total of 80 elderly patients with BPH and lower urinary tract symptoms admitted from March 2021 to July 2022 in our hospital were selected for the study. The patients were separated into ginger moxibustion group (G) with 40 patients and combined group (J) with 40 patients. Among them, the patients in Group G were only treated with ginger, while oral tamsulosin sustained release capsule combined with ginger was used in Group J. The course of treatment of both groups is 1 month, and the treatment is in progress. The changes of IPSS, QOL, residual urine volume, bladder volume, TCM symptom score and SF-36 score of patients in Group G and Group J were compared. Compared with Group G, the total IPSS score, SSS score, QOL score, bladder residual urine volume and TCM symptom score of Group J were lower ( P <0.05) after treatment. The MFR, SF-36 score and the treatment efficiency in Group J were higher ( P <0.05). Compared with simple ginger moxibustion, tamsulosin combined with ginger moxibustion can effectively improve the lower urinary tract symptoms of elderly patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia.","PeriodicalId":19975,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Zoology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67574442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A New Herbal Combination and Trigonella foenum graceum Improve Insulin Resistance, Insulin Signaling Genes, Adipokines Level and Body Weight in Type 2 Diabetic Rat Model","authors":"Sana Eijaz","doi":"10.17582/journal.pjz/20220712170720","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17582/journal.pjz/20220712170720","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19975,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Zoology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67562996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Age-Related Changes in the Gut Microbiota Composition of Hog Deer (Axis porcinus)","authors":"Hui-juan Yan","doi":"10.17582/journal.pjz/20190729100714","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17582/journal.pjz/20190729100714","url":null,"abstract":"Hui-juan Yan1, Wei Wang2,*, Jian-qiu Yu1, Jun Yi2, Li-li Niu1, Hong-wei Chen1, Yu Qu1, Yang Pu 1, Ang Chen1, Yan Zhong1, Wei-gang Chen1 and Xing-ming Yu1 1Chengdu Zoo, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China 2Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China Article Information Received 29 July 2019 Revised 12 May 2020 Accepted 20 January 2021 Available online 21 July 2023 (early access)","PeriodicalId":19975,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Zoology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67502340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary Sodium Butyrate Supplementation Alleviates High-Fat Diet-Induced Liver Injury by Activating Nrf2 in Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio)","authors":"Weijun Chen, Shi-yang Gao, Ping Sun, Xiaohui Sun, Yongbin Wei, Jing Chen, Jialong Chen","doi":"10.17582/journal.pjz/20220331180315","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17582/journal.pjz/20220331180315","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19975,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Zoology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67557178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Establishment and Evaluation of an Atherosclerotic Vulnerable Plaque Model Involving New Zealand Rabbits","authors":"Wenxiao Jia, Yilinuer Yilihamu, Yunling Wang, Shuang Ding, Dilinuerkezi Aihemaiti, Hanjiaerbieke Kukun, Y.‐P. Ning","doi":"10.17582/journal.pjz/20220926100938","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17582/journal.pjz/20220926100938","url":null,"abstract":"Toxoplasmosis is a parasitic disease that is transmitted by a variety of routes, including the ingestion of raw or undercooked meat.It infects roughly one-third of the world's population and is caused by Toxoplasma gondii, an obligate intracellular parasite.The goal of this research is to detect the existence and genotypes of T. gondii in beef and mutton, two of the most widely consumed red meats in Gaza, Palestine, using both ELISA and PCR techniques.For this purpose, 60 red meat samples were collected from butcheries in Gaza city, during the period from January to March 2021.These samples were divided evenly between beef and mutton.This study found that beef is devoid of T. gondii, whether tested using ELISA or PCR.On the contrary, both approaches detected T. gondii in mutton; however, the percentage of positive samples reported differed.For example, whereas T. gondii was detected in 14 (46.66 %) of 30 samples using ELISA, only 5 (16.66 %) of positive samples were detected using PCR.The genotyping results of the current investigation showed that the three DNA isolates were T. gondii type II.A Chisquare test was also implemented to evaluate the prevalence of T. gondii and the type of red meat samples (mutton and beef) examined using PCR and ELISA.Similarly, in the detection of T. gondii, a comparison of the PCR approach and ELISA was conducted, and all of these relationships were shown to be statistically significant, with p values < 0.05.Meanwhile, this investigation found that beef samples were devoid of T. gondii infection.Regardless of whether it was examined with an ELISA or a PCR, this study revealed the occurrence of T. gondii in mutton.The current study also concluded that eating raw or undercooked mutton is a potential risk factor for the transmission of T. gondii infection to humans.Besides, the occurrence of T. gondii type II in the three genotyped ADNA isolates.","PeriodicalId":19975,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Zoology","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147887557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aqueous Myrrh Extract Relieves Oxidative Stress-Dependent Nephrotoxicity Induced by Ethanol in Male Rats","authors":"Abeer Alahmari","doi":"10.17582/journal.pjz/20230207120254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17582/journal.pjz/20230207120254","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19975,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Zoology","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135157515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}