Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Value of whole-process quality control management in central sterile supply department nursing practice and nosocomial infection prevention.","authors":"Fengjuan Wang, Na Zhao","doi":"10.12669/pjms.42.3.13511","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.42.3.13511","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the application value of whole-process quality control(WPQC) management in central sterile supply department(CSSD) nursing management and nosocomial infection prevention.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>This was a retrospective study. A total of 300 medical instrument packs (including luminal devices) processed by the Sterilization Supply Center of Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University between January and June, 2025 were selected and randomly assigned, using a random number table, into a control group (<i>n=</i> 150) and an observation group (<i>n =</i> 150). The control group received standard CSSD nursing management, while the observation group was managed using the WPQC model. Sterilization qualification rates, error rates, time consumption at each processing stage, nurse compliance with operational standards, and the incidence of related nosocomial infections were compared between the two groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with the control group, the observation group demonstrated significantly higher qualification rates for recovery, cleaning, disinfection, sterilization, packaging, and distribution(all <i>P<</i> 0.05). The overall error rate was significantly lower in the observation group than in the control group(<i>P<</i> 0.05). The observation group also had shorter processing times for cleaning, packaging, and sterilization, with nurses showing better compliance with operational standards (<i>P<</i> 0.05, respectively). Furthermore, the overall incidence of related nosocomial infections was significantly reduced in the observation group(<i>P<</i> 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The implementation of WPQC management in CSSD nursing management may substantially improve qualification rates across all stages of medical instrument disinfection and sterilization, reduce error and infection rates, shorten processing time, and enhance nurses' adherence to operational standards.</p>","PeriodicalId":19958,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"42 3","pages":"588-593"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13080082/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147699171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of CDK15 and L1CAM Expression in Cervical Cancer Tissues with Clinicopathological Characteristics and Recurrence/Metastasis After Radical Hysterectomy.","authors":"Jingjing Li, Yuanyuan Su, Limin Chen, Yan An, Lin Shen","doi":"10.12669/pjms.42.3.13277","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.42.3.13277","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the association of CDK15(cyclin-dependent kinase 15) and L1CAM L1 (cell adhesion molecule) expression with clinicopathological characteristics and recurrence and/or metastasis after radical hysterectomy of cervical cancer.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>Retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of 80 patients with pathologically confirmed cervical cancer who underwent radical hysterectomy at Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University between January 2023 to January 2025. Differences in CDK15 and L1CAM L1 expression in cervical cancer tissues were compared across subgroups stratified by different clinicopathological characteristics, including age and International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics(FIGO) stage. Recurrence and metastasis in cervical cancer patients were documented within 12 months post-radical hysterectomy. The Kaplan-Meier method was employed to analyze the association of CDK15/L1CAM expression with recurrence-free survival(RFS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The positive expression rates of CDK15 and L1CAM in cervical cancer tissues were 51.25% and 47.50%, respectively-both significantly higher than the corresponding rates of 22.50% and 18.75% in adjacent non-cancerous tissues(P<0.05). In cervical cancer tissues, the expression of CDK15 exhibited statistically significant differences across subgroups stratified by FIGO stage, histological differentiation, lymph node metastasis, and lymphovascular invasion(P<0.05); whereas the expression of L1CAM demonstrated statistically significant differences across subgroups stratified by FIGO stage, maximum tumor diameter, and lymph node metastasis(P<0.05). Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that the 12 months RFS rate after radical hysterectomy was approximately 68.29% in cervical cancer patients with positive CDK15 expression, which was lower than the 89.74% in patients with negative CDK15 expression(Log-rank P=0.019).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CDK15 and L1CAM are highly expressed in cervical cancer tissues. Consequently, CDK15 and L1CAM hold promise as novel prognostic biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets for cervical cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":19958,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"42 3","pages":"621-628"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13080089/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147699260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk factors for bone cement leakage in percutaneous vertebroplasty and its prevention.","authors":"Chenyang Jiang, Jun Miao","doi":"10.12669/pjms.42.3.13396","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.42.3.13396","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To analyze the risk factors for bone cement leakage during percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) and establish a predictive model to guide clinical prevention.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>This retrospective study analyzed 120 patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCF) who underwent PVP between June 2018 to June 2022. Based on postoperative imaging, patients were divided into leakage group (72 vertebral bodies) and non-leakage group (84 vertebral bodies). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed on 15 clinical and radiographic variables. The predictive performance was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study included 120 patients, including 69 males and 51 females, with a mean age of 70.97 ± 5.04 years (range: 62-83 years),the analysis unit was the vertebral body, as some patients underwent multi-level PVP procedures, with the involvement of 156 vertebral bodies totally, 72 vertebral bodies had bone cement leakage and 84 vertebral bodies had no leakage, with a total leakage rate of 46.15% (72/156). Bone density (OR=4.953, P=0.001), cortical defect (OR=3.494, P=0.005), and bone cement injection volume (OR=2.885, P=0.016) were identified as independent risk factors for cement leakage. The combined predictive model incorporating these three factors demonstrated the highest diagnostic accuracy, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.774 (P<0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Low bone density, presence of cortical defects, and excessive cement volume independently increase leakage risk during PVP. Preoperative assessment and individualized cement injection strategies based on these factors may help reduce complication rates.</p>","PeriodicalId":19958,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"42 3","pages":"647-652"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13080095/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147699395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Construction of a ubiquitination-related gene signature to predict prognosis and treatment response in lung adenocarcinoma.","authors":"Xue Li, Jianian Lai, Meifang Guo, Zhen Lian","doi":"10.12669/pjms.42.3.13747","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.42.3.13747","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background & objective: </strong>The prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remains poor, primarily due to treatment resistance and a lack of effective biomarkers. This research investigated the potential of ubiquitination-related genes (UbRG) as prognostic indicators for LUAD.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>This study was conducted at Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital from May 2025 to October 2025. Leveraging data from TCGA, we initially employed WGCNA to identify key modules of UbRG associated with LUAD. Then, a multigene prognostic signature was developed. To investigate the mechanisms, GSEA and CIBERSORT were used to detect activated signaling pathways and immune landscape, respectively. Finally, drug sensitivity analysis was performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our analysis identified nine gene pairs that constitute the UbRG prognostic signature, with individuals in the high-risk cohort generally experiencing worse outcomes. Pathway enrichment analyses revealed immune response pathways in the low-risk cohort and the cell cycle and DNA replication pathways in the high-risk cohort. CIBERSORT revealed distinct immune cell distributions, with more CD4⁺ T cells and DCs in the low-risk cohort. Drug sensitivity analysis suggest that the low-risk group may exhibit a greater sensitivity to both chemotherapy and targeted treatments.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study presents a novel UbRG signature for LUAD prognosis, emphasizing the role of ubiquitination in the immune response. These findings may guide future therapeutic strategies in LUAD.</p>","PeriodicalId":19958,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"42 3","pages":"715-724"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13080093/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147699168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The efficacy of Qingjin Huazhuo Decoction combined with acupuncture therapy on pulmonary function and quality of life in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.","authors":"Yun Liu, Yuzhen Pei, Zenglu Kang, Hongqian Yan, Xiangyan Yu","doi":"10.12669/pjms.42.3.13454","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.42.3.13454","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the efficacy of Qingjin Huazhuo Decoction combined with acupuncture in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD).</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>A retrospective analysis was conducted on 80 AECOPD patients admitted between October 2023 and February 2025. Patients were divided into a control group (n=40, treated with standard Western medicine) and a study group (n=40, treated with standard therapy plus Qingjin Huazhuo Decoction and acupuncture). Pulmonary function, clinical symptoms, exercise capacity, inflammatory markers, blood gas parameters, and adverse events were compared before and after treatment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After treatment, both groups showed improvements in pulmonary function indicators (FEV1, FVC, PEF, FEV1/FVC), with the study group showing significantly greater gains (P<0.05). The study group also had greater improvements in mMRC and CAT scores, and longer 6-minute walk distance. Serum IL-6 and CRP levels declined significantly in both groups, with larger reductions observed in the study group (P<0.05). Post-treatment PaCO₂ was lower and PaO₂ higher in the study group compared to controls (P<0.05). No significant difference was found in the incidence of adverse reactions between the groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this retrospective analysis, Qingjin Huazhuo Decoction combined with acupuncture therapy was associated with improved pulmonary function, exercise capacity, symptom/health status, inflammatory markers, and blood gas parameters in hospitalized patients with AECOPD, with comparable safety to conventional therapy. These findings are hypothesis-generating and should be confirmed in prospective randomized controlled trials.</p>","PeriodicalId":19958,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"42 3","pages":"755-763"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13080049/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147699503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seroprevalence of Hepatitis-E infection in healthy blood donors in an endemic country.","authors":"Lubna Kamani, Adeel Rahat, Sana Anwar","doi":"10.12669/pjms.42.3.11545","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.42.3.11545","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine the frequency of Hepatitis-E prevalence among blood donors at a tertiary care hospital in Karachi.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted among healthy blood donors at the blood donation facility of Liaquat National Hospital (LNH) by Departments of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Microbiology from October 2020 to January 2022. The blood samples were screened for Hepatitis E virus (HEV) using anti-HEV antibodies (IgG and IgM). Those who tested positive for anti-HEV IgM were tested for HEV-RNA by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain (PCR).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 515 individuals were screened. The mean age was 30.08±7.56 years, and all were males. The mean ALT values recorded were 42.8447±32. Anti HEV IgG was positive in 366 individuals (71%). Anti HEV IgM was positive in 31 (6%) individuals, but HEV - RNA PCR was negative in all IgM+ individuals.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The high seroprevalence of Anti HEV IgM among healthy blood donors emphasizes the need for robust measures of routine screening for HEV of all blood products in endemic countries to prevent transfusion dependent transmission with special consideration when the recipients are either immunocompromised or pregnant.</p>","PeriodicalId":19958,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"42 3","pages":"692-696"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13080081/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147699506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quality of Life in relation to Vitamin-D levels in asymptomatic young health care professionals in a tertiary care hospital: Quality of Life and Vitamin-D (QoLD) study.","authors":"Azizul Hasan Aamir, Shaista Kanwal, Azmat Ali Khan","doi":"10.12669/pjms.42.3.11603","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.42.3.11603","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>We have assessed the Vitamin-D status and its association with health-related quality of life in healthy young health care professionals in a tertiary care hospital in Pakistan.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>This cross-sectional study was performed in the Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar, Pakistan. Three hundred and nineteen healthy young health care professionals (HCPs) aged 20-40 years of age were enrolled in July 2023 using non-probability convenient sampling method. Vitamin-D status was categorized as deficient (<20 ng/ml), insufficient (21-29 ng/ml), or sufficient (≥30 ng/ml) per Endocrine Society guidelines. The Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short Form Health Survey measured health related quality of life (HRQoL). ANOVA compared continuous variables, while Chi-square tested categorical variables. A p value < 0.05 indicated statistical significance in the two-sided analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From July 1st to July 31st, 2023, 319 individuals were recruited, with a mean age of 28.2 ± 4.96 years, with 230 (72.1%) males and 89 (27.9%) females. The mean serum 25-hydroxyVitamin-D concentration was 24.9 ± 9.55 ng/ml with 82.1% being either deficient or insufficient. The mean physical component score (PCS), mental component score (MCS) and total short form-36 (SF-36) score were 81.2 ± 11.4, 77.9 ± 12.9 and 79.6 ± 11.1 respectively. Vitamin-D did not affect total SF-36 score (p=0.09). Only role limitation due to emotional issues (p=0.04), energy/fatigue (p=0.04), and emotional wellness (p=0.03) showed significant differences, with lower scores in the deficient group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Most healthy young HCPs were Vitamin-D insufficient, whilst 95% had a mean SF-36 score >50. However, there was no relationship between Vitamin-D status and the quality of life.</p>","PeriodicalId":19958,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"42 3","pages":"557-564"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13080040/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147699415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of per operative methotrexate infusion with postoperative intra silicon oil methotrexate injections for prevention of proliferative vitreoretinopathy development after vitrectomy for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment repair.","authors":"Ahmad Zeeshan Jamil, Muhammad Hannan Jamil, Abdullah Muaz, Hina Nazir","doi":"10.12669/pjms.42.3.13344","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.42.3.13344","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare the efficacy of repeated intrasilicon oil methotrexate injections with methotrexate infusion during pars plana vitrectomy in preventing proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) development.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>This randomized controlled trial was conducted at Sahiwal Teaching Hospital, Sahiwal and Ali Fatima Teaching Hospital Lahore from March 2024 to May 2025. Study included patients of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment of both genders from 20 to 70 years of age. Patients were divided into two groups with 60 subjects in each group. Group one was regarded as control group where per operative methotrexate (MTX) infusion was used. Group two was regarded as the study group that received repeated injections of intra-silicon oil MTX. Primary outcomes were proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) development and retinal re-detachment at three months. Secondary outcome was visual acuity improvement.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 66(55%) male and 54(45%) female patients. Postoperatively visual acuity improved in 48(80%) cases in group one and 44(73.3%) cases in group two. PVR developed in 6(10%) patients in group one while no patient developed PVR in group two. Recurrent retinal detachment occurred in 8(13.3%) cases in group one and 2(3.3%) cases in group two. Chi-square test showed that there was statistically significant difference between the two groups in the development of PVR and retinal re-detachment (p<0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Repeated intra-silicon oil injections of MTX are more effective than intraoperative infusion of MTX in preventing the development of PVR and decreasing the rate of retinal re-detachment.<b>Registration No.: NCT:</b> 06289205.</p>","PeriodicalId":19958,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"42 3","pages":"666-670"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13080039/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147699200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An immunoinformatic strategy for developing peptide vaccines against autoimmune diseases by targeting cross-reactive bacterial antigens.","authors":"Hamid Nawaz Tipu, Mustajab Alam","doi":"10.12669/pjms.42.3.13091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.42.3.13091","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To identify potential immunogenic peptide vaccine candidates targeting bacterial proteins implicated in autoimmune disorders via molecular mimicry, employing a population-specific immunoinformatic approach.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>This cross sectional in silico bioinformatics study was carried out in Department of Immunology, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Rawalpindi, in August 2025. Fourteen proteins from eleven bacteria were selected due to their reported association with autoimmune disorders. FASTA sequences were retrieved and 15mer peptides generated. Binding affinities to three commonest HLA II alleles in Pakistan were determined using NetMHCIIpan-4.0. Strong binders were screened with BLASTP to remove 100% homologous peptides to human proteins. Rest of the peptides were assessed for CD4 T lymphocytes immunogenicity using Immune Epitope Database combined method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From 14 bacterial proteins of 11 bacteria, 240 initial strong binders to HLA DRB1*03:01, 13:01 and 14:04 were identified. Four were excluded due to complete homology to at least one of human proteins. Of the remaining 236, 38 peptides exhibited high CD4 immunogenicity score (median percentile rank < 20). These peptides originated from eight proteins of seven bacterial species, each associated with specific autoimmune disorders.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The immunoinformatic approach successfully identified 38 peptides as potential candidates for synthetic peptide vaccines against bacterial proteins implicated in autoimmunity. It has advantage of being rapid, population specific and reduces cost. It should be kept in mind that all bioinformatic findings must be confirmed by in vitro functional assays and in vivo studies before clinical trials.</p>","PeriodicalId":19958,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"42 3","pages":"725-730"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13080090/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147699187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of COACH2COACH and R2C2 (Relationship, Reaction, Content, Coaching) Model in Improving Peer-feedback for students' professional development.","authors":"Sana Siddiqui, Usman Mahboob, Sana Shah, Syed Muhammad Junaid","doi":"10.12669/pjms.42.3.13743","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.42.3.13743","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background & objective: </strong>Medical students seldom receive meaningful feedback; therefore, they lack professional development skills regarding peer feedback. Although several peer feedback training interventions exist, comparative evidence demonstrating the superiority of one model over another is limited. The objective of our study was to compare two interventions, Coach2coach and R2C2 (relationship, reaction, content, coaching), for improving peer feedback for students' professional development.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>The quasi-experimental study was conducted at the Armed Forces Institute of Dentistry in 2022. The Coach2coach and R2C2 models were used for teaching peer feedback skills to final year dental students in a two-group separate sample pre-posttest design. Mini PAT was used to compare the pre-post workshop results of the Coach2coach and R2C2 models. The Kirkpatrick model guided intervention evaluation, and Wilcoxon test was used to measure the effectiveness of the Coach2coach and R2C2 models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The Coach2coach model (n = 27) showed a significant change in all feedback items with significant values below 0.05 and a 60% learning gain. The R2C2 model (n = 25) also improved feedback skills, but not for items three and eight of mini-PAT, which had significant values above 0.05 with an overall learning gain of 35%. Hence, the Coach2coach model was more effective than R2C2 model in enhancing peer feedback skills.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Both models increased students' peer feedback abilities, allowing them to grow professionally; however, Coach2coach model was deemed more efficient.</p>","PeriodicalId":19958,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"42 3","pages":"748-754"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13080086/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147699364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}