Pharmacological Reports最新文献

{"title":"Assessing the effects of 5-HT_2A and 5-HT_5A receptor antagonists on DOI-induced head-twitch response in male rats using marker-less deep learning algorithms.","authors":"Ewelina Cyrano, Piotr Popik","doi":"10.1007/s43440-024-00679-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s43440-024-00679-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Serotonergic psychedelics, which display a high affinity and specificity for 5-HT_2A receptors like 2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodoamphetamine (DOI), reliably induce a head-twitch response in rodents characterized by paroxysmal, high-frequency head rotations. Traditionally, this behavior is manually counted by a trained observer. Although automation could simplify and facilitate data collection, current techniques require the surgical implantation of magnetic markers into the rodent's skull or ear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study aimed to assess the feasibility of a marker-less workflow for detecting head-twitch responses using deep learning algorithms. High-speed videos were analyzed using the DeepLabCut neural network to track head movements, and the Simple Behavioral Analysis (SimBA) toolkit was employed to build models identifying specific head-twitch responses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In studying DOI (0.3125-2.5 mg/kg) effects, the deep learning algorithm workflow demonstrated a significant correlation with human observations. As expected, the preferential 5-HT_2A receptor antagonist ketanserin (0.625 mg/kg) attenuated DOI (1.25 mg/kg)-induced head-twitch responses. In contrast, the 5-HT_5A receptor antagonists SB 699,551 (3 and 10 mg/kg), and ASP 5736 (0.01 and 0.03 mg/kg) failed to do so.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Previous drug discrimination studies demonstrated that the 5-HT_5A receptor antagonists attenuated the interoceptive cue of a potent hallucinogen LSD, suggesting their anti-hallucinatory effects. Nonetheless, the present results were not surprising and support the head-twitch response as selective for 5-HT_2A and not 5-HT_5A receptor activation. We conclude that the DeepLabCut and SimBA toolkits offer a high level of objectivity and can accurately and efficiently identify compounds that induce or inhibit head-twitch responses, making them valuable tools for high-throughput research.</p>","PeriodicalId":19947,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Reports","volume":" ","pages":"135-144"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11743402/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142731751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Select terpenes from Cannabis sativa are antinociceptive in mouse models of post-operative pain and fibromyalgia via adenosine A_2a receptors.","authors":"Caleb A Seekins, Alyssa M Welborn, Abigail M Schwarz, John M Streicher","doi":"10.1007/s43440-024-00687-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s43440-024-00687-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Terpenes from Cannabis show promise for pain management. Our lab found that the terpenes geraniol, linalool, β-caryophyllene, and α-humulene relieve chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy via Adenosine A_2a receptors (A_2aR). This suggests terpenes as potential non-opioid, non-cannabinoid therapeutics. In this study, we investigated post-operative and fibromyalgia pain, expanding potential terpene applications to different pain types.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Male and female CD-1 mice had their baseline mechanical sensitivity measured via von Frey filaments and underwent either paw incision surgery or reserpine-induced fibromyalgia (0.32 mg/kg, sc). After pain was established, the mice received 200 mg/kg ip of a terpene, and their mechanical sensitivity was measured over three hours. To determine the potential mechanism of action, mice were given the A_2aR antagonist istradefylline (3.2 mg/kg, ip) 10 min before terpene, with mechanical sensitivity measured after. Hot plate pain testing was performed as a control.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Terpene treatment caused time-dependent elevation of the mechanical thresholds of the mice from both pain models, strongest for geraniol, then linalool or α-humulene, indicating that these four terpenes are anti-nociceptive in post-surgical and fibromyalgia pain. Pretreatment with istradefylline blocked antinociception, suggesting the terpenes act via the A_2aR in these pain models. Terpenes had no effect on hot plate latencies, ruling out non-specific motor effects.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results demonstrate that the terpenes geraniol, linalool, β-caryophyllene, and α-humulene may be a viable medication for post-operative and fibromyalgia pain relief. Their mechanism of action via the A_2aR furthers our knowledge of its importance in pain processing and as a target of terpene drugs.</p>","PeriodicalId":19947,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Reports","volume":" ","pages":"172-181"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11974608/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142813926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ursolic acid in colorectal cancer: mechanisms, current status, challenges, and future research directions.","authors":"Huici Zhang, Xiaoyu Zhang, Xijun Ma, Xuan Wang","doi":"10.1007/s43440-024-00684-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s43440-024-00684-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks as the third most prevalent cancer globally, contributing to approximately 10% of all cancer cases and representing the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Ursolic acid (UA), a widely studied pentacyclic triterpenoid, has attracted substantial attention from researchers and clinicians due to its potential therapeutic effects against malignant tumors. Multiple studies have confirmed that UA inhibits tumor cell proliferation, induces differentiation and apoptosis, suppresses invasion, and impedes tumor angiogenesis via diverse mechanisms. However, research specifically addressing UA's anti-CRC effects remains limited, and systematic reviews of its underlying mechanisms in CRC are scarce. This study seeks to provide a comprehensive review of UA's mechanisms of action against CRC, offering valuable insights and references for researchers and clinicians.</p>","PeriodicalId":19947,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Reports","volume":" ","pages":"72-86"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142769966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long noncoding RNA MEG3: an active player in fibrosis.","authors":"Xiaoying Jiang","doi":"10.1007/s43440-024-00661-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s43440-024-00661-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fibrosis, characterized by excess accumulation of extracellular matrix components, disrupts normal tissue structure and causes organ dysfunction. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a subset of RNAs longer than 200 nucleotides that are not converted into proteins. The increasing research indicated that lncRNA maternally expressed gene 3 (MEG3) was dysregulated in the pathologic process of fibrosis in several tissues. LncRNA MEG3 was revealed to regulate the expression of target proteins or serve as a miRNAs sponge to control the development of fibrosis, which was involved in NF-ҡB, PI3K/AKT, JAK2/STAT3, Wnt/β-catenin, ERK/p38, and Hh pathway. Importantly, the interference of MEG3 level ameliorated fibrosis. The present review summarized available studies of lncRNA MEG3 in fibrosis, which is helpful for a deeper understanding of the roles of MEG3 in fibrosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":19947,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Reports","volume":" ","pages":"21-30"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142381409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acyclic sesquiterpenes nerolidol and farnesol: mechanistic insights into their neuroprotective potential.","authors":"Anish Singh, Lovedeep Singh","doi":"10.1007/s43440-024-00672-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s43440-024-00672-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sesquiterpenes are a class of organic compounds found in plants, fungi, and some insects. They are characterized by the presence of three isoprene units, resulting in a molecular formula that typically contains 15 carbon atoms (C₁₅H₂₄). Nerolidol and farnesol are both sesquiterpene alcohols present in the essential oils of numerous plants. They have drawn attention due to their potential neuroprotective properties. Nerolidol and farnesol are structural isomers, specifically geometric isomers, haring the same molecular formula (C₁₅H₂₄O) but differing in the spatial arrangement of their atoms. This variation in structure may contribute to their distinct biological activities. Scientific evidence suggests that nerolidol and farnesol exhibit antioxidant and anti-inflammatory characteristics which are crucial for neuroprotection. Nerolidol has been specifically noted for its ability to alleviate conditions such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, encephalomyelitis, depression, and anxiety by modulating inflammatory and oxidative stress pathways. Moreover, research indicates that both nerolidol and farnesol may modulate the Nrf-2/HO-1 antioxidant signaling pathway to mitigate oxidative stress-induced neurological damage. Activation of Nrf-2/HO-1 signaling cascade promotes cell survival and enhances the brain's ability to resist various insults. Nerolidol has also been reported to alleviate neuroinflammation by inhibiting the TLR-4/NF-κB and COX-2/NF-κB inflammatory signaling pathway. Besides, this nerolidol also modulates BDNF/TrkB/CREB signaling pathway to improve neuronal health. To date, limited research has delved into the anti-inflammatory properties of farnesol concerning neurodegenerative diseases. Further investigation is warranted to comprehensively elucidate the mechanisms underlying its action and potential therapeutic uses in neuroprotection. Initial observations indicate that farnesol exhibits promising prospects as a natural agent for safeguarding brain functions. Henceforth, drawing upon existing literature elucidating the neuroprotective attributes of nerolidol and farnesol, the current review endeavors to provide a detailed analysis of their mechanistic underpinnings in neuroprotection.</p>","PeriodicalId":19947,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Reports","volume":" ","pages":"31-42"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142472210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anticancer potential of osthole: targeting gynecological tumors and breast cancer.","authors":"Yingqi Han, Zhengao Sun","doi":"10.1007/s43440-024-00685-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s43440-024-00685-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gynecological tumors, such as ovarian, endometrial, and cervical cancers, alongside breast cancer, represent significant malignancies that pose serious threats to women's health worldwide. Standard treatments, including surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and targeted therapies, are commonly utilized in clinical practice. However, challenges such as high recurrence rates, drug resistance, and adverse side effects underscore the urgent need for more effective therapeutic options. Osthole, a natural coumarin compound derived from Chinese herbal medicine, has demonstrated remarkable antitumor activity against various cancers. Emerging evidence indicates that osthole can inhibit the proliferation, invasion, and metastasis of gynecological and breast cancer cells through various mechanisms, including inducing apoptosis and autophagy, regulating the tumor microenvironment, inhibiting tumor angiogenesis, and enhancing the sensitivity of cancer cells to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. This review highlights the recent advancements in osthole research within the context of gynecological and breast cancers, focusing on its molecular mechanisms, and offers a theoretical foundation for its potential development as an anticancer agent.</p>","PeriodicalId":19947,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Reports","volume":" ","pages":"87-102"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142771293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The quest for optimal ketamine dosing formula in treatment-resistant major depressive disorder.","authors":"Julia Kwaśna, Wiesław Jerzy Cubała, Aleksander Kwaśny, Alina Wilkowska","doi":"10.1007/s43440-024-00637-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s43440-024-00637-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Emerging evidence indicates that intravenous ketamine is effective in managing treatment-resistant unipolar and bipolar depression. Clinical studies highlight its favorable efficacy, safety, and tolerability profile within a dosage range of 0.5-1.0 mg/kg based on actual body weight. However, data on alternative dosage calculation methods, particularly in relation to body mass index (BMI) and therapeutic outcomes, remain limited.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective analysis of an open-label study aims to evaluate dose calculation strategies and their impact on treatment response among inpatients with treatment-resistant major depressive disorder (MDD) (n = 28). The study employed the Boer and Devine formulas to determine lean body mass (LBM) and ideal body weight (IBW), and the Mosteller formula to estimate body surface area (BSA). The calculated doses were then compared with the actual doses administered or converted to a dosage per square meter for both responders and non-responders.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Regardless of treatment response, defined as a reduction of 50% in the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale, the use of alternative ketamine dosing formulas resulted in underdosing compared to the standardized dose of 0.5 mg/kg. Only two participants received higher doses (102.7% and 113.0%) when the Devine formula was applied.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study suggests that ketamine dosing formulas, alternative to the standardized 0.5 mg/kg based on body weight, may lead to underdosing and potentially impact outcome interpretation. To enhance dosing accuracy, future studies should consider incorporating body impedance analysis and waist-to-hip ratio measurements, as this study did not account for body composition.</p>","PeriodicalId":19947,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Reports","volume":" ","pages":"1318-1324"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11582266/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142110771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"LY354740, an agonist of glutamatergic metabotropic receptor mGlu_2/3 increases the cytochrome P450 2D (CYP2D) activity in the frontal cortical area of rat brain.","authors":"Ewa Bromek, Anna Haduch, Renata Pukło, Władysława A Daniel","doi":"10.1007/s43440-024-00675-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s43440-024-00675-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Our previous studies indicated that changes in the functioning of the brain glutamatergic system involving the NMDA receptor may affect cytochrome P450 2D (CYP2D) in the brain. Since CYP2D may contribute to the metabolism of neurotransmitters and neurosteroids engaged in the pathology and pharmacology of neuropsychiatric diseases, in the present work we have investigated the effect of compound LY354740, an agonist of glutamatergic metabotropic receptor mGlu_2/3, on brain and liver CYP2D.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The activity (high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection) and protein levels (Western blotting) of CYP2D were measured in the microsomes from the liver and different brain areas of male Wistar rats after 5 day-treatment with LY354740 (10 mg/kg ip). The results were analyzed statistically using Student's t-test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the investigated brain areas, the highest CYP2D activity was found in the cerebellum and brainstem, which exceeded that in the thalamus, cortex, hippocampus and frontal cortex. The mGlu_2/3 receptor agonist LY354740 administered for five consecutive days significantly increased the protein level and activity of CYP2D in the frontal cortex. Such a tendency was also observed in the other brain areas. LY354740 did not affect the CYP2D activity in the liver.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Repeated administration of the mGlu_2/3 receptor agonist, the compound LY354740 specifically increases the protein level and activity of CYP2D in the frontal cortex, which may accelerate dopamine synthesis via an alternative CYP2D-mediated route in the mesocortical dopaminergic pathway, and thus may contribute to the beneficial pharmacological effect on negative symptoms of schizophrenia.</p>","PeriodicalId":19947,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Reports","volume":" ","pages":"1482-1488"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11582139/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142576369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sleep alterations in treatment-resistant depression patients undergoing ketamine treatment.","authors":"Aleksander Kwaśny, Wiesław Jerzy Cubała, Adam Włodarczyk, Krzysztof Pastuszak","doi":"10.1007/s43440-024-00641-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s43440-024-00641-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study examines self-reported sleep alterations in treatment-resistant depression (TRD) inpatients following intravenous ketamine administration.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a post-hoc analysis of a naturalistic observational study, which enrolled 28 inpatients with treatment-resistant major depressive disorder and analyzed self-reported sleep changes (items 1-4; 'insomnia', 'nighttime restlessness', 'early morning waking', 'hypersomnia') in Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology 30-item (IDS SR-30) in responders and non-responders stratified per Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) during short-term ketamine treatment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Responders, as well as non-responders, did not experience significant changes in IDS SR-30 sleep items ('insomnia', 'nighttime restlessness', 'early morning waking', 'hypersomnia') (p's > 0.05) at 7-day follow-up after eight intravenous ketamine infusions as compared to baseline.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Neither responders, nor non-responders reported any significant alterations in sleep patterns during ketamine infusions. These findings are not in line with current literature, as so far modest improvements in sleep during ketamine treatment have been reported. Results should be interpreted with caution, primarily due to the small sample size.</p>","PeriodicalId":19947,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Reports","volume":" ","pages":"1325-1332"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11582297/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142110770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive evaluation of ibuprofenate amino acid isopropyl esters: insights into antioxidant activity, cytocompatibility, and cyclooxygenase inhibitory potential.","authors":"Magdalena Perużyńska, Anna Nowak, Anna Muzykiewicz-Szymańska, Łukasz Kucharski, Joanna Klebeko, Karolina Bilska, Ewelina Kopciuch, Radosław Birger, Marek Droździk, Paula Ossowicz-Rupniewska","doi":"10.1007/s43440-024-00666-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s43440-024-00666-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are widely used for pain relief and inflammation management, but there are challenges related to poor solubility and bioavailability. We explored modifications of ibuprofen (IBU) by forming ionic pairs using amino acid alkyl esters to enhance solubility without compromising the ability to inhibit cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 and COX-2). We comprehensively evaluated the pharmacological properties of the IBU derivatives, focusing on antioxidant activity (based on the ability to scavenge DPPH and ABTS), biocompatibility (using human dermal fibroblasts), and COX inhibitory potential. The antioxidant activity assays significantly enhanced DPPH scavenging activity for several IBU derivatives, particularly [L-SerOiPr][IBU], suggesting potential therapeutic benefits. There was enhanced cell viability with select derivatives, indicating possible stimulatory effects on cellular proliferation. Finally, predominant COX-1 inhibition across derivatives was consistent with IBU's profile. This study provides insights into the pharmacological properties of IBU amino acid derivatives, highlighting their potential as therapeutic agents. Further exploration into structure-activity relationships and in vivo efficacy warranted to advance these derivatives toward clinical applications, offering prospects for novel NSAIDs with enhanced efficacy and reduced side effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":19947,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Reports","volume":" ","pages":"1470-1481"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11582120/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142472211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}