Parasite Immunology最新文献

{"title":"Circulatory cytokines during the piroplasm stage of natural Theileria annulata infection in cattle.","authors":"Kenan Çağrı Tümer,&nbsp;Meltem Kızıl","doi":"10.1111/pim.12973","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pim.12973","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The objective of the present study was to investigate the inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokine response from a broad perspective in cattle with natural Theileria annulata infection. Ten cattle naturally infected with T. annulata and eight healthy cattle were included in this study. A total of 11 cytokines, including tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interferon-γ (IFN-γ), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12, IL-13, and IL-17 were evaluated in serum samples using commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits. There was no statistical significance for serum TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-5, IL-6, and IL-17 levels between the T. annulata infected and healthy cattle. In contrast, the median serum levels of IFN-γ (p = .023), IL-2 (p = .066), IL4 (p = .0016), IL-10 (p = .00087), IL-12 (p = .00018), and IL-13 (p = .023) were significantly higher in T. annulata-infected cattle than in healthy cattle. The results of the present study revealed that in the intraerythrocytic stage of tropical theileriosis, a very pronounced anti-inflammatory response occurs as well as an ongoing inflammatory process.</p>","PeriodicalId":19931,"journal":{"name":"Parasite Immunology","volume":"45 5","pages":"e12973"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9402846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modulation of circulating cytokine production in alcoholic patients infected with Strongyloides stercoralis.","authors":"Alex Bruno da Silva Souza,&nbsp;Joelma Nascimento De Souza,&nbsp;Cíntia de Lima Oliveira,&nbsp;Nilo Manoel Pereira Vieira Barreto,&nbsp;Wéslei Almeida Costa,&nbsp;Ricardo Riccio Oliveira,&nbsp;Márcia Cristina Aquino Teixeira,&nbsp;Neci Matos Soares","doi":"10.1111/pim.12977","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pim.12977","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Strongyloidiasis control is associated with a Th2 immune response. However, alcohol ingestion plays an important role in modulating the immune system. The aim of this study is to evaluate the occurrence of Strongyloides stercoralis infection in alcoholic patients, the levels of circulating cytokines (IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, IL-15 and IL-17), and its correlation with modulation of parasitic load in alcoholic individuals infected with S. stercoralis. A total of 336 alcoholic patients, treated at the Alcoholic Care and Treatment Center were included in this study. The cytokine levels were measured by a commercial ELISA in 80 sera divided into four groups with 20 individuals each: alcoholics infected (ASs+) and not infected (ASs-) with S. stercoralis and non-alcoholics infected (NASs+) and not infected (NASs-) with the helminth. S. stercoralis frequency in alcoholic patients was 16.1% (54/336). The parasitic load varied from 1 to 546 larvae/g of faeces, median and interquartile range (IQR) of 9 and 1.0-62.5 larvae/g of faeces, while in non-alcoholic individuals the parasitic load was less than 10 larvae/g of faeces. Levels of circulating IL-4 were significantly higher in ASs+ when compared with NASs- group (p < .05). An inverse correlation between serum levels of IFN-γ and parasitic load in alcoholic patients infected with S. stercoralis was observed (r = -601; p < 0.01). These results suggest that modulation of IFN-γ production occurs in alcoholic individuals with high parasitic burden.</p>","PeriodicalId":19931,"journal":{"name":"Parasite Immunology","volume":"45 5","pages":"e12977"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10205246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gastrointestinal worms and bacteria: From association to intervention.","authors":"James Rooney,&nbsp;Cinzia Cantacessi,&nbsp;Javier Sotillo,&nbsp;Alba Cortés","doi":"10.1111/pim.12955","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pim.12955","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A plethora of studies, both experimental and epidemiological, have indicated the occurrence of associations between infections by gastrointestinal (GI) helminths and the composition and function of the host gut microbiota. Given the worldwide risk and spread of anthelmintic resistance, particularly for GI parasites of livestock, a better understanding of the mechanisms underpinning the relationships between GI helminths and the gut microbiome, and between the latter and host health, may assist the development of novel microbiome-targeting and other bacteria-based strategies for parasite control. In this article, we review current and prospective methods to manipulate the host gut microbiome, and/or to exploit the immune stimulatory and modulatory properties of gut bacteria (and their products) to counteract the negative impact of GI worm infections; we also discuss the potential applications of these intervention strategies in programmes aimed to aid the fight against helminth diseases of humans and livestock.</p>","PeriodicalId":19931,"journal":{"name":"Parasite Immunology","volume":"45 4","pages":"e12955"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9334333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of helminth-microbiome interactions on childhood health and development-A clinical perspective.","authors":"Antonia Piazzesi,&nbsp;Lorenza Putignani","doi":"10.1111/pim.12949","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pim.12949","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Humans have co-existed with parasites for virtually the entirety of our existence as a species. Today, nearly one third of the human population is infected with at least one helminthic species, most of which reside in the intestinal tract, where they have co-evolved alongside the human gut microbiota (GM). Appreciation for the interconnected relationship between helminths and GM has increased in recent years. Here, we review the evidence of how helminths and GM can influence various aspects of childhood development and the onset of paediatric diseases. We discuss the emerging evidence of how many of the changes that parasitic worms inflict on their host is enacted through gut microbes. In this light, we argue that helminth-induced microbiota modifications are of great importance in both facing the global challenge of overcoming parasitic infections, and in replicating helminthic protective effects against inflammatory diseases. We propose that deepening our knowledge of helminth-microbiota interactions will uncover novel, safer and more effective therapeutic strategies in combatting an array of childhood disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":19931,"journal":{"name":"Parasite Immunology","volume":"45 4","pages":"e12949"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9710701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of the host gut microbiome in the pathophysiology of schistosomiasis.","authors":"Klara A Stark,&nbsp;Gabriel Rinaldi,&nbsp;Alba Cortés,&nbsp;Alice Costain,&nbsp;Andrew S MacDonald,&nbsp;Cinzia Cantacessi","doi":"10.1111/pim.12970","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pim.12970","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The pathophysiology of schistosomiasis is linked to the formation of fibrous granulomas around eggs that become trapped in host tissues, particularly the intestines and liver, during their migration to reach the lumen of the vertebrate gut. While the development of Schistosoma egg-induced granulomas is the result of finely regulated crosstalk between egg-secreted antigens and host immunity, evidence has started to emerge of the likely contribution of an additional player-the host gut microbiota-to pathological processes that culminate with the formation of these tissue lesions. Uncovering the role(s) of schistosome-mediated changes in gut microbiome composition and function in granuloma formation and, more broadly, in the pathophysiology of schistosomiasis, will shed light on the mechanisms underlying this three-way parasite-host-microbiome interplay. Such knowledge may, in turn, pave the way towards the discovery of novel therapeutic targets and control strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":19931,"journal":{"name":"Parasite Immunology","volume":"45 4","pages":"e12970"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9711748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Th2 and metabolic responses to nematodes are independent of prolonged host microbiota abrogation.","authors":"Luis E Elizalde-Velázquez,&nbsp;Ivet A Yordanova,&nbsp;Wjatscheslaw Liublin,&nbsp;Joshua Adjah,&nbsp;Ruth Leben,&nbsp;Sebastian Rausch,&nbsp;Raluca Niesner,&nbsp;Susanne Hartmann","doi":"10.1111/pim.12957","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pim.12957","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Antibiotic treatment can lead to elimination of both pathogenic bacteria and beneficial commensals, as well as to altered host immune responses. Here, we investigated the influence of prolonged antibiotic treatment (Abx) on effector, memory and recall Th2 immune responses during the primary infection, memory phase and secondary infection with the small intestinal nematode Heligmosomoides polygyrus. Abx treatment significantly reduced gut bacterial loads, but neither worm burdens, nor worm fecundity in primary infection were affected, only worm burdens in secondary infection were elevated in Abx treated mice. Abx mice displayed trends for elevated effector and memory Th2 responses during primary infection, but overall frequencies of Th2 cells in the siLP, PEC, mLN and in the spleen were similar between Abx treated and untreated groups. Gata3⁺ effector and memory Th2 cytokine responses also remained unimpaired by prolonged Abx treatment. Similarly, the energy production and defence mechanisms of the host tissue and the parasite depicted by NAD(P)H fluorescence lifetime imaging (FLIM) did not change by the prolonged use of antibiotics. We show evidence that the host Th2 response to intestinal nematodes, as well as host and parasite metabolic pathways are robust and remain unimpaired by host microbiota abrogation.</p>","PeriodicalId":19931,"journal":{"name":"Parasite Immunology","volume":"45 4","pages":"e12957"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9397695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diet-microbiota crosstalk and immunity to helminth infection.","authors":"Laura J Myhill,&nbsp;Andrew R Williams","doi":"10.1111/pim.12965","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pim.12965","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Helminths are large multicellular parasites responsible for widespread chronic disease in humans and animals. Intestinal helminths live in close proximity with the host gut microbiota and mucosal immune network, resulting in reciprocal interactions that closely influence the course of infections. Diet composition may strongly regulate gut microbiota composition and intestinal immune function and therefore may play a key role in modulating anti-helminth immune responses. Characterizing the multitude of interactions that exist between different dietary components (e.g., dietary fibres), immune cells, and the microbiota, may shed new light on regulation of helminth-specific immunity. This review focuses on the current knowledge of how metabolism of dietary components shapes immune response during helminth infection, and how this information may be potentially harnessed to design new therapeutics to manage parasitic infections and associated diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":19931,"journal":{"name":"Parasite Immunology","volume":"45 4","pages":"e12965"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9397734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Worms and gut microbes-Best of frenemies.","authors":"Cinzia Cantacessi","doi":"10.1111/pim.12974","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pim.12974","url":null,"abstract":"Over millions of years, helminths have shared their host habitat with a myriad of other microorganisms, collectively known as the ‘microbiota’. Of the microbial communities that inhabit host organs and tissues, those residing in the gastrointestinal tract are known to play active roles in several key biological processes, including but not limited to, nutrient processing and absorption, defence against pathogens and, crucially, development and maintenance of innate and adaptive immunity. Over the past decade, the tight association between parasitic worms and the gut microbiota has attracted significant interest, as the concept of ‘host–parasite interactions’ has progressively shifted towards acknowledging the former as ‘holobiont’, that is, the host in association with its associated mutualistic symbionts. Thus, a deep knowledge of worm–holobiont interactions is essential to better understand worm biology and mechanisms of helminth disease, and ultimately to identify parasite ‘Achille's heels’ that may represent useful targets of helminth control. This timely collection of articles provides insights into the intricate network of interactions between helminths and the host gut microbiota. Given the substantial diversity of host–parasite pairs, and the several factors that have been proven to influence worm– microbiota crosstalk, covering all nuances of this relationship is undoubtedly challenging. Nevertheless, in this special issue, we aimed to include key aspects of worm–microbiota interplay, spanning the increasingly documented relative contribution of worm-associated changes in gut microbiota composition and function to health and disease, the role of gut microbes in regulating effective anti-helminth immunity, as well as the effect that diet exerts in shaping immune responses over the course of helminth infection. Building on the latter, future areas of research focusing on the development of new and sustainable strategies to counteract the negative effects of helminth infections in both humans and animals based on the manipulation of the vertebrate gut microbiota are also discussed. The issue starts with a review article by Piazzesi and Putignani, who provide an in-depth overview of the fine balance between gut microbiota establishment and maturation in early life, helminth infections, and the onset of an array of severe childhood diseases and disorders, including undernutrition, stunting and cognitive impairment. In parallel, this article discusses the likely contribution of wormmediated alterations in gut microbiota composition to the antiinflammatory properties of helminths, and argues that mimicking such alterations in absence of live infections may represent the key to translating the ‘hygiene hypothesis’ into new and effective therapeutics for chronic intestinal inflammatory diseases, obesity and metabolic disorders. Following on from this, Stark et al. discuss mounting evidence that Schistosoma infections may induce profound alteratio","PeriodicalId":19931,"journal":{"name":"Parasite Immunology","volume":"45 4","pages":"e12974"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9341647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Featured Cover","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/pim.12976","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pim.12976","url":null,"abstract":"Parasite ImmunologyVolume 45, Issue 4 e12976 FEATURED COVERFree Access Featured Cover First published: 21 March 2023 https://doi.org/10.1111/pim.12976AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onEmailFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat Graphical Abstract The cover image is based on the Special Issue Parasites and the Microbiota. Cover image: Worm; Trichinella spiralis, David Linstead; Obtained from wellcomecollection.org Cover image: Bacteria; Proteus, SEM, David Gregory & Debbie Marshall; Obtained from: wellcomecollection.org Cover image: Food; “Africa Food Security 12 (10665035905)” by Kate Holt/AusAID; Obtained from: commons.wikimedia.org Volume45, Issue4Special Issue: Parasites and the MicrobiotaApril 2023e12976 RelatedInformation","PeriodicalId":19931,"journal":{"name":"Parasite Immunology","volume":"91 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135001292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Case of concurrence of bullous pemphigoid and Norwegian scabies.","authors":"Xuesong Wang,&nbsp;Yongxia Liu,&nbsp;Jianke Li,&nbsp;Fangfang Bao,&nbsp;Mingfei Chen","doi":"10.1111/pim.12969","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pim.12969","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bullous pemphigoid (BP) with scabies is a condition rarely encountered in clinical practice, and when it is encountered, it is often due to the use of immunosuppressants. This paper is a report on a patient with BP and scabies, who developed scabs after taking dexamethasone. It should be noted that BP antibody is necessary, which can distinguish BP with scabies and bullous scabies, and the treatment options for the two diseases are different.</p>","PeriodicalId":19931,"journal":{"name":"Parasite Immunology","volume":"45 3","pages":"e12969"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9081638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}