Parasite Immunology最新文献

Relationship Between Hepcidin, Iron Metabolism, Inflammation and Hypersplenism in Anaemia of Kala-Azar. 黑热病贫血Hepcidin、铁代谢、炎症与脾功能亢进的关系

IF 1.4 4区医学

Parasite Immunology Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI: 10.1111/pim.70014

Alyne Ferreira De Almendra Freitas, Adelino Soares Lima Neto, Camila Maria Coelho de Moura, Giovana Dias Silva, Marília de Sousa Araújo Barbosa E Silva, Keline Medeiros de Araújo Vilges, Francisco Mateus Alves de Morais Ferreira, Dorcas Lamounier Costa, Carlos Henrique Nery Costa

{"title":"Relationship Between Hepcidin, Iron Metabolism, Inflammation and Hypersplenism in Anaemia of Kala-Azar.","authors":"Alyne Ferreira De Almendra Freitas, Adelino Soares Lima Neto, Camila Maria Coelho de Moura, Giovana Dias Silva, Marília de Sousa Araújo Barbosa E Silva, Keline Medeiros de Araújo Vilges, Francisco Mateus Alves de Morais Ferreira, Dorcas Lamounier Costa, Carlos Henrique Nery Costa","doi":"10.1111/pim.70014","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pim.70014","url":null,"abstract":"Kala-azar, or visceral leishmaniasis (VL), is a parasitic disease caused by Leishmania spp., characterised by fever, weight loss, splenomegaly, hepatomegaly, and anaemia. This study evaluated the relationship between hepcidin, inflammation, iron metabolism, and hypersplenism in VL-associated anaemia. In this cross-sectional study, confirmed VL patients without recent transfusions were assessed. Haematological and inflammatory parameters were analysed using correlation and multivariate regression tests. Anaemia was present in 95.2% of the sample, predominantly normocytic (59.5%) and normochromic (76.2%), or microcytic (40.5%) and hypochromic (23.8%). Inflammatory markers were markedly elevated in most patients, particularly hepcidin, which was increased in 97.6% of cases (median: 351.46 ng/mL), suggesting persistent inflammation and impaired iron bioavailability. However, IL-6, CRP, and ferritin showed weak to moderate negative correlations with hepcidin (ρ = -0.33, ρ = -0.66, and ρ = -0.30, respectively). These findings highlight the complex interplay between anaemia and inflammation in kala-azar, with elevated hepcidin levels and paradoxical correlations with inflammatory markers. They underscore the central role of splenomegaly in VL-related anaemia and suggest potential contributions from other factors affecting iron metabolism, such as erythropoietin and erythroferrone. Understanding the dynamics of these markers throughout disease progression and treatment may further elucidate the pathophysiology of VL and support the development of targeted therapies.","PeriodicalId":19931,"journal":{"name":"Parasite Immunology","volume":"47 7","pages":"e70014"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12243698/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144601186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Demodicosis and Thyroid Autoimmunity: Unravelling the Connection. 蠕虫病和甲状腺自身免疫：解开联系。

IF 1.4 4区医学

Parasite Immunology Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI: 10.1111/pim.70016

Muhammed Burak Yücel, Esranur Ünal, Ragıp Ertaş

{"title":"Demodicosis and Thyroid Autoimmunity: Unravelling the Connection.","authors":"Muhammed Burak Yücel, Esranur Ünal, Ragıp Ertaş","doi":"10.1111/pim.70016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pim.70016","url":null,"abstract":"Demodex mites are commensal ectoparasites in human pilosebaceous units that become pathogenic at high levels, causing demodicosis, which may be primary or secondary to immunosuppression. Thyroid hormones, with skin receptors, impact immune functions and epidermal inflammation. We hypothesised that skin features like xerosis and papular lesions, common in demodicosis, may also appear in autoimmune thyroid diseases, with immune dysregulation increasing Demodex colonisation. We recruited 201 patients with demodicosis or rosacea at Kayseri City Education and Research Hospital. Thyroid hormones (TSH, T3, and T4), anti-TPO antibodies, and demodex count measured by Standard Superficial Skin Biopsy were assessed. Patients were classified as Type 1 (erythema, telangiectasia, and rough skin) or Type 2 (papules and pustules) demodicosis. Results revealed that patients with elevated anti-TPO levels had significantly higher demodex counts (p < 0.05). Demodex positivity and anti-TPO levels were strongly associated with Type 2 demodicosis (p < 0.001, p = 0.008). There was a positive correlation between demodex count and anti-TPO (r = 0.144, p = 0.043), with a predictive value for anti-TPO positivity (p = 0.004). Our findings suggest that increased demodex counts in Type 2 demodicosis correlate with autoimmune thyroid disease risk, highlighting the potential of combined Demodex count and thyroid antibody assessments for early diagnosis.","PeriodicalId":19931,"journal":{"name":"Parasite Immunology","volume":"47 7","pages":"e70016"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144637754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Allotype-Dependent Responses to the Vaccine Candidate Thrombospondin-Like Protein of Dictyocaulus viviparus in Calves. 犊牛对胎动双斑绦虫候选疫苗血栓反应蛋白的同种异体依赖性反应

IF 1.4 4区医学

Parasite Immunology Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI: 10.1111/pim.70013

Frans N J Kooyman, Karlijn L J Moonen, Rolf Nijsse, Jaap A Wagenaar, Harm W Ploeger

{"title":"Allotype-Dependent Responses to the Vaccine Candidate Thrombospondin-Like Protein of Dictyocaulus viviparus in Calves.","authors":"Frans N J Kooyman, Karlijn L J Moonen, Rolf Nijsse, Jaap A Wagenaar, Harm W Ploeger","doi":"10.1111/pim.70013","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pim.70013","url":null,"abstract":"The nematode Dictyocaulus viviparus causes parasitic bronchitis in cattle. There is a vaccine based on irradiated larvae against this parasite. However, no memory response is induced, and donor calves are needed for culturing the larvae. Therefore, a well-defined subunit vaccine would be welcomed. Because thrombospondin-like protein (TLP) is an immunodominant protein from the brush border of adult parasites, it was tested as a vaccine candidate. Calves (n = 7) were vaccinated twice with TLP in Quil-A, and antibody responses, IgG2 allotypes and protection were determined. Protection is defined here as decreased worm counts from challenge infection compared with age-matched control calves (N = 7). Only 27% protection (not significant) was found in the vaccinated calves. However, strong IgG and IgE booster responses occurred after challenge infection, mostly directed against the glycan-phosphorylcholine moiety of the protein. Most interesting was the difference in protection in calves of the different IgG2 allotypes. The two best protected calves from the vaccinated group were the only two calves of the homozygote IgG2b genotype. Because the IgG2b has a more rigid hinge region than the IgG2a allotype, it is more resistant to parasite proteases or parasite Ig binding proteins, and it is a better complement activator. Therefore, even with the small number of calves from this study, results suggest calves of the homozygous IgG2b genotype might be better protected against D. viviparus than calves of other genotypes.","PeriodicalId":19931,"journal":{"name":"Parasite Immunology","volume":"47 7","pages":"e70013"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12267107/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144650081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Synergistic Effect of Copper Nanoparticles and Paromomycin in the Treatment of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis. 铜纳米颗粒与帕罗霉素治疗皮肤利什曼病的协同作用。

IF 1.4 4区医学

Parasite Immunology Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI: 10.1111/pim.70017

Maryam Heidari-Kharaji, Priscilla Rodrigues, Christina Ferreira, Robinson Pavene Pooneiad, Sadia Sajid

{"title":"Synergistic Effect of Copper Nanoparticles and Paromomycin in the Treatment of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis.","authors":"Maryam Heidari-Kharaji, Priscilla Rodrigues, Christina Ferreira, Robinson Pavene Pooneiad, Sadia Sajid","doi":"10.1111/pim.70017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pim.70017","url":null,"abstract":"The interest in nanotechnology applications in medicine, particularly for combating microbial infections, has surged in recent years. This study investigated the in vitro and in vivo antileishmanial effects of copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) that were green synthesised using Capparis spinosa fruit extract, both on their own and in conjunction with paromomycin (PM). CuNPs were synthesised from a methanolic extract of C. spinosa. We assessed the in vitro antileishmanial activity of CuNPs (10-200 μg/mL) as well as the same concentrations of CuNPs (10-200 μg/mL) combined with PM (10-200 μg/mL), targeting the promastigote and amastigote forms of Leishmania major. Additionally, we evaluated the cytotoxic effects of CuNPs on THP1 cells. Subsequently, we tested these formulations on female BALB/c mice infected with L. major. The study measured footpad swelling, quantified parasite load through real-time PCR, and assessed levels of cytokines such as interleukin-4 (IL-4) and gamma interferon (IFN-ɤ), nitric oxide (NO), and arginase (ARG). The results demonstrated that CuNPs, particularly when combined with PM, significantly inhibited (p < 0.001) the growth of L. major promastigotes and amastigotes and stimulated IFN-ɤ, NO production and reduced IL-4 and ARG levels (p < 0.05). Importantly, CuNPs exhibited minimal cytotoxicity towards THP1 cells. In infected mice, the treatment with CuNPs, notably in combination with PM, resulted in a significant (p < 0.05) reduction in the mean number of parasites. Treatment with CuNPs at concentrations of 100 and 200 mg/mL led to a decrease in lesion diameter. The results of this study highlight the potent antileishmanial activity and synergistic effects of CuNPs, both alone and in combination with PM, against L. major promastigotes and amastigote forms, as well as their potential in treating cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) in BALB/c mice.","PeriodicalId":19931,"journal":{"name":"Parasite Immunology","volume":"47 7","pages":"e70017"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144675500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Diagnostic Potential of S. mansoni Egg and Worm Antigens for Urogenital Schistosomiasis in Resource-Limited Settings. 在资源有限的环境下，曼氏梭菌卵和虫抗原对泌尿生殖器血吸虫病的诊断潜力。

IF 1.4 4区医学

Parasite Immunology Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI: 10.1111/pim.70015

Kabirat A Sulaiman, Tajudeen O Oriade, Timothy Auta, Funmilayo I D Afolayan, Alexander B Odaibo, Rafaella F Q Grenfell, Ramzy G Fatem, Oyetunde T Oyeyemi

{"title":"Diagnostic Potential of S. mansoni Egg and Worm Antigens for Urogenital Schistosomiasis in Resource-Limited Settings.","authors":"Kabirat A Sulaiman, Tajudeen O Oriade, Timothy Auta, Funmilayo I D Afolayan, Alexander B Odaibo, Rafaella F Q Grenfell, Ramzy G Fatem, Oyetunde T Oyeyemi","doi":"10.1111/pim.70015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pim.70015","url":null,"abstract":"Around 90% of those at risk for schistosomiasis live in Africa, with urogenital schistosomiasis (UGS) prevalent in Sub-Saharan Africa. This study examines Schistosoma mansoni egg and worm antigens as cost-effective diagnostic alternatives, addressing challenges in maintaining S. haematobium in animal models. Sera and urine samples from schistosomiasis endemic and non-endemic areas were analysed against S. mansoni worm (Sm SWA) and egg antigens (Sm SEA) using indirect ELISA to detect S. haematobium specific antibodies. Microscopy was adopted as the diagnostic reference standard. Sensitivity (SS) ranged from 80% to 96%, and specificity (SP) ranged from 42% to 90%. Sm SWA showed slightly higher sensitivity than Sm SEA in negative non-endemic (NNE) populations. The best area under the curve (AUC) was 0.96 for Sm SEA-NNE. Both antigens performed better in diagnosing UGS in non-endemic samples, suggesting their suitability among travellers arriving from endemic areas. The anti-schistosomal IgG responses to Sm SWA and SEA in both negative endemic (NE) and NNE samples were statistically significant (p < 0.0001) compared to positive samples, except in NE sera samples tested with Sm SEA. Key findings indicate that Sm SEA and SWAP are effective diagnostic tools for S. haematobium infection, with high sensitivity suggesting their potential for new immunodiagnostic methods for UGS.","PeriodicalId":19931,"journal":{"name":"Parasite Immunology","volume":"47 7","pages":"e70015"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144650082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Analysis of miR-10a and IFNG Expression Before and After Treatment for Chronic Schistosomiasis mansoni. 慢性曼氏血吸虫病治疗前后miR-10a和IFNG的表达分析

IF 1.4 4区医学

Parasite Immunology Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1111/pim.70011

Débora Nascimento da Nóbrega, Ana Virgínia Matos Sá Barreto, Roberta Dos Santos Souza, Kleyton Palmeira do Ó, Raul Emídio de Lima, Ana Lúcia Coutinho Domingues, Edmundo Pessoa Lopes, Clarice Neuenschwander Lins de Morais, Elainne Christine de Souza Gomes, Luydson Richardson Silva Vasconcelos

{"title":"Analysis of miR-10a and IFNG Expression Before and After Treatment for Chronic Schistosomiasis mansoni.","authors":"Débora Nascimento da Nóbrega, Ana Virgínia Matos Sá Barreto, Roberta Dos Santos Souza, Kleyton Palmeira do Ó, Raul Emídio de Lima, Ana Lúcia Coutinho Domingues, Edmundo Pessoa Lopes, Clarice Neuenschwander Lins de Morais, Elainne Christine de Souza Gomes, Luydson Richardson Silva Vasconcelos","doi":"10.1111/pim.70011","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pim.70011","url":null,"abstract":"Mir-10a acts in signalling pathways regulating transcription, translation, and RNA-mediated gene silencing, while IFNG acts in the T-cell receptor signalling pathway. Thus, both can be considered potential targets for understanding regulatory processes in chronic inflammation in patients with schistosomiasis. Populations in endemic areas receive mass and indiscriminate praziquantel treatment, and yet patients often have a history of multiple infections. To investigate the regulatory and prognostic capacity of miR-10 and IFNG in patient immunity, we evaluated the expression of miR-10a and IFNG as biomarkers of inflammation and their correlation with praziquantel treatment. miR-10a did not present evidence as a biomarker of inflammation in the therapeutic follow-up in schistosomiasis. However, the levels of IFNG expression were significantly higher before treatment.","PeriodicalId":19931,"journal":{"name":"Parasite Immunology","volume":"47 6","pages":"e70011"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12139366/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144226176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Potential Role of Monocyte-Derived Macrophages in Preventing Malarial Parasitemic Recrudescence in a Mouse Model. 单核细胞来源的巨噬细胞在小鼠模型中预防疟疾寄生虫复发的潜在作用。

IF 1.4 4区医学

Parasite Immunology Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1111/pim.70010

Jiaqin Fang, Suilin Chen, Yuanli Gao, Yongling Fan, Shuai Guo, Xiuxiu Li, Hangyu Li, Jian Zhou, Wenyue Xu, Taiping Liu

{"title":"The Potential Role of Monocyte-Derived Macrophages in Preventing Malarial Parasitemic Recrudescence in a Mouse Model.","authors":"Jiaqin Fang, Suilin Chen, Yuanli Gao, Yongling Fan, Shuai Guo, Xiuxiu Li, Hangyu Li, Jian Zhou, Wenyue Xu, Taiping Liu","doi":"10.1111/pim.70010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pim.70010","url":null,"abstract":"Frequent recrudescence is responsible for persistent Plasmodium infection after the acute stage. Our previous study demonstrated that phagocytic cells are essential for controlling Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS (P. chabaudi) recrudescence. Nevertheless, the specific type of phagocytic cells involved in controlling P. chabaudi recrudescence, as well as their underlying molecular mechanisms of action, remain elusive. Herein we employ single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to analyse splenic phagocytic cells during both the acute and recrudescent phases of P. chabaudi infection. Using scRNA-seq, we found that monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) declined during the acute stage of P. chabaudi blood-stage infection, and then expanded rapidly in the recrudescence stage. The changing trend of MDMs was confirmed by flow cytometry. To explore the potential role of MDMs in controlling parasitemic recrudescence, MDMs were reduced by a low dose of clodronate liposomes (CLs) during the recrudescence stage, which significantly elevated the P. chabaudi parasitemia. Additionally, no significant difference in the proportion of splenic MDMs or classical monocytes (CMs) within the monocyte population was observed between the infected CCR2-/- mice and their control littermates, suggesting that the transition from CMs to MDMs may not occur in this model. The results indicate that MDMs potentially play a protective role in preventing malarial parasitemic recrudescence, offering valuable insights into immune-based interventions against Plasmodium infection and potentially contributing to the prevention of malaria transmission.","PeriodicalId":19931,"journal":{"name":"Parasite Immunology","volume":"47 6","pages":"e70010"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144209114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

In Vivo Study on the Anti-Parasitic Effect of Omeprazole on Cryptosporidium parvum in Mice. 奥美拉唑对小隐孢子虫体内抗寄生作用的研究。

IF 1.4 4区医学

Parasite Immunology Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1111/pim.70012

Mai A Atallah, Samy I El-Kowrany, Omayma K Afifi, Heba H Elkaliny, Salwa S Younis, Ghada A Gamea

{"title":"In Vivo Study on the Anti-Parasitic Effect of Omeprazole on Cryptosporidium parvum in Mice.","authors":"Mai A Atallah, Samy I El-Kowrany, Omayma K Afifi, Heba H Elkaliny, Salwa S Younis, Ghada A Gamea","doi":"10.1111/pim.70012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pim.70012","url":null,"abstract":"Cryptosporidiosis is an important enteric disease, causing diarrhoea and malabsorption similar to Rotavirus and targeting young children and immunocompromised individuals, especially AIDS patients. However, there is a lack of fully effective drugs and vaccines against it. This study was done with the aim of investigating the anti-parasitic and anti-inflammatory effects of omeprazole versus nitazoxanide and their combination on Cryptosporidium parvum (C. parvum) infection in immunosuppressed experimental mice. To achieve this aim, histopathological analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), estimation of oocyst shedding and measurement of tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) levels in sera of mice and the optical density of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) immunoreactivity in intestinal tissues were performed. Regarding the results, oocyst shedding showed an obvious reduction with omeprazole more than nitazoxanide. Similar results were detected on both histopathological examination (by haematoxylin and eosin and periodic acid-Schiff stains) and SEM with marked improvement in pathology detected in the combination therapy treated group. TNF-α showed reduced levels in the sera of all treated groups indicating a reduction of immunopathology with treatment. Also, the cytoplasmic expression of iNOS in the intestinal epithelium of mice was markedly reduced in all treated groups indicating a reduction of oxidative stress. From these results, omeprazole was found to be superior to nitazoxanide in treating cryptosporidiosis and the use of the two drugs as a combined therapy showed the best results.","PeriodicalId":19931,"journal":{"name":"Parasite Immunology","volume":"47 6","pages":"e70012"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144485504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

RNA-Sequencing in Elucidating Immune Responses to Haemonchus contortus Infection in Small Ruminants: Systematic Review. rna测序在阐明小反刍动物对弯曲血蜱感染的免疫反应中的应用：系统综述。

IF 1.4 4区医学

Parasite Immunology Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1111/pim.70009

Bongeka Sylvia Ndaba, Erika Faber, Munyaradzi Christopher Marufu, Alri Pretorius, Selaelo Ivy Tshilwane

{"title":"RNA-Sequencing in Elucidating Immune Responses to Haemonchus contortus Infection in Small Ruminants: Systematic Review.","authors":"Bongeka Sylvia Ndaba, Erika Faber, Munyaradzi Christopher Marufu, Alri Pretorius, Selaelo Ivy Tshilwane","doi":"10.1111/pim.70009","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pim.70009","url":null,"abstract":"Haemonchus contortus poses a major threat to small ruminant production in subtropical regions worldwide. Unfortunately, there is growing anthelmintic resistance, and the only licensed vaccine has limitations. This paper aimsto review the use of RNA-sequencing in understanding the immune responses of small ruminants to H. contortus infection, focusing on identifying differentially expressed genes and elucidating key immune pathways associated with resistance and susceptibility. This review was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Statement guidelines and Population, Intervention, Control, and Outcome framework covering publications from January 2015 to December 2023. RNA-seq identified the activation of key immune pathways, such as Th1/Th2, NK cell, B cell receptor signalling, MAPK, CAMs, and TNF signalling. There was upregulation of a range of PRRs, including TLRs and CLECs, in the resistant sheep, suggesting a crucial role for trained innate immune cells in resistance. However, there are no direct comparisons of TLR and CLEC expression between resistant and susceptible goats. This shows that there is a gap in understanding of the immune response mechanisms in goats. Addressing these knowledge gaps will lead to the development of more effective and sustainable control strategies.","PeriodicalId":19931,"journal":{"name":"Parasite Immunology","volume":"47 5","pages":"e70009"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12079082/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144079379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Characteristics of Intestinal Flora in Patients With Schistosoma japonicum Infection Undergoing Splenectomy. 日本血吸虫感染患者脾切除术后肠道菌群特征分析。

IF 1.4 4区医学

Parasite Immunology Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1111/pim.70008

Chen Zhou, Pengpeng Zhang, Yingzi Ming

{"title":"Characteristics of Intestinal Flora in Patients With Schistosoma japonicum Infection Undergoing Splenectomy.","authors":"Chen Zhou, Pengpeng Zhang, Yingzi Ming","doi":"10.1111/pim.70008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pim.70008","url":null,"abstract":"Schistosomiasis japonica is a parasitic disease that seriously endangers human health. Patients with advanced Schistosoma japonicum infection often suffer from cirrhosis and portal hypertension. Splenectomy has been widely used in the treatment of these patients. Previous studies have confirmed that S. japonicum infection is closely related to the gut microbiota, but the impact of splenectomy on the gut microbiota of patients with advanced S. japonicum infection remains unclear. This study used 16sRNA sequencing technology to compare the differences in intestinal flora between patients with advanced S. japonicum infection who underwent splenectomy and non-surgical patients. We focused on the changes in the species composition, diversity and functions of the intestinal flora. Our study shows that dysbiosis of the gut microbiome occurred in patients with advanced S. japonicum infection, including changes in abundance and diversity and the disorder of biological function. The intestinal flora structure, diversity and function of patients who underwent splenectomy were significantly changed compared with those who did not undergo surgery.","PeriodicalId":19931,"journal":{"name":"Parasite Immunology","volume":"47 5","pages":"e70008"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12046944/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143987349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0