Parasite Immunology最新文献_第2页

Leishmania (Leishmania) Infantum Living in Nature Secretes a Higher Concentration of Extracellular Vesicles, Suggesting Greater Infectious Potential. 利什曼原虫（利什曼原虫）婴儿在自然界中分泌高浓度的细胞外囊泡，表明更大的感染潜力。

IF 1.2 4区医学

Parasite Immunology Pub Date : 2026-06-01 DOI: 10.1111/pim.70089

Francieli Marinho Carneiro, Débora Oliveira Dos Santos, Roberto Mitsuyoshi Hiramoto, Noemi Nosomi Taniwaki, Gislene Mitsue Namiyama, Jose Eduardo Tolezano, Vera Lucia Pereira-Chioccola

{"title":"Leishmania (Leishmania) Infantum Living in Nature Secretes a Higher Concentration of Extracellular Vesicles, Suggesting Greater Infectious Potential.","authors":"Francieli Marinho Carneiro, Débora Oliveira Dos Santos, Roberto Mitsuyoshi Hiramoto, Noemi Nosomi Taniwaki, Gislene Mitsue Namiyama, Jose Eduardo Tolezano, Vera Lucia Pereira-Chioccola","doi":"10.1111/pim.70089","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pim.70089","url":null,"abstract":"Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a chronic systemic disease that, without proper treatment, can be fatal. Extracellular vesicles released by Leishmania species (Leish-EVs) perform various functions, including modulation of the host's immune system and inflammatory responses. This study investigated whether Leish-EVs produced by circulating strains of Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum exhibited the same pattern of cytokine stimulation and modulation of inflammatory and pro-inflammatory responses as those produced by a standard strain maintained for many years in different laboratories. The assays were performed using Leish-EVs released by promastigotes of the two L. (L.) infantum strains. The Standard strain was L. (L.) infantum (MHOM/BR/1972/LD), maintained under laboratory conditions, while the Natural strain was L. (L.) infantum recently isolated from a dog living in an endemic region of São Paulo State, Brazil. Both strains were cultivated in 199 medium and, during the logarithmic growth phase, promastigotes were prepared for excretion of Leish-EVs according to previously established protocols. The Natural strain, when compared with the Standard strain, produced a higher concentration of Leish-EVs, which stimulated THP-1 cells to release large amounts of THP-1-EVs (EVs produced by THP-1 cells). In addition, stimulation of THP-1 cells with Leish-EVs induced high expression of miR-21-5p and miR-146a-5p, as well as cytokines IL-10, IL-12, and particularly TGF-β. These findings suggest that Leish-EVs released by strains living in nature have greater immunomodulatory potential than those produced by strains maintained in laboratories, impacting both miRNA regulation and cytokine expression.","PeriodicalId":19931,"journal":{"name":"Parasite Immunology","volume":"48 6","pages":"e70089"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148218710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Potential of Postbiotics as Antiparasitic Agents. 后生制剂作为抗寄生虫剂的潜力。

IF 1.2 4区医学

Parasite Immunology Pub Date : 2026-06-01 DOI: 10.1111/pim.70087

Amir Hessam Shakeri, Saeid Vahedi, Samira Saedi, Sousan Houshmandi, Seyed Mohamad Javad Shokouhian, Nader Khani, Aziz Homayouni-Rad, Ramin Khorrami

{"title":"Potential of Postbiotics as Antiparasitic Agents.","authors":"Amir Hessam Shakeri, Saeid Vahedi, Samira Saedi, Sousan Houshmandi, Seyed Mohamad Javad Shokouhian, Nader Khani, Aziz Homayouni-Rad, Ramin Khorrami","doi":"10.1111/pim.70087","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pim.70087","url":null,"abstract":"Gastrointestinal parasitic infections are considered a significant public health concern with widespread global prevalence. The pathological processes arising from these infections contribute to numerous public health challenges, particularly in tropical and subtropical regions. Prevention and management primarily rely on the administration of anthelmintic and antiprotozoal drugs; however, the growing prevalence of drug resistance poses a major obstacle to the complete eradication of parasitic infections in both humans and livestock. This highlights the need for exploring alternative strategies. The use of beneficial microorganisms, particularly probiotics and their metabolites (known as postbiotics), has gained significant interest due to their potential prophylactic benefits against various diseases, including parasitic infections. Recent research on the interactions between postbiotics, parasites, and host immune cells through both animal models and in vitro culture systems has seen substantial growth. Postbiotics exert antiparasitic effects through multiple mechanisms, including disruption of parasite membrane integrity, inhibition of key metabolic enzymes, induction of oxidative stress, interference with attachment and invasion, modulation of host immune responses, and alteration of the intestinal microenvironment to hinder parasite survival. This review will focus on the effects of postbiotics and their mechanisms of action against helminths and protozoan parasites, both of which are relevant to gastrointestinal health.","PeriodicalId":19931,"journal":{"name":"Parasite Immunology","volume":"48 6","pages":"e70087"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148056003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

IL-25 Enhances Eosinophil-Associated Inflammation in Angiostrongylus cantonensis-Infected Mice. IL-25增强广州管圆线虫感染小鼠嗜酸性粒细胞相关炎症反应

IF 1.2 4区医学

Parasite Immunology Pub Date : 2026-06-01 DOI: 10.1111/pim.70088

Chih-Cheng Chuang, Wen-Bin Wu, Jiun-Jr Wang, Ming-Chieh Ma, Wen-Yuan Du

引用次数: 0

T-Bet Modulates Plasmodium-Specific CD4⁺ T Cell Differentiation and Anti-Malarial Immunity During Blood-Stage Infection. T- bet调节血期感染期间疟原虫特异性CD4+ T细胞分化和抗疟疾免疫

IF 1.2 4区医学

Parasite Immunology Pub Date : 2026-06-01 DOI: 10.1111/pim.70090

Hangyu Li, Yuanli Gao, Yongling Fan, Biao He, Nie Tan, Shuai Guo, Wenyue Xu, Taiping Liu

{"title":"T-Bet Modulates Plasmodium-Specific CD4+ T Cell Differentiation and Anti-Malarial Immunity During Blood-Stage Infection.","authors":"Hangyu Li, Yuanli Gao, Yongling Fan, Biao He, Nie Tan, Shuai Guo, Wenyue Xu, Taiping Liu","doi":"10.1111/pim.70090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pim.70090","url":null,"abstract":"CD4+ T helper (Th)1 cells are theorized to control Plasmodium parasite burden during blood-stage malaria. However, their exact role in controlling parasitemia in vivo remains inadequately characterized. Here, we used a CD4+ T cell-restricted Cre-Lox T-bet (the master regulator of Th1 cells) excision mouse model to examine the role of Plasmodium-specific Th1 cell responses in controlling blood-stage infection. Our results found that T-bet deficiency in CD4+ T cells markedly enhanced the growth of blood-stage Plasmodium yoelii (P. yoelii) 17XNL and Plasmodium chabaudi (P. chabaudi) AS, but not Plasmodium berghei (P. berghei) ANKA. Although T-bet deficiency in CD4+ T cells did not significantly impair the generation of pathogen-specific GC-Tfh cells, GC B cells, or the production of Plasmodium-specific antibodies, it profoundly suppressed Plasmodium-specific Th1 differentiation and IFN-γ production. Conversely, T-bet deficiency selectively promoted Plasmodium-specific Th17 differentiation without affecting other Th subsets. However, despite the heightened Th17 cell responses, in vivo neutralization of IL-17A did not impact host defence against P. yoelii 17XNL infection. Collectively, our data demonstrate that T-bet in CD4+ T cells enhances Plasmodium-specific Th1 cell responses while restraining Plasmodium-specific Th17 cell differentiation. In addition, Plasmodium-specific Th1 cells can confer substantial protection against blood-stage malaria. These findings support the development of effective malaria vaccines designed to elicit robust CD4+ Th1 responses.","PeriodicalId":19931,"journal":{"name":"Parasite Immunology","volume":"48 6","pages":"e70090"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148302878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Alcohol Pre-Exposure in T. cruzi-Infected Mice Enhances IL-4 Production by CD8 T Cells and Modulates Innate Immunity Cytokine Response. 克氏锥虫感染小鼠酒精预暴露增强CD8 T细胞产生IL-4并调节先天免疫细胞因子反应

IF 2.1 4区医学

Parasite Immunology Pub Date : 2026-05-01 DOI: 10.1111/pim.70081

Paulo Henrique Tolentino Moura, Beatriz Prado Noronha, Marcio Sobreira Silva Araujo, Marcela Lima Moreira, Diego Patrick Soares Lopes, Rodrigo Gentil Miquilino de Oliveira, Waldemar de Paula Junior, Marileia Chaves Andrade

{"title":"Alcohol Pre-Exposure in T. cruzi-Infected Mice Enhances IL-4 Production by CD8 T Cells and Modulates Innate Immunity Cytokine Response.","authors":"Paulo Henrique Tolentino Moura, Beatriz Prado Noronha, Marcio Sobreira Silva Araujo, Marcela Lima Moreira, Diego Patrick Soares Lopes, Rodrigo Gentil Miquilino de Oliveira, Waldemar de Paula Junior, Marileia Chaves Andrade","doi":"10.1111/pim.70081","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pim.70081","url":null,"abstract":"Trypanosoma cruzi infection, which causes Chagas' disease, induces an immune response in the host whose efficiency is important for the infection to persist or be eliminated. Alcohol consumption produces a great impact on the immune system, inducing alterations in the determination of T lymphocyte effector function, directing the profile of these cells to tolerance or inflammation. Our study aimed to evaluate, in C57BL/6 mice, the cytokine production in splenic leukocytes from T. cruzi infected and treated (EtOH) for 15 days and controls. Twenty-four mice were randomised into four groups, with 12 animals each: (1) Non-Infected Control (NI), (2) Control Infected (CI), (3) Experimental Non-Infected (EtOH-NI), and (4) Experimental Infected (EtOH-I). Ethanol-pre-exposed infected mice exhibited elevated parasitaemia during the patent period compared to controls. Adaptive immunity was characterised by increased IL-4, IL-10 and IFN-γ production by CD8+ T lymphocytes, while innate immunity showed reduced cytokine production, particularly in NK cells and macrophages. Ethanol amplified IL-10 and IFN-γ responses in macrophages yet suppressed TNF-α production in dendritic cells and macrophages during infection. These findings suggest ethanol modulates the immune response by enhancing adaptive immunity while impairing innate mechanisms, contributing to altered host-pathogen dynamics in T. cruzi infection.","PeriodicalId":19931,"journal":{"name":"Parasite Immunology","volume":"48 5","pages":"e70081"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147964355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Correction to "Generation and Characterisation of Peptide-Based IgY Antibodies Against SRS29B Protein of Toxoplasma gondii". 更正“针对刚地弓形虫SRS29B蛋白的肽基IgY抗体的产生和鉴定”。

IF 2.1 4区医学

Parasite Immunology Pub Date : 2026-05-01 DOI: 10.1111/pim.70084

引用次数: 0

Tegumentary Leishmaniasis Associated With Immune Reconstitution in an HIV Patient-A Case Report. 1例HIV患者与免疫重建相关的背囊利什曼病报告

IF 1.2 4区医学

Parasite Immunology Pub Date : 2026-05-01 DOI: 10.1111/pim.70082

Marilia Brasil Xavier, Claudia Maria de Castro Gomes, Rita Catarina Medeiros Sousa, Edna Aoba Yassui Ishikawa, Elza Baía de Brito, Silvia Ferreira Rodrigues Müller, Lucas Dos Santos Fontes, João Augusto Gomes de Souza Monteiro de Brito, Larissa Dos Santos Alcantara, Carlos Eduardo Pereira Corbett

{"title":"Tegumentary Leishmaniasis Associated With Immune Reconstitution in an HIV Patient-A Case Report.","authors":"Marilia Brasil Xavier, Claudia Maria de Castro Gomes, Rita Catarina Medeiros Sousa, Edna Aoba Yassui Ishikawa, Elza Baía de Brito, Silvia Ferreira Rodrigues Müller, Lucas Dos Santos Fontes, João Augusto Gomes de Souza Monteiro de Brito, Larissa Dos Santos Alcantara, Carlos Eduardo Pereira Corbett","doi":"10.1111/pim.70082","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pim.70082","url":null,"abstract":"HIV-associated Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome (IRIS) may significantly alter the immunopathological presentation of American Tegumentary Leishmaniasis (ATL), occasionally causing paradoxical clinical exacerbations. We report the long-term follow-up of a 39-year-old female coinfected with HIV and disseminated mucocutaneous leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania (Viannia) sp., who experienced severe lesion exacerbation four months after initiating High-Activity Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART). Despite successful viral suppression and CD4+ T-cell recovery, she developed aggressive mucocutaneous plaques with nasal septum destruction. Immunohistochemical analysis of a skin biopsy revealed a profile distinct from HIV-negative ATL controls: classic pro-inflammatory markers (CD68, iNOS, IL-6, and IL-17) were markedly suppressed, while CD163, IL-10, TGF-β and IL-18 were elevated, signalling M2 macrophage activation and paradoxical Th2 polarisation. CD8+ T cells were the most preserved lymphocyte subset, which is consistent with their reported cytotoxic, tissue-damaging role in mucosal leishmaniasis caused by L. (Viannia) braziliensis. Standard pentavalent antimonial combined with sustained HAART led to complete resolution without recurrence over 16 years. This case illustrates how IRIS may be associated with atypical Th2-polarised pathology and CD8-mediated tissue injury in ATL, highlighting the need for awareness of this presentation in coinfected patients from endemic areas.","PeriodicalId":19931,"journal":{"name":"Parasite Immunology","volume":"48 5","pages":"e70082"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13159054/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147869333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Infection-Driven Autoimmune Amplification Versus Molecule-Specific Immune Modulation: The Dual Role of Toxocara canis in Autoimmunity. 感染驱动的自身免疫扩增与分子特异性免疫调节：犬弓形虫在自身免疫中的双重作用。

IF 1.2 4区医学

Parasite Immunology Pub Date : 2026-05-01 DOI: 10.1111/pim.70085

Iman F Abou-El-Naga

{"title":"Infection-Driven Autoimmune Amplification Versus Molecule-Specific Immune Modulation: The Dual Role of Toxocara canis in Autoimmunity.","authors":"Iman F Abou-El-Naga","doi":"10.1111/pim.70085","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pim.70085","url":null,"abstract":"Loss of immune tolerance and sustained inflammatory signalling are central features in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. Although helminth infections are often associated with immunoregulatory protection, accumulating evidence suggests that Toxocara canis may represent an important exception. This review highlights the dual and context-dependent effects of Toxocara canis on autoimmune pathways, where live infection can amplify autoreactivity while parasite-derived molecules exert selective immunomodulatory effects. During acute infection, larval migration induces strong Th1/Th17-skewed inflammation accompanied by tissue injury, autoantigen release, and enhanced antigen presentation, lowering immune tolerance thresholds. Molecular mimicry, polyclonal B-cell activation, and persistent antigenic stimulation may further promote autoantibody production and chronic immune dysregulation. Neuroinvasion and inflammation sustain cytokine networks implicated in disorders such as multiple sclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, and autoimmune-associated epilepsy. Experimental models of autoimmune encephalomyelitis show that live T. canis infection exacerbates disease severity through amplification of pathogenic Th17 responses. In contrast, parasite excretory/secretory molecules including mucins, C-type lectins, cystatins, serpins and extracellular vesicle cargo, modulate pattern recognition receptor signalling and downstream PI3K/Akt, MAPK and NF-κB pathways. These effects promote regulatory T-cell expansion, alternatively activated macrophage polarization, and anti-inflammatory cytokine production, highlighting parasite-derived molecules as potential templates for targeted immunomodulatory therapies.","PeriodicalId":19931,"journal":{"name":"Parasite Immunology","volume":"48 5","pages":"e70085"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147949169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exploring the Role of the MAPK Signalling Pathway in Dog Immunity: From Cancer to Parasitic Diseases. 探索MAPK信号通路在犬免疫中的作用：从癌症到寄生虫病。

IF 1.2 4区医学

Parasite Immunology Pub Date : 2026-05-01 DOI: 10.1111/pim.70083

Francini Neves Ribeiro, Fernanda Nazaré Morgado, Renato Porrozzi

引用次数: 0

A Scoping Review of the Associations Between Ascariasis, Helicobacter pylori Infection and Gastric Pathologies. 蛔虫病、幽门螺杆菌感染与胃病理关系的综述。

IF 1.2 4区医学

Parasite Immunology Pub Date : 2026-05-01 DOI: 10.1111/pim.70080

Nina L Tang, Jacob J Williams, Jennifer Stockton, Maria Elena Bottazzi, Jill E Weatherhead

{"title":"A Scoping Review of the Associations Between Ascariasis, Helicobacter pylori Infection and Gastric Pathologies.","authors":"Nina L Tang, Jacob J Williams, Jennifer Stockton, Maria Elena Bottazzi, Jill E Weatherhead","doi":"10.1111/pim.70080","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pim.70080","url":null,"abstract":"Ascaris infection-ascariasis-is the most common human parasitic worm infection worldwide and induces damage and cellular changes within the stomach. Helicobacter pylori is a bacterium of the stomach that also causes gastric pathologies globally. Importantly, Ascaris, H. pylori, and gastric diseases all disproportionately affect individuals in resource-limited settings. However, the associations between ascariasis, H. pylori infection, and gastric diseases remain relatively unexplored. We synthesized the existing research associating Ascaris infection with H. pylori infection and/or gastric pathologies. Records were identified in OVID Medline, Embase and Web of Science using search terms for ascariasis, H. pylori infection, and gastric abnormalities and additional citation searching. Blinded screening and extraction were performed by two independent reviewers. We found 410 unique citations, of which 86 (21.0%) were included. A total of 24 articles (27.9%) associated ascariasis with H. pylori infection, 68 (79.1%) associated ascariasis with gastric abnormalities, and 6 (7.0%) associated ascariasis with both H. pylori infection and gastric abnormalities. Although predominantly comprised of case reports and observational studies, these data supported significant co-endemicity of ascariasis and H. pylori infection, co-infections with both pathogens, and concurrency of ascariasis with gastric pathologies in human and non-human host organisms. The available literature thus supports associations between ascariasis, H. pylori infections, and gastric pathology, warranting further epidemiologic and mechanistic studies.","PeriodicalId":19931,"journal":{"name":"Parasite Immunology","volume":"48 5","pages":"e70080"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13159057/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147869169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0