Orvosi hetilap最新文献

{"title":"[The 10th anniversary of the death of László Iffy (1925-2016), professor of obstetrics, who was born 100 years ago, is approaching].","authors":"Zoltán Papp","doi":"10.1556/650.2025.HO2847","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1556/650.2025.HO2847","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19911,"journal":{"name":"Orvosi hetilap","volume":"166 38","pages":"1507-1517"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145131813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Smoking habits among medical students in Târgu Mures].","authors":"Edith Simona Ianoși, Hédi-Katalin Sárközi, Zsuzsanna Gáll, Voidăzan Septimiu, Maria Ianosi","doi":"10.1556/650.2025.33359","DOIUrl":"10.1556/650.2025.33359","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Introduction: Smoking is a major problem worldwide, especially among students. Smoking is one of the most dangerous social phenomena and has a significant impact on public health. Even though students with medical knowledge are expected to play a preventive role, the prevalence of smoking among them is significant. Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the smoking habits, knowledge and attitudes of medical students in Târgu Mureș, comparing them with national and global statistical data. Material and method: A cross-sectional study was conducted among medical students at the University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Târgu Mureș between January and March 2025 using an anonymous, online questionnaire. IBM-SPSS v. 23 software was used for statistical calculations. Significant difference was considered at p<0.05. Results: From a total of 226 students, the prevalence of smoking was 39.38%. 21.2% of them reported smoking daily, and 4 students smoked more than one pack per day. 61.1% of students tried electronic cigarettes. The main motivation for trying them was curiosity (41.2%), but stress management (11.1%) and peer pressure (11.1%) also played an important role (p<0.001). The first time they tried a tobacco product was mostly (35.8%) between the ages of 15 and 18 years, but 13.3% tried it before the age of 15 years. 83.6% of students are aware of the role of nicotine in causing addiction. The health risks of smoking (e.g., cancer, cardiovascular and respiratory diseases) were recognized by 90.7% of students. A quarter of students are aware of the EVALI (electronic cigarette or vaping use-associated lung injury) phenomenon. 65.5% of the students did not participate in a prevention program, and 67.3% obtain information about smoking from the Internet. Conclusion: The prevalence of smoking among students is worrying, especially because they will be our future doctors. There is a need to launch plans to reduce smoking among students, which can be incorporated into courses and special programs. The results obtained show that, despite numerous campaigns, a significant proportion of medical students don’t receive reliable information about smoking. Orv Hetil. 2025; 166(38): 1496–1506.</p>","PeriodicalId":19911,"journal":{"name":"Orvosi hetilap","volume":"166 38","pages":"1496-1506"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145131802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Készség az újra.","authors":"Csaba Gaál","doi":"10.1556/650.2025.38M","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1556/650.2025.38M","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19911,"journal":{"name":"Orvosi hetilap","volume":"166 38","pages":"1518-1519"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145131835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Optimization of intensive therapy in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy].","authors":"Ágnes Jermendy, Enikő Szakmár, Kata Kovács, Ünőke Méder, Miklós Szabó","doi":"10.1556/650.2025.33393","DOIUrl":"10.1556/650.2025.33393","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) due to perinatal asphyxia is a well-recognized clinical condition, marked by a relatively high early mortality rate (5–10%) and frequent late neurological complications (40%), including cerebral palsy, cognitive impairment, and learning difficulties in school-aged children in the Western world. Current guidelines recommend whole-body therapeutic hypothermia as a neuroprotective treatment for all neonates with moderate to severe HIE. While this intervention has improved outcomes, several critical aspects remain unresolved, making HIE a key focus of ongoing clinical research. This review gives a summary of our recent clinical studies conducted in this subject. These studies, focused on neonates with moderate to severe HIE, aimed to optimize intensive care in three key areas: (1) the feasibility and safety of controlled active hypothermia during transport; (2) the association between therapeutic hypothermia and hypocapnia, challenges in respiratory management, and the potential role of inhaled CO2 in enhancing neuroprotection; (3) hemodynamic instability, hypotension, relative adrenal insufficiency, and the therapeutic role of hydrocortisone. Orv Hetil. 2025; 166(38): 1483–1489.</p>","PeriodicalId":19911,"journal":{"name":"Orvosi hetilap","volume":"166 38","pages":"1483-1489"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145131859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Non-ROP ophthalmological screening in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit at the University of Szeged].","authors":"Kitti Major, Judit Klára Kiss, Tamás Zeffer, Judit Mari","doi":"10.1556/650.2025.33384","DOIUrl":"10.1556/650.2025.33384","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Introduction: In accordance with the Hungarian national guideline, all newborns treated in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) undergo an ophthalmological examination before discharge, regardless of gestational age. Objective: The aim of our study was to summarize and analyze the abnormalities observed during the ophthalmological examination of >32 -gestational-week infants and during their follow-up examinations up to 1 year of age; to determine the need of non-ROP ophthalmological examinations. Method: We retrospectively analyzed the results of ophthalmological examinations of newborns treated between 1st January 2018 and 31st December 2020 in our NICU, University of Szeged. The following data were examined: gestational age, birth weight, ophthalmologic abnormalities, number of follow ups until the age of one year. Results: During the study period, 696 neonates were treated at the NICU of University of Szeged. No data were available or no studies were carried out in 200 cases (n = 496). 160 newborn infants underwent ROP screening (≤32 gestational weeks or ≤1500 g), in 336 cases non-ROP ophthalmological examinations were performed (>32 gestational weeks or >1500 g). Out of these we considered 301 cases (89.6%) as „screening” and the rest of the examinations (35/336 [10.4%]) were clinically justified, e.g. presence of neurological symptoms, traumatic birth, clinical suspicion of genetic syndrome. The incidence of ophthalmological abnormalities were significantly higher (34.3% [12/35]) in neonates examined with clinical indications when compared to the screening group (14.6% [44/301]). While underdeveloped retinal vascular system occurred most frequently in the screening group, other abnormalities (retinal focal atrophy, optic hypoplasia of the optic nerve, morning glory papilla, coloboma, lesion due to ichthyosis, microphthalmia, chorioretinitis) were found in the clinically indicated cases. As a result of the ophthalmological screening, an average of 2.1 follow-up examinations were performed per case up to the age of 1 year. None of the found abnormalities required intervention. Conclusion: Non-ROP ophthalmological examinations performed prior to discharge from the NICU did not reveal any abnormalities requiring therapy, no ROP developed during the follow up of immature retinal vascular system. In addition to newborn physical examination red reflex testing, our results support the performance of targeted ophthalmological examinations instead of universal screening. Orv Hetil. 2025; 166(38): 1490–1495.</p>","PeriodicalId":19911,"journal":{"name":"Orvosi hetilap","volume":"166 38","pages":"1490-1495"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145131825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Phantom eye syndrome among enucleated patients at the Department of Ophthalmology, University of Debrecen and comparing our results to the literature].","authors":"Orsolya Bálint, Éva Surányi, Anett Porempovics, Mariann Fodor, Dorottya Pásztor","doi":"10.1556/650.2025.33379","DOIUrl":"10.1556/650.2025.33379","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Introduction: At the Department of Ophthalmology, University of Debrecen, an average of 30 eyeball removals are performed per year. Our department is the national center for the treatment of intraocular tumors; therefore, the most common surgical indication is large uveal melanoma in the eye. Other indications are trauma, painful blind eye or endophthalmitis. Phantom eye syndrome which can reduce the quality of life after enucleation has been studied in the international scientific literature. Our aim was to assess its occurrence among our patients. Objective: Study of phantom eye syndrome (including phantom vision, phantom sensation, and phantom pain) in patients who underwent enucleation at our department, using a questionnaire. The mood of the patients was also assessed and a comparison of our results was made with the literature. Method: Based on the literature, a multiple-choice questionnaire was compiled for the patients, focusing on both pre-surgical symptoms and postoperative phantom visual hallucination, pain, and sensation. Additionally, the Beck Depression Inventory was included in our study. Results: A total of 53 questionnaires were processed (22 women, 31 men, 31 right eyes, 22 left eyes). The average age (± SD) of patients at the time of the study was 58.66 years (women: 60.18 ± 13.45; men: 57.58 ± 15.50, range: 18–83 years). The average time between surgery and completing the questionnaire was 4.13 years. The average follow-up time was 5.6 years. At baseline, the average visual acuity was 0.41 (± 0.39). The surgical indication was choroidal melanoma in 50 patients, retinoblastoma in 1 case, and a painful, non-functional eye (with no useful vision) in 2 patients. Phantom visual hallucination was reported by 35.85% of patient. Phantom sensation was experienced by 30.19%, and phantom pain by 15.09% of patients. On the Beck Depression Inventory, patients who experienced any aspect of phantom eye syndrome had significantly higher scores than those who did not report such symptoms. Discussion: Our results show that the prevalence of phantom eye syndrome in our country is similar to that in other countries. Conclusion: In line with the literature, about one third of the patients experience phantom vision after surgery, which can significantly impact their quality of life. It is important to inform patients about this possibility before surgery. Furthermore, it is recommended to assess patients’ mood and, if necessary, refer them to a specialist. Orv Hetil. 2025; 166(37): 1463–1474.</p>","PeriodicalId":19911,"journal":{"name":"Orvosi hetilap","volume":"166 37","pages":"1463-1474"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145065261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[\"Virtute et exemplo.\"]","authors":"Tihamér Lacza","doi":"10.1556/650.2025.HO2844","DOIUrl":"10.1556/650.2025.HO2844","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19911,"journal":{"name":"Orvosi hetilap","volume":"166 37","pages":"1475-1480"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145065245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Defining the concept and potential roles of patient organizations in Hungary].","authors":"Mátyás Murányi, Dalma Hosszú, Péter Rózsa, Péter Szegner, Tünde Koltai, Viktória Kovács, Kornélia Lovas, Gábor Pogány, Krisztina Tóth, Balázs Szécsényi-Nagy","doi":"10.1556/650.2025.33344","DOIUrl":"10.1556/650.2025.33344","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hungary has a wide variety of patient organizations, differing significantly in their missions, structures, and activities. Several key functions of patient organizations require a clearer definition of their operational framework to be effectively fulfilled – particularly their roles in decision-making and patient representation. This study aims to define the organizational framework necessary for patient organizations to effectively perform their participatory and representative functions. Additionally, it seeks to clarify the concept of patient organizations and to compile a list of their potential roles. In defining the concept, the working group drew on a targeted review of relevant academic literature, complemented by an examination of legal frameworks from selected member states within the region. Based on consensus, the authors formulated a proposed definition of patient organizations and identified corresponding tasks. According to the authors’ proposed definition, a patient organization is a self-help, voluntary, independent, and non-profit association or foundation (provided its governing body is elected) whose primary mission is to assist patients, protect their rights and interests, and improve the living conditions of patients, their relatives, and others in similar situations. These activities are supported by volunteers and individuals committed to social responsibility. An additional criterion is that the majority of members and leadership – specifically, in the case of foundations, the governing body – must be patients and/or their relatives who are personally affected, and who hold a decisive influence over the organization’s management and operations, including a majority in the supreme and governing bodies. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first research study in Hungary to propose a definition of patient organizations using scientific rigor and methodology. The conceptual framework developed aligns with definitions established in the countries examined. The proposed definition and identified tasks will support the positioning of patient organizations as transparent, empowered, and credible advocacy bodies within healthcare decision-making processes. Orv Hetil. 2025; 166(37): 1443–1455.</p>","PeriodicalId":19911,"journal":{"name":"Orvosi hetilap","volume":"166 37","pages":"1443-1455"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145065183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Non-contrast ultrasound imaging in the preoperative planning of DIEF flap breast reconstructions].","authors":"Olivér László Stári, Csaba Török, Dóra Kápolnási-Varga, József Gerencsér, Balázs Kovács, Éva Vigh, Béla Márkus, Zoltán Lóderer","doi":"10.1556/650.2025.33386","DOIUrl":"10.1556/650.2025.33386","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Introduction: Given the anatomical variability of the deep epigastric vessels, a thorough preoperative planning is essential before a breast reconstruction with a deep inferior epigastric artery perforator flap. Nowadays, a number of preoperative imaging method based on ultrasound are available. Objective: The aim of our study was to evaluate the efficacy of non-contrast ultrasonography in the preoperative planning of breast reconstructions with deep inferior epigastric artery perforator flaps. Method: A single-center retrospective observational study was conducted between April 2024 and November 2024. During the preoperative planning, non-contrast ultrasonography was performed before CT angiography. The primary endpoint of this study was the localization of considerable and dominant perforators, while the secondary endpoint was the identification of the congruent donor and recipient vessels. Results: During perforator mapping, the presence of considerable and dominant perforators was investigated in 24 donor sites and 72 zones. Cohen’s kappa test showed near perfect agreement between ultrasonography and CT angiography regarding the localization of considerable and dominant perforators (K = 0.83, p<0.001 and K = 0.86, p<0.001, respectively). As to the investigation of the recipient vessels that are congruent with the donor vessels, 14 recipient sites and 56 zones were examined. According to ultrasonography, the localization of the ideal recipient vessel was different from the standard zone in one-third of the cases (5/14). The recipient and donor arteries localized with ultrasonography were congruent regarding diameter (2.1 mm vs. 2.3 mm, p = 0.23, respectively), mean systolic velocity (24.5 cm/s vs. 24.6 cm/s, p = 0.98, respectively) and mean diastolic velocity (5.1 cm/s vs. 4.6 cm/s, p = 0.48, respectively). The recipient and donor veins were also congruent regarding diameter (2.3 mm vs. 2.3 mm, p = 0.96, respectively) and velocity (6.0 cm/s vs. 5.6 cm/s, p = 0.53, respectively). Conclusion: According to our single-center experience, non-contrast ultrasonography was an effective method to localize perforators and congruent donor-recipient vessels. Our study suggests that ultrasonography may be a viable alternative to CT angiography for preoperative planning of DIEP flap breast reconstructions. Orv Hetil. 2025; 166(37): 1456–1462.</p>","PeriodicalId":19911,"journal":{"name":"Orvosi hetilap","volume":"166 37","pages":"1456-1462"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145065232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Aspects of psychological work with organ transplant patients].","authors":"Judit Mezei, Julianna Bircher","doi":"10.1556/650.2025.33376","DOIUrl":"10.1556/650.2025.33376","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Organ transplantation is a complex process that is both physically and psychologically demanding. The success of intervention is determined not only by medical factors, but also by the role of the psychologist as a key member of the multidisciplinary team throughout the transplantation process. From the moment of diagnosis to rehabilitation, the psychologist supports patients in coping, adapting, and maintaining psychological well-being. They provide assistance in managing the changed life situation, dealing with illness, improving quality of life, and facilitating the psychological integration of the transplanted organ. Throughout the different phases – waiting, surgery, and the postoperative period – depression, anxiety, posttraumatic stress, and non-adherent behaviors are common and can adversely affect prognosis, graft survival, and overall quality of life. The psychologist plays a central role in identifying and addressing adherence and compliance issues and also provides psychological support to family members, particularly in cases of living donor transplantation. Psychosocial factors – such as the patient’s ability to cooperate, social support, health behaviors, and presence of psychiatric disorders – should be assessed before transplantation. Common therapeutic topics include altered body image, graft integration, fear of rejection, and unrealistic expectations related to the transplant. Psychological preparation, psychoeducation, crisis intervention, and targeted psychotherapeutic tools (e.g., cognitive behavioral therapy, relaxation techniques, low-intensity psychological interventions) contribute significantly to enhancing autonomy, perceived control, treatment success, and long-term quality of life. The comprehensive presence of psychological support is therefore crucial throughout the entire organ transplantation process for both patients and their families. The aim of this study is to provide an overview of the psychologist’s role in transplant care, based on international guidelines and current research, with particular emphasis on the clinical relevance of psychological factors, the promotion of adherence, and the impact of psychosocial interventions on the quality of life. Orv Hetil. 2025; 166(36): 1420–1430.</p>","PeriodicalId":19911,"journal":{"name":"Orvosi hetilap","volume":"166 36","pages":"1420-1430"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145030208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}