Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences最新文献_第6页

Manifesto: challenging the standard cosmological model. 宣言：挑战标准宇宙学模型。

IF 4.3 3区综合性期刊

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences Pub Date : 2025-02-13 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2024.0036

James Binney, Roya Mohayaee, John Peacock, Subir Sarkar

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Challenges to the standard cosmological model from large-scale bulk flow estimates. 大尺度体积流估计对标准宇宙学模型的挑战。

IF 4.3 3区综合性期刊

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences Pub Date : 2025-02-13 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2024.0031

Richard Watkins

{"title":"Challenges to the standard cosmological model from large-scale bulk flow estimates.","authors":"Richard Watkins","doi":"10.1098/rsta.2024.0031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2024.0031","url":null,"abstract":"The cosmological principle demands that the motions of galaxies averaged over a large enough sphere should become small. Thus, the large-scale bulk flow is an important test of this principle and of the standard cosmological model more generally. While hints of anomalous bulk flows have been reported for decades, in the past few years, the quality and quantity of peculiar velocity data have improved to where bulk flows can put meaningful constraints on our models. We present estimates of the bulk flow in volumes of increasing radii using the minimum variance (MV) method with data from the CosmicFlows-4 (CF4) catalogue. Contrary to expectations, we find that the bulk flow amplitude increases with increasing radius, with the bulk flow amplitude in a volume of radius [Formula: see text] Mpc being large enough to have only a 0.003% chance of occurring in the standard model. We discuss the detailed characteristics of the large-scale bulk flow with an eye towards a better understanding of its origin.This article is part of the discussion meeting issue 'Challenging the standard cosmological model'.","PeriodicalId":19879,"journal":{"name":"Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences","volume":"383 2290","pages":"20240031"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143409937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Status of the ΛCDM theory: supporting evidence and anomalies. ΛCDM理论的现状：支持证据和异常。

IF 4.3 3区综合性期刊

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences Pub Date : 2025-02-13 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2024.0021

Phillip James E Peebles

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On the ethical governance of swarm robotic systems in the real world. 论现实世界中群体机器人系统的伦理治理。

IF 4.3 3区综合性期刊

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences Pub Date : 2025-01-30 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2024.0142

Alan F T Winfield, Matimba Swana, Jonathan Ives, Sabine Hauert

{"title":"On the ethical governance of swarm robotic systems in the real world.","authors":"Alan F T Winfield, Matimba Swana, Jonathan Ives, Sabine Hauert","doi":"10.1098/rsta.2024.0142","DOIUrl":"10.1098/rsta.2024.0142","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we address the question: what practices would be required for the responsible design and operation of real-world swarm robotic systems? We argue that swarm robotic systems must be developed and operated within a framework of ethical governance. We will also explore the human factors surrounding the operation and management of swarm systems, advancing the view that human factors are no less important to swarm robots than social robots. Ethical governance must be anticipatory, and a powerful method for practical anticipatory governance is ethical risk assessment (ERA). As case studies, this paper includes four worked examples of ERAs for fictional but realistic real-world swarms. Although of key importance, ERA is not the only tool available to the responsible roboticist. We outline the supporting role of ethical principles, standards, and verification and validation. Given that real-world swarm robotic systems are likely to be deployed in diverse ecologies, we also ask: how can swarm robotic systems be sustainable? We bring all of these ideas together to describe the complete life cycle of swarm robotic systems, showing where and how the tools and interventions are applied within a framework of anticipatory ethical governance.This article is part of the theme issue 'The road forward with swarm systems'.","PeriodicalId":19879,"journal":{"name":"Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences","volume":"383 2289","pages":"20240142"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11779541/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143067226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Human-inspired strategies for controlling swarm systems. 控制群体系统的人类启发策略。

IF 4.3 3区综合性期刊

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences Pub Date : 2025-01-30 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2024.0147

Patrick Nalepka, Gaurav Patil, Rachel W Kallen, Michael J Richardson

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Quantum computing for swarm robotics: a local-to-global approach. 群体机器人的量子计算：局部到全局的方法。

IF 4.3 3区综合性期刊

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences Pub Date : 2025-01-30 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2024.0139

Maria Mannone, Valeria Seidita, Antonio Chella

{"title":"Quantum computing for swarm robotics: a local-to-global approach.","authors":"Maria Mannone, Valeria Seidita, Antonio Chella","doi":"10.1098/rsta.2024.0139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2024.0139","url":null,"abstract":"Quantum computing is a branch of computer science derived from the fundamental laws of quantum mechanics, such as state superposition, multi-value logic and destructive measure. An open challenge in itself is to re-think in quantum terms classic problems and solving techniques. Another nature-inspired field is the development of swarm-based robotic applications, where the challenge is catching the fundamental laws governing swarm dynamics, such as pattern formation and target reaching. Here, we review some recent approaches on swarm dynamics, the organizational rules of which are formalized according to quantum computing. In this way, the shades of probability in decision-making for multiple-robot systems can be expressed according to the multi-value logic underlying quantum computing. In our review, specific quantum circuits are sketched to give an idea of how these problems have been faced in computational terms. The article is enriched by references to sonification, a strategy adding one more sensory dimension to data representation, a human-friendly tool to navigate the complexity of swarm-robotic movements in a given arena.This article is part of the theme issue 'The road forward with swarm systems'.","PeriodicalId":19879,"journal":{"name":"Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences","volume":"383 2289","pages":"20240139"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143067231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Examining the human-centred challenges of human-swarm interaction. 研究人类群体互动中以人为中心的挑战。

IF 4.3 3区综合性期刊

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences Pub Date : 2025-01-30 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2024.0140

Joseph B Lyons, August Capiola, Julie A Adams, Janine D Mator, Erin Cherry, Kristen Barrera

{"title":"Examining the human-centred challenges of human-swarm interaction.","authors":"Joseph B Lyons, August Capiola, Julie A Adams, Janine D Mator, Erin Cherry, Kristen Barrera","doi":"10.1098/rsta.2024.0140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2024.0140","url":null,"abstract":"We adopt a tripart approach in describing the human-centred challenges with human-swarm interaction. First, the results of large-N laboratory studies will be discussed which found evidence of trust biases (e.g. system-wide trust (SWT)), uncertainties regarding appropriate control strategies and timing, and inaccuracies of perceived swarm reliability. Second, the results of a small-N subject-matter expert study will be discussed, highlighting evidence for component-specific trust (CST) and will highlight concerns from expert operators regarding: understanding appropriate inputs for swarm control, transfer of control, general transparency for swarms including the need for understanding why errors might occur and concerns regarding the effects of command latency. Third, human-centred challenges from the use of swarms in the real world will be discussed. These challenges include lessons learned regarding human-swarm interfaces, the intense challenges of logistics when using swarms in the real world, and otherwise hidden challenges of using swarms for real-world scenarios such as the Defense Advanced Research Project Agency (DARPA) OFFensive Swarm-Enabled Tactics (OFFSET) programme and the use of swarms for monitoring operations for the Air Force Marathon. This article will close with a brief discussion of the opportunity space within human-swarm interaction if the research community is able to close the gap on these human-centred challenges.This article is part of the theme issue 'The road forward with swarm systems'.","PeriodicalId":19879,"journal":{"name":"Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences","volume":"383 2289","pages":"20240140"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143067211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Performance prediction of hub-based swarms. 基于枢纽的蜂群性能预测。

IF 4.3 3区综合性期刊

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences Pub Date : 2025-01-30 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2024.0141

Puneet Jain, Chaitanya Dwivedi, Nicholas Smith, Michael A Goodrich

{"title":"Performance prediction of hub-based swarms.","authors":"Puneet Jain, Chaitanya Dwivedi, Nicholas Smith, Michael A Goodrich","doi":"10.1098/rsta.2024.0141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2024.0141","url":null,"abstract":"There are powerful tools for modelling swarms that have strong spatial structures like flocks of birds, schools of fish and formations of drones, but relatively little work on developing formalisms for other swarm structures like hub-based colonies doing foraging, maintaining a nest or selecting a new nest site. We present a method for finding low-dimensional representations of swarm state for simulated homogeneous hub-based colonies solving the best-of-N problem. The embeddings are obtained from latent representations of convolution-based graph neural network architectures and have the property that swarm states which have similar performance have very similar embeddings. Such embeddings are used to classify swarm state into binned estimates of success probability and time to completion. We demonstrate how embeddings can be obtained in a sequence of experiments that progressively require less information, which suggests that the methods can be extended to larger swarms in more complicated environments.This article is part of the theme issue 'The road forward with swarm systems'.","PeriodicalId":19879,"journal":{"name":"Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences","volume":"383 2289","pages":"20240141"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143067228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Swarms can be rational. 群体可以是理性的。

IF 4.3 3区综合性期刊

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences Pub Date : 2025-01-30 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2024.0136

Gal A Kaminka

{"title":"Swarms can be rational.","authors":"Gal A Kaminka","doi":"10.1098/rsta.2024.0136","DOIUrl":"10.1098/rsta.2024.0136","url":null,"abstract":"The emergence of collective order in swarms from local, myopic interactions of their individual members is of interest to biology, sociology, psychology, computer science, robotics, physics and economics. Cooperative swarms, whose members unknowingly work towards a common goal, are particularly perplexing: members sometimes take individual actions that maximize collective utility, at the expense of their own. This seems to contradict expectations of individual rationality. Moreover, members choose these actions without knowing their effect on the collective utility. I examine this puzzle through game theory, machine learning and robots. I show that in some settings, the collective utility can be transformed into individual rewards that can be measured locally: when interacting, members individually choose actions that receive a reward based on how quickly the interaction was resolved, how much individual work time is gained and the approximate effect on others. This internally measurable reward is individually and independently maximized by learning. This results in a equilibrium, where the learned response of each individual maximizes both its individual reward and the collective utility, i.e. both the swarm and the individuals are rational.This article is part of the theme issue 'The road forward with swarm systems'.","PeriodicalId":19879,"journal":{"name":"Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences","volume":"383 2289","pages":"20240136"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11779537/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143067237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Machine teaching in Swarm Metaverse under different levels of autonomy. 不同自治水平下群元宇宙中的机器教学。

IF 4.3 3区综合性期刊

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences Pub Date : 2025-01-30 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2024.0149

Aya Hussein, Hung Nguyen, Hussein A Abbass

{"title":"Machine teaching in Swarm Metaverse under different levels of autonomy.","authors":"Aya Hussein, Hung Nguyen, Hussein A Abbass","doi":"10.1098/rsta.2024.0149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2024.0149","url":null,"abstract":"Shepherding algorithms enable scalable swarm control via the utilization of one or a few control agents. Despite their demonstrated effectiveness in controlling swarms of point-particle agents, shepherding algorithms have been barely evaluated in controlling realistic swarms of uncrewed vehicles (UxVs). Furthermore, existing shepherding algorithms face significant challenges in dealing with complex environments such as those featuring obstacles. We address these research gaps by studying the use of human demonstrations for teaching herding behaviours to machine learning controllers. In particular, we focus on how the level of autonomy used for collecting human demonstrations affects the effectiveness of the resulting swarm controller performance. Our experimental investigation shows that demonstrations collected under a high level of autonomy result in a significantly higher success rate than those collected under a low level of autonomy. Our findings highlight that providing high-level commands for the human demonstrator is more effective even when the demonstrations is used for training a low-level controller.This article is part of the theme issue 'The road forward with swarm systems'.","PeriodicalId":19879,"journal":{"name":"Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences","volume":"383 2289","pages":"20240149"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143067224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0