Asmaa R Ellakany, Hanan El Baz, Zeinab S Shoheib, Mohamed Elzallat, Dalia S Ashour, Nabila A Yassen
{"title":"Stem cell-derived exosomes as a potential therapy for schistosomal hepatic fibrosis in experimental animals.","authors":"Asmaa R Ellakany, Hanan El Baz, Zeinab S Shoheib, Mohamed Elzallat, Dalia S Ashour, Nabila A Yassen","doi":"10.1080/20477724.2023.2240085","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20477724.2023.2240085","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Schistosomiasis is a neglected tropical disease. Egg-induced granuloma formation and tissue fibrosis are the main causes of the high morbidity and mortality of schistosomiasis. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)-derived exosomes play an important role with a superior safety profile than MSCs in the treatment of liver fibrosis. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the potential therapeutic effect of MSCs-derived exosomes on schistosomal hepatic fibrosis. Exosomes were isolated from bone marrow MSCs and characterized. A total of 85 mice were divided into four groups: group I (control group), group II (PZQ group) infected and treated with PZQ, group III (EXO group) infected and treated with MSCs-derived exosomes and group IV (PZQ+EXO group) infected and treated with both PZQ and MSCs-derived exosomes. Assessment of treatment efficacy was evaluated by histopathological and immunohistochemical examination of liver sections by proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB). The results showed significant reduction of the number and diameter of hepatic granulomas, hepatic fibrosis, upregulation of PCNA expression and reduction of NF-κB expression in EXO and PZQ+EXO groups as compared to other groups at all durations post infection. Additionally, more improvement was observed in PZQ+EXO group. In conclusion, MSCs-derived exosomes are a promising agent for the treatment of schistosomal hepatic fibrosis, and their combination with PZQ shows a synergistic action including antifibrotic and anti-inflammatory effects. However, further studies are required to establish their functional components and their mechanisms of action.</p>","PeriodicalId":19850,"journal":{"name":"Pathogens and Global Health","volume":" ","pages":"429-449"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11338202/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9888746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zeeshan Mustafa, Haris Manzoor Khan, Syed Ghazanfar Ali, Hiba Sami, Ahmad Almatroudi, Masood Alam Khan, Arif Khan, Wafa Abdullah I Al-Megrin, Khaled S Allemailem, Islam Ahmad, Asmaa El-Kady, Mohammed Suliman Al-Muzaini, Mohammad Azam Khan, Mohd Azam
{"title":"Distinct inflammatory markers in primary and secondary dengue infection: can cytokines CXCL5, CXCL9, and CCL17 act as surrogate markers?","authors":"Zeeshan Mustafa, Haris Manzoor Khan, Syed Ghazanfar Ali, Hiba Sami, Ahmad Almatroudi, Masood Alam Khan, Arif Khan, Wafa Abdullah I Al-Megrin, Khaled S Allemailem, Islam Ahmad, Asmaa El-Kady, Mohammed Suliman Al-Muzaini, Mohammad Azam Khan, Mohd Azam","doi":"10.1080/20477724.2024.2365581","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20477724.2024.2365581","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dengue fever poses a significant global health threat, with symptoms including dengue hemorrhagic fever and dengue shock syndrome. Each year, India experiences fatal dengue outbreaks with severe manifestations. The primary cause of severe inflammatory responses in dengue is a cytokine storm. Individuals with a secondary dengue infection of a different serotype face an increased risk of complications due to antibody-dependent enhancement. Therefore, it is crucial to identify potential risk factors and biomarkers for effective disease management. In the current study, we assessed the prevalence of dengue infection in and around Aligarh, India, and explored the role of cytokines, including CXCL5, CXCL9, and CCL17, in primary and secondary dengue infections, correlating them with various clinical indices. Among 1,500 suspected cases, 367 tested positive for dengue using Real-Time PCR and ELISA. In secondary dengue infections, the serum levels of CXCL5, CXCL9, and CCL17 were significantly higher than in primary infections (P < 0.05). Dengue virus (DENV)-2 showed the highest concentrations of CXCL5 and CCL17, whereas DENV-1 showed the highest concentrations of CXCL9. Early detection of these cytokines could serve as potential biomarkers for diagnosing severe dengue, and downregulation of these cytokines may prove beneficial for the treatment of severe dengue infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":19850,"journal":{"name":"Pathogens and Global Health","volume":" ","pages":"408-417"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11338208/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141331546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Saulo Nascimento de Melo, David Soeiro Barbosa, Daniel Cardoso Portela Câmara, Taynãna César Simões, Lia Puppim Buzanovsky, Anna Gabryela Sousa Duarte, Ana Nilce Silveira Maia-Elkhoury, Diogo Tavares Cardoso, Lucas Edel Donato, Guilherme Loureiro Werneck, Fábio Raphael Pascoti Bruhn, Vinícius Silva Belo
{"title":"Tegumentary leishmaniasis in Brazil: priority municipalities and spatiotemporal relative risks from 2001 to 2020.","authors":"Saulo Nascimento de Melo, David Soeiro Barbosa, Daniel Cardoso Portela Câmara, Taynãna César Simões, Lia Puppim Buzanovsky, Anna Gabryela Sousa Duarte, Ana Nilce Silveira Maia-Elkhoury, Diogo Tavares Cardoso, Lucas Edel Donato, Guilherme Loureiro Werneck, Fábio Raphael Pascoti Bruhn, Vinícius Silva Belo","doi":"10.1080/20477724.2024.2367442","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20477724.2024.2367442","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Understanding the distribution of tegumentary leishmaniasis (TL) in different periods enables the adequate conduction of actions at the public health level. The present study analyzes the spatiotemporal evolution of TL incidence rates in the municipalities of Brazil and identifies priority areas from 2001 to 2020. Notifications of new cases were analyzed employing space-time scan statistics and Local Indicators of Spatial Association. As TL incidence rates presented a downward trend in most Brazilian municipalities, spatiotemporal clusters of high relative risks (RR) were more frequent in the first decade of the series. There was a concentration of those clusters in the North and Northeast regions, mainly in the Legal Amazon area. More recent high-RR areas were identified in municipalities of different regions. The number of priority municipalities showed a stable trend in Brazil. There was a great concentration of such municipalities in the states of Acre, Mato Grosso, Rondônia, Pará, and Amapá, as well as large areas in Roraima, Amazonas, Maranhão, and Tocantins, and smaller areas in the states of Goiás, Ceará, Bahia, Minas Gerais, São Paulo, and Paraná. The present study contributes to the understanding of the historical evolution of TL in Brazil and subsidizes actions to combat the disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":19850,"journal":{"name":"Pathogens and Global Health","volume":" ","pages":"418-428"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11338199/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141432475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Giovenale Moirano, Annarita Botta, Mingyou Yang, Martina Mangeruga, Kris Murray, Paolo Vineis
{"title":"Land-cover, land-use and human hantavirus infection risk: a systematic review.","authors":"Giovenale Moirano, Annarita Botta, Mingyou Yang, Martina Mangeruga, Kris Murray, Paolo Vineis","doi":"10.1080/20477724.2023.2272097","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20477724.2023.2272097","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Previous studies suggest that the risk of human infection by hantavirus, a family of rodent-borne viruses, might be affected by different environmental determinants such as land cover, land use and land use change. This study examined the association between land-cover, land-use, land use change, and human hantavirus infection risk. PubMed and Scopus databases were interrogated using terms relative to land use (change) and human hantavirus disease. Screening and selection of the articles were completed by three independent reviewers. Classes of land use assessed by the different studies were categorized into three macro-categories of exposure ('Agriculture', 'Forest Cover', 'Urban Areas') to qualitatively synthesize the direction of the association between exposure variables and hantavirus infection risk in humans. A total of 25 articles were included, with 14 studies (56%) conducted in China, 4 studies (16%) conducted in South America and 7 studies (28%) conducted in Europe. Most of the studies (88%) evaluated land cover or land use, while 3 studies (12%) evaluated land use change, all in relation to hantavirus infection risk. We observed that land cover and land-use categories could affect hantavirus infection incidence. Overall, agricultural land use was positively associated with increased human hantavirus infection risk, particularly in China and Brazil. In Europe, a positive association between forest cover and hantavirus infection incidence was observed. Studies that assessed the relationship between built-up areas and hantavirus infection risk were more variable, with studies reporting positive, negative or no associations.</p>","PeriodicalId":19850,"journal":{"name":"Pathogens and Global Health","volume":" ","pages":"361-375"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11338209/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50158519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"How climate change influences pathogen transmission.","authors":"Ahmad Z Al Meslamani","doi":"10.1080/20477724.2023.2285185","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20477724.2023.2285185","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19850,"journal":{"name":"Pathogens and Global Health","volume":" ","pages":"450-452"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11338196/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136398624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Babatunde Adewale, Margaret A Mafe, Hammed O Mogaji, Joshua B Balogun, Medinat A Sulyman, Morakinyo B Ajayi, David O Akande, Emmanuel O Balogun
{"title":"Urinary schistosomiasis and anemia among school-aged children from southwestern Nigeria.","authors":"Babatunde Adewale, Margaret A Mafe, Hammed O Mogaji, Joshua B Balogun, Medinat A Sulyman, Morakinyo B Ajayi, David O Akande, Emmanuel O Balogun","doi":"10.1080/20477724.2024.2322800","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20477724.2024.2322800","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Schistosomiasis and anemia, are one of the leading global public health problem among children between age 5 and 14 years in marginalized settings. In this study, we provide prevalence and intensity data for both conditions in three southwestern states of Nigeria, where such are lacking. Epidemiological assessment involving parasitological analysis of urine and blood samples was conducted among 1783 consenting school-aged children in Ondo, Osun, Ekiti States of Nigeria. Participants' age and sex data were obtained using field forms, and statistical analysis was performed in R software with a significance level of 95%. An overall prevalence of 26.8% and 29.5% was recorded for urinary schistosomiasis and anemia, respectively. Prevalence varied by location with (40.3% and 29.8%) in Ondo (34.4% and 37.5%) in Osun and (13.4% and 20.9%) in Ekiti for urinary schistosomiasis and anemia, respectively (<i>p</i>=0.00). <i>Schistosoma</i> infections were found among males (28.7%, <i>p</i>=0.05) and children between the age 9-11 years (30.0%, <i>p</i>=0.01). About 36% of children with anemia was also infected with schistosomiasis. Children who were positive for schistosomiasis (OR:1.51; 95% CI: 1.19, 1.93; <i>p</i>=0.001) and between the age category 15-16 years, (OR:1.86; 95% CI: 1.12, 3.09; <i>p</i><0.05) were twice likely to become anemic. Our findings have shown that children infected with schistosomiasis are twice likely to become anemic than those without infection. It is important to complement ongoing MDA programmes targeted at schistosomiasis with nutrition intervention programs for example micronutrient supplementation for better impact and cost-effectiveness.</p>","PeriodicalId":19850,"journal":{"name":"Pathogens and Global Health","volume":" ","pages":"325-333"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11234908/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139990808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Climate change and the spread of <i>Aedes</i> mosquito-borne viruses in Europe.","authors":"Giovanni Rezza","doi":"10.1080/20477724.2024.2323842","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20477724.2024.2323842","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Several outbreaks of chikungunya and dengue occurred on Mediterranean coasts during the hot season in the last two decades. <i>Aedes albopictus</i> was the vector involved in all the events. As a consequence of climate change, the 'Tiger' mosquito is now spreading through central Europe, and in the summer of 2023, for the first time, mosquito control measures were implemented in Paris to prevent autochthonous transmission of dengue. Rapid changes in the distribution of tropical disease vectors need to be taken into account in future risk assessment activities.</p>","PeriodicalId":19850,"journal":{"name":"Pathogens and Global Health","volume":" ","pages":"358-359"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11234909/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139990807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vishnu Teja Nallapati, Nitin Gupta, Manjunath H Hande, Kavitha Saravu
{"title":"A systematic review of CQ-resistant <i>Plasmodium vivax</i> malaria infections in India.","authors":"Vishnu Teja Nallapati, Nitin Gupta, Manjunath H Hande, Kavitha Saravu","doi":"10.1080/20477724.2023.2285179","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20477724.2023.2285179","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Chloroquine (CQ) is the drug of choice for treating uncomplicated <i>Plasmodium vivax (P.</i> <i>vivax)</i> malaria in India. The knowledge about the exact burden of CQ resistance in P. vivax in India is scarce. Therefore, this systematic review aimed to assess the prevalence of CQ resistance in reported <i>P.</i> <i>vivax</i> cases from India.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science, were searched using the search string: 'Malaria AND vivax AND chloroquine AND (resistance OR resistant) AND India'. We systematically reviewed in-vivo and in-vitro drug efficacy studies that investigated the CQ efficacy of <i>P. vivax</i> malaria between January 1995 and December 2022. Those studies where patients were followed up for at least 28 days after initiation of treatment were included.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified 12 eligible CQ therapeutic efficacy studies involving 2470 patients, Of these 2329 patients were assessed by in-vivo therapeutic efficacy methods and the remaining 141 were assessed by in-vitro methods. CQ resistance was found in 25/1787 (1.39%) patients from in-vivo and in 11/141 (7.8%) patients from in-vitro drug efficacy studies.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Based on the available studies, the prevalence of CQ resistance in <i>P.</i> <i>vivax</i> was found to be relatively lower in India. However, continued surveillance and monitoring are crucial to identify the emergence of CQ resistance.</p>","PeriodicalId":19850,"journal":{"name":"Pathogens and Global Health","volume":" ","pages":"295-304"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11234910/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138295718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Limiting open science? Three approaches to bottom-up governance of dual-use research of concern.","authors":"Go Yoshizawa, Nariyoshi Shinomiya, Shishin Kawamoto, Naoto Kawahara, Daisuke Kiga, Ken-Ichi Hanaki, Jusaku Minari","doi":"10.1080/20477724.2023.2265626","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20477724.2023.2265626","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Governing dual-use research of concern (DURC) in the life sciences has become difficult owing to the diversification of scientific domains, digitalization of potential threats, and the proliferation of actors. This paper proposes three approaches to realize bottom-up governance of DURC from laboratory operation to institutional decision-making levels. First, a technological approach can predict and monitor the dual-use nature of the research target pathogens and their information. Second, an interactive approach is proposed in which diverse stakeholders proactively discuss and examine dual-use issues through research practice. Third, a personnel approach can identify the right persons involved in DURC. These approaches suggest that, going beyond self-governance by researchers, collaborative and networked governance involving diverse actors should become essential. This mode of governance can also be seen in light of the management of research use. Therefore, program design by funding agencies and publication screening by journal publishers continuously contribute to governance at the meso-level. Bottom-up governance may be realized by using an appropriately integrated design of these three approaches at the micro-level, such as dual-use prediction and monitoring, stakeholder dialogue, and background checks. Given that the term 'open science' has been promoted to the research community as part of top-down governance, paying due attention on site to research subjects, research practices, and persons involved in research will provide an opportunity to develop a more socially conscious open science.</p>","PeriodicalId":19850,"journal":{"name":"Pathogens and Global Health","volume":" ","pages":"285-294"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11234915/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41146568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Infodemiology and infoveillance: framework for contagious exanthematous diseases, of childhood in Italy.","authors":"Sandro Provenzano, Omar Enzo Santangelo, Vincenza Gianfredi","doi":"10.1080/20477724.2024.2323844","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20477724.2024.2323844","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Contagious exanthematous diseases are becoming a major public health problem. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential epidemiological trend of four infectious exanthematous diseases in Italy through the searches on the internet.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used the following Italian search term: 'Sesta malattia' (Sixth Disease, in English), 'Eritema Infettivo' (also knows 'Quinta malattia' in Italian; Fifth Disease in English), 'Quarta malattia' (Fourth Disease in English) and 'Scarlattina' (Scarlet fever in English). We overlapped Google Trends and Wikipedia data to perform a linear regression and correlation analysis. Statistical analyses were performed using the Spearman's rank correlation coefficient (rho). The study period is between July 2015 and December 2022.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The diseases considered have a seasonal trend and the search peaks between GT and Wikipedia overlap. A temporal correlation was observed between GT and Wikipedia search trends. Google Trends Internet search data showed strong correlation with Wikipedia with a rho statistically significant for Fifth disease (rho = 0.78), Fourth disease (rho = 0.76) and Scarlet-fever (rho = 0.77), moderate correlation for Sixth disease (rho = 0.32).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Infectious disease searches using Google and Wikipedia can be useful for public health surveillance and help policy makers implement prevention and information programs for the population, in addition to the fact that increases in searches could represent an early warning in the detection of outbreaks.</p>","PeriodicalId":19850,"journal":{"name":"Pathogens and Global Health","volume":" ","pages":"317-324"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11234913/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139972968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}