Pakistan Veterinary Journal最新文献_第3页

Traumatic Lumbosacral Joint Dislocation in 3 Dogs: Clinical Presentation, Diagnosis, Treatment and Short-term Follow-up 3只犬外伤性腰骶关节脱位:临床表现、诊断、治疗及短期随访

IF 2.3 3区农林科学

Pakistan Veterinary Journal Pub Date : 2021-03-01 DOI: 10.29261/PAKVETJ/2021.002

Della Valle G

{"title":"Traumatic Lumbosacral Joint Dislocation in 3 Dogs: Clinical Presentation, Diagnosis, Treatment and Short-term Follow-up","authors":"Della Valle G","doi":"10.29261/PAKVETJ/2021.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29261/PAKVETJ/2021.002","url":null,"abstract":"Traumatic lumbosacral joint dislocation (TLSJD) without L7 vertebral body fracture is a rare injury in dogs. This report describes clinical presentation, therapy and outcome in 3 dogs. Three crossbreed dogs with non-ambulatory paraparesis and lumbar pain were referred. Radiographs confirmed TLSJD and dorso-ventral displacement (DVD) was measured pre and postoperatively. Case 1 was treated by percutaneous transilial pinning. Cases 2 and 3 were treated by internal fixation with pins and PMMA. Within 72h after surgery all dogs were able to stand and walk, and faecal incontinence resolved. To the author’s knowledge this is the first description of a case series of TLSJD in the dog. The biomechanics of TLSJD in animals have not been investigated. It is likely that a single trauma severely hyper-extends L7-S1 causing disruption of the supra and inter-spinous ligaments with simultaneous shear and compression forces that cause ventral slipping of the sacrum. Pins and PMMA compared to percutaneous transilial pinning, provided more strength and stability. In conclusion, TLSJD requires appropriate surgical reduction and stabilization to allow fibrous healing of the L7-S1 junction, resulting in satisfactory neurological recovery","PeriodicalId":19845,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Veterinary Journal","volume":"41 1","pages":"97-101"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48805308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Diagnosis of Subclinical Aflatoxicosis by Biochemical Changes in Dairy Cows under Field Conditions 现场条件下奶牛亚临床黄曲霉中毒的生化诊断

IF 2.3 3区农林科学

Pakistan Veterinary Journal Pub Date : 2021-03-01 DOI: 10.29261/PAKVETJ/2020.075

E. Valdivia

{"title":"Diagnosis of Subclinical Aflatoxicosis by Biochemical Changes in Dairy Cows under Field Conditions","authors":"E. Valdivia","doi":"10.29261/PAKVETJ/2020.075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29261/PAKVETJ/2020.075","url":null,"abstract":"Aflatoxins (AF) are potent mycotoxins with carcinogenic, teratogenic, and mutagenic potential. There is no agreement on the safe AF maximum residue levels established in different countries (5.0 to >20.0 μg/kg) to avoid feed toxicity in dairy cows and to protect the food chain. The objective was to establish a diagnosis of subclinical aflatoxicosis via changes in biochemical values during long-term exposure of AF low concentrations under field conditions. A cohort of 90 Holstein heifers were selected (395±10 kg/BW; 14-15 months) in a large dairy farm in the central Mexico highlands. Monthly samples of blood serum, feedstuffs, total mixed ration, and raw milk were obtained (26 months) and analyzed via spectrophotometric and HPLC methods. Dairy diets were naturally contaminated with AF (8.1±5.2 µg/kg). No cow showed clinical disease, but significant changes in biochemistry values were associated to AF intake at levels >5.0 µg/kg, especially a serum concentrations decrease in albumin, total protein and reduced glutathione; furthermore, an increase in prothrombin time, and in specific activity of AF metabolizing enzymes (glutathione S-transferase, γ-glutamyl transferase, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase). Raw milk samples were naturally contaminated with AF in milk (AFM1; 43.1±24.0 ng/kg). A linear dose-response relationship between AF in feed and AFM1 concentrations was observed (AFM1=19.2+2.70(AF); P<0.01; R2 :62.1%). Moreover, reproductive failure and inter-pregnancy interval rates of cows exposed to higher AF concentrations (>10.0 µg/kg) were increased. These results suggested that in the long term, low amounts of AF exposure may lead to significant adverse effects consistent with subclinical aflatoxicosis.","PeriodicalId":19845,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Veterinary Journal","volume":"41 1","pages":"33-38"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48033705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 17

In vitro Anticoccidial, Antioxidant Activities and Biochemical Screening of Methanolic and Aqueous Leaves Extracts of Selected Plants 部分植物甲醇和水叶提取物的体外抗球虫、抗氧化活性及生化筛选

IF 2.3 3区农林科学

Pakistan Veterinary Journal Pub Date : 2021-03-01 DOI: 10.29261/PAKVETJ/2020.071

Wajiha

{"title":"In vitro Anticoccidial, Antioxidant Activities and Biochemical Screening of Methanolic and Aqueous Leaves Extracts of Selected Plants","authors":"Wajiha","doi":"10.29261/PAKVETJ/2020.071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29261/PAKVETJ/2020.071","url":null,"abstract":"Avian coccidiosis, a protozoan parasitic disease caused by genus Eimeria. Due to emergence of drug resistant Eimeria species, this study was aimed to evaluate anticoccidial potentials of Ficus racemosa, Cassia fistula and Syzygium cumini leaves extracts. In vitro anticoccidial efficacy of extracts was evaluated by oocysts sporulation inhibition and sporozoites viability inhibition assays of mixed Eimeria species oocysts. The set up was examined after 48hrs of incubation. DPPH radical scavenging activity, ferric reducing antioxidant power and total antioxidant capacity were used for the evaluation of antioxidant potential of extracts. Among tested extracts maximum oocysts sporulation inhibition 86.81±2.35% and sporozoites viability inhibition was 86.73±1.67% at concentration 30 mg/ml of C. fistula methanolic leaves extract against E. mitis and E. tenella respectively. Highest radical scavenging capacity 67.82±0.00 and reducing power 2.17±0.01 was shown by F. racemosa and C. fistula methanolic leaves extract respectively. Maximum total antioxidant power was observed in C. fistula 30.95±0.35 and F. racemosa 21.93±1.41µg/mg methanolic leaves extracts. Antioxidant compounds including phenols, flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, carbohydrates etc. were detected through biochemical screening of selected plants extracts. The maximum amount of phenols 32.50±0.00µg/ml and flavonoids 40.00±1.00µg/ml were recorded in C. fistula methanolic extracts. It is concluded that selected plants methanolic extracts possess best anticoccidial and antioxidant activities due to presence of medicinally important phytochemicals. Further research is needed for identification and isolation of anticoccidial active compounds from these plants that can be used in the formulation of drugs against coccidiosis","PeriodicalId":19845,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Veterinary Journal","volume":"41 1","pages":"57-63"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49034151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 25

Macroscopic, Microscopic and Histomorphometric Analysis of Intestine, Liver and Pancreas of Ostrich (Struthio camelus) with Advancement of Age and Sex 随着年龄和性别的增长，鸵鸟肠、肝和胰腺的宏观、微观和组织形态学分析

IF 2.3 3区农林科学

Pakistan Veterinary Journal Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.29261/pakvetj/2020.029

Zaima Umar

{"title":"Macroscopic, Microscopic and Histomorphometric Analysis of Intestine, Liver and Pancreas of Ostrich (Struthio camelus) with Advancement of Age and Sex","authors":"Zaima Umar","doi":"10.29261/pakvetj/2020.029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29261/pakvetj/2020.029","url":null,"abstract":"Received: Revised: Accepted: Published online: December 31, 2020 February 26, 2021 March 01, 2021 March 05, 2021 The primary goal of this study was to document the gross morphological and histological structure and histomorphometrical measurements of the intestines and digestive glands of ostrich (Struthio camelus) in relation to advancing age and sex. A total of 40 clinically healthy ostriches of either sex [(20 males, 20 females comprising of two age groups, viz, immature (1 month to 2.4 years) and adult (2.5 to 10 years)] of equal size were selected. Immediately after collection, morphological studies were carried out on all organs. Histological and histometrical studies were conducted on paraffin-embedded tissue sections with Image J analysis software. Macroscopic parameters of the intestines, liver and pancreas invariably showed a rapid increase (P<0.05) during immature age but maintained a plateau with negligible increment in an adult age group. Contrary to other avian species, the length of the small intestine in adult ostriches was 706 cm and the large intestine was 1218 cm which means the length of the large intestine is 1.73 times greater than the small intestine. The length of the colon is also larger than the comparable avian species which increases the digestion of fiber. Thicknesses of all layers of intestines and various parameters of digestive glands had a significant (P<0.05) increase in adults compared to immature ostriches. The growth and maturation of digestive organs in ostriches were not related to sex in each age group. These findings can be extremely beneficial for strategic manipulation of feed and nutrition to enhance the growth rate and diagnose pathological processes. ©2021 PVJ. All rights reserved","PeriodicalId":19845,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Veterinary Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69869409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Effect of Jig on the Precision of Tibial Plateau Leveling Osteotomy in Toy-Breed Dogs 夹具对玩具犬胫骨平台水平截骨精度的影响

IF 2.3 3区农林科学

Pakistan Veterinary Journal Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.29261/pakvetj/2020.070

Yh Roh

{"title":"Effect of Jig on the Precision of Tibial Plateau Leveling Osteotomy in Toy-Breed Dogs","authors":"Yh Roh","doi":"10.29261/pakvetj/2020.070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29261/pakvetj/2020.070","url":null,"abstract":"Because of plate development, it is now possible to perform tibial plateau leveling osteotomy (TPLO) in small-breed dogs with cranial cruciate ligament rupture. Compared with conventional treatment, faster walking and better function are reported post-TPLO. However, TPLO can be more difficult in toy-breed dogs than large-breed dogs. Because of the smaller bones, it is difficult to manipulate the bone fragments during surgery, and small movements of bones can cause major differences in limb alignment. In TPLO, a jig is conventionally recommended to increase the accuracy of alignment; however, installation of the jig can be difficult in small-breed dogs, and it may cause problems such as iatrogenic fracture. The present study thus aimed to evaluate the accuracy of TPLO without a jig in toy-breed dogs. Paired stifles (n=22) obtained from 11 toy-breed dogs cadavers (body weight range, 2.0-7.4 kg) were randomly assigned to a jig or non-jig group. Radiographic images were obtained preoperative and postoperative TPLO. Tibias were dissected from the hindlimb and measured for evaluation of accuracy. The following postoperative parameters were compared: tibial plateau angle, mechanical medial proximal tibial angle, osteotomy location, tibia crest thickness, gap between segments, and orientation line angles. There were no significant differences between the two groups, demonstrating that jig usage does not affect precision of TPLO in toy-breed dogs. Therefore, it is better not to use a jig in toy-breed dogs with relatively small bones, considering the risk of iatrogenic injury, cost and operation time","PeriodicalId":19845,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Veterinary Journal","volume":"40 1","pages":"484-488"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45570171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Emergence of blaNDM-5-producing Escherichia coli ST410 in Companion Dogs Treated with Meropenem 美罗培南治疗的伴侣犬中产生blandm -5的大肠杆菌ST410的出现

IF 2.3 3区农林科学

Pakistan Veterinary Journal Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.29261/pakvetj/2020.073

J. Oh

引用次数: 1

Dose and Time-Related Pathological and Genotoxic Studies on Thiamethoxam in Fresh Water Fish (Labeo rohita) in Pakistan 噻虫嗪对巴基斯坦淡水鱼(Labeo rohita)的剂量和时间相关病理和基因毒性研究

IF 2.3 3区农林科学

Pakistan Veterinary Journal Pub Date : 2020-04-01 DOI: 10.29261/pakvetj/2020.002

A. Ghaffar

{"title":"Dose and Time-Related Pathological and Genotoxic Studies on Thiamethoxam in Fresh Water Fish (Labeo rohita) in Pakistan","authors":"A. Ghaffar","doi":"10.29261/pakvetj/2020.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29261/pakvetj/2020.002","url":null,"abstract":"Received: Revised: Accepted: Published online: July 17, 2019 December 01, 2019 December 02, 2019 January 07, 2020 A total of 60 fresh-water fish were obtained from a local fish breeding center and carefully transported in plastic bags having adequate amount of oxygen and water. After 7 days of acclimatization, all the fish were randomly divided and kept in five equal groups (A-E). The experimental fish were exposed to various concentrations (0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 mg/L) of thiamethoxam for a period of 120 h. Blood and other tissue samples of each treated fish were collected after 72, 96 and 120 h. Various physical responses like operculum and bouncing movement, mucus secretion, darkening of fins, fin tremors, swimming in isolation on one side, surface breathing and erratic swimming were observed in fish treated with higher concentrations. Results indicated that the values of red blood cell counts (RBCs), packed cell volume (PCV) and hemoglobin (Hb) concentrations were significantly lower and white blood cell (WBCs)and neutrophil counts increased significantly in thiamethoxam treated fish as compared to unexposed fish. The frequency of various nuclear (micronuclei, erythrocytes with nuclear remnant, erythrocytes with condensed nuclei and erythrocytes without nucleus) and morphological changes (leptocytes, stomatocytes, dividing erythrocytes and tear shape erythrocyte) intreated fish was significantly higher as compared to control group. Microscopic analysis of gills tissues of various experimental fish exhibited atrophy of secondary lamellae, pyknosis of lamellar epithelial pillar cells, lamellar degeneration, congestion, aneurysm and curling of lamellae. ©2019 PVJ. All rights reserved","PeriodicalId":19845,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Veterinary Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44037446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 30

Mutational Analysis of Neuraminidase of Avian Influenza virus H9N2 Indicating the Cause of Hyper Pathogenicity in Poultry H9N2型禽流感病毒神经氨酸酶突变分析提示家禽高致病性原因

IF 2.3 3区农林科学

Pakistan Veterinary Journal Pub Date : 2020-04-01 DOI: 10.29261/pakvetj/2020.017

Rehman Shahzad

{"title":"Mutational Analysis of Neuraminidase of Avian Influenza virus H9N2 Indicating the Cause of Hyper Pathogenicity in Poultry","authors":"Rehman Shahzad","doi":"10.29261/pakvetj/2020.017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29261/pakvetj/2020.017","url":null,"abstract":"Received: Revised: Accepted: Published online: August 29, 2019 December 27, 2019 January 15, 2020 February 10, 2020 H9N2 is a low pathogenic avian influenza virus that causes respiratory tract infection in poultry industry worldwide. Viral neuraminidase (NA) plays a vital role in pathogenicity due to its sialidase activity. In this study, H9N2 virus from diseased birds was isolated at GP laboratory, Lahore. Then viral NA gene was amplified, sequenced and analyzed using different bioinformatics tools. Results revealed that high pathogenicity of the isolated strains is due to G127S and S450L mutations in comparison to low pathogenic avian influenza virus and they have evolved from A/partridge/Pakistan/260/2015(H9N2) virus. The evolution of the isolated chicken virus from partridge virus shows its phylogenetic relationship. High pathogenicity of our isolates is attributed to the amino acid substitutions: G127S, I192V, V307M and S450L in the isolates with accession numbers MH105293, MH105294 & MH105295. Though H9N2 in Pakistani poultry is regarded as a low pathogenic influenza virus but our current study shows it to be highly pathogenic with high mortality >75%. By using SWISS MODEL software, NA protein model was also constructed, which is more stable than wild type with 119kJ/mol& 145kJ/mol energy values respectively. Furthermore, positions at G127S, I192V, V307M, S450L, D141N, V254I and V312I have significant antigenic variability, as well as more beta sheets than alpha helices affecting the protein structure, function and stability. This study will help the poultry vaccine manufacturers to design the customize in silico vaccine or neuraminidase inhibitors to meet the challenges arose in local poultry industry of Pakistan due to H9N2 viral infection. ©2020 PVJ. All rights reserved","PeriodicalId":19845,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Veterinary Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44200861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Expression of Canine Kynurenine 3-Monooxygenase by Baculovirus for Canine Mammary Tumor Diagnosis 杆状病毒表达犬犬犬尿氨酸3-单加氧酶用于犬乳腺肿瘤诊断

IF 2.3 3区农林科学

Pakistan Veterinary Journal Pub Date : 2020-04-01 DOI: 10.29261/pakvetj/2020.012

Huiting Chen

{"title":"Expression of Canine Kynurenine 3-Monooxygenase by Baculovirus for Canine Mammary Tumor Diagnosis","authors":"Huiting Chen","doi":"10.29261/pakvetj/2020.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29261/pakvetj/2020.012","url":null,"abstract":"Received: Revised: Accepted: Published online: July 28, 2019 January 05, 2020 January 09, 2020 February 03, 2020 Kynurenine 3-monooxygenase (KMO), an outer mitochondrial membrane enzyme that is central to the kynurenine pathway, has been demonstrated to be associated with malignancy in human cancers. Cancers in dogs are considered reliable and clinically relevant models of human diseases owing to similarities in the natural history of these human and canine tumors and the superficial resemblances in the anatomy, topology, metastatic patterns, and response to therapy between canine and human cancers. This study aims to establish an efficient protocol to prepare the recombinant canine KMO protein for potential application in canine cancer study. The amino acid sequence and structure of canine KMO were analyzed using homology modeling provided by SWISS-MODEL. The canine KMO (cKMO) was produced by using a baculovirus–insect cell (Sf9 cells) expression system. Fulllength cKMO was expressed by the baculovirus-infected Sf9 cells as a 477-aminoacid protein with a molecular weight of 55 kDa. On average a yield of 2 mg of protein was obtained from 2 × 10 baculovirus-infected Sf9 cells. The results from western blot and immunofluorescent assay showed KMO can be successfully expressed by Sf9 cells within the cytosol and mitochondria. The purified recombinant KMO protein could be used as an antigen for generating anti-cKMO antibodies to further investigate the role in canine carcinogenesis. ©2020 PVJ. All rights reserved","PeriodicalId":19845,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Veterinary Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49043593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Mutations in Theileria Annulata Cytochrome B Gene Associated with Buparvaquone Resistance in Cattle, Egypt 埃及牛圆环虫细胞色素B基因突变与Buparvaquone抗性

IF 2.3 3区农林科学

Pakistan Veterinary Journal Pub Date : 2020-04-01 DOI: 10.29261/pakvetj/2020.006

S. Yousef, F. A. E. Balkemy, Hend M. El Damaty

引用次数: 5