Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Association of Social Media use with Sleep among Physiotherapy Students of Islamabad","authors":"Sidra Hanif, Zobia Kousar, Saania Kanwal Khanzada, Hafiza Sumaira Aroo, Dilawaiz Gul, R. Naseer","doi":"10.53350/pjmhs02023171131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs02023171131","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Social media use is quick and hard to resist nowadays. Social media continue to play a significant role in an individual's life in spite of all of the technological advancements. One of the main reasons why people have insomnia in the modern society is the media. Aim: To ascertain whether University of Ibadat International University Islamabad physiotherapy students' use of social media and the quality of their sleep are related. Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted from October 2022 to February 2023 among students of Ibadat International University Islamabad. Sample was raised through non-probability convenient sampling techniques. 231 participants were selected according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data was analyzed by SPSS 25. Result: Total participants were 112. Out of which 15(13.4%) were males and 97(86.6%) were females, 70(62.5%) were in the age group 18-20 years, 28(25%) were in the age group 21-23 years, 14(12.5%) were in the age group 24-26 years, 88 participants have low addiction; 4 with good sleep and 84 with poor sleep. Whereas 24 participants have high addiction; 1 with good sleep and 23 with poor sleep. Usage of social media 31-60 minutes per day was 2(1.8%), 61-120 minutes per day 35(31.3%) and more than 120 minutes per day was 75(67%). The study population's chi square association (p-value) was 0.709, suggesting that there was no significant correlation between social media disruption and sleep quality. Practical Implication: Smartphone use for work-related communication at night can reduce efficiency and disrupt sleep hygiene. Accessing social media on smartphones can prolong sleep onset latency, reducing overall sleep duration, and resulting in poor sleep quality and problematic patterns. Conclusion: There is no association found between social media usage and sleep among physiotherapy students and health care professionals of Ibadat International University. Keywords: sleep, social media, PSQI, BSMAS, work-related communication, prolong sleep","PeriodicalId":19842,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences","volume":"45 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140458029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disease-Related Stigma, Emotional Regulation and Depression in Patients with HIV","authors":"Fozia Bibi, S. Majeed, Sadia Nikhet, B. J. Makhdoom, Ali Burhan Mustafa","doi":"10.53350/pjmhs02023171147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs02023171147","url":null,"abstract":"Background: HIV/AIDS has become one of the major global health burdens. Self-stigma and emotion dysregulation in people living with HIV (PLWH) have become urgent issues and have attracted the attention of both physicians and epidemiologists. Aim: To examine the relationship between disease-related stigma, emotional regulation, and depression in patients with HIV. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted. A purposive sample of 100 patients—70 male and 30 female diagnosed with HIV/AIDS was collected from two public hospitals in southern Punjab. Patients who had been diagnosed as being HIV positive for at least three months were included in the study. The age range of participants was 18 to 50 years. Patients with other medical issues were excluded from the study. Measures for data collection were the Discrimination and Stigma Scale (DISC), Difficulties in Emotional Regulation Scale (DERS), and Hamilton Depression Scale. The data was evaluated using SPSS version 24. Pearson’s correlation was applied. Results: There is an inverse relationship (-.34**) obtained between disease-related stigma and emotional regulation, whereas a significant positive relationship (r =.41**) is found between disease-related stigma and depression. A negative relationship (r=-.59**) is also examined between emotional regulation and depression. Emotional regulation is a mediator between disease-related stigma and depression in patients with HIV. There is a significant gender difference in depression. The mean score of depression is high among females as compared to males. Practical Implication: It improved the psychological health of HIV-positive patients by categorizing the issues they face. Conclusion: It was concluded that disease-related stigma is positively related to depression while emotional regulation is inversely related to depression. Emotional regulation also plays a mediating role between self-stigma and depression in patients with HIV positive. Women scored higher on depression as compared to men. Keywords: HIV Patients, Psychological Impact, Psychological Distress and Social Stigma.","PeriodicalId":19842,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences","volume":"49 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140458091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of Symbiotic in Treatment of Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria: RCT","authors":"Muhammad Ali Lal Bux, T. Laique","doi":"10.53350/pjmhs02023171138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs02023171138","url":null,"abstract":"Background: A challenging health issue nowadays is chronic spontaneous urticaria, which affects almost 2% of the normal population, with half of its sufferers failing to respond to standard treatment therapy. Aim: To determine the efficacy and safety of a symbiotic in the treatment of chronic spontaneous urticaria. Method: This was a randomized trial. This experiment at the Lahore General Hospital involved 204 participants with chronic spontaneous urticaria. Participants were randomized into two groups: oral antihistamines plus an oral probiotic sachet (1.5g) twice daily or oral antihistamines alone for eight weeks. The Urticaria Activity Score was used to evaluate efficacy and safety, while the validated Dermatology Life Quality Index assessed quality of life. An independent sample t-test and a Mann-Whitney test were used to compare the age, UAS7, and DLQI score between the two groups. A p-value ≤0.05 was considered significant. Results: Both treatments significantly improved the UAS7 and DLQI scores from baseline; however, the experimental group produced a significantly greater reduction in the UAS7 and DLQI scores compared to the control group. There was no significant difference in the mean baseline score between both groups. A Wilcoxon signed rank test was used to compare the mean DLQI score before and after treatment in both groups. The results revealed that there was a significant reduction in score from the baseline in both groups. Practical Implication: Due to a lack of clinical data regarding the effective treatment of this health issue, we planned the current project. The results of this study helped us assess the efficacy of probiotics as adjuvant therapy in our local population and added to our local literature. Conclusion: It was concluded that the combination of probiotics and antihistamines showed better efficacy than the antihistamine alone, based on the UAS7 and DLQI scores; hence, they can be used as treatment options among patients. Although further research must be done to validate these findings. Keywords: Efficacy, Safety, Probiotics, DLQI scores, Chronic Urticaria.","PeriodicalId":19842,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences","volume":"315 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140458520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Crisis Management in Professional Basketball Organizations","authors":"Fatma Bayram, D. Katkat","doi":"10.53350/pjmhs02023171117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs02023171117","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The importance of the crisis concept in sports and the hardly reversible nature of the crises prove the importance of the topic. Aim: To examine the crisis management skills of professional basketball team managers. The crisis management skills of the team managers were also analyzed based on several demographic variables. Methods: The sample group for the study consists of 56 team managers who worked in Turkish basketball leagues in the 2021–2022 season. \"Crisis Management Scale\" developed by Sayın (2008) was used as the data collection tool. Results: As a result of normality analyses (Kolmogorov, Smirnov), to analyze the data, in addition to the arithmetic mean (x̅) and frequency (f), in independent paired comparisons, the Independent Sample t-Test, and the Mann-Whitney U-test, having non-parametric equivalents, were employed, and in the analyses of group means greater than two, one-way variance analysis (ANOVA) was used. Conclusion: It was found that there were significant differences in crisis management in terms of sex and professional experience, but no significant difference was found in terms of other variables. Keywords: Basketball team managers, the crisis in basketball, the crisis in sports, sports organizations","PeriodicalId":19842,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences","volume":"37 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140458255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Aerobic and Pilates Exercises on Depression and Sleep Quality in Primigravida Females","authors":"Amina Batool, Zoobia Kousar, Mariya Tariq, Maryam Saleem, Nadia Anwer, J. Aslam","doi":"10.53350/pjmhs02023171127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs02023171127","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: To compare effects of Aerobics and Pilates exercises on depression and sleep quality in primigravida females. Methods: The study was randomized clinical trial and was conducted in children hospital and Mehmooda Hospital Sheikhupura. This study completed in 10 months and convenience sampling technique was used. Total thirty-eight subjects were assigned randomly by using lottery method into two groups. Group A and B received Aerobics and Pilate exercises respectively. Data was collected from all participants at baseline and after 8 weeks of treatment by using CES-D and PSQI questionnaire. After checking the normality of data as p value was greater than 0.05 it was analyzed by using parametric test (independent T test and paired sample T-test) by using SPSS-25. Results: The result of the study showed that in group analysis, improvement in CES-D scale and PSQI were observed in both groups as p value was significant p<0.05.But between the groups significant improvement was seen in CES-D and Quality of Sleep in Pilates training group as p<0.05. Implication: Research on incorporating aerobic exercises during antenatal periods for pregnant women is recommended, with proper follow-up and long-term groupings to ensure treatment efficacy preservation. Conclusion: It was concluded that Aerobics and Pilates exercise training both had significant effects in treating the symptoms of depression and in improving the quality of sleep in antenatal primigravida females. Keywords: Aerobic exercises, Antenatal depression, Pilates exercises, Primigravida females, Sleep quality.","PeriodicalId":19842,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences","volume":"22 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140458622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabesity: The sword with two edges","authors":"Muhammad Kashif Shaikh, Syed Shaukat Ali Muttaqi Shah, I. Karim, Shagufta Laila Memon, Shafaq Jabeen, Samar Raza","doi":"10.53350/pjmhs0202317111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs0202317111","url":null,"abstract":"Pakistan is positioned among the top ten countries in terms of the prevalence of obesity, which exposes its citizens to a heightened risk of developing metabolic disorders and metabolic conditions. Metabolic disorders, such as diabetes, manifest concurrently with obesity and other metabolic disorders. Weight gain is additionally correlated with cardiovascular and neurovascular diseases, as well as accelerated ageing, in addition to the aforementioned complications1. Metabolic conditions are distinguished by an intricate interplay of genetic, behavioural, and metabolic elements; thus, comprehensive management protocols are especially crucial, especially for the population of Pakistan. For this purpose, standardized guidelines and literature that had undergone rigorous evaluation were consulted, including those established by the American Society of Clinical Endocrinology (AACE). Regular examinations for diabetes, dyslipidemia, and cardiovascular diseases, a uniform set of diagnostic criteria, are advised by established protocols for the management of metabesity. Risk assessment involves the evaluation of several physiological parameters, including fasting blood sugar levels (>99mg/dL), high blood pressure (>135/85mmHg), and waist circumference (>90cm in men and >80cm in women in accordance with Asian-based guidelines). The lipid profile (HDL <40mg/dl in men and <50mg/dl in women) is also assessed2,3.","PeriodicalId":19842,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences","volume":"325 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140458424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Review on Repurposing of Drug","authors":"Aqsa Jannat, Sadia Rafique, Sana Javed, Aamna Habib, Zunaira Afzal","doi":"10.53350/pjmhs0202317112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs0202317112","url":null,"abstract":"Background: For discovering novel drugs and to gain market acceptance process of conventional drug discovery is used in which various stages are involved. Aim: To innovate new approaches for minimizing the cost and time of drug discovery. Method: Several attempts were made for the building of plans based on computational tools and on bio-informatics to strengthen the repurposing method off-late. Various approaches used to invent novel signs for FDA accepted drugs are discussed in this review. Results: The repurposing of the drugs has obtained significance in identifying novel therapeutic uses for existing drugs. It is a productive strategy for the discovery of drugs also time and cost-effective.It fills the gap for the absence of efficiency of conventional drug development. Implications: In drug repurposing, selection and decision of suitable repurposing technique depend on previous knowledge and accessible data from particular studies. The best advantage of the drug repurposing technique is that for approved drugs all the required data is available. Conclusion: This technique is currently appearing to overcome the restriction faced during conventional drug discovery in the form of resources, timeline, and financial support . The feasibility of repurposing technique is improved by its systematic application. Some examples of repurposed drugs are also reviewed here. This review also covers the skill of repurposing survival drugs for use against microbes. Keywords: Conventional drug, drug repurposing, repurposing approaches, docking, proteinopathy.","PeriodicalId":19842,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences","volume":"24 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140458598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Cardiovascular Disease Diagnosis: A Review","authors":"Ifra Chaudhary, Hassan Anwar","doi":"10.53350/pjmhs0202317118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs0202317118","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Cardiovascular diseases present a significant global health challenge and remain the leading cause of death worldwide. However, traditional approaches to prevention, diagnosis, and treatment struggle to keep up with the increasing prevalence of these diseases. Aim: To enhance patient outcomes and optimize healthcare resource utilization. Artificial intelligence (AI), specifically machine learning and deep learning, has rapidly emerged as a promising tool with the potential to revolutionize various aspects of cardiovascular disease management, including detection, diagnosis, and treatment. Method: Reviewed the current literature surrounding AI techniques using PubMed, Science Direct, NCBI and Google Scholar, specifically exploring machine learning and deep learning, and their application in diagnosing heart disease. The focus was on AI's role in improving diagnostic techniques such as echocardiography, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography angiography, and electrocardiogram analysis. Results: AI has promising applications in various aspects of cardiovascular disease management. Its application in diagnostic techniques can help detect, diagnose, and treat heart disease, ultimately leading to more accurate and personalized treatments. Practical Implication: By integrating these advanced technologies into clinical practice, we can transform the diagnosis and management of heart diseases, leading to more accurate and personalized diagnostics and treatments. Conclusion: AI presents a significant potential in transforming the global health landscape by enhancing cardiovascular disease management. By leveraging these advanced technologies, clinicians can improve patient care and overall outcomes while addressing the increasing prevalence of these diseases. Keywords: Heart Diseases, Diagnosis, Deep Learning, Machine Learning, Public Health.","PeriodicalId":19842,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences","volume":"22 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140458205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Frequency of Neonatal Hypothermia in Preterm Infants Wrapped with and without Plastic Bag after delivery","authors":"Faizan Pervaiz, Maria Iqbal, Nadia Ejaz, Mahjabeen Akram, Sahar Fatima, Rafia Shoukat","doi":"10.53350/pjmhs02023171123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs02023171123","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Preterm birth accompanies many complications including hypothermia that worsens neonatal health and may result in fatality if left untreated. Globally, plastic wraps are being used as a low-cost and effective method to maintain temperature. Aim: To compare frequency of neonatal hypothermia in preterm infants wrapped with and without plastic bag after delivery. Study design: This was randomized control trial. Methodology: This study was conducted using at Pediatrics department of SIMS hospital, Lahore, during 6 months. Data was collected using non-probability, consecutive sampling from a sample of 92 (46 newborns in each group). Infants randomized to group-B (no bag group) received standard hospital care based on WHO thermoregulation of the newborn protocol. The data was entered and analyzed in SPSS 23. Results: In plastic wrap group there were 32(69.57%) male and 14(30.43%) female cases while in no wrap group there were 27(58.70%) male and 19(41.30%) female cases, p-value >0.05. The median temperature after one hour was higher in plastic wrap and no wrap group was 37.6±0.7 and 36.85±1.80c respectively, p-value < 0.05. There were 3(6.5%) cases in plastic wrap group and 15(32.6%) of the cases in no wrap group who developed hypothermia, the frequency of hypothermia was statistically less in wrap group when compared with no wrap group, p-value <0.05. Practical Implication: However, there is limited literature in Pakistan that compares temperature maintenance among neonates wrapped and unwrapped with plastic bags. This investigation will help find better answers to this problem. Conclusion: It is concluded that the preterm infants wrapped with plastic bag after delivery had less frequency of neonatal hypothermia after 1 hour. Plastic wraps are effective, low cost and low resource friendly method that should be opted for temperature maintenance of preterm babies. Keywords: Hypothermia, Preterm Birth, Hyperthermia, plastic wraps, Neonates and Temperature.","PeriodicalId":19842,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences","volume":"449 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140458467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Frequency of Immunohistochemical Marker GPC-3 Expression in Malignant Tumors","authors":"Noshaba Rahat, H. Shahzad","doi":"10.53350/pjmhs2023176202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs2023176202","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To determine the frequency of immunohistochemical marker GPC-3 expression in malignant tumours in a tertiary care hospital. Material & Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted at the department of Histopathology, Dr. Ziauddin Medical University and Hospital, north campus, Karachi, a total of 114 cases of malignant tumours were enrolled using consecutive sampling technique in a period of six months from 1st April, 2012 to 30th September, 2012. Patients of both genders and all age groups of histologically diagnosed case of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) metastatic tumours, germ cell tumours (GCT) and squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) were all included in the study. The patients with benign tumours, malignant lymphoma, brain tumours, breast tumours, colon carcinoma and malignant melanoma were excluded from the study. The study outcome was determined as frequency of positive GPC-3 expression. Results: A total of 114 cases were enrolled. Average age was 48.8 years with majority of cases (70.4%) were 40 years or above age. Male gender was slight dominance (53.5%). Squamous cell carcinoma was the most common (78.9%) followed by, germ cell tumours (10.5%) including (6.1%) yolk sac tumour and 4.3% Germinoma. Hepatocellular carcinoma was found in (6.1%) study cases. Most of the cases (45.6%) were moderately differentiated (SCC and HCC),followed by poorly (42.1%) and well differentiated (12.3%) grading. The frequency of positive GPC-3 expression was 25.4% in all malignant tumour in the current study. It is diagnostic and accuracy is more than other markers for definitive diagnosis and tp differenciate between primary and metastatic tumors. Conclusion: In conclusion out of 114 cases 25.4% of total cases show GCP-3 positively, among which GCT were 24.1% and HCC were 85.7% which is quite similar to other reported studies. Type of the tumour was found to be significantly associated with the age group above 40 years (P=0.000). There is significant association between type of tumour and GCP-3 expression (P=0.000). Keywords: Malignant Tumours, SCC, HCC GCT, GPC, GPC-3 expression","PeriodicalId":19842,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139362261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}