Personalized Medicine in Psychiatry最新文献

{"title":"Interpersonal stressors in individuals with personality disorders who die by suicide","authors":"Eileen Danaee ,&nbsp;Samantha G. Mason ,&nbsp;Prudence Po Ming Chan ,&nbsp;Shelley F. McMain ,&nbsp;Ayal Schaffer ,&nbsp;Mark Sinyor","doi":"10.1016/j.pmip.2026.100182","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pmip.2026.100182","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To explore the characteristics and prevalence of interpersonal stressors prior to suicide in individuals with personality disorders compared to individuals without personality disorders.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Records at the Office of the Chief Coroner of Ontario were reviewed to identify suicide decedents with personality disorders (<em>n</em> = 105) and without personality disorders (<em>n</em> = 5183) in Toronto, Ontario (1998–2020). Coroner charts were coded for demographic data, interpersonal stressors, mental health history, and other suicide-related characteristics. Chi-square comparisons were conducted to examine stressors, and all other suicide-related characteristics associated with suicide across both groups.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Suicide decedents with personality disorders (<em>M =</em> 38.4 years ± 14.6, 48% female, 90.5% single) had higher interpersonal conflict than those without personality disorders (OR: 1.72, 95% CI [1.09–2.71]). Other interpersonal stressors, including a recent relationship breakup were not different between groups. Additional analyses showed that the personality disorder group was younger, and had a greater proportion of females, single individuals, and those with previous suicide attempts.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Our results demonstrated that those with personality disorders had a higher prevalence of interpersonal conflict, but not other interpersonal stressors prior to suicide compared to those without personality disorders. Suicide decedents with personality disorders were primarily in low-risk demographic groups (i.e., females and younger people).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19837,"journal":{"name":"Personalized Medicine in Psychiatry","volume":"55 ","pages":"Article 100182"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147397144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dual motor and mood benefits of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in comorbid Parkinson’s disease, tardive dyskinesia, and depression: A case report","authors":"Katherine Yin ,&nbsp;Krishna Patel ,&nbsp;Emerald Pedroza ,&nbsp;Ayesha Rashid","doi":"10.1016/j.pmip.2026.100179","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pmip.2026.100179","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder of aging, and the most common movement disorder. Approximately one-third of patients with PD are treated with antipsychotic drugs. Prolonged exposure carries a significant risk of tardive dyskinesia (TD), characterized by involuntary movements that classically involve the oral-buccal-lingual region but may affect any muscle group. Although Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) of the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (left-DLPFC) is FDA-cleared treatment for treatment-resistant depression, evidence for its use in primary motor symptom modulation is limited. We present the case of a 66-year-old woman with major depressive disorder (MDD), PD, essential tremor, and TD who experienced profound benefits across all conditions following rTMS. After an initial course, she reported a 40–50% reduction in Parkinsonian motor symptoms, decreased TD, and remission of depression and essential tremor. A second course was administered to address residual TD, resulting in its resolution along with patient-reported 90–100% improvement in Parkinsonian tremors, gait instability, masked facies, and speech impairment. To our knowledge, this is the first documented case in which rTMS over the left-DLPFC produced sustained near-extinction of PD motor symptoms and subsequent resolution of TD. These findings highlight the therapeutic promise of rTMS beyond mood disorders and underscore the need for systematic investigation of its efficacy in PD and TD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19837,"journal":{"name":"Personalized Medicine in Psychiatry","volume":"55 ","pages":"Article 100179"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146189142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Young Adults’ experiences of dental Anxiety: A multidisciplinary qualitative study of Triggers, Avoidance, and intervention strategies","authors":"Azizi Ab Malek ,&nbsp;Nawwal Alwani Mohd Radzi ,&nbsp;Muhd Firdaus Che Musa","doi":"10.1016/j.pmip.2025.100169","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pmip.2025.100169","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dental anxiety is a clinically significant condition that shares core features with specific phobia, including anticipatory fear, autonomic arousal, and behavioral avoidance. Particularly prevalent among young adults, dental anxiety contributes to delayed treatment, deteriorating oral health, and psychological distress. Despite various intervention efforts, limited research has examined the emotional, cognitive, and contextual factors underlying dental anxiety through a multidisciplinary lens. This qualitative study explored the lived experiences and clinical insights of young adults, dentists, and mental health professionals in managing dental anxiety. Using Braun and Clarke’s reflexive thematic analysis, data from focus group discussions with 18 dentists and in-depth interviews with 16 high-anxiety young adults (MDAS ≥ 19) and 4 mental health professionals (clinical psychologists and psychiatrists) were inductively analyzed with NVivo software. Ten interrelated themes emerged across five core domains: (1) psychological mechanisms including autonomic symptoms and anxiety-driven behaviors; (2) trauma-related conditioning rooted in early dental experiences; (3) cognitive-affective patterns shaped by trust, fear of the unknown, and perceived control; (4) intervention preferences emphasizing visual tools and empathic delivery; and (5) behavioral and systemic outcomes such as treatment avoidance and increased resource demands. Findings support trauma-informed, multidisciplinary care models incorporating early screening, sensory-adapted environments, and structured psychoeducation. Dental anxiety should be reframed within broader mental health frameworks to enhance psychological safety, improve engagement and reduce long-term burden.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19837,"journal":{"name":"Personalized Medicine in Psychiatry","volume":"53 ","pages":"Article 100169"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145682468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A global longitudinal study of social-ecological factors affecting depression and anxiety during COVID-19","authors":"Abbeygail Jones ,&nbsp;Vaughan Bell ,&nbsp;Keri Ka-Yee Wong","doi":"10.1016/j.pmip.2025.100168","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pmip.2025.100168","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>This study models depression and anxiety over time and the effect of individual, relational, community and societal-level predictors during the initial COVID-19 outbreak, to explore important factors for research or clinical practice.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Pre-registered analysis was conducted on longitudinal survey data from The Global Social Trust and Mental Health Study conducted between April 2020 and July 2021. There were 2345 respondents with data available for analysis across 6 continents (70.6 % female, 24.7 % male, mean age 36.4 years). Anxiety and depression symptoms were stable and low (below clinical cut-offs) on average. Random Intercept Cross-lagged Panel Models and Latent Transition Analysis estimated the effects of parental status, household chaos, household crowding, outdoor access, demographic variables, and lockdown stringency on depression and anxiety symptoms.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>In line with the Social Ecological Model, multi-level factors were associated with anxiety and depression. Female gender, younger age, non-marginalised ethnicity, lower socioeconomic status, not being a parent, higher household chaos, less outdoor access and lower lockdown stringency were associated with the greater levels of depression and anxiety across the study.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19837,"journal":{"name":"Personalized Medicine in Psychiatry","volume":"53 ","pages":"Article 100168"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145600437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prediction of sustained benefits from computerized training in older individuals with and without mild cognitive impairment: A machine-learning comparison of participant characteristics, baseline performance, and training gains","authors":"Justin Macchiarelli ,&nbsp;Varsha D. Badal ,&nbsp;Andrea Rivera-Molina ,&nbsp;Peter Kallestrup ,&nbsp;Sara J. Czaja ,&nbsp;Philip D. Harvey","doi":"10.1016/j.pmip.2025.100172","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pmip.2025.100172","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Computerized training has demonstrated efficacy in people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), but benefits vary across participants. Identifying risk for poor outcomes could inform personalization. We previously identified participants who mastered this 6-task digital training program with a baseline algorithm. Here we report on prediction of durability of training gains using machine learning.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>MCI (n = 84) and NC (n = 68) participants received remote, computerized functional skills training (FUNSAT™), twice a week for up to 12 weeks. Half of the MCI participants had a burst of cognitive training before skills training. Training gains for both groups had effect sizes &gt;0.75. 30 days post-training, participants were reassessed for durability of gains (≥80 %). Machine Learning analyses, predicted durability using individual characteristics (e.g., cognitive performance), baseline task performance, or training features (e.g., amount of training, training gains per session). We examined easiest (Ticket Purchase) and hardest (Internet Banking) tasks.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Durability was 78 % for ticket and 65 % for banking. Most informative predictors of durability were training process variables: improvement in completion time for ticket and completion time end of training for banking. For ticket, three baseline measures were also informative.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>FUNSAT training results were durable for most participants and process variables were the best predictors. Variables that previously identified failure in mastery did not predict durability of gains. Computerized cognitive training added to FUNSAT training did add to durability for MCI participants These results suggest that identifying predictors of different types of poor training outcomes could personalize computerized training to increase mastery and durability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19837,"journal":{"name":"Personalized Medicine in Psychiatry","volume":"53 ","pages":"Article 100172"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145682469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “A global longitudinal study of social-ecological factors affecting depression and anxiety during COVID-19” [Personal. Med. Psychiatr. 53–54C (2025) 100168]","authors":"Abbeygail Jones ,&nbsp;Vaughan Bell ,&nbsp;Keri Ka-Yee Wong","doi":"10.1016/j.pmip.2025.100173","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pmip.2025.100173","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19837,"journal":{"name":"Personalized Medicine in Psychiatry","volume":"53 ","pages":"Article 100173"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145787204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cut-off points for impaired insight in bipolar disorder using the insight scale for affective disorders","authors":"Anna Luiza Guimarães ,&nbsp;Eduardo Fernandes ,&nbsp;Isadora Salgado ,&nbsp;Rafael de Assis da Silva ,&nbsp;Antonio Egídio Nardi ,&nbsp;Elie Cheniaux ,&nbsp;Daniel C. Mograbi","doi":"10.1016/j.pmip.2025.100174","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pmip.2025.100174","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Impaired insight is a key feature of bipolar disorder (BD), particularly during manic episodes, and is associated with poorer clinical outcomes. Although the Insight Scale for Affective Disorders (ISAD) is widely used to assess insight in mood disorders, standardized cut-off scores to distinguish levels of insight impairment have not been established. Here, we conducted Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis to identify ISAD thresholds that best discriminated between preserved, moderately, and severely impaired insight in 126 individuals with BD, using a clinical interview as a gold standard. The optimal ISAD cut-off for moderate insight impairment was ≥21, yielding a sensitivity of 94.1 % and a specificity of 71.7 % (AUC = 0.91). For severe impairment, the optimal cut-off was ≥27, with a sensitivity of 95.2 % and a specificity of 90.5 % (AUC = 0.97). Insight impairment was most prevalent in manic states and least common in euthymia/depression/mixed states, consistent with prior literature. The ISAD demonstrated excellent to outstanding accuracy in detecting varying levels of insight impairment in BD. The identified cut-off points can assist clinical decision-making, facilitate stratification, and support future research on psychosocial interventions designed to mitigate reduced insight and its consequences.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19837,"journal":{"name":"Personalized Medicine in Psychiatry","volume":"53 ","pages":"Article 100174"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145737368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of daylight on sleep and circadian rhythms in patients with depression","authors":"José Ángel Rubiño-Díaz ,&nbsp;M. Cristina Nicolau ,&nbsp;Anna Riera ,&nbsp;Aida Martín ,&nbsp;Francesca Cañellas","doi":"10.1016/j.pmip.2025.100170","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pmip.2025.100170","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Current research has shown depressive symptoms are associated with sleep disturbances and misalignment of circadian rhythms. A chronobiological intervention combined with the usual antidepressant treatment may improve depressive symptoms along with sleep quality and circadian rhythms in patients with depression. This feasibility study was carried out with 38 participants: 21 outpatients suffering from non-seasonal major depressive disorder (MDD) and 17 healthy volunteers (general population). Patients were randomly assigned to two groups: 11 patients received a chronobiological intervention which consisted of regular specified daylight exposure for 14 days in conjunction with pharmacological treatment (LIGHT group), while 10 patients received only treatment-a-usual (TAU group). Depressive severity at inclusion was assessed with the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Scale and the International Neuropsychiatric Interview was used to exclude comorbid psychiatric disorders. The evolution of depressive symptoms was assessed using the Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology-Self Report. Patients’ chronotype was evaluated with the Munich Chronotype Questionnaire and sleep with Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and a sleep agenda. In addition, circadian parameters (motor activity, skin temperature and light exposure) were assessed using the Kronowise® device and target sleep quality indices were calculated. Depressive patients undergoing psychopharmacological treatment, who received a specific instruction to increase their exposure to daylight improved their depressive symptoms, sleep quality, motor activity and peripheral temperature rhythms more than the TAU group.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19837,"journal":{"name":"Personalized Medicine in Psychiatry","volume":"53 ","pages":"Article 100170"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145617266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cognitive behavioural therapy for perinatal insomnia: A systematic review on postpartum outcomes","authors":"Laura Szabo ,&nbsp;Lizzy Taylor","doi":"10.1016/j.pmip.2025.100167","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pmip.2025.100167","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Insomnia is highly prevalent in the perinatal period and is associated with postpartum depression (PPD) and adverse maternal and infant outcomes. Cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) is an established treatment in the general population, with proven short- and long-term effects. Although research on perinatal insomnia is still emerging, several recent randomised controlled trials (RCTs) have tested its postpartum efficacy. This systematic review examined the evidence of CBT-I in treating postpartum insomnia and reducing PPD.</div><div>Six databases were searched from their earliest available records to July 2024, yielding a total of 408 records. Eight trials met the inclusion criteria, which were methodologically appraised using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool (RoB-2). Due to substantial clinical and methodological heterogeneity, a narrative synthesis was conducted.</div><div>Across studies, CBT-I produced small to medium effects on insomnia outcomes during early and mid-postpartum, with larger effects emerging in late postpartum. Effects on depressive symptoms were inconsistent and generally small. Overall certainty of evidence was low due to high risk of bias, small sample sizes, heterogeneous control conditions, and limited reporting of key postpartum confounders (e.g., infant night waking, breastfeeding, pharmacological sleep aid use). CBT-I shows potential for improving postpartum insomnia, but current evidence is insufficient to support strong clinical recommendations. Larger, methodologically rigorous trials with postpartum-specific adaptations and diverse samples are needed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19837,"journal":{"name":"Personalized Medicine in Psychiatry","volume":"53 ","pages":"Article 100167"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145600436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Approaches to mitigate weight gain associated with antipsychotic use","authors":"Faith Tran ,&nbsp;Alexaundria Barnes ,&nbsp;Rebecca Urbonas ,&nbsp;Zina Meriden","doi":"10.1016/j.pmip.2025.100151","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pmip.2025.100151","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Antipsychotics are vital in the management of multiple psychiatric disorders. Weight gain is a common adverse effect that can impact quality of life and long-term adherence to treatment. The goal of this literature review is to explore posited mechanisms for antipsychotic-induced weight gain (AIWG) and review proposed nonpharmacological and pharmacological interventions to mitigate this weight gain.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>An electronic literature search was performed on PubMed to identify full-text, English-language articles that discussed AIWG. Selected articles were published between 2000 and 2024.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Findings from 68 articles were reviewed and discussed. 27 strategies/agents of varying efficacies were identified. Non-pharmacologic interventions exhibit data in being effective against AIWG. Switching to an antipsychotic with a more favorable side-effect profile can be an appropriate option, but it is associated with an increased risk of relapse. Metformin is the most widely accepted and researched adjunctive treatment, followed by liraglutide and samidorphan. Dulaglutide, semaglutide, topiramate, betahistine, amantadine hydrochloride, berberine, probiotics, dietary fiber, nanoparticle formulation, and reboxetine show promising results in the attenuation of AIWG but need further research to understand their efficacy, metabolic effects, and safety. Melatonin, vitamin D, orlistat, modafinil, and naltrexone currently have very little data and have yet to exhibit compelling results. Lorcaserin, rimonabant, and sibutramine have all been removed from the market in the United States and are not recommended.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Data on AIWG is diverse, but scarce. Further research is needed to better understand the pathophysiology of AIWG and explore long-term effectiveness and safety of promising pharmacologic therapies in this vulnerable patient population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19837,"journal":{"name":"Personalized Medicine in Psychiatry","volume":"51 ","pages":"Article 100151"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143817521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}