Pediatric endocrinology reviews : PER最新文献_第3页

Decision Support Systems for Insulin Treatment Adjustment in People with Type 1 Diabetes. 1型糖尿病患者胰岛素治疗调整的决策支持系统

4区医学

Pediatric endocrinology reviews : PER Pub Date : 2020-03-01 DOI: 10.17458/per.vol17.2020.n.insulintreatmenttype1diabetes

Revital Nimri

{"title":"Decision Support Systems for Insulin Treatment Adjustment in People with Type 1 Diabetes.","authors":"Revital Nimri","doi":"10.17458/per.vol17.2020.n.insulintreatmenttype1diabetes","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17458/per.vol17.2020.n.insulintreatmenttype1diabetes","url":null,"abstract":"For people with type 1 diabetes, achieving optimal glycemic control requires use of intensive insulin therapy. To achieve this goal individuals are required to become proficient in accurately determining the appropriate amount of insulin needed to address a variety of situations throughout the day while considering numerous influencing factors. They also need to perform multiple tasks a day such as counting carbohydrates to accurately determine the required premeal bolus. There is also a need to periodically adjust insulin dosing as insulin sensitivity varies considerably over time. Sophisticated advanced technologies are being used by growing numbers of individuals to manage diabetes. However, despite innovations in glucose monitoring technologies and new insulin formulations, many of these individuals are not achieving their glycemic goals. The new technologies provide ample amount of valuable diabetes related data that may complicate even further the insulin dosing decision making for people with diabetes as well as for the health care providers. Mobile health, digital tools and decision support systems can help to increase accurate, timely insulin dosing and insulin titration and holds the potential to improve glycemic control to a wide range of individuals with diabetes. The emerging mobile toolbox for insulin dosing adjustments that will be reviewed in this paper includes insulin management Apps; diverse range of Apps to guide insulin adjustments such as in times of physical activity and eating; data management systems which enable visualization and analysis of insulin and glucose data of various devices; real-time alarms and glucose prediction Apps that help to prevent hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia events; various bolus calculators for meal time dosing; sophisticated decision support algorithms for people using insulin pump, multiple insulin injections and closed loop systems for real-time and retrospective insulin dosing adjustments.","PeriodicalId":19827,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric endocrinology reviews : PER","volume":"17 Suppl 1","pages":"170-182"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37768708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

History of Insulin Treatment in Children and Adolescents with Diabetes in Japan. 日本儿童和青少年糖尿病胰岛素治疗史

4区医学

Pediatric endocrinology reviews : PER Pub Date : 2020-03-01 DOI: 10.17458/per.vol17.2020.u.insulintreatchildadolescentjapan

Tatsuhiko Urakami

引用次数: 0

Update on Worldwide Trends in Occurrence of Childhood Type 1 Diabetes in 2020. 2020年全球儿童1型糖尿病发生趋势的最新进展

4区医学

Pediatric endocrinology reviews : PER Pub Date : 2020-03-01 DOI: 10.17458/per.vol17.2020.tol.epidemiologychildtype1diabetes

Jaakko Tuomilehto, Graham D Ogle, Nicolai A Lund-Blix, Lars C Stene

{"title":"Update on Worldwide Trends in Occurrence of Childhood Type 1 Diabetes in 2020.","authors":"Jaakko Tuomilehto, Graham D Ogle, Nicolai A Lund-Blix, Lars C Stene","doi":"10.17458/per.vol17.2020.tol.epidemiologychildtype1diabetes","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17458/per.vol17.2020.tol.epidemiologychildtype1diabetes","url":null,"abstract":"Epidemiological data on pediatric type 1 diabetes (T1D), mainly incidence, have become increasingly available since the second half of the 20th century. Comparative incidence data across populations were only obtained since the 1980s. The 2019 IDF Atlas provides T1D incidence, prevalence and mortality estimates for children < 15 years for all 211 countries, but actual data were available for only 94 countries (only 3 low-income). The estimated prevalent cases were 600,900 and incident cases 98,200. Incidence remains highest in Finland (60/100,000/ year), Sardinia and Sweden, followed by Kuwait, some other northern European countries, Saudi Arabia, Algeria, Australia, New Zealand, USA and Canada. The lowest incidence is seen across East and South-East Asia. Globally, the average increase in incidence has been 3-4%/year over past decades, being steeper in low-incidence countries. Although T1D mortality has drastically decreased, there is still a higher risk compared with the non-diabetic population, especially in people with diabetic nephropathy.","PeriodicalId":19827,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric endocrinology reviews : PER","volume":"17 Suppl 1","pages":"198-209"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37768711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 53

Eli Lilly and Company Insulins - A Century of Innovation. 礼来公司胰岛素-一个世纪的创新。

4区医学

Pediatric endocrinology reviews : PER Pub Date : 2020-03-01 DOI: 10.17458/per.vol17.2020.jjh.elilillycompanyinsulin

J K Malone, J H Jr Anderson, H A Wolpert, L L Ilag, B H Frank, M R De Felippis, C D Paavola, A L Orr, J M Beals

{"title":"Eli Lilly and Company Insulins - A Century of Innovation.","authors":"J K Malone, J H Jr Anderson, H A Wolpert, L L Ilag, B H Frank, M R De Felippis, C D Paavola, A L Orr, J M Beals","doi":"10.17458/per.vol17.2020.jjh.elilillycompanyinsulin","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17458/per.vol17.2020.jjh.elilillycompanyinsulin","url":null,"abstract":"Eli Lilly and Company has played a pivotal role in the development of insulin products since its discovery in 1921. Through their dedication to pharmaceutical innovation, Josiah K. Lilly Sr. and George HA Clowes, in close collaborations with the University of Toronto, made insulin commercially available in 1923. Other innovations include the development and commercialization of the first biosynthetic human insulin, a rapid-acting insulin analog and analog mixtures. Lilly has advanced the field of knowledge with significant efforts toward developing a hepatic preferential basal insulin. Other important insulin projects include the first concentrated rapid-acting insulin analog, clinical studies supporting the use of highly concentrated human insulin, and an advanced clinical development program for an ultra-rapid insulin analog. Lilly's commitment to people affected with diabetes remains strong and will continue into the future through collaborative research, innovative product development and investing in advanced technologies.","PeriodicalId":19827,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric endocrinology reviews : PER","volume":"17 Suppl 1","pages":"138-160"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37768242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

The Discovery and Structure of Human Insulin. 人胰岛素的发现及其结构。

4区医学

Pediatric endocrinology reviews : PER Pub Date : 2020-03-01 DOI: 10.17458/per.vol17.2020.zfs.discoverystructureinsulin

Chelsea Zimmerman, Gregory Forlenza, Desmond Schatz

引用次数: 1

Insulin: A Growth Hormone and Potential Oncogene. 胰岛素:生长激素和潜在的致癌基因。

4区医学

Pediatric endocrinology reviews : PER Pub Date : 2020-03-01 DOI: 10.17458/per.vol17.2020.lw.insulinghpotentialoncogene

Zvi Laron, Haim Werner

引用次数: 5

Precocious puberty. 性早熟。

4区医学

Pediatric endocrinology reviews : PER Pub Date : 2020-02-07 DOI: 10.32388/hyqwd0

A. Papathanasiou, C. Hadjiathanasiou

引用次数: 1

Primary School Performance of Girls with Turner Syndrome: A Transcultural Assessment. 特纳综合症女童小学表现的跨文化评估。

4区医学

Pediatric endocrinology reviews : PER Pub Date : 2019-12-01 DOI: 10.17458/per.vol17.2019.lhs.gilrsturnersyndrome

J. Lebl, R. Hamza, J. Stoklasova, J. Zapletalová, S. Koloušková, O. Souček, B. Obermannová, M. Šnajderová, S. Amaratunga, Z. Šumník, M. Pavlíková, S. Pruhova

{"title":"Primary School Performance of Girls with Turner Syndrome: A Transcultural Assessment.","authors":"J. Lebl, R. Hamza, J. Stoklasova, J. Zapletalová, S. Koloušková, O. Souček, B. Obermannová, M. Šnajderová, S. Amaratunga, Z. Šumník, M. Pavlíková, S. Pruhova","doi":"10.17458/per.vol17.2019.lhs.gilrsturnersyndrome","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17458/per.vol17.2019.lhs.gilrsturnersyndrome","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVES\u0000We analyzed primary school performance of girls with Turner syndrome (TS) in two distinct countries to ascertain if the cognitive phenotype of TS causes selective learning difficulties.\u0000\u0000\u0000METHODS\u0000The cohort comprised of 44 Czech and 50 Egyptian girls with TS who attended public schools. School reports from grades 1 to 9 were obtained retrospectively from Czech participants with TS. Only recent school reports were obtained from Egyptian participants. Two controls per participant were requested - biological sisters and/or female classmates. The results were converted into a 5-point scale (1-excellent; 5-unsatisfactory).\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000Analysis of longitudinal Czech data displayed a strong time component in both subjects and controls. Showing better points in lower grades with its gradual worsening as the education complexity increased. In contrast, there was a strong statistically significant difference between groups in Mathematics (p=0.0041, p=0.0205 after Bonferroni correction) and this difference increased over time. The points for Mathematics did not differ in grades 1+2 (0.05 difference in mean grade between the two groups), however, they differed by 0.28 in grades 6+7 and by 0.32 in grades 8+9. While slightly different in character (cross-sectional vs. longitudinal), the Egyptian cohort data confirmed our findings, showing no difference in general school performance but having similar trends in Mathematics (grades 1+2: 0.11, grades 6+7: 0.54, grades 8+9: 0.68; p=0.0058, p=0.029 after Bonferroni correction).\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSION\u0000Excluding results in Mathematics, which showed pronounced worsening in relation to age in comparison with unaffected controls, girls with TS performed similarly to their controls.","PeriodicalId":19827,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric endocrinology reviews : PER","volume":"29 10","pages":"117-124"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72470620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pediatric Cushing Syndrome; an Overview. 儿童库欣综合征;概述。

4区医学

Pediatric endocrinology reviews : PER Pub Date : 2019-12-01 DOI: 10.17458/per.vol17.2019.ts.pediatriccushingsyndrome

C. Tatsi, C. Stratakis

引用次数: 3

For Debate: Programing of the Autoimmune Diabetogenic Response in the Thymus during Fetal and Perinatal Life. 辩论:胎儿和围产期胸腺自身免疫性糖尿病反应的编程。

4区医学

Pediatric endocrinology reviews : PER Pub Date : 2019-12-01 DOI: 10.17458/per.vol17.2019.gh.fd.autoimmunediabetogenicthymus

V. Geenen, D. Hober

{"title":"For Debate: Programing of the Autoimmune Diabetogenic Response in the Thymus during Fetal and Perinatal Life.","authors":"V. Geenen, D. Hober","doi":"10.17458/per.vol17.2019.gh.fd.autoimmunediabetogenicthymus","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17458/per.vol17.2019.gh.fd.autoimmunediabetogenicthymus","url":null,"abstract":"T he presentation of self-peptides in the thymus is responsible both for negative selection of selfreactive T cells emerging during stochastic TCR recombination in fetal life, as well as positive selection of self-specific regulatory thymic T (tTreg) cells during and after perinatal life. The combination of these two sequential processes programs central self-tolerance, a fundamental property of the adaptive immune system. A defect in intrathymic self-presentation, either genetic or acquired, is the earliest event in the pathogenesis of autoimmunity already during fetal development. This defect is necessary but not sufficient for the appearance of a classical autoimmune disease like type 1 diabetes (T1D). Environmental factors are required for activation of the diabetogenic autoimmune response that targets insulin-secreting β cells in pancreatic Langerhans’ islets. Based on epidemiological studies, viral infections have been suspected for a long time to be one of those environmental factors. In this Debate article, we present a series of experimental data that support the hypothesis that, following vertical transplacental transfer, viruses might infect the fetal thymus and disturb already in utero central self-tolerance orchestrated by this organ. “It is with logic that we prove but it is with intuition that we discover.” Henri Poincaré (1854-1912) Ref: Ped. Endocrinol. Rev. 2019;17(2):00-00 doi:","PeriodicalId":19827,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric endocrinology reviews : PER","volume":"65 1","pages":"78-83"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83938172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2