Pharmacotherapy: The Journal of Human Pharmacology and Drug Therapy最新文献

{"title":"Prevalence of Maternal‐Risk Factors Related to Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome in a Commercial Claims Database: 2011‐2015","authors":"Chintan V. Dave, A. Goodin, Yanmin Zhu, A. Winterstein, Xi Wang, Adel A. Alrwisan, A. Hartzema","doi":"10.1002/phar.2315","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/phar.2315","url":null,"abstract":"Despite the rising incidence of neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS), data evaluating trends in maternal risk factors associated with NAS have not been available for recent years, a period characterized by declining opioid prescriptions. The objective of this study was to examine the prevalence of opioid‐ and non–opioid‐related factors associated with NAS, and by mutually exclusive subgroups of deliveries without prescription‐opioid use, with prescription‐opioid use, and with opioid‐use disorder (OUD).","PeriodicalId":19812,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacotherapy: The Journal of Human Pharmacology and Drug Therapy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80538415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the 40th Anniversary of the American College of Clinical Pharmacy: Musing About Books, Journals, and Libraries","authors":"C. DeVane","doi":"10.1002/phar.2327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/phar.2327","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19812,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacotherapy: The Journal of Human Pharmacology and Drug Therapy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89665754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictors of Warfarin Time in Therapeutic Range after Continuous‐Flow Left Ventricular Assist Device","authors":"James B. Henderson, P. Iyer, A. C. Coniglio, J. Katz, C. Chien, I. Hollis","doi":"10.1002/phar.2324","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/phar.2324","url":null,"abstract":"Patients with a continuous‐flow left ventricular assist device (CF‐LVAD) require anticoagulation with a vitamin K antagonist to prevent thromboembolic events. Fluctuations in the international normalized ratio are associated with both increased thrombotic and bleeding episodes. To date, risk factors for low time in therapeutic range (TTR) among ambulatory patients with a CF‐LVAD have not been explored.","PeriodicalId":19812,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacotherapy: The Journal of Human Pharmacology and Drug Therapy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88856728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treatment of Helicobacter pylori in Special Patient Populations","authors":"Cynthia T. Nguyen, Kyle A. Davis, S. Nisly, Julius Li","doi":"10.1002/phar.2318","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/phar.2318","url":null,"abstract":"Helicobacter pylori infection can lead to gastritis, gastric and duodenal ulcers, and gastric cancer. Consequently, complete eradication is the goal of therapy. First‐line therapy for H. pylori infection includes clarithromycin triple therapy (clarithromycin, proton pump inhibitor [PPI], and amoxicillin or metronidazole), bismuth quadruple therapy (bismuth salt, PPI, tetracycline, and metronidazole or amoxicillin), or concomitant therapy (clarithromycin, PPI, amoxicillin, and metronidazole). However, many patients have relative contraindications to the antibiotics included in these regimens, making therapy selection difficult. Furthermore, failure of initial therapy makes selection of second‐line therapy challenging due to concerns for potential resistance to agents included in the initial regimen. This review discusses H. pylori microbiology, including antibiotic resistance, and summarizes the existing evidence for first‐ and second‐line treatment regimens that may be considered for special populations such as patients with penicillin allergies, patients with or at risk for QTc‐interval prolongation, and patients who are pregnant, breastfeeding, or elderly.","PeriodicalId":19812,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacotherapy: The Journal of Human Pharmacology and Drug Therapy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74182808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incidence of Rebound Hypertension after Discontinuation of Dexmedetomidine","authors":"Lauren A Flieller, C. Alaniz, Melissa R. Pleva, James T. Miller","doi":"10.1002/phar.2323","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/phar.2323","url":null,"abstract":"To date, no studies have evaluated the incidence of rebound hypertension occurring with the discontinuation of long‐term (> 72 hrs) dexmedetomidine infusions. Rebound hypertension has been documented in the literature with clonidine, a structurally and pharmacologically similar medication.","PeriodicalId":19812,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacotherapy: The Journal of Human Pharmacology and Drug Therapy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84909978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dexmedetomidine Alleviates Postpartum Depressive Symptoms following Cesarean Section in Chinese Women: A Randomized Placebo‐Controlled Study","authors":"Heya Yu, Sai Wang, Chengxuan Quan, Chao Fang, Shi-Chao Luo, Dan-yang Li, Shanshan Zhen, Jiahui Ma, K. Duan","doi":"10.1002/phar.2320","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/phar.2320","url":null,"abstract":"Few studies have investigated the prophylactic efficacy of dexmedetomidine (DEX) in postpartum depressive symptoms (PDS). A randomized double‐blind placebo‐controlled trial was conducted to investigate whether the administration of DEX, immediately after delivery and for patient‐controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA), can attenuate PDS.","PeriodicalId":19812,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacotherapy: The Journal of Human Pharmacology and Drug Therapy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87363977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implementation of a Multimodal Pain Management Order Set Reduces Perioperative Opioid Use after Liver Transplantation","authors":"Kimhouy Tong, W. Nolan, D. O’Sullivan, P. Sheiner, Heather L. Kutzler","doi":"10.1002/phar.2322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/phar.2322","url":null,"abstract":"Nonopioid strategies to optimize pain management in patients after liver transplantation remain underexplored. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether the use of a multimodal pain management (MPM) order set would reduce postoperative opioid use in adult patients after liver transplantation.","PeriodicalId":19812,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacotherapy: The Journal of Human Pharmacology and Drug Therapy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85896399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Importance of Initial Complete Parenteral Iron Repletion on Hemoglobin Level Normalization and Health Care Resource Utilization: A Retrospective Analysis","authors":"C. LaVallee, P. Cronin, I. Bansal, W. Kwong, R. Boccia","doi":"10.1002/phar.2319","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/phar.2319","url":null,"abstract":"Iron deficiency anemia is the most common form of anemia, and parenteral iron therapy is necessary in select patients. The objective of this analysis was to assess the impact of initial complete parenteral iron repletion on serum hemoglobin (Hgb) level normalization and on health care resource utilization in real‐world practice.","PeriodicalId":19812,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacotherapy: The Journal of Human Pharmacology and Drug Therapy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76102540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and Safety of the Use of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Pharmacotherapy in Patients with Pulmonary Hypertension Secondary to Left Heart Disease: A Systematic Review","authors":"K. Kido, James C. Coons","doi":"10.1002/phar.2314","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/phar.2314","url":null,"abstract":"Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is often caused by left heart disease (LHD) such as heart failure (HF) or valvular heart disease. Historically, few randomized controlled trials have evaluated the off‐label use of medications for treating pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) in patients with PH‐LHD. However, multiple randomized controlled trials have been published over the last decade that investigated their use in patients with PH‐LHD. In addition, recent updates in the classification and definitions of PH have led to an improved recognition of PH‐LHD phenotypes, notably combined post‐capillary and pre‐capillary PH and isolated post‐capillary PH. In this systematic review, we show that PAH medications should not be recommended in two distinct HF populations: patients with HF without definitive PH diagnosis and patients with isolated post‐capillary PH due to HF. In addition, the use of bosentan or macitentan is not recommended in patients with combined post‐capillary and pre‐capillary PH due to HF, but sildenafil may be considered to improve pulmonary hemodynamics and exercise capacity in patients with combined post‐capillary and pre‐capillary PH due to HF. Riociguat 2 mg 3 times daily may also be considered to improve pulmonary hemodynamics in patients with combined post‐capillary and pre‐capillary PH due to heart failure with reduced ejection fraction but not heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. The postoperative use of sildenafil in the setting of PH after valvular heart disease intervention was evaluated. Limited clinical data and safety concern warrants caution with the postoperative use of sildenafil in patients with PH due to valvular heart disease. Despite recent advances in the understanding of PAH medications for patients with PH‐LHD, uncertainty remains about their utility in distinct subgroups. Nonetheless, PAH pharmacotherapy should generally be avoided for most patients with PH‐LHD.","PeriodicalId":19812,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacotherapy: The Journal of Human Pharmacology and Drug Therapy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82942720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Medication‐Induced Hyperlactatemia and Lactic Acidosis: A Systematic Review of the Literature","authors":"Zachary R. Smith, Michelle Horng, M. Rech","doi":"10.1002/phar.2316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/phar.2316","url":null,"abstract":"Hyperlactatemia and lactic acidosis are two syndromes that are associated with morbidity and mortality. Medication‐induced hyperlactatemia and lactic acidosis are diagnoses of exclusion and have the potential to be overlooked. The purposes of this systematic review are to identify published reports of medication‐induced lactate level elevations to aid clinicians in diagnosing and comprehending the underlying mechanism of this rare adverse drug effect and to provide management strategies. The PubMed database was searched for case reports, case series, retrospective studies, and prospective studies describing cases of medication‐induced lactate level elevation, including lactic acidosis and hyperlactatemia, published between January 1950 and June 2017. A standardized search strategy was used, and the articles identified underwent two rounds of independent evaluation by two reviewers to assess for inclusion. Articles were included if they described at least one patient older than 12 years with hyperlactatemia or lactic acidosis caused by a medication with United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval and if alternative etiologies for an elevated lactate level were ruled out. Metformin and nucleoside/nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors were excluded since the pathophysiology and incidence of lactic acidosis have been well established for these agents. Overall, 1918 articles were identified, and 101 met inclusion criteria. A total of 286 patients experienced medication‐induced lactate level elevations, from which 59 unique medications were identified. The most commonly identified agents were epinephrine and albuterol. Medication‐induced lactate level elevation was classified as lactic acidosis (64.0%), hyperlactatemia (31.1%), or not specified (4.9%). The doses ingested included FDA‐labeled doses (86%), intentional overdoses (10.8%), or prescribed doses exceeding the FDA‐labeled dose (3.1%). Medications were continued without a change (40.8%), were permanently discontinued (34.4%), were continued with a dosage reduction (11.6%), or were initially withheld then resumed after lactate level normalized (2.9%); medication management for the remaining 10.0% was not reported. Forty‐six patients died (16%). Six deaths were attributed by treating clinicians to be secondary to medication‐induced lactic acidosis. Management strategies were heterogeneous, and treatment included supportive care, exogenous bicarbonate therapy, medication specific antidotes, and decontamination strategies. Unexplained lactate level elevations should prompt clinicians to assess for medication‐induced lactate level elevations. Pharmacists are members of the health care team that are well positioned to serve as experts in the diagnosis and management of medication‐induced lactate level elevations.","PeriodicalId":19812,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacotherapy: The Journal of Human Pharmacology and Drug Therapy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80556363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}