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Journal of Russian and East European Psychology最新文献

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The Historical Evolution of Mnemonic Processes 记忆过程的历史演变
Journal of Russian and East European Psychology Pub Date : 1998-05-01 DOI: 10.2753/RPO1061-0405360360
E. Ivanova, E. A. Nevoennaia
{"title":"The Historical Evolution of Mnemonic Processes","authors":"E. Ivanova, E. A. Nevoennaia","doi":"10.2753/RPO1061-0405360360","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2753/RPO1061-0405360360","url":null,"abstract":"The problem of the historical nature of human mental processes is one of the most important among those areas of psychology that have evolved within the mainstream of cultural-historical psychology. The question of the historical development of mental processes interested Vygotsky [2,3], A.R. Luria [3,7], and others. At the present time A.G. Asmolov is the principal researcher exploring a historical approach to personality development [1].","PeriodicalId":198083,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Russian and East European Psychology","volume":"29 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126987988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
The Forms of Existence of Meaning 意义存在的形式
Journal of Russian and East European Psychology Pub Date : 1998-03-01 DOI: 10.2753/RPO1061-0405360228
A. Leont'ev
{"title":"The Forms of Existence of Meaning","authors":"A. Leont'ev","doi":"10.2753/RPO1061-0405360228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2753/RPO1061-0405360228","url":null,"abstract":"In any science there are two kinds of concepts. Some of them are categories and are of a general scientific, sometimes even a philosophical, nature and function only in part as an aspect of the particular science. In other words, this science cannot itself lay claim to any comprehensive exploration of the essence of the particular category. Examples of such scientific concepts are \"activity\" in psychology and \"system\" or \"development\" in linguistics. They are among the strictly psychological or strictly linguistic concepts and acquire pertinent interpretations at specific psychological or specific linguistic levels of material that are inherent in the particular science.","PeriodicalId":198083,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Russian and East European Psychology","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134481351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Personality as a Historico-Ethnic Category 作为历史-民族范畴的人格
Journal of Russian and East European Psychology Pub Date : 1998-03-01 DOI: 10.2753/RPO1061-0405360213
A. Leont'ev
{"title":"Personality as a Historico-Ethnic Category","authors":"A. Leont'ev","doi":"10.2753/RPO1061-0405360213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2753/RPO1061-0405360213","url":null,"abstract":"Though there are any number of theories of personality in Soviet psychology, common to all is the idea of the social origin of the personality—in general, the postulate that such indivisible mental structures as the personality or consciousness are socially determined. This idea, which was clearly formulated in philosophical terms by Marx in his Theses on Feuerbach, namely, the sixth thesis: the human essence is \"an ensemble of all social relations,\"1 admits, however, of quite disparate psychological interpretations in the strict sense.","PeriodicalId":198083,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Russian and East European Psychology","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124037414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Psychological Premises of Early Acquisition of a Foreign Language 早期外语习得的心理前提
Journal of Russian and East European Psychology Pub Date : 1998-03-01 DOI: 10.2753/RPO1061-0405360248
A. Leont'ev
{"title":"The Psychological Premises of Early Acquisition of a Foreign Language","authors":"A. Leont'ev","doi":"10.2753/RPO1061-0405360248","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2753/RPO1061-0405360248","url":null,"abstract":"The Soviet school is currently undergoing a process of fundamental restructuring. The gradual transition to the schooling of children from age six not only shifts the existing psychological, pedagogical, and methodological problems one year ahead: it creates a completely different situation. The search for optimal ways to overcome the difficulties arising in this new situation must take place principally in the domain of developmental and educational psychology.","PeriodicalId":198083,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Russian and East European Psychology","volume":"107 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126671019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Reading as Understanding 阅读即理解
Journal of Russian and East European Psychology Pub Date : 1998-03-01 DOI: 10.2753/RPO1061-0405360263
A. Leont'ev
{"title":"Reading as Understanding","authors":"A. Leont'ev","doi":"10.2753/RPO1061-0405360263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2753/RPO1061-0405360263","url":null,"abstract":"It is no secret that today's school teaches the basic technique of reading, but has proven incapable of teaching reading in the proper sense, i.e., the perception of sense, an adequate understanding of the substantive aspect of an integral text. And when, for example, the former schoolchild begins college and is forced to process a huge volume of professional and social literature, he is simply not ready for this. But the most important point is that we do not cultivate the need for reading either in the school or in higher education. M.S. Gordon gathered data—true, 20 years ago—from which it was clear that in the month preceding his study, about 56% of the respondents had read some books. This included 10% who had read four or more books. Among persons with a higher education, this figure even reached 80%. I am afraid that in the past 20 years, the situation has changed for the worse. We were always proud that our people constituted the public that read the most in the world; but we now read in the press...","PeriodicalId":198083,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Russian and East European Psychology","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127714925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Concept of Positivity in Family Therapy and the Task of Psychological Assistance to the Contemporary Russian Family 家庭治疗中的积极性概念与当代俄罗斯家庭的心理援助任务
Journal of Russian and East European Psychology Pub Date : 1997-11-01 DOI: 10.2753/RPO1061-0405350673
A. Shapiro
{"title":"The Concept of Positivity in Family Therapy and the Task of Psychological Assistance to the Contemporary Russian Family","authors":"A. Shapiro","doi":"10.2753/RPO1061-0405350673","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2753/RPO1061-0405350673","url":null,"abstract":"From a sociological standpoint, the family is the most important element of society: a healthy family properly performing all its functions—cultural, emotional, and socioeconomic—is necessary for a healthy society. In psychological terms the family may be defined as a system of interpersonal interactions whose purpose, generally speaking, is, on the one hand, to protect the individual from the manipulative influences of society and, on the other, to adapt the individual to life in that society and provide the means for functioning normally within it. All the stages of a person's life, all the most acute existential problems of mankind, are represented, in one form or another, in family psychology, if only because the family is the most important element of the \"social situation of each human individual's development\" (Vygotsky); yet the personal and the social are present in it in a complex and contradictory relationship. Interactions among family members on the one hand further the incorporation of socie...","PeriodicalId":198083,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Russian and East European Psychology","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124845081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Defense Mechanisms and Their Patterns of Variation in Adolescence 青春期防御机制及其变异模式
Journal of Russian and East European Psychology Pub Date : 1997-11-01 DOI: 10.2753/RPO1061-040535065
R. A. Turevskaia
{"title":"Defense Mechanisms and Their Patterns of Variation in Adolescence","authors":"R. A. Turevskaia","doi":"10.2753/RPO1061-040535065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2753/RPO1061-040535065","url":null,"abstract":"An experimental study of defense mechanisms encounters a number of difficulties both in defining the phenomena and in the attempt to diagnose them. Psychoanalysis (Sjoback, 1973) is the principal context in which they are studied, but even in psychoanalytic theory there are different interpretations of both the concept of defense mechanisms and their specific expressions or varieties (Brenner, 1974, 1975). Moreover, the variance in their interpretation increases as notions of defense mechanisms evolve. For example, Vaillant (1971, 1976) provides a broad conception of defense mechanisms that includes quite complex types of activity, such as those that determine a person's social adaptation and lifestyle. At the other end of the scale, we have a narrow definition of defense mechanisms as intrapsychic phenomena directly responsible for the regulation of emotions of just one specific modality (Plutchik, Kellerman, & Conte, 1979; Kellerman, 1980). This poses the problem of how to conceptualize the processes de...","PeriodicalId":198083,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Russian and East European Psychology","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123309828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Integration of Cognitive and Psychodynamic Approaches in the Psychotherapy of Somatoform Disorders 认知与心理动力学方法在躯体形式障碍心理治疗中的整合
Journal of Russian and East European Psychology Pub Date : 1997-11-01 DOI: 10.2753/RPO1061-0405350629
A. Kholmogorova, N. Garanian
{"title":"Integration of Cognitive and Psychodynamic Approaches in the Psychotherapy of Somatoform Disorders","authors":"A. Kholmogorova, N. Garanian","doi":"10.2753/RPO1061-0405350629","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2753/RPO1061-0405350629","url":null,"abstract":"From its very beginning (Duhrssen, 1985), many methodologists have regarded the cognitive branch of behavioral psychotherapy as a \"bridge to psychoanalysis.\" The first postulates of cognitive psychotherapy were formulated, and then developed, as an integral current by the dissidents from psychoanalysis A. Ellis and A. Beck. The cognitive approach fertilized behaviorism and helped to overcome its crisis of ideas. The result was vigorous development of diverse cognitive-behavioral psychotherapeutic approaches (of which there were from 11 to as many as 17, depending on which classification is used [Mahoney, 1974; Mahoney & Arnkoff, 1978]). Rejected by psychoanalysis, the cognitive school went on to develop within the context of behaviorism, and is today striving for recognition as an independent area of specialization (Perris, 1988). The general trend is toward its ever greater integration into psychodynamic approaches (Dobson, 1988; Mahoney, 1988), though it retains its cognitive model of mental disorders a...","PeriodicalId":198083,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Russian and East European Psychology","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127323973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Psychodrama and Psychoanalysis: Two Theaters for Mental Drama 心理剧和精神分析:心理剧的两个剧场
Journal of Russian and East European Psychology Pub Date : 1997-11-01 DOI: 10.2753/RPO1061-0405350655
I. Kadyrov
{"title":"Psychodrama and Psychoanalysis: Two Theaters for Mental Drama","authors":"I. Kadyrov","doi":"10.2753/RPO1061-0405350655","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2753/RPO1061-0405350655","url":null,"abstract":"A comparison of certain aspects of psychoanalysis and psychodrama shows that although there are indeed a number of radical differences between these traditions, they do have a certain similarity in content (i.e., not merely at the formal, organizational level). Since the days of Freud, psychoanalysis (and psychoanalytic theory) has acquired a distinctly \"psychodramatic\" dimension. And psychodrama, since the time of Moreno, has acquired marked \"psychoanalytic\" qualities. These two \"therapeutic theaters\" represent not only contiguous but also mutually penetrating traditions.","PeriodicalId":198083,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Russian and East European Psychology","volume":"72 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114671365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
The Neuropsychology of Old Age: Concepts and Applied Aspects 老年神经心理学:概念和应用方面
Journal of Russian and East European Psychology Pub Date : 1997-09-01 DOI: 10.2753/RPO1061-0405350535
N. Korsakova
{"title":"The Neuropsychology of Old Age: Concepts and Applied Aspects","authors":"N. Korsakova","doi":"10.2753/RPO1061-0405350535","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2753/RPO1061-0405350535","url":null,"abstract":"Neuropsychology entered a new phase of development in the early '70s when it expanded beyond the bounds of local brain pathology in the narrow sense. Even while A.R. Luria was still alive, quite diffuse cerebrovascular disorders, parkinsonism, head injury, inflammatory processes, etc., came to be used as clinical models for study of the cerebral substrates of higher mental functions. The neuropsychological method has by now demonstrated its extraordinary sensitivity in terms of assessment of the distinctive features of mental activity—not just in functional disorders in specific cerebral zones but also in various abnormal changes in the functional state of the brain secondary to extensive brain damage. During that same period, developmental neuropsychology also evolved, on the basis of research on the genesis of cerebral morphofunctional organs of mental activity in childhood.","PeriodicalId":198083,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Russian and East European Psychology","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125698423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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