{"title":"Colostomy-site carcinoma with primitive phenotype in a rectal cancer patient after achieving pathological complete response with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy.","authors":"Takayuki Kodama, Maki Kanzawa, Hiroshi Hasegawa, Shuichi Tsukamoto, Mari Nishio, Manabu Shigeoka, Yu-Ichiro Koma, Tomoo Itoh, Hiroshi Yokozaki","doi":"10.1111/pin.13396","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pin.13396","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Herein, we report a rare case of a carcinoma with primitive phenotype (enteroblastic and/or hepatoid differentiation) occurring at a colostomy site. The patient was an elderly male who underwent neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy for rectal cancer, followed by abdominoperineal resection. A biopsy specimen for the rectal carcinoma before neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy was conventional tubular adenocarcinoma. Moreover, a pathological complete response was confirmed in the proctectomy specimen. However, a colostomy-site tumor appeared 6 months after the proctectomy, and it was resected 1 year after the initial proctectomy. The colostomy-site tumor comprised solid to focal glandular growth of atypical polygonal cells with clear to pale eosinophilic cytoplasm and was immunohistochemically positive for cytokeratin, spalt-like transcription factor 4, glypican-3, caudal type homeobox 2, and special AT-rich sequence-binding protein 2. Thus, the tumor was diagnosed as poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma with primitive phenotype, with suggested origin from the colorectal epithelium. Additionally, a multilocular cystic lesion comprising various types of epithelia was found adjacent to the tumor, suggestive of metaplasia or heterotopia. Changes in the histology and immunophenotype, and the findings of an adjacent cystic lesion suggest a metachronous tumor rather than a recurrence of the primary tumor.</p>","PeriodicalId":19806,"journal":{"name":"Pathology International","volume":" ","pages":"33-38"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138830901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
João Lobo, Paula Lopes, Rui Henrique, Ângelo Rodrigues
{"title":"The enigmatic occurrence of Pacinian corpuscles in the prostate gland: Report of a case with pericorpuscular and intracorpuscular growth of prostatic acinar adenocarcinoma.","authors":"João Lobo, Paula Lopes, Rui Henrique, Ângelo Rodrigues","doi":"10.1111/pin.13392","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pin.13392","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19806,"journal":{"name":"Pathology International","volume":" ","pages":"48-50"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138482818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The CAP: Your resource for artificial intelligence information.","authors":"Emily E Volk","doi":"10.1111/pin.13390","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pin.13390","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Artificial intelligence (AI) has become increasingly studied and implemented in some pathology departments; but how might AI models help change medicine? While technology leaders are calling for a pause on developing AI systems until there is greater confidence \"that their effects will be positive and their risks will be manageable,\" (Pause Giant AI Experiments: An Open Letter. March 22, 2023. https://futureoflife.org/open-letter/pause-giant-ai-experiments/) could breakthrough innovations in AI make medicine and physicians better? (There's One Hard Question My Fellow Doctors and I Will Need to Answer Soon. July 6, 2023. https://www.nytimes.com/2023/07/06/opinion/artificial-intelligence-medicine-healthcare.html) This discussion will provide an overview of AI, its current role in pathology practice, what pathologists need to know, and what the College of American Pathologists is doing for pathologists in this area.</p>","PeriodicalId":19806,"journal":{"name":"Pathology International","volume":" ","pages":"45-47"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138461507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Prevalence and diagnostic significance of non-invasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features in Japan-A multi-institutional study.","authors":"Mitsuyoshi Hirokawa, Masahiro Ito, Noriko Motoi, Tomohiro Chiba, Yoshiaki Imamura, Hironao Yasuoka, Rumi Hino, Miyoko Higuchi, Akira Miyauchi, Takashi Akamizu","doi":"10.1111/pin.13393","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pin.13393","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This multi-institutional study investigated non-invasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features (NIFTP) frequency and its diagnostic significance in Japan. We reviewed 4008 thyroid nodules resected in six institutions before NIFTP was proposed. Overall, 26 cases diagnosed as non-invasive encapsulated follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and 145 cases of follicular thyroid adenoma (FTA) were included. Of these nodules, 80.8% and 31.0%, respectively, were NIFTPs. In five institutions, NIFTPs were more commonly found in FTA than in PTC nodules. When NIFTP was included with PTC, the overall prevalence was 2.3%, with rates in five institutions below 5.0% (0.8%-4.4%). One NIFTP case with nuclear score 3 revealed nodal metastasis 2.5 years post-resection, and the carcinoma cells were immunohistochemically positive for BRAF. FTAs or NIFTPs with nuclear score 2 did not metastasize. NIFTP was more common among FTA than among PTC nodules, possibly due to underdiagnosis of PTC on nuclear findings. Considering the clinical findings, molecular pathogenesis, and therapeutic strategy in Japan, NIFTP with nuclear score 2 is not different from FTA, and use of this entity terminology is not meaningful. In contrast, NIFTP with nuclear score 3 has potential for metastasis and BRAF<sup>V600E</sup> mutation. Therefore, in NIFTP cases, nuclear scores 2 and 3 should be separately reported.</p>","PeriodicalId":19806,"journal":{"name":"Pathology International","volume":" ","pages":"26-32"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11551832/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138482796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nei Fukasawa, Miku Maeda, Yoshifumi Sugiyama, Takahiro Fukuda, Masayuki Shimoda
{"title":"Distribution of proteinase K-resistant anti-α-synuclein immunoreactive axons in the cardiac plexus is unbiased to the left ventricular anterior wall.","authors":"Nei Fukasawa, Miku Maeda, Yoshifumi Sugiyama, Takahiro Fukuda, Masayuki Shimoda","doi":"10.1111/pin.13389","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pin.13389","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lewy body disease (LBD) is characterized by the appearance of Lewy neurites and Lewy bodies, which are predominantly composed of α-synuclein. Notably, the cardiac plexus (CP) is one of the main targets of LBD research. Although previous studies have reported obvious differences in the frequency of Lewy body pathology (LBP) in the CP, none of them have confirmed whether LBP preferably appears in any part of the CP. Thus, we aimed to clarify the emergence and/or propagation of LBP in the CP. In this study, 263 consecutive autopsy cases of patients aged ≥50 years were included, with one region per case selected from three myocardial perfusion areas (MPAs) and subjected to proteinase K and then immunohistochemically stained with anti-α-synuclein antibodies to assess LBP. We stained all three MPAs in 17 cases with low-density LBP and observed the actual distribution of LBP. LBP were identified in the CP in 20.2% (53/263) of patients. Moreover, we found that LBP may appear in only one region of MPAs, mainly in the young-old group (35.3% (6/17) of patients). These findings suggest that it is possible to underestimate LBP in the CP, especially in the young-old group, by restricting the search to only one of the three MPAs.</p>","PeriodicalId":19806,"journal":{"name":"Pathology International","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11551827/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138461506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aina Yamaguchi, Masayoshi Tasaki, Mitsuharu Ueda, Yukio Ando, Hironobu Naiki
{"title":"Epidemiological study of the subtype frequency of systemic amyloidosis listed in the Annual of the Pathological Autopsy Cases in Japan","authors":"Aina Yamaguchi, Masayoshi Tasaki, Mitsuharu Ueda, Yukio Ando, Hironobu Naiki","doi":"10.1111/pin.13395","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pin.13395","url":null,"abstract":"Clinical presentation of systemic amyloidosis differs among subtypes, and accurate subtype classification is important for choosing the treatment. Amyloid transthyretin (ATTR) amyloidosis was the predominant among the recently consulted amyloidosis cases in Japan. To reveal the latest subtype frequency of systemic amyloidosis among autopsy cases in Japan. We analyzed systemic amyloidosis cases autopsied from January 2017 to December 2018, that were listed in the Annuals of the Pathological Autopsy Cases in Japan, Volumes 60 and 61. When the subtype was unclear, we performed a questionnaire survey, immunohistochemistry with in-house rabbit polyclonal anti-κ<sub>116</sub><sub>–</sub><sub>133</sub>, anti-λ<sub>118</sub><sub>–134</sub>, and anti-transthyretin<sub>115</sub><sub>–124</sub> antibodies, and proteomic analysis. Out of 481 systemic amyloidosis cases listed in the Annuals, 411 cases were available for analysis (85.4%). We classified 399 of these systemic amyloidosis cases. ATTR was the most common subtype (44.4%, <i>n</i> = 177), followed by amyloid immunoglobulin light chain (AL) (38.8%, <i>n</i> = 155). Amyloid A and amyloid β<sub>2</sub>-microglobulin were 9.3% (<i>n</i> = 37) and 6.0% (<i>n</i> = 24), respectively. Double deposition of amyloid was identified in 1.6% (<i>n</i> = 6). In 168 cases (42.1%), systemic amyloidosis was the main cause of death. Of these cases, AL was the most common subtype (47.6%, <i>n</i> = 80), followed by ATTR (41.1%, <i>n</i> = 69). ATTR is the most predominant subtype among the current autopsy cases in Japan.","PeriodicalId":19806,"journal":{"name":"Pathology International","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138631938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Endometrial gastric-type mucinous carcinoma: A clinicopathological study of an unfavorable histological type of endometrial carcinoma.","authors":"Fumi Kawakami, Ken Yamaguchi, Sachiko Minamiguchi, Tamotsu Sudo, Takanori Hirose, Norihiro Teramoto, Yoshiki Mikami","doi":"10.1111/pin.13376","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pin.13376","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19806,"journal":{"name":"Pathology International","volume":" ","pages":"609-611"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10163324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Pulmonary interstitial glycogenosis in Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome-associated lung cysts: A new insight into the pathogenesis?","authors":"Riken Kawachi, Yukio Nakatani, Mitsuko Furuya, Naoya Nakamura, Yusuke Kondo, Yoji Nagashima, Tomohiro Nakayama, Masahiro Okada, Hiroyuki Sakurai, Shinobu Masuda","doi":"10.1111/pin.13383","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pin.13383","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Multiple lung cysts are one of the major features of Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome (BHD), but little is known about their nature and pathogenesis. We report a case of a woman diagnosed with BHD lung cysts who exhibited pulmonary interstitial glycogenosis (PIG), a mesenchymal abnormality hitherto undescribed in this disease, in specimens resected at 14 and 29 years of age. Histopathologically, oval to spindle clear cells were seen in the subepithelial interstitial tissue of septal structures and the walls of the cysts. They had abundant periodic acid-Schiff-positive cytoplasmic glycogen. Immunohistochemically, these cells were positive for a few markers of mesenchymal stem cell-like lineage, including vimentin, CD44, and CD10, and negative for markers of epithelial or specific mesenchymal differentiation; these results were consistent with the reported immunophenotype of PIG cells. These PIG cells were more abundant in her specimen at age 14 years than in the second specimen from adulthood. The present case suggests that BHD lung cysts belong to a group of pulmonary developmental disorders characterized by combined PIG and alveolar simplification/cystic change. Disorders with PIG may persist until adulthood and may be of clinical and pathological significance.</p>","PeriodicalId":19806,"journal":{"name":"Pathology International","volume":" ","pages":"601-608"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41208419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}