{"title":"What is the role of membrane-located epithelial cell transforming sequence 2 at the interphase of lung adenocarcinoma cells?","authors":"Yoshihiko Murata, Ai Yoshida, Yuko Minami, Zeinab Kosibaty, Daisuke Matsubara, Masayuki Noguchi","doi":"10.1111/pin.13397","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pin.13397","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19806,"journal":{"name":"Pathology International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138801380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aina Yamaguchi, Masayoshi Tasaki, Mitsuharu Ueda, Yukio Ando, Hironobu Naiki
{"title":"Epidemiological study of the subtype frequency of systemic amyloidosis listed in the Annual of the Pathological Autopsy Cases in Japan","authors":"Aina Yamaguchi, Masayoshi Tasaki, Mitsuharu Ueda, Yukio Ando, Hironobu Naiki","doi":"10.1111/pin.13395","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pin.13395","url":null,"abstract":"Clinical presentation of systemic amyloidosis differs among subtypes, and accurate subtype classification is important for choosing the treatment. Amyloid transthyretin (ATTR) amyloidosis was the predominant among the recently consulted amyloidosis cases in Japan. To reveal the latest subtype frequency of systemic amyloidosis among autopsy cases in Japan. We analyzed systemic amyloidosis cases autopsied from January 2017 to December 2018, that were listed in the Annuals of the Pathological Autopsy Cases in Japan, Volumes 60 and 61. When the subtype was unclear, we performed a questionnaire survey, immunohistochemistry with in-house rabbit polyclonal anti-κ<sub>116</sub><sub>–</sub><sub>133</sub>, anti-λ<sub>118</sub><sub>–134</sub>, and anti-transthyretin<sub>115</sub><sub>–124</sub> antibodies, and proteomic analysis. Out of 481 systemic amyloidosis cases listed in the Annuals, 411 cases were available for analysis (85.4%). We classified 399 of these systemic amyloidosis cases. ATTR was the most common subtype (44.4%, <i>n</i> = 177), followed by amyloid immunoglobulin light chain (AL) (38.8%, <i>n</i> = 155). Amyloid A and amyloid β<sub>2</sub>-microglobulin were 9.3% (<i>n</i> = 37) and 6.0% (<i>n</i> = 24), respectively. Double deposition of amyloid was identified in 1.6% (<i>n</i> = 6). In 168 cases (42.1%), systemic amyloidosis was the main cause of death. Of these cases, AL was the most common subtype (47.6%, <i>n</i> = 80), followed by ATTR (41.1%, <i>n</i> = 69). ATTR is the most predominant subtype among the current autopsy cases in Japan.","PeriodicalId":19806,"journal":{"name":"Pathology International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138631938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Endometrial gastric-type mucinous carcinoma: A clinicopathological study of an unfavorable histological type of endometrial carcinoma.","authors":"Fumi Kawakami, Ken Yamaguchi, Sachiko Minamiguchi, Tamotsu Sudo, Takanori Hirose, Norihiro Teramoto, Yoshiki Mikami","doi":"10.1111/pin.13376","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pin.13376","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19806,"journal":{"name":"Pathology International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10163324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Pulmonary interstitial glycogenosis in Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome-associated lung cysts: A new insight into the pathogenesis?","authors":"Riken Kawachi, Yukio Nakatani, Mitsuko Furuya, Naoya Nakamura, Yusuke Kondo, Yoji Nagashima, Tomohiro Nakayama, Masahiro Okada, Hiroyuki Sakurai, Shinobu Masuda","doi":"10.1111/pin.13383","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pin.13383","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Multiple lung cysts are one of the major features of Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome (BHD), but little is known about their nature and pathogenesis. We report a case of a woman diagnosed with BHD lung cysts who exhibited pulmonary interstitial glycogenosis (PIG), a mesenchymal abnormality hitherto undescribed in this disease, in specimens resected at 14 and 29 years of age. Histopathologically, oval to spindle clear cells were seen in the subepithelial interstitial tissue of septal structures and the walls of the cysts. They had abundant periodic acid-Schiff-positive cytoplasmic glycogen. Immunohistochemically, these cells were positive for a few markers of mesenchymal stem cell-like lineage, including vimentin, CD44, and CD10, and negative for markers of epithelial or specific mesenchymal differentiation; these results were consistent with the reported immunophenotype of PIG cells. These PIG cells were more abundant in her specimen at age 14 years than in the second specimen from adulthood. The present case suggests that BHD lung cysts belong to a group of pulmonary developmental disorders characterized by combined PIG and alveolar simplification/cystic change. Disorders with PIG may persist until adulthood and may be of clinical and pathological significance.</p>","PeriodicalId":19806,"journal":{"name":"Pathology International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41208419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mechanisms underlying retardation of aging by dietary energy restriction.","authors":"Isao Shimokawa","doi":"10.1111/pin.13387","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pin.13387","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Moderate restriction of dietary energy intake, referred to here as dietary restriction (DR), delays aging and extends lifespan in experimental animals compared with a diet of ad libitum feeding (AL) control animals. Basic knowledge of the mechanisms underlying the effects of DR could be applicable to extending the healthspan in humans. This review highlights the importance of forkhead box O (FoxO) transcription factors downstream of the growth hormone-insulin-like growth factor 1 signaling in the effects of DR. Our lifespan studies in mice with heterozygous Foxo1 or Foxo3 gene knockout indicated differential roles of FoxO1 and FoxO3 in the tumor-inhibiting and life-extending effects of DR. Subsequent studies suggested a critical role of FoxO3 in metabolic and mitochondrial bioenergetic adaptation to DR. Our studies also verified hypothalamic neuropeptide Y (Npy) as a vital neuropeptide showing pleiotropic and sexually dimorphic effects for extending the healthspan in the context of nutritional availability. Npy was necessary for DR to exert its effects in male and female mice; meanwhile, under AL conditions, the loss of Npy prevented obesity and insulin resistance only in female mice. Overnutrition disrupts FoxO- and Npy-associated metabolic and mitochondrial bioenergetic adaptive processes, causing the acceleration of aging and related diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":19806,"journal":{"name":"Pathology International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136398604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Influence of formalin fixation duration on RNA quality and quantity from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded hepatocellular carcinoma tissues.","authors":"Kenji Amemiya, Yosuke Hirotsu, Yuki Nagakubo, Hitoshi Mochizuki, Toshio Oyama, Masao Omata","doi":"10.1111/pin.13385","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pin.13385","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Analyzing RNA samples from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues is essential for precision medicine. We investigated RNA quantity and quality from FFPE tumor tissues fixed in formalin for various times and compared sequencing metrics from next-generation sequencing (NGS). Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissues were fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin (1-240 h) and FFPE blocks were prepared. Total RNA was extracted, and the quantity and quality were assessed using the NanoDrop, Qubit and Bioanalyzer. After preparing sequencing libraries, NGS was performed on the Oncomine Dx Multi-CDx system. Total RNA yields of all samples met the threshold required for NGS, but longer fixation times resulted in decreased total RNA and long RNA fragment (>200 nt) yields. NGS analysis showed fewer sequencing reads of internal control genes from RNA with longer fixation times. RNA extracted from FFPE blocks stored for 500 days had reduced RNA yield and quality compared with RNA obtained from FFPE blocks prepared immediately. In conclusion, short and over-fixation should be avoided because of their negative impact on sequencing quality. Fixation process should be finished promptly within recommended guidelines (6-72 h) for cancer patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":19806,"journal":{"name":"Pathology International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71484698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Exploring the pitfalls of large language models: Inconsistency and inaccuracy in answering pathology board examination-style questions.","authors":"Shunsuke Koga","doi":"10.1111/pin.13382","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pin.13382","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19806,"journal":{"name":"Pathology International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41208418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}