Pesticidi I Fitomedicina最新文献_第7页

Conventional and real-time pcr assays for detection and identification of rhizoctonia solani AG-2-2, the causal agent of root rot of sugar beet 甜菜根腐病病原茄核菌AG-2-2的常规和实时pcr检测与鉴定

Pesticidi I Fitomedicina Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/PIF1901019V

M. Vojvodić, D. Lazić, P. Mitrović, B. Tanović, I. Vico, A. Bulajić

{"title":"Conventional and real-time pcr assays for detection and identification of rhizoctonia solani AG-2-2, the causal agent of root rot of sugar beet","authors":"M. Vojvodić, D. Lazić, P. Mitrović, B. Tanović, I. Vico, A. Bulajić","doi":"10.2298/PIF1901019V","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/PIF1901019V","url":null,"abstract":"Soil-borne fungi belonging to the genus Rhizoctonia are considered to be among the most destructive sugar beet pathogens. Although multinucleate R. solani AG-2-2 is frequently detected as the main causal agent of root rot of sugar beet worldwide, several binucleate (AG-A, AG-E and AG-K) and multinucleate Rhizoctonia (R. solani AG-4, AG-5 and AG-8) have also been included in the disease complex. Due to their soil-borne nature and wide host range, the management of Rhizoctonia root rot of sugar beet is highly demanding. Identification of Rhizoctonia AG associated with root rot of sugar beet is the essential first step in determining a successful disease management strategy. In this paper we report a highly specific and sensitive real-time PCR protocol for detection of R. solani AG-2-2 which showed a high level of specificity after testing against 10 different anastomosis groups and subgroups, including AG-2-1 as the most closely related. Moreover, a similar conventional PCR assay showed the same specificity but proved to be at least a 100 times less sensitive. Future research will include further testing and adaptation of this protocol for direct detection and quantification of R. solani AG-2-2 in different substrates, including plant tissue and soil samples.","PeriodicalId":19801,"journal":{"name":"Pesticidi I Fitomedicina","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68624126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Efficacy of copper citrate in grapevine disease control 柠檬酸铜防治葡萄病害的效果

Pesticidi I Fitomedicina Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/pif1902103a

G. Aleksić, Z. Milicevic, S. Kuzmanović, M. Starović, M. Stevanovic, G. Delibašić, S. Zivkovic

引用次数: 1

Toxic and sublethal effects of buprofezin on the whitefly parasitoid Encarsia formosa Gahan 丁丙嗪对台湾白蝇的毒力及亚致死效应

Pesticidi I Fitomedicina Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/pif1904201d

Tanja Drobnjaković, D. Marčić, M. Prijovic, S. Milenković

{"title":"Toxic and sublethal effects of buprofezin on the whitefly parasitoid Encarsia formosa Gahan","authors":"Tanja Drobnjaković, D. Marčić, M. Prijovic, S. Milenković","doi":"10.2298/pif1904201d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/pif1904201d","url":null,"abstract":"Acute toxicity of a buprofezin-based product (commercial product Elisa 440 SC) to pupae of the whitefly parasitoid Encarsia formosa Gahan (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae), and its effects on life history traits and population growth in F1 generation of a commercial strain (?Dutch? strain, D) and two local populations from Serbia (Bujanovac, B; Negotin, N) were examined in laboratory bioassays. All trials were carried out at 27?1?C temperature and 60?10% relative humidity, and under 16/8 h daylight/darkness photoperiod in four replications. In an acute toxicity bioassay, tobacco leaves carrying parasitoid pupae (20 pupae per replicate) were treated with a series of buprofezin concentrations covering a 10-90% mortality range, and mortality was calculated based on the number of emerging adults 9 days after treatment. The following LC50 (mg/l) estimates were obtained: 244.2, 281.5 and 199.5 (for B, N and D, respectively). The product based on buprofezin, applied to parasitoid pupae at concentrations within the LC50s and 95% confidence limits (264 mg/l for B and N; 220 mg/l for D), significantly prolonged the duration of juvenile development (2, 1.7 and 2.2 days for B, N and D, respectively, compared to control data). Females from all tested populations that emerged from the treated pupae and were exposed to the residual action of buprofezin lived shorter than control females (B, N and D by 1.5, 0.7 and 1.7 days, respectively). Also, females that emerged from the treated pupae achieved a significantly reduced level of parasitism (B, N and D by 11.7, 17.7 and 17.6 %, respectively), total adult emergence (B, N and D by 11.6, 17.8 and 17.8 %, respectively) and instantaneous rate of increase (B, N and D by 8.2, 6.8 and 12.5 %, respectively), compared to control. More precise determination of risks involved in the use of buprofezin requires its more detailed field testing.","PeriodicalId":19801,"journal":{"name":"Pesticidi I Fitomedicina","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68625165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Bionomy of small spruce bud scale, Physokermes hemicryphus (Dalman) (Hemiptera: Coccidae) in Serbia 塞尔维亚小云杉芽鳞的生物学研究（半翅目：蚧科）

Pesticidi I Fitomedicina Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/pif1802089s

M. Simonović, M. Dervišević, D. Graora

{"title":"Bionomy of small spruce bud scale, Physokermes hemicryphus (Dalman) (Hemiptera: Coccidae) in Serbia","authors":"M. Simonović, M. Dervišević, D. Graora","doi":"10.2298/pif1802089s","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/pif1802089s","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARY Small spruce bud scale, Physokermes hemicryphus (Dalman) (Hemiptera: Coccidae), is a Holarctic, oligophagous species developing on plants of the genera Picea and Abies (Pinaceae). It is a serious pest of Picea abies in Serbia, which causes drying and falling of needles, branches and even drying of entire plants. A study of the bionomy of Ph. hemicryphus was carried out at five locations in Serbia in 2016 and 2017. Ph. hemicryphus was found to develop one generation annually and to overwinter as second-instar larvae on spruce branches. Adults emerge at the beginning of April and oviposition takes place at the beginning of May. Larvae hatch in the second half of May; during summer they feed on spruce needles and moult into second-instar larvae in September. Scale populations are controlled by a number of natural enemies. Five species of parasitoid wasps were reared: Coccophagus lycimnia (Walker) (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae), Metaphycus unicolor Hoffer, Microterys lunatus (Dalman), Pseudorhopus testaceus (Ratzeburg) (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) and Pachyneuron muscarum (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae), as well as five predatory species: Anthribus nebulosus Forster (Coleoptera: Anthribidae), Exochomus quadripustulatus L., Scymnus abietis Paykull, Harmonia axyridis Pallas (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) and Chrysoperla carnea (Stephens) (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae). The most efficient parasitoid of Ph. hemicryphus was P. testaceus , reducing scale populations up to 28.97%, while the most efficient predator was A. nebulosus with an efficacy of up to 51.72%.","PeriodicalId":19801,"journal":{"name":"Pesticidi I Fitomedicina","volume":"33 1","pages":"89-96"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68623365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Effects of 1-MCP and dynamic controlled atmosphere on apple fruit rot caused by Fusarium avenaceum 1-MCP和动态控制气氛对燕麦枯萎病苹果果实腐烂病的影响

Pesticidi I Fitomedicina Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/PIF1802109T

Jelena Tarlanović, M. Petreš, M. Grahovac, B. Milić, N. Magazin, J. Hrustić, M. Mihajlović

{"title":"Effects of 1-MCP and dynamic controlled atmosphere on apple fruit rot caused by Fusarium avenaceum","authors":"Jelena Tarlanović, M. Petreš, M. Grahovac, B. Milić, N. Magazin, J. Hrustić, M. Mihajlović","doi":"10.2298/PIF1802109T","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/PIF1802109T","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARY Fusarium species are increasingly detected as the causal agents of decay of stored apple fruits. Fusarium avenaceum is particularly significant due to its predominant occurrence among Fusarium species in stored apple fruits and its ability to produce mycotoxins. Treatments with 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) and different storage conditions affect the aggressiveness of F. avenaceum and development of fungal-caused decay in stored apple fruits. In this study, apple fruits (cv. ‘Granny Smith’) were treated with 1-MCP, and artificially inoculated with F. a venaceum . The isolate used for inoculation, originating from apple fruit, was identified based on morphological characteristics and by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using a species-specific primer pair (FA-ITSF and FA-ITSR) for F. avenaceum . After inoculation, treated and untreated fruits were stored at room temperature and cold-stored under dynamic controlled atmosphere (DCA). Diameters of necrotic lesions were measured after 7, 14 and 21 days of incubation on fruits stored at room temperature, while necrosis diameters on DCA-stored fruits were measured immediately at the end of storage period (143 days), and after 7, 14 and 21 days of additional incubation at room temperature. The results show that treatment with 1-MCP inhibits the development of F. avenaceum on apple fruits during storage under DCA. However, after storage, i.e. during incubation at room temperature, no significant difference between 1-MCP-treated and untreated fruits was observed. On fruits stored at room temperature only, no difference between 1-MCP-treated and untreated fruits was observed. However, 1-MCP-treated fruits stored at room temperature only developed significantly smaller necrosis lesions compared to 1-MCP-treated and DCA stored fruits. It infers that both 1-MCP treatment and DCA storage inhibit fungal decay caused by F. avenaceum on apple fruits. However, the effects do not persist after storage.","PeriodicalId":19801,"journal":{"name":"Pesticidi I Fitomedicina","volume":"33 1","pages":"109-117"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68623478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Phenology and suppression of stem weevils (Ceutorhynchus napi gyllenhal and Ceutorhynchus pallidactylus marsham) in oilseed rape in northern Serbia 塞尔维亚北部油菜茎秆象鼻虫物候特征及抑虫措施

Pesticidi I Fitomedicina Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/PIF1804213S

L. Sivčev, I. Sivčev, D. Graora, S. Pešić, V. Tomić, B. Dudić

{"title":"Phenology and suppression of stem weevils (Ceutorhynchus napi gyllenhal and Ceutorhynchus pallidactylus marsham) in oilseed rape in northern Serbia","authors":"L. Sivčev, I. Sivčev, D. Graora, S. Pešić, V. Tomić, B. Dudić","doi":"10.2298/PIF1804213S","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/PIF1804213S","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMaRY Stem weevils ( Ceutorhynchus pallidactylus and Ceutorhynchus napi ) are significant pests of oilseed rape that farmers regularly suppress by insecticide treatments intended against Brassicogethes aeneus . Recent studies have shown that in some regions of northern Serbia C. napi is dominant, while C. pallidactylus prevails in others . Increased damage from stem weevils has elicited an exploration of the situation and a study of their phenology and effects of insecticides in three differently managed fields: conventional, organic and integrated. New findings regarding the phenology of stem weevils show that both species were sporadically present in our experimental oilseed rape fields as early as during autumn (from the end of October 2010, BBCH 17-18). The main period of stem weevil settlement is the end of winter and early spring. Maximum flight of both weevil species was recorded on March 23 at the beginning of oilseed rape (OSR) stem elongation (BBCH 22-25), and one week later in the organic field. There were no significant differences in the number of settled weevils among the three differently managed fields . The insecticide treatment against C. napi was applied two weeks earlier than the usual treatment against B. aeneus and C. pallidactylus . Thus, it is clear that insecticide treatment directed against B. aeneus and C. pallidactylus is not effective against C. napi. In this way, such a practice can contribute to an increase in OSR damage, and density of the next generation of C. napi . A new generation of C. pallidactylus emerged from OSR fields in June 2011, while the majority of C. napi emerged in March of the following year.","PeriodicalId":19801,"journal":{"name":"Pesticidi I Fitomedicina","volume":"9 1","pages":"213-220"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68624219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Residual efficacy of Deltamethrin against Sitophilus oryzae (L.), Rhyzopertha dominica (F.), Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) and Sitotroga cerealella (Oliv.) in wheat grain 溴氰菊酯对稻瘟病菌、稻瘟病菌（Rhyzopertha dominica，F.）、谷谷草（Tribolium castaneum，Herbst）和蜡叶螟（Sitotroga cereaella，Oliv.）在小麦籽粒中的残留效果

Pesticidi I Fitomedicina Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/PIF1802127P

Marijana Pražič-Golić, P. Kljajić, G. Andrić, N. Tamaš, Stefan Prazic

{"title":"Residual efficacy of Deltamethrin against Sitophilus oryzae (L.), Rhyzopertha dominica (F.), Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) and Sitotroga cerealella (Oliv.) in wheat grain","authors":"Marijana Pražič-Golić, P. Kljajić, G. Andrić, N. Tamaš, Stefan Prazic","doi":"10.2298/PIF1802127P","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/PIF1802127P","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARY Residual efficacy of the insecticide deltamethrin, an EC formulation containing 25 g/L AI + 225 g/L PBO (piperonyl butoxide synergist), against lab populations of Sitophilus oryzae , Rhyzopertha dominica , Tribolium castaneum and Sitotroga cerealella was investigated in the laboratory by applying product water solutions (0.25 mg AI/kg) to wheat grain (at 25±1°C and 60±5% r.h.). Adult mortality on 0, 7, 14 and 30 days old deposits was estimated after 2, 7 and 14 days of exposure to treated wheat grain and additional 7 days of recovery. Progeny reduction (PR, %) was also assessed. After 2 days of exposure to deposits of all ages, deltamethrin caused only 0-10% mortality of coleopterans (up to 37% after the recovery period) and 23-30% of S. cerealella , while mortality before and after recovery from 14 days of exposure was 95-50% for S. oryzae , 97-100% for R. dominica , 99-100% for T. castaneum and 100% for S. cerealella . Progeny production of S. oryzae was highest after parents contacted with 14 days old deposit of deltamethrin (PR, 76%), and lowest after contact with fresh deposit (PR, 95%), while R. dominica and T. castaneum had no progeny on any deltamethrin deposit age in wheat (PR, 100%), and S. cerealella had only a very low progeny (PR, 99%). The results showed that the synergised deltamethrin, applied at 0.25 mg/kg in wheat grain, is a highly effective insecticide for stored-product insect control, while a higher dose is required for successful residual control of S. oryzae .","PeriodicalId":19801,"journal":{"name":"Pesticidi I Fitomedicina","volume":"33 1","pages":"127-135"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68623583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

Impact of Bacillus subtilis QST713 mushroom grain spawn treatment on yield and green mould control 枯草芽孢杆菌QST713菌种处理对产量及绿霉防治的影响

Pesticidi I Fitomedicina Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/PIF1804205P

I. Potocnik, B. Todorovic, E. Rekanović, J. Lukovic, D. Paunović, S. Milijasevic-Marcic

{"title":"Impact of Bacillus subtilis QST713 mushroom grain spawn treatment on yield and green mould control","authors":"I. Potocnik, B. Todorovic, E. Rekanović, J. Lukovic, D. Paunović, S. Milijasevic-Marcic","doi":"10.2298/PIF1804205P","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/PIF1804205P","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMaRY A biofungicide based on Bacillus subtilis QST713 was tested for impact on yield and efficacy against a Trichoderma aggressivum f. europaeum T77 strain from Serbia by coating mushroom grain spawn and comparing the results with the chemical fungicide prochloraz manganese in a mushroom growing room. The tested B. subtilis QST713 strain did not inhibit mycelial growth of Agaricus bisporus in plots free of the pathogen, showing an impact on yield of 91.95%, which was not significantly different from an untreated control. As for the efficacy of the fungicides used against T. aggressivum f. europaeum T77, there were no significant differences between a prochloraz manganese casing treatment, and B. subtilis QST713 coating on mushroom grain spawn, as the efficacy was 70.37 and 53.09%, respectively. These results implied that the biofungicide based on B. subtilis could serve as a harmless alternative to synthetic fungicides in mushroom production, especially during serious compost green muold outbreaks caused by T. aggressivum . Furthermore, the biofungicide should be applied alone because an antagonistic reaction was detected between the fungicide prochloraz and B. subtilis QST713.","PeriodicalId":19801,"journal":{"name":"Pesticidi I Fitomedicina","volume":"33 1","pages":"205-211"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68624205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

Comparative efficacy of mass trapping and attract-and-kill technique in the control of medfly (Ceratitis capitata, Wiedemann) in Central Moroccan peach orchards 大规模诱捕与诱杀技术在摩洛哥中部桃园防治头角蝇的效果比较

Pesticidi I Fitomedicina Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/PIF1801053A

Adil Asfers, A. Boutaleb, A. Boughdad, A. Blenzar, R. Lahlali, Aït Houssa Abdelhadi

{"title":"Comparative efficacy of mass trapping and attract-and-kill technique in the control of medfly (Ceratitis capitata, Wiedemann) in Central Moroccan peach orchards","authors":"Adil Asfers, A. Boutaleb, A. Boughdad, A. Blenzar, R. Lahlali, Aït Houssa Abdelhadi","doi":"10.2298/PIF1801053A","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/PIF1801053A","url":null,"abstract":"To develop eco-friendly alternative control strategies for medfly, mass trapping trials were conducted in the central Morocco during the crop season 2016. Two control methods, mass trapping and the attract-and-kill technique were compared for the control of medfly on two peach varieties ('Rome Star' and 'Ryan Sun') in Sefou district. For mass trapping, 62 traps/1.23 ha of MagnetTM Med type baited with ammonium acetate, trimethylamine, putrescine and 0.01 g of deltamethrin were installed on both varieties. In plots testing the attract-and-kill technique, treatments with malathion in mixture with protein hydrolyzate were applied to straw tuMs attached to branches of the same varieties whenever 1 fly was caught on a Trimedlure trap installed at the center of each plot. The results showed that the number of flies captured by mass trapping reached 508 and 489 adults on 'Rome Star' and 'Ryan Sun', respectively. The average number varied from 1 to 3 adults/trap/day, depending on the date of capture and the variety, and females accounted for 62-100% of total caught flies. In plots protected by the attract-and-kill technique, and taking into account the threshold adopted by the farm, 11 and 15 treatments were carried out respectively on the 'Ryan Sun' and 'Rome Star' varieties. Overall, infestation rates in plots did not exceed 0.3% before or at harvest with mass trapping versus 0.9% with the attract-and-kill technique. On fruit dropped on the ground, the infestation rate did not exceed 4% in mass trapping, compared to 11.5% in the chemically treated plots. Mass trapping was therefore proved to be an effective and eco-friendly tool for managing medfly on peach fruit.","PeriodicalId":19801,"journal":{"name":"Pesticidi I Fitomedicina","volume":"19 1","pages":"53-63"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68623354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Variation in allelopathic tolerance of vetch cultivars to Sorghum halepense L. (Pers.) extracts 野豌豆品种对高梁提取物化感耐受性的变化

Pesticidi I Fitomedicina Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/PIF1801065G

N. Georgieva, I. Nikolova, V. Kosev

{"title":"Variation in allelopathic tolerance of vetch cultivars to Sorghum halepense L. (Pers.) extracts","authors":"N. Georgieva, I. Nikolova, V. Kosev","doi":"10.2298/PIF1801065G","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/PIF1801065G","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARY Using allelopathic tolerance of crops and cultivars is considered a promising supplement to weed control strategies. In order to evaluate the allelopathic tolerance of vetch cultivars to Sorghum halepense extracts in germination and initial growth of the crop, a multi-factorial lab experiment was carried out based on a completely randomized design with four replications. The experimental factors were nine vetch cultivars (‘Liya’, ‘Lorina’, ‘Moldovskaya’, ‘Obrazets 666’, ‘Asko’, ‘Violeta’, ‘Viola’, ‘Beta WP’, and ‘Panonskaya’), two aqueous extracts (of shoot and root biomass of S. halepense ) and four concentrations of the extracts (1.0%, 5.0%, 10.0% and distilled water as a control). An analysis of variance showed a significant influence of the studied factors. The results revealed variation in responses of the nine cultivars to the allelopathic effect of S. halepense . The extracts applied at different concentrations had a significant inhibitory effect on seed germination (from 2.8 to 27.3% for different cultivars), germ length (from 4.6 to 48.7%) and germ weight (from 3.6 to 34.0%). The lowest concentration (1.0%) also had a stimulating effect on growth parameters, most pronouncedly in two cultivars (‘Beta WP’ and ‘Viola’). Total effects of the weed extracts on seed germination and initial development selected ‘Beta WP’, ‘Violeta’ and ‘Obrazets 666’ as the most tolerant cultivars, as opposed to ‘Liya’ and ‘Panonskaya’, which were more sensitive. The cultivars with seeds that have greater biomass per 1000 seeds, higher seedling vigour index and protein content were found to be less sensitive to the suppressing effect of S. halepense extracts. These cultivars can be successfully used in organic fields with high density of S. halepense or in a conventional production system with a reduced use of herbicides.","PeriodicalId":19801,"journal":{"name":"Pesticidi I Fitomedicina","volume":"33 1","pages":"65-74"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68623360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3