Journal of Pineal Research最新文献

{"title":"Design, Synthesis, and Antifungal Activity of Melatonin Derivatives Containing a (Thio)Semicarbazide Group","authors":"Jing-Rui Liu,&nbsp;En-Yu Jiang,&nbsp;Chun-Bao Duan,&nbsp;Lan Cheng,&nbsp;Zhaoxia Chen,&nbsp;Yulong Li,&nbsp;Fan Wang,&nbsp;Qiang Bian,&nbsp;Otgonpurev Sukhbaatar,&nbsp;Qi Sun,&nbsp;Ming-Zhi Zhang,&nbsp;Wei-Hua Zhang,&nbsp;Yu-Cheng Gu","doi":"10.1111/jpi.70038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jpi.70038","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Melatonin is a natural hormone that has functions such as circadian rhythm regulation, neuroregulation and cardiac protection, as well as antifungal activity. In this study, two series of melatonin derivatives containing a semicarbazide or a thiosemicarbazide group were designed and synthesized. The antifungal screening results indicated that compound <b>III-9</b> exhibited a broad antifungal spectrum against six phytopathogenic fungi at 50 µg/mL, with over 60% growth inhibition, and this is highlighted by its inhibition rates of 80.8% and 87.2% against <i>Botrytis cinerea</i> and <i>Rhioctorzia solani</i>, respectively, which was superior to the commercial fungicide Osthole. It also showed moderate antifungal activity in vivo against Cucumber <i>botrytis cinerea</i>, <i>Sclerotinia sclerotiorum</i>, and <i>Phytophthora capsica</i> at 200 µg/mL. And the scanning electron microscope (SEM), molecular docking, and enzymatic activity results provided insights into the potential mechanisms underlying the antifungal activity of these derivatives, which might target succinate dehydrogenase (SDH). Study of structure–activity relationships (SAR) and pesticide-likeness prediction offered valuable guidance for the future structural optimization of melatonin derivatives.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":198,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pineal Research","volume":"77 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143489807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Melatonin Deficits Result in Pathologic Metabolic Reprogramming in Differentiated Neurons","authors":"Abhishek Jauhari,&nbsp;Adam C. Monek,&nbsp;Yalikun Suofu,&nbsp;Olivia R. Amygdalos,&nbsp;Tanisha Singh,&nbsp;Sergei V. Baranov,&nbsp;Diane L. Carlisle,&nbsp;Robert M. Friedlander","doi":"10.1111/jpi.70037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jpi.70037","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Differentiation from neural progenitor to mature neuron requires a metabolic switch, whereby mature neurons become almost entirely dependent upon oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) for ATP production. Although more efficient with respect to ATP production, OXPHOS produces additional reactive oxygen species, as compared to glycolysis; thus, endogenous mechanisms to quench free radicals are essential for the maintenance of neuronal health. Melatonin is synthesized in neuronal mitochondria and has a dual role as a free radical scavenger and as an inhibitor of mitochondrial-triggered cell death and proinflammatory pathways. Previously, we showed that loss of endogenous melatonin induced mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and cytochrome c (CytC) release triggering pathological inflammation and cell death pathways, respectively. Here we find that in mature neurons, but not undifferentiated neuronal cells, melatonin deficiency altered metabolic reprogramming in aralkylamine <i>N</i>-acetyltransferase knockout (AANAT-KO) neurons as compared with neurons expressing AANAT. Interestingly, there are no differences in neural progenitors regardless of AANAT status. In addition, AANAT-KO deficiency elevated BAK and BAX levels in AANAT-KO neurons. Further, we found that exogenous melatonin treatment of AANAT-KO cells during differentiation into mature neurons rescued metabolic reprogramming defects and restored normal BAK/BAX levels. Thus, we demonstrated that the metabolic reprogramming and subsequent consequences of the switch to OXPHOS that normally occurs during neuronal maturation are compromised by melatonin deficiency and rescued by melatonin supplementation.</p>","PeriodicalId":198,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pineal Research","volume":"77 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jpi.70037","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143466183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diurnal Variation in Melatonin-Mediated Cardiac Protection via Per2 Expression in Heart","authors":"Ronghao Luo,&nbsp;Zebin Yang,&nbsp;Wanshi Liang,&nbsp;Yifei Chen,&nbsp;Yinhong Jie,&nbsp;Yang Zhang,&nbsp;Le Li","doi":"10.1111/jpi.70036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jpi.70036","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MIR) injury, a primary cause of mortality in acute myocardial infarction, exhibits diurnal variation associated with disruptions in diurnal rhythm. Melatonin (MLT), a potent antioxidant known for its cardioprotective properties, also demonstrates diurnal rhythmicity. This study aimed to investigate the time-dependent cardioprotective effects of MLT in MIR and to clarify the role of the circadian gene Per2 in mediating these effects. Using in vivo (mice) and in vitro (H9c2 cardiomyocytes) models of MIR, we administered MLT at two distinct diurnal time points: ZT1 and ZT13. We evaluated infarct size, cardiac function, apoptosis, and the expression levels of Per2 and other circadian genes. Pretreatment with MLT at ZT13 significantly reduced infarct size and enhanced cardiac function compared to ZT1 administration. This time-dependent cardioprotective effect correlated with the diurnal expression pattern of Per2, which was notably augmented by dark phase administration of MLT without phase alteration. Crucially, Per2 knockdown in both models abrogated the cardioprotective effects of MLT. Our findings underscore that MLT confers superior cardioprotection against MIR injury when administered at dark phase, aligning with the circadian variation of Per2 expression. These effects reveal the therapeutic potential of targeting the MLT-Per2 axis in chronotherapy to mitigate MIR injury.</p>","PeriodicalId":198,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pineal Research","volume":"77 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jpi.70036","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143396788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-Omics Analysis Reveals That AhNHL Contributes to Melatonin-Mediated Cadmium Tolerance in Peanut Plants","authors":"Rui Ren,&nbsp;Zenghui Cao,&nbsp;Xingli Ma,&nbsp;Zhongfeng Li,&nbsp;Kunkun Zhao,&nbsp;Di Cao,&nbsp;Qian Ma,&nbsp;Mengtian Hou,&nbsp;Kai Zhao,&nbsp;Lin Zhang,&nbsp;Ding Qiu,&nbsp;Fangping Gong,&nbsp;Xingguo Zhang,&nbsp;Haitao Liu,&nbsp;Dongmei Yin","doi":"10.1111/jpi.70035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jpi.70035","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Cadmium (Cd) pollution significantly hampers cleaner production of peanut (<i>Arachis hypogaea</i> L.). Therefore, exploring of tolerance mechanisms to Cd stress and breeding of low-Cd peanut cultivars are urgently needed and require intense efforts. Herein, multi-omics and physiological studies reveal that multiple biological processes, including melatonin (MT) biosynthesis, are involved in the Cd tolerance in peanut plants. Exogenous MT was applied to peanut plants under Cd stress, which decreased Cd accumulation in roots, shoots and seeds for 40%–60%, and promoted the antioxidant capacity. Integrated investigation reveals that MT-mediated Cd tolerance is mainly attributed to the enhanced metabolism of linolenic acid, glutathione (GSH), and phenylpropanoid (lignin), and development of casparian strip in root cell wall. Defense genes, such as <i>non-race-specific disease resistance gene 1</i>/<i>harpininduced gene 1</i> (<i>NDR1/HIN1</i>)-<i>like</i> in peanut (<i>AhNHL</i>), were also significantly upregulated by MT under Cd stress. Overexpression of the <i>AhNHL</i> gene in tobacco reduced Cd accumulation for 37%–46%, and alleviated photosynthesis-inhibition induced by Cd stress. Transcriptomic analysis suggested that <i>AhNHL</i> confers the Cd tolerance mainly through promoting phenylpropanoid biosynthesis and GSH metabolism. Additionally, exogenous GSH effectively alleviated the Cd stress through improving Cd sequestration and antioxidant capacity in peanut plants, while apply of the GSH biosynthesis inhibitor (buthionine sulfoximine) exacerbated the Cd phytotoxicity. Transcriptomic analysis reveals that exogenous GSH improves Cd tolerance through affecting the expression of genes involved in transcription regulation, and metal ion binding and transport. Our findings provide novel insights into molecular mechanisms underlying Cd tolerance in plants, which would facilitate breeding of low-Cd peanut cultivars.</p>","PeriodicalId":198,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pineal Research","volume":"77 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jpi.70035","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143396791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Meditation Linked to Enhanced MRI Signal Intensity in the Pineal Gland and Reduced Predicted Brain Age","authors":"Emanuele R. G. Plini,&nbsp;Michael C. Melnychuk,&nbsp;Paul M. Dockree","doi":"10.1111/jpi.70033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jpi.70033","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Growing evidence demonstrates that meditation practice supports cognitive functions, including attention and interoceptive processing, and is associated with structural changes across cortical networks, including prefrontal regions and the insula. However, the extent of subcortical morphometric changes linked to meditation practice is less appreciated. A noteworthy candidate is the pineal gland, a key producer of melatonin, which regulates circadian rhythms that augment sleep-wake patterns and may also provide neuroprotective benefits to offset cognitive decline. Increased melatonin levels, as well as increased fMRI BOLD signal in the pineal gland, have been observed in meditators versus controls. However, it is not known if long-term meditators exhibit structural changes in the pineal gland linked to the lifetime duration of practice. In the current study, we performed voxel-based morphometry (VBM) analysis to investigate: (1) whether long-term meditators (LTMs) (<i>n</i> = 14) exhibited greater pineal gland MRI-derived signal intensity compared to a control group (<i>n</i> = 969), (2) a potential association between the estimated lifetime hours of meditation (ELHOM) and pineal gland signal intensity, and (3) whether LTMs show greater grey matter (GM) maintenance (BrainPAD) that is associated with pineal gland signal intensity. The results revealed greater pineal gland signal intensity and lower BrainPAD scores (younger brain age) in LTMs compared to controls. Exploratory analysis revealed a positive association between ELHOM and greater signal intensity in the pineal gland but not with GM maintenance as measured by BrainPAD score. However, greater pineal signal intensity and lower BrainPAD scores were correlated in LTMs. The potential mechanisms by which meditation influences pineal gland function, hormonal metabolism, and GM maintenance are discussed – in particular, melatonin's roles in sleep, immune response, inflammation modulation, and stem cell and neural regeneration.</p>","PeriodicalId":198,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pineal Research","volume":"77 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jpi.70033","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143396814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanism of Exogenous Melatonin to Alleviate the Fermentation Performance of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Under Copper Stress","authors":"Mengyuan Wei,&nbsp;Zixian Zhao,&nbsp;Zhiluo Que,&nbsp;Bohan Li,&nbsp;Jinyu Yang,&nbsp;Wenguang Jiang,&nbsp;Yulin Fang,&nbsp;Xiangyu Sun","doi":"10.1111/jpi.70032","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jpi.70032","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Melatonin is involved in biological adverse stress response and enhances the ability of yeast to adapt to adverse conditions. This study investigated the mechanism of exogenous melatonin addition to <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> (<i>S. cerevisiae</i>) under copper stress. The results indicated that the addition of excessive exogenous melatonin (100 mg/L) led to the accumulation of maltose and trehalose in <i>S. cerevisiae</i>, which slowed glucose metabolism and further suppressed the alcoholic fermentation process. The cell morphology, cell wall structure, and the organelle morphology of <i>S. cerevisiae</i> EC1118 under copper stress improved with the addition of 1 μg/mL of melatonin. The results of gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) indicated that melatonin induced more creamy and waxy flavors in the fermentation broth, whereas excessive melatonin led to the production of unpleasant fats with a coconut oil smell. The metabolomics results showed that melatonin promoted the synthesis of Cup1p and increased copper resistance by upregulating the sulfur-containing amino acids methionine and cysteine. Furthermore, lipid peroxidation and DNA damage were alleviated through the upregulation of AFMK, which protected the integrity of the cell membrane, thereby the physiological mechanism of alleviating copper stress was achieved. Overall, moderate amounts of melatonin reduced the contraction of cells caused by copper stress and promoted the production of flavor substances. This study holds theoretical and practical importance for wine making and industrial wine production under copper stress.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":198,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pineal Research","volume":"77 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143057569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protective Effects of Melatonin on Kidney Function Against Contrast Media-Induced Kidney Damage in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease: A Prospective, Randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Trial","authors":"Prit Kusirisin,&nbsp;Nattayaporn Apaijai,&nbsp;Kajohnsak Noppakun,&nbsp;Srun Kuanprasert,&nbsp;Siriporn C. Chattipakorn,&nbsp;Nipon Chattipakorn","doi":"10.1111/jpi.70031","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jpi.70031","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are at increased risk of acute kidney injury following exposure to contrast media. We evaluated the effect of melatonin, a potent antioxidant, as a protective strategy against contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI), with a focus on molecular mechanisms. We randomized patients with an eGFR &lt; 60 mL/min/1.73 m² undergoing coronary angiography (CAG) into melatonin (10 mg twice daily) or placebo groups. Treatment started 48 h before CAG and continued for a total of 6 days. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were collected at baseline, at the time of CAG, and at 6, 24, 48, 72 h, and Day 30 post-procedure. The primary outcome was the incidence of CI-AKI; secondary outcomes included kidney function, oxidative stress, mitochondrial function, and cell death pathways. Forty patients were randomized into either the treatment or placebo group. All subsequent analyses were conducted on an as-treat basis. The incidence of CI-AKI was significantly lower in the melatonin group compared to the placebo group (25% vs. 60%, <i>p</i> = 0.025). The melatonin group showed a significantly smaller percentage change in plasma neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) at all time points. In the PBMC study, cellular oxidative stress was significantly reduced in the melatonin group at each time point, and mitochondrial oxidative stress was lower at 48–72 h. Mitochondrial respiration improved significantly, and both necrosis and necroptosis were reduced at 24 h. Melatonin administration effectively reduced the incidence of CI-AKI in CKD patients undergoing CAG. This protective effect was associated with decreased oxidative stress, enhanced mitochondrial function, and reduced cell death, suggesting melatonin as a promising preventive strategy for CI-AKI.</p>\u0000 <p><b>Trial Registration:</b> TCTR20210123004</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":198,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pineal Research","volume":"77 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142997050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resetting of the Human Circadian Melatonin Rhythm by Ambient Hypoxia","authors":"Titiaan E. Post,&nbsp;Riccardo De Gioannis,&nbsp;Jan Schmitz,&nbsp;Martin Wittkowski,&nbsp;Tina Martin Schäper,&nbsp;Anna Wrobeln,&nbsp;Joachim Fandrey,&nbsp;Marie-Therese Schmitz,&nbsp;Joseph S. Takahashi,&nbsp;Jens Jordan,&nbsp;Eva-Maria Elmenhorst,&nbsp;Daniel Aeschbach","doi":"10.1111/jpi.70029","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jpi.70029","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Circadian clocks in the body drive daily cycles in physiology and behavior. A master clock in the brain maintains synchrony with the environmental day–night cycle and uses internal signals to keep clocks in other tissues aligned. Work in cell cultures uncovered cyclic changes in tissue oxygenation that may serve to reset and synchronize circadian clocks. Here we show in healthy humans, following a randomized controlled single-blind counterbalanced crossover study design, that one-time exposure to moderate ambient hypoxia (FiO₂ ~15%, normobaric) for ~6.5 h during the early night advances the dim-light onset of melatonin secretion by 9 min (95% CI: 1–16 min). Exposure to moderate hypoxia may thus be strong enough to entrain circadian clocks to a 24-h cycle in the absence of other entraining cues. Together, the results provide direct evidence for an interaction between the body's hypoxia-sensing pathway and circadian clocks. The finding offers a mechanism through which behaviors that change tissue oxygenation (e.g., exercise and fasting/eating) can affect circadian timing and through which hypoxia-related diseases (e.g., obstructive sleep apnea and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) can result in circadian misalignment and associated pathologies.</p><p><b>Trial Registration:</b> Registration number: DRKS00023387; German Clinical Trials Register: http://www.drks.de</p>","PeriodicalId":198,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pineal Research","volume":"77 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11740168/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142997053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GATA3-COMT1-Melatonin as Upstream Signaling of ABA Participated in Se-Enhanced Cold Tolerance by Regulate Iron Uptake and Distribution in Cucumis sativus L","authors":"Dan Wen,&nbsp;Ning Yang,&nbsp;Wenjun Zhang,&nbsp;Xiao Wang,&nbsp;Jibo Zhang,&nbsp;Wenjing Nie,&nbsp;Hualu Song,&nbsp;Shasha Sun,&nbsp;Haijuan Zhang,&nbsp;Yujuan Han,&nbsp;Mingfang Qi","doi":"10.1111/jpi.70028","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jpi.70028","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Selenium has the function of bio-stimulating hormone. However, the underlying physiological and molecular mechanisms of melatonin and abscisic acid as secondary messengers in improving cold tolerance by selenium are limited. This study investigated the effects of selenite on the cold stress of cucumber seedlings. The results showed that the content of endogenesis abscisic acid significantly changed with exogenous application of selenite under cold stress. Interestingly, we found that the content of iron significantly changed in this process. Iron uptake and distribution may be the important reason of selenium alleviates cold injury of cucumber seedlings. Whole genes transcriptome was used for screening key genes on leaf and root of cucumber seedlings. To determine the interrelation between abscisic acid and melatonin in selenite alleviating cold stress, abscisic acid inhibitor fluridone and melatonin synthesis inhibitor <i>p</i>-chlorophenylalanine were used for in-depth study. The results indicate that melatonin as upstream signal of ABA involved in selenium enhanced cucumber cold tolerance. The results of yeast single hybridization, EMSA, LUC, and overexpression transgenic showed that the transcription factor <i>CsGATA3</i> regulates the expression of <i>CsCOMT1</i> in vitro and in vivo and affects melatonin content. This study provides a theoretical basis for cucumber cultivation and breeding.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":198,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pineal Research","volume":"77 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143055771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relating Photoperiod and Outdoor Temperature With Sleep Architecture in Patients With Neuropsychiatric Sleep Disorders","authors":"Katy Sarah Weihrich,&nbsp;Frederik Bes,&nbsp;Jan de Zeeuw,&nbsp;Martin Haberecht,&nbsp;Dieter Kunz","doi":"10.1111/jpi.70030","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jpi.70030","url":null,"abstract":"<p>While artificial light in urban environments was previously thought to override seasonality in humans, recent studies have challenged this assumption. We aimed to explore the relationship between seasonally varying environmental factors and changes in sleep architecture in patients with neuropsychiatric sleep disorders by comparing two consecutive years. In 770 patients, three-night polysomnography was performed at the Clinic for Sleep &amp; Chronomedicine (St. Hedwig Hospital, Berlin, Germany) in 2018/2019. Sleep times were adjusted to patients' preferred schedules, patients slept in, and were unaware of day-night indicators. Digital devices and clocks were not allowed. Days were spent outside the lab with work or naps not allowed. After exclusions (mostly due to psychotropic medication), analysis was conducted on the second PSG-night in 377 patients (49.1 ± 16.8 year; 54% female). Sleep parameters were plotted as 90-day moving-averages (MvA) across date-of-record. Periodicity and seasonal windows in the MvA were identified by utilizing autocorrelations. Linear mixed-effect models were applied to seasonal windows. Sleep parameters were correlated with same-day photoperiod, temperature, and sunshine duration. The MvA of total sleep time (TST) and REM sleep began a 5-month-long decline shortly after the last occurrence of freezing 24-h mean temperatures (correlation of TST between 2018 and 2019 at 2-month lag: <i>rs</i>₃₆₁ = 0.87, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001; maximum peak-to-nadir amplitude: <i>ΔTST</i> ~ 62 min, <i>ΔREM</i> ~ 24 min). The MvA nadirs of slow wave sleep (SWS) occurred approximately at the autumnal equinox (correlation between 2018 and 2019: <i>rs</i>₃₆₁ = 0.83, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Post hoc testing following significant linear mixed-effect model indicate that TST and REM sleep were longer around November till February than May till August (<i>ΔTST</i> = 36 min; <i>ΔREM</i> = 14 min), while SWS was 23 min longer around February till May than August till November. Proportional seasonal variation of SWS and of REM sleep as percentages of TST differed profoundly (SWS = 31.6%; REM = 8.4%). In patients with neuropsychiatric sleep disorders living in an urban environment, data collected in 2018 show similar patterns and magnitudes in seasonal variation of sleep architecture as the 2019 data. Interestingly, whereas SWS patterns were consistent between years with possible links to photoperiod, annual variations of TST and REM sleep seem to be related to times of outside freezing temperature. For generalization, the data need to be confirmed in a healthy population. No clinical trial was registered.</p>","PeriodicalId":198,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pineal Research","volume":"77 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11707406/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142941978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}