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Influence of Chemical Surface Modifications on Mechanical Properties of Combretum dolichopetalum Fibre - High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) Composites 化学表面改性对聚乙烯纤维-高密度聚乙烯复合材料力学性能的影响
Pakistan journal of scientific and industrial research Pub Date : 2018-04-23 DOI: 10.52763/PJSIR.PHYS.SCI.61.1.2018.28.34
A. Oladimeji, Onukwuli Okechukwu Dominic, Walter Peter Echeng, M. Chukwudi
{"title":"Influence of Chemical Surface Modifications on Mechanical Properties of Combretum dolichopetalum Fibre - High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) Composites","authors":"A. Oladimeji, Onukwuli Okechukwu Dominic, Walter Peter Echeng, M. Chukwudi","doi":"10.52763/PJSIR.PHYS.SCI.61.1.2018.28.34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52763/PJSIR.PHYS.SCI.61.1.2018.28.34","url":null,"abstract":"Maximizing the use of natural fibres as ecofriendly materials in polymer composite applications reduces its threat posed to human through increased biomass in the environment. In this study, the effect of chemical surface modifications using acetic anhydride and sodium hydroxide solution on the mechanical properties of Combretum dolichopetalum fibre-HDPE composites was aimed to be investigated. Fibres were treated with 6 % acetic anhydride and 12 % NaOH solutions for 30 minutes at room temperature based on optimum treatment conditions after water retting extraction process, then, the composites were prepared. The mechanical properties (tensile strength, tensile modulus, flexural strength, flexural modulus, hardness and impact strength) of the C. dolichopetalum fibre reinforced HDPE matrix composites and scanning electron microscope analysis were studied. C. dolichopetalum fibre was not only effective as reinforcement of HDPE matrix but mercerization and acetylation of C. dolichopetalum fibre ultimately enhanced the mechanical properties of HDPE composites. Scanning electron microscope analysis revealed that HDPE matrix possess better adhesive interaction with acetylated and mercerized C. dolichopetalum fibre compared with untreated C. dolichopetalum fibre at ultimate tensile strength.","PeriodicalId":19784,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan journal of scientific and industrial research","volume":"38 1","pages":"28-34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87473729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Extraction of Ecofriendly Leather Dyes from Plants Bark 从植物树皮中提取环保型皮革染料
Pakistan journal of scientific and industrial research Pub Date : 2017-06-29 DOI: 10.52763/PJSIR.PHYS.SCI.60.2.2017.96.100
Hafiza Bushra Shamsheer, T. Mughal, A. Ishaq, S. Zaheer, Kiran Zahid
{"title":"Extraction of Ecofriendly Leather Dyes from Plants Bark","authors":"Hafiza Bushra Shamsheer, T. Mughal, A. Ishaq, S. Zaheer, Kiran Zahid","doi":"10.52763/PJSIR.PHYS.SCI.60.2.2017.96.100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52763/PJSIR.PHYS.SCI.60.2.2017.96.100","url":null,"abstract":". Present study is focused on the isolation of ecofriendly dyes from the bark of different plants. Aqueous extracts of the bark of Mangifera indica L ., Syzygium cumini L . and Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehn were used to dye the crust blue leather of goat. Four different types of mordents CuSO 4 , FeSO 4 , KMnO 4 and Potash Alum were used. The fastness properties (washing, heating, sunlight and rubbing) were also evaluated by grey scale. Syzygium cumini L extract showed more variation in colours. M. indica L. showed good fastness properties as compared to others. The formation of light and soft colours with different mordants was observed.","PeriodicalId":19784,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan journal of scientific and industrial research","volume":"10 1","pages":"96-100"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86665710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effect of pH During Composting of Municipal Solid Waste pH对城市生活垃圾堆肥过程的影响
Pakistan journal of scientific and industrial research Pub Date : 2017-06-29 DOI: 10.52763/PJSIR.PHYS.SCI.60.2.2017.114.116
S. Raza, N. Munir, S. Naz, Jalil Ahmed, A. Ameen
{"title":"Effect of pH During Composting of Municipal Solid Waste","authors":"S. Raza, N. Munir, S. Naz, Jalil Ahmed, A. Ameen","doi":"10.52763/PJSIR.PHYS.SCI.60.2.2017.114.116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52763/PJSIR.PHYS.SCI.60.2.2017.114.116","url":null,"abstract":". This study was designed to monitor the pH during process of composting by using organic waste segregated from municipal solid waste. pH was measured by preparing sample in laboratory by mixing compost with distilled water (1:10). and monitored in laboratory for the authentic results. The main objective of this study was to monitor the effect of pH during aerobic composting process that do not release harmful gases. It concluded that the pH value end up with alkalinity in degradation process but initially it was acidic.","PeriodicalId":19784,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan journal of scientific and industrial research","volume":"29 1","pages":"114-116"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83515321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
A Study on Molecular Diagnosis of Theileria Species Infection by PCR Amplification in Sheep and Goats in Multan, Pakistan PCR扩增法诊断巴基斯坦木尔坦地区绵羊和山羊伊勒菌感染的研究
Pakistan journal of scientific and industrial research Pub Date : 2017-04-30 DOI: 10.52763/PJSIR.BIOL.SCI.60.1.2017.36.45
M. Riaz, Z. Tasawar
{"title":"A Study on Molecular Diagnosis of Theileria Species Infection by PCR Amplification in Sheep and Goats in Multan, Pakistan","authors":"M. Riaz, Z. Tasawar","doi":"10.52763/PJSIR.BIOL.SCI.60.1.2017.36.45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52763/PJSIR.BIOL.SCI.60.1.2017.36.45","url":null,"abstract":"In this present study polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay was used for identification anddifferentiation of Theileria species infection in Multan, Pakistan. Out of 220 blood samples collected fromsheep and goats, 31.2% (70/220) were found positive for Theileria species by PCR amplification comparedto only 9.1% (20/220) on blood smear. Theileria infection was observed in 39.3% (57/145) of sheep and18.6% (13/75) of goats sampled. The prevalence of Theileria ovis and Theileria lestoquardi in the 70positive samples was found to be 57% (40/70) and 30% (21/70), respectively with only 12.3% (9/70) ofblood samples having a mixed infection of both T. ovis and T. lestoquardi. Overall the prevalence ofT. ovis infection was higher than T. lestoquardi in both sheep and goats. Herds with sheep only hadsignificantly higher parasitic prevalence. The results confirm that PCR is direct, specific and sensitive toolfor diagnosis of ovine theileriosis.","PeriodicalId":19784,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan journal of scientific and industrial research","volume":"26 1","pages":"36-45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75004064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
Cadmium tolerance and bioremediation potential of bacteria isolated from soils irrigated with untreated industrial effluent. 未经处理的工业废水灌溉土壤中分离细菌的耐镉性和生物修复潜力。
Pakistan journal of scientific and industrial research Pub Date : 2015-08-24 DOI: 10.52763/PJSIR.BIOL.SCI.58.2.2015.65.71
R. Ahmad, Muhammad A.U. Hassan, M. Yasin, Vishandas Suthor
{"title":"Cadmium tolerance and bioremediation potential of bacteria isolated from soils irrigated with untreated industrial effluent.","authors":"R. Ahmad, Muhammad A.U. Hassan, M. Yasin, Vishandas Suthor","doi":"10.52763/PJSIR.BIOL.SCI.58.2.2015.65.71","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52763/PJSIR.BIOL.SCI.58.2.2015.65.71","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was aimed to investigate the Cd tolerance of bacteria isolated from municipal effluent irrigated soils. Thirty bacterial strains were isolated and screened for their Cd+ tolerance by growing on nutrient agar plates amended with varying amount of Cd+. Out of them four bacteria (GS2, GS5, GS10 and GS20) were found highly Cd tolerant (600 ppm Cd). The minimum inhibitory concentration of Cd+ was found 200 ppm. The isolates showed optimum growth at 30 °C and pH 7.5-8.5. Growth curve study against different concentrations of Cd (0-600 ppm) revealed that GS2 was more tolerant among selected strains showing only 33% reduction in growth compared to 64% by GS5 and 77% by both GS10 and GS20 at 600 ppm Cd. Inoculation of maize seeds with Cd tolerant bacteria for root elongation demonstrated up to 1.7 fold increase in root elongation (in the absence of Cd) and up to 1.5 fold (in the presence of 50 ppm Cd) compared to the un-inoculated plants. The results of the study revealed that the bacterial isolates exhibiting great Cd tolerance and growth promoting activity can be potential candidates for bioremediation of metal contaminated soils and wastewaters.","PeriodicalId":19784,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan journal of scientific and industrial research","volume":"50 1","pages":"65-71"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73717157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Modification of Ntezi Bentonite Structure by Hydrochloric Acid: Process Kinetics and Structural Properties of the Modified Samples 盐酸对Ntezi膨润土结构的改性:过程动力学及改性样品的结构性能
Pakistan journal of scientific and industrial research Pub Date : 2014-02-27 DOI: 10.52763/PJSIR.PHYS.SCI.57.1.2014.1.9
R. Ajemba
{"title":"Modification of Ntezi Bentonite Structure by Hydrochloric Acid: Process Kinetics and Structural Properties of the Modified Samples","authors":"R. Ajemba","doi":"10.52763/PJSIR.PHYS.SCI.57.1.2014.1.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52763/PJSIR.PHYS.SCI.57.1.2014.1.9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19784,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan journal of scientific and industrial research","volume":"32 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82055016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Cationic Interference in Mercury Analysis by Cold Vapour Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy 冷蒸汽原子吸收光谱法分析汞中的阳离子干扰
Pakistan journal of scientific and industrial research Pub Date : 2013-06-27 DOI: 10.52763/PJSIR.PHYS.SCI.56.2.2013.122.124
R. Dewani, S. Mohiuddin, I. Naqvi, S. S. Masood
{"title":"Cationic Interference in Mercury Analysis by Cold Vapour Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy","authors":"R. Dewani, S. Mohiuddin, I. Naqvi, S. S. Masood","doi":"10.52763/PJSIR.PHYS.SCI.56.2.2013.122.124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52763/PJSIR.PHYS.SCI.56.2.2013.122.124","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19784,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan journal of scientific and industrial research","volume":"14 1","pages":"122-124"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85359465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Studies on the Composition of Effluent Wastes of Kot Lukh-pat Industrial Estate (0-400 M), Pakistan 巴基斯坦Kot Lukh-pat工业区(0-400 M)废水组成研究
Pakistan journal of scientific and industrial research Pub Date : 2013-02-27 DOI: 10.52763/PJSIR.PHYS.SCI.56.1.2013.19.23
M. Tariq, T. Shafiq, G. R. Khan, M. Sajjad, Muhammad Hammad Khan
{"title":"Studies on the Composition of Effluent Wastes of Kot Lukh-pat Industrial Estate (0-400 M), Pakistan","authors":"M. Tariq, T. Shafiq, G. R. Khan, M. Sajjad, Muhammad Hammad Khan","doi":"10.52763/PJSIR.PHYS.SCI.56.1.2013.19.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52763/PJSIR.PHYS.SCI.56.1.2013.19.23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19784,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan journal of scientific and industrial research","volume":"84 1","pages":"19-23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76108308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Proximate Composition and Functional Properties of Dehulled African Nutmeg (Monodora myristica) 去皮非洲肉豆蔻的近似组成及功能特性
Pakistan journal of scientific and industrial research Pub Date : 2012-06-29 DOI: 10.52763/PJSIR.PHYS.SCI.55.2.2012.80.85
H. Ogungbenle, T. Adu
{"title":"Proximate Composition and Functional Properties of Dehulled African Nutmeg (Monodora myristica)","authors":"H. Ogungbenle, T. Adu","doi":"10.52763/PJSIR.PHYS.SCI.55.2.2012.80.85","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52763/PJSIR.PHYS.SCI.55.2.2012.80.85","url":null,"abstract":"The proximate composition and functional properties of dehulled African nutmeg (Monodora myristica) were determined. Crude protein, ash, fat and fibre contents were: 14.67%, 2.27%, 24.06% and 30.04%, respectively. Gelation concentration was 4%. Water and oil absorption were 160% and 256%, respectively. The emulsion capacity and emulsion stability were 45.6% and 42% while the foaming capacity and foaming stability were 50.0% and 4%, respectively. Minimum solubility was observed at pH 4.0 and maximum, at pH 10. Total essential and total non-essential amino acids amounted to the average values of 48.4% and 51.60%, respectively.","PeriodicalId":19784,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan journal of scientific and industrial research","volume":"44 1","pages":"80-85"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82937206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Deposition and Characterization of ZnS Thin Films Using Chemical Bath Deposition Method in the Presence of Sodium Tartrate as Complexing Agent 酒石酸钠络合下化学浴沉积ZnS薄膜及其表征
Pakistan journal of scientific and industrial research Pub Date : 2011-02-25 DOI: 10.52763/PJSIR.PHYS.SCI.54.1.2011.1.5
A. Kassim, T. Tee, H. Min, S. Nagalingam
{"title":"Deposition and Characterization of ZnS Thin Films Using Chemical Bath Deposition Method in the Presence of Sodium Tartrate as Complexing Agent","authors":"A. Kassim, T. Tee, H. Min, S. Nagalingam","doi":"10.52763/PJSIR.PHYS.SCI.54.1.2011.1.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52763/PJSIR.PHYS.SCI.54.1.2011.1.5","url":null,"abstract":"ZnS thin films were deposited on indium tin oxide glass substrate using the chemical bath deposition method. The deposited films were characterized by X-ray diffraction and atomic force microscopy. The influence of bath temperature on the structure and morphology of the thin films was \u0000investigated at three different bath temperatures of 60, 70 and 80 °C in the presence of sodium tartrate as a complexing agent. The XRD results indicated that the deposited ZnS thin films exhibited a polycrystalline \u0000cubic structure. The number of ZnS peaks increased from three to four peaks as the bath temperature was increased from 60 to 80 °C based on the XRD patterns. From the AFM measurements, the film thickness and surface roughness were found to be dependent on the bath temperature. The grain size increased as the bath temperature was increased from 60 to 80 °C.","PeriodicalId":19784,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan journal of scientific and industrial research","volume":"44 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87327993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
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