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Intraperitoneal administration of arginine vasotocin (AVT) induces anorexigenic and anxiogenic actions via the brain V1a receptor-signaling pathway in the tiger puffer, Takifugu rubripes 腹腔注射精氨酸血管收缩素（AVT）可通过脑V1a受体信号通路诱导虎河豚产生厌食和焦虑作用。

IF 3 4区医学

Peptides Pub Date : 2024-05-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2024.171239

Ryo Nagamine , Norifumi Konno , Tomoya Nakamachi , Hajime Matsubara , Kouhei Matsuda

{"title":"Intraperitoneal administration of arginine vasotocin (AVT) induces anorexigenic and anxiogenic actions via the brain V1a receptor-signaling pathway in the tiger puffer, Takifugu rubripes","authors":"Ryo Nagamine , Norifumi Konno , Tomoya Nakamachi , Hajime Matsubara , Kouhei Matsuda","doi":"10.1016/j.peptides.2024.171239","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.peptides.2024.171239","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Arginine vasotocin (AVT) is produced mainly in the hypothalamus and as a neurohypophyseal hormone peripherally regulates water-mineral balance in sub-mammals. In addition, AVT-containing neurons innervate several areas of the brain, and AVT also acts centrally as both an anorexigenic and anxiogenic factor in goldfish. However, it is unclear whether these central effects operate in fish in general. In the present study, therefore, we investigated AVT-like immunoreactivity in the brain of the tiger puffer, a cultured fish with a high market value in Japan and also a representative marine teleost species, focusing particularly on whether AVT affects food intake and psychomotor activity. AVT-like immunoreactivity was distributed higher in the ventral region of the telencephalon, the hypothalamus and midbrain. Intraperitoneal (IP) administration of AVT at 100 pmol g<sup>−1</sup> body weight (BW) increased the immunoreactivity of phosphorylated ribosomal proteinS6 (RPS6), a neuronal activation marker, in the telencephalon and diencephalon, decreased food consumption and enhanced thigmotaxis. AVT-induced anorexigenic and anxiogenic actions were blocked by IP co-injection of a V1a receptor (V1aR) antagonist, Manning compound (MC) at 300 pmol g<sup>−1</sup> BW. These results suggest that AVT acts as an anorexigenic and anxiogenic factor via the V1aR-signaling pathway in the tiger puffer brain.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19765,"journal":{"name":"Peptides","volume":"178 ","pages":"Article 171239"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140898100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Glucagon-like Peptide 1 Receptor Agonist use and the effect on diabetic retinopathy: An uncertain relationship 胰高血糖素样肽 1 受体激动剂的使用与糖尿病视网膜病变的影响：不确定的关系

IF 3 4区医学

Peptides Pub Date : 2024-05-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2024.171240

Benjamin T.K. Hui , Jian Lee Yeong , Tunde Peto , Colin E. Willoughby

{"title":"Glucagon-like Peptide 1 Receptor Agonist use and the effect on diabetic retinopathy: An uncertain relationship","authors":"Benjamin T.K. Hui , Jian Lee Yeong , Tunde Peto , Colin E. Willoughby","doi":"10.1016/j.peptides.2024.171240","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.peptides.2024.171240","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Glucagon-like Peptide 1 Receptor Agonists (GLP-1 RAs) are a group of relatively novel medications for the treatment of diabetes mellitus. These medications can mimic the naturally occurring incretins of the body, which promote the release of insulin in response to hyperglycaemia. The anti-glycaemic effects of these medications can be profound and carry other metabolic benefits such as promoting weight loss. Clinical trials have shown GLP-1 RAs are safe to use from a cardiovascular perspective. However, some trials have suggested a link between GLP-1 RA use and worsening diabetic retinopathy. The conclusions surrounding this link are poorly established as data is drawn primarily from cardiovascular outcome trials. If an association does exist, a possible explanation might be the observed phenomenon of early worsening diabetic retinopathy with rapid correction of hyperglycaemic states. Trials which look at diabetic retinopathy as a primary outcome in relation to use of GLP-1 RAs are sparse and warrant investigation given the growing use of this group of medications. Therefore currently, it is uncertain what effect, beneficial or adverse, GLP-1 RA use has on diabetic retinopathy. This article provides an overview of GLP-1 RA use as a treatment for diabetes mellitus and the current understanding of their relationship with diabetic retinopathy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19765,"journal":{"name":"Peptides","volume":"178 ","pages":"Article 171240"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140857435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Oxytocin transported from the blood across the blood-brain barrier by receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) affects brain function related to social behavior 通过高级糖化终产物受体（RAGE）从血液中运送通过血脑屏障的催产素会影响与社交行为相关的大脑功能

IF 3 4区医学

Peptides Pub Date : 2024-04-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2024.171230

Haruhiro Higashida , Yu Oshima , Yasuhiko Yamamoto

{"title":"Oxytocin transported from the blood across the blood-brain barrier by receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) affects brain function related to social behavior","authors":"Haruhiro Higashida , Yu Oshima , Yasuhiko Yamamoto","doi":"10.1016/j.peptides.2024.171230","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.peptides.2024.171230","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Oxytocin (OT) is a neuropeptide that primarily functions as a hormone controlling female reproductive processes. Since numerous recent studies have shown that single and repetitive administrations of OT increase trust, social interaction, and maternal behaviors in humans and animals, OT is considered a key molecule that regulates social memory and behavior. Furthermore, OT binds to receptors for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE), and it has been demonstrated that loss of RAGE in the brain vascular endothelial cells of mice fails to increase brain OT concentrations following peripheral OT administration. This leads to the hypothesis that RAGE is involved in the direct transport of OT, allowing it access to the brain by transporting it across the blood–brain barrier; however, this hypothesis is only based on limited evidence. Herein, we review the recent results related to this hypothesis, such as the mode of transport of OT in the blood circulation to the brain via different forms of RAGE, including membrane-bound full-length RAGE and soluble RAGE. We further review the modulation of brain function and social behavior, which seem to be mediated by RAGE-dependent OT. Overall, this review mostly confirms that RAGE enables the recruitment of circulating OT to the brain, thereby influencing social behavior. The requirement for further studies considering the physiological aspects of RAGE is also discussed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19765,"journal":{"name":"Peptides","volume":"178 ","pages":"Article 171230"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140652752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Arginine vasopressin: Critical regulator of circadian homeostasis 精氨酸加压素昼夜节律平衡的关键调节器

IF 3 4区医学

Peptides Pub Date : 2024-04-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2024.171229

Yoshiaki Yamaguchi

{"title":"Arginine vasopressin: Critical regulator of circadian homeostasis","authors":"Yoshiaki Yamaguchi","doi":"10.1016/j.peptides.2024.171229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.peptides.2024.171229","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Circadian rhythms optimally regulate numerous physiological processes in an organism and synchronize them with the external environment. The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), the center of the circadian clock in mammals, is composed of multiple cell types that form a network that provides the basis for the remarkable stability of the circadian clock. Among the neuropeptides expressed in the SCN, arginine vasopressin (AVP) has attracted much attention because of its deep involvement in the function of circadian rhythms, as elucidated in particular by studies using genetically engineered mice. This review briefly summarizes the current knowledge on the peptidergic distribution and topographic neuronal organization in the SCN, the molecular mechanisms of the clock genes, and the relationship between the SCN and peripheral clocks. With respect to the physiological roles of AVP and AVP-expressing neurons, in addition to a sex-dependent action of AVP in the SCN, studies using AVP receptor knockout mice and mice genetically manipulated to alter the clock properties of AVP neurons are summarized here, highlighting its importance in maintaining circadian homeostasis and its potential as a target for therapeutic interventions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19765,"journal":{"name":"Peptides","volume":"177 ","pages":"Article 171229"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140650192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Gut hormone analogues and skeletal health in diabetes and obesity: Evidence from preclinical models 肠道激素类似物与糖尿病和肥胖症患者的骨骼健康：来自临床前模型的证据

IF 3 4区医学

Peptides Pub Date : 2024-04-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2024.171228

Guillaume Mabilleau , Béatrice Bouvard

{"title":"Gut hormone analogues and skeletal health in diabetes and obesity: Evidence from preclinical models","authors":"Guillaume Mabilleau , Béatrice Bouvard","doi":"10.1016/j.peptides.2024.171228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.peptides.2024.171228","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Diabetes mellitus and obesity are rapidly growing worldwide. Aside from metabolic disturbances, these two disorders also affect bone with a higher prevalence of bone fractures. In the last decade, a growing body of evidence suggested that several gut hormones, including ghrelin, gastrin, glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), glucagon, and glucagon-like peptide-1 and 2 (GLP-1 and GLP-2, respectively) may affect bone physiology. Several gut hormone analogues have been developed for the treatment of type 2 diabetes and obesity, and could represent a new alternative in the therapeutic arsenal against bone fragility. In the present review, a summary of the physiological roles of these gut hormones and their analogues is presented at the cellular level but also in several preclinical models of bone fragility disorders including type 2 diabetes mellitus, especially on bone mineral density, microarchitecture and bone material properties. The present review also summarizes the impact of GLP-1 receptor agonists approved for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus and the more recent dual or triple analogue on bone physiology and strength.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19765,"journal":{"name":"Peptides","volume":"177 ","pages":"Article 171228"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0196978124000810/pdfft?md5=eba33bf9dbd0abaf0ff48022f97fe49c&pid=1-s2.0-S0196978124000810-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140644239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Intestinal expression profiles and hepatic expression of LEAP2, ghrelin and their common receptor, GHSR, in humans 人体内 LEAP2、胃泌素及其共同受体 GHSR 的肠道表达谱和肝脏表达情况

IF 3 4区医学

Peptides Pub Date : 2024-04-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2024.171227

Anders Englund , Hannah Gilliam-Vigh , Malte P. Suppli , Lærke S. Gasbjerg , Tina Vilsbøll , Filip K. Knop

{"title":"Intestinal expression profiles and hepatic expression of LEAP2, ghrelin and their common receptor, GHSR, in humans","authors":"Anders Englund , Hannah Gilliam-Vigh , Malte P. Suppli , Lærke S. Gasbjerg , Tina Vilsbøll , Filip K. Knop","doi":"10.1016/j.peptides.2024.171227","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.peptides.2024.171227","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Liver-expressed antimicrobial peptide 2 (LEAP2) and ghrelin have reciprocal effects on their common receptor, the growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHSR). Ghrelin is considered a gastric hormone and LEAP2 a liver-derived hormone and both have been proposed to be involved in the pathophysiology of obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D). We investigated the mRNA expression of LEAP2, ghrelin and GHSR along the intestinal tract of individuals with and without TD2, and in the liver of men with and without obesity. Mucosal biopsies retrieved with 30-cm intervals throughout the small intestine and from 7 well-defined locations along the large intestine from 12 individuals with T2D and 12 healthy controls together with liver biopsies from 15 men with obesity and 15 lean men were subjected to bulk transcriptomics analysis. Both in individuals with and without T2D, mRNA expression of LEAP2 increased through the small intestine until dropping at the ileocecal valve, with little LEAP2 mRNA expression in the large intestine. Pronounced LEAP2 expression was observed in the liver of men with and without obesity. Robust ghrelin mRNA expression was observed in the duodenum of individuals with and without T2D, gradually decreasing along the small intestine with little expression in the large intestine. Ghrelin mRNA expression was not detected in the liver biopsies, and GHSR mRNA expression was not. In conclusion, we provide unique mRNA expression profiles of LEAP2, ghrelin and GHSR along the human intestinal tract showing no T2D-associated changes, and in the liver showing no differences between men with and without obesity.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19765,"journal":{"name":"Peptides","volume":"177 ","pages":"Article 171227"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0196978124000809/pdfft?md5=96f90fe413de8e708df826740b998f9a&pid=1-s2.0-S0196978124000809-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140780511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Computer vision analysis of mother-infant interaction identified efficient pup retrieval in V1b receptor knockout mice 对母婴互动的计算机视觉分析确定了 V1b 受体基因敲除小鼠的高效幼崽检索能力

IF 3 4区医学

Peptides Pub Date : 2024-04-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2024.171226

Chortip Sajjaviriya, Fujianti , Morio Azuma, Hiroyoshi Tsuchiya, Taka-aki Koshimizu

{"title":"Computer vision analysis of mother-infant interaction identified efficient pup retrieval in V1b receptor knockout mice","authors":"Chortip Sajjaviriya, Fujianti , Morio Azuma, Hiroyoshi Tsuchiya, Taka-aki Koshimizu","doi":"10.1016/j.peptides.2024.171226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.peptides.2024.171226","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Close contact between lactating rodent mothers and their infants is essential for effective nursing. Whether the mother’s effort to retrieve the infants to their nest requires the vasopressin-signaling via V1b receptor has not been fully defined. To address this question, V1b receptor knockout (V1bKO) and control mice were analyzed in pup retrieval test. Because an exploring mother in a new test cage randomly accessed to multiple infants in changing backgrounds over time, a computer vision-based deep learning analysis was applied to continuously calculate the distances between the mother and the infants as a parameter of their relationship. In an open-field, a virgin female V1bKO mice entered fewer times into the center area and moved shorter distances than wild-type (WT). While this behavioral pattern persisted in V1bKO mother, the pup retrieval test demonstrated that total distances between a V1bKO mother and infants came closer in a shorter time than with a WT mother. Moreover, in the medial preoptic area, parts of the V1b receptor transcripts were detected in galanin- and <em>c-fos</em>-positive neurons following maternal stimulation by infants. This research highlights the effectiveness of deep learning analysis in evaluating the mother-infant relationship and the critical role of V1b receptor in pup retrieval during the early lactation phase.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19765,"journal":{"name":"Peptides","volume":"177 ","pages":"Article 171226"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140645850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Potential role of oxytocin in the regulation of memories and treatment of memory disorders 催产素在调节记忆和治疗记忆障碍方面的潜在作用

IF 3 4区医学

Peptides Pub Date : 2024-04-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2024.171222

Vaibhav Walia , Pranay Wal , Shweta Mishra , Ankur Agrawal , Sourabh Kosey , Aditya Dilipkumar Patil

{"title":"Potential role of oxytocin in the regulation of memories and treatment of memory disorders","authors":"Vaibhav Walia , Pranay Wal , Shweta Mishra , Ankur Agrawal , Sourabh Kosey , Aditya Dilipkumar Patil","doi":"10.1016/j.peptides.2024.171222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.peptides.2024.171222","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Oxytocin (OXT) is an “affiliative” hormone or neurohormone or neuropeptide consists of nine amino acids, synthesized in magnocellular neurons of paraventricular (PVN) and supraoptic nuclei (SON) of hypothalamus. OXT receptors are widely distributed in various region of brain and OXT has been shown to regulate various social and nonsocial behavior. Hippocampus is the main region which regulates the learning and memory. Hippocampus particularly regulates the acquisition of new memories and retention of acquired memories. OXT has been shown to regulate the synaptic plasticity, neurogenesis, and consolidation of memories. Further, findings from both preclinical and clinical studies have suggested that the OXT treatment improves performance in memory related task. Various trials have suggested the positive impact of intranasal OXT in the dementia patients. However, these studies are limited in number. In the present study authors have highlighted the role of OXT in the formation and retrieval of memories. Further, the study demonstrated the outcome of OXT treatment in various memory and related disorders.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19765,"journal":{"name":"Peptides","volume":"177 ","pages":"Article 171222"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140645843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Reduced plasma cortistatin is related to clinical parameters in patients with essential hypertension 血浆皮质素降低与重度高血压患者的临床参数有关

IF 3 4区医学

Peptides Pub Date : 2024-04-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2024.171225

Wenjia Chen , Yu Fu , Yuanyuan Jin , Wanqiu Zheng , Yue Liu

{"title":"Reduced plasma cortistatin is related to clinical parameters in patients with essential hypertension","authors":"Wenjia Chen , Yu Fu , Yuanyuan Jin , Wanqiu Zheng , Yue Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.peptides.2024.171225","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.peptides.2024.171225","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Cortistatin (CST), an endogenous bioactive polypeptide, has been acknowledged for its protective effect against several cardiovascular diseases, but its relationship with hypertension remains unclear. Therefore, we aimed to investigate changes in plasma CST in hypertensive patients and further analyze correlations with blood pressure, metabolic parameters and left ventricular structure and function.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>In this hospital-based study, basic information and plasma samples for evaluating clinically relevant indicators such as total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TGs), fasting blood glucose (FGB), serum creatinine (Scr) and CST were collected from 81 essential hypertension patients and 75 normotensive subjects. Plasma CST levels were examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Compared with normotensive subjects, plasma CST was significantly lower in hypertensive patients. Plasma CST levels in hypertensive patients without blood pressure control was significantly lower than those of hypertensive patients with blood pressure control. Plasma CST levels were significantly negatively correlated with SBP and serum creatinine (Scr) in the overall population. Furthermore, multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the OR of CST for hypertension was 0.64 using the unadjusted model, and there was still statistical significance using the four-adjusted model.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The circulating concentration of CST was significantly lower in hypertensive patients and was higher after blood pressure control, suggesting that CST may be a new endogenous protective target for hypertension.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19765,"journal":{"name":"Peptides","volume":"177 ","pages":"Article 171225"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140786423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Incretin hormones, obesity and gut microbiota 分泌激素、肥胖和肠道微生物群

IF 3 4区医学

Peptides Pub Date : 2024-04-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2024.171216

Giulia Angelini , Sara Russo , Geltrude Mingrone

{"title":"Incretin hormones, obesity and gut microbiota","authors":"Giulia Angelini , Sara Russo , Geltrude Mingrone","doi":"10.1016/j.peptides.2024.171216","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.peptides.2024.171216","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Over the past 40 years, the prevalence of obesity has risen dramatically, reaching epidemic proportions. By 2030 the number of people affected by obesity will reach 1.12 billion worldwide. Gastrointestinal hormones, namely incretins, play a vital role in the pathogenesis of obesity and its comorbidities. GIP (glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide) and GLP-1 (glucagon-like peptide-1), which are secreted from the intestine after nutrient intake and stimulate insulin secretion from pancreatic β cells, influence lipid metabolism, gastric empting, appetite and body weight. The gut microbiota plays an important role in various metabolic conditions, including obesity and type 2 diabetes and influences host metabolism through the interaction with enteroendocrine cells that modulate incretins secretion. Gut microbiota metabolites, such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and indole, directly stimulate the release of incretins from colonic enteroendocrine cells influencing host satiety and food intake. Moreover, bariatric surgery and incretin-based therapies are associated with increase gut bacterial richness and diversity. Understanding the role of incretins, gut microbiota, and their metabolites in regulating metabolic processes is crucial to develop effective strategies for the management of obesity and its associated comorbidities.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19765,"journal":{"name":"Peptides","volume":"178 ","pages":"Article 171216"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S019697812400069X/pdfft?md5=2b030edf305987e46a9561614bbb321e&pid=1-s2.0-S019697812400069X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140766466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0