{"title":"A geochemical comparison of modern and holocene mangrove sediments, Townsville region, North Queensland","authors":"I. Ward, P. Larcombe","doi":"10.31646/WA.191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31646/WA.191","url":null,"abstract":"The geochemistry of coastal sediment is important in terms of potential soil acidification and the resultant mobilisation of metals. This paper reports geochemical analyses for mangrove sediments from the Townsville region, North Queensland. Vibrocores were taken from modern swamp (ca. 200 B.P.), and from buried Holocene mangroves of the inner shelf of Cleveland Bay. Although the average pH (ca. 5) and Eh (ca. -250mV) is similar for both the modern and early Holocene mangrove sediments, the pH and Eh are more variable in the younger mangrove sediments. Strongly acidic conditions (ca. pH 2.5) exist in the recently buried mangrove sediments, mainly caused by the degradation of organic matter. the porewater chemistry of early Holocene mangrove sediments suggests that acid-sulphate material may be preserved under marine and anoxic conditions because of limited exchange with seawater. The clay-rich mature of the mangrove sediments in the central Great Barrier Reef region enhances their chemical buffering capacity, the main buffers being clay (silicate) minerals, carbonates, iron-oxyhydroxides and organic matter. This leads to a reduced potential for acid-sulphate soil development and metal mobilisation.","PeriodicalId":197128,"journal":{"name":"Wetlands Australia Journal","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125535717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Fishes of Dee Why lagoon: Species composition and factors affecting distribution","authors":"G. Allan, J. Bell, R. Williams","doi":"10.31646/WA.204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31646/WA.204","url":null,"abstract":"Dee Why Lagoon (33o45’S, 151 o19’E) is one of several small coastal lagoons in the Sydney area. It has a maximum surface area of 30 ha and is situated in a heavily urbanised catchment of 500 ha. In 1973 the lagoon and its surroundings were declared a wildlife refuge. \u0000 \u0000The lagoon is closed about 70% of the time by a sand bar across its entrance (NSW Public Works Department, unpublished data). The bar washes away when heavy rain in the catchment raises the water level in the lagoon. On other occasions, the lagoon is deliberately opened to alleviate flooding of property in its catchment (Gordon and Cooke, 1977). Following an ‘opening’, the lagoon’s surface area is reduced to less than 12 ha. The bar is gradually rebuilt by sand transported in the ocean beach ‘swash’ zone. This results in partial flushing of the lagoon by marine waters over extended periods. Opening and flushing subject the lagoon to drastic salinity changes, which together with contaminated storm-water runoff, create an environment characterised by rapid changes in water quality.","PeriodicalId":197128,"journal":{"name":"Wetlands Australia Journal","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121359652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Management of the Towra Point Aquatic Reserve by NSW Fisheries","authors":"A. K. Smith, D. Pollard","doi":"10.31646/WA.166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31646/WA.166","url":null,"abstract":"In many parts of Australia, aquatic environments are being slowly degraded. The conservation and management of all fish and fish habitats in NSW state waters is the responsibility of NSW Fisheries. Aquatic reserves represent one mechanism of fisheries management. There is a well developed management, research, compliance and structure to support the eight existing aquatic reserves in NSW. The 333 hectare Towra Point Aquatic Reserve was declared as a multiple use reserve in 1987 and its zonation was modified in 1992. The reserve allows some fishing activities and protects fish habitats. In recent years the reserve has been placed under consideration threat because of direct and indirect developments such as the proposed creation of artificial bird habitat at Spit Island, erosion from dredging in Botany Bay, and pollution from the Georges River. The future integrity of the reserve is very important for both the preservation of its biodiversity and for the ecological sustainability of fisheries in the surrounding waters. In particular, the large stands of vulnerable Posidonia seagrass and mangroves are vital as nursery habitats for a large variety of juvenile fish and invertebrates.","PeriodicalId":197128,"journal":{"name":"Wetlands Australia Journal","volume":"284 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122967386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Management of seagrass habitats in NSW estuaries","authors":"A. K. Smith, J. Holliday, D. Pollard","doi":"10.31646/WA.185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31646/WA.185","url":null,"abstract":"This paper reviews the importance of seagrasses to coastal ecosystems, with particular emphasis on their contribution to sustainable fisheries. A number of Australian state government fisheries agencies have recently updated their legislation (eg. NSW Fisheries 1995, Couchman et al. 1996) and now have greater powers for the protection of marine vegetation. We present four case studies of activities in NSW waters which impact on seagrasses, including harvesting damage by vessels, reclamation and dredging and the construction of structures such as jetties. We quantify the species and area of seagrass which have been directly destroyed in NSW waters in 1995, and we also discuss the need for future policy and research on seagrass.","PeriodicalId":197128,"journal":{"name":"Wetlands Australia Journal","volume":"423 2-3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116565207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Oil spill in Botany Bay: short term effects and long term implications.","authors":"P. Anink, D. Hunt, D. E. Roberts, N. Jacobs","doi":"10.31646/WA.207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31646/WA.207","url":null,"abstract":"Botany Bay supports wetlands along its southern shores which include about 190 hectares of mangrove woodland, 180 hectares of saltmarch and 88 hectares of freshwater wetlands (State Pollution Control Commission, 1979). These wetlands were formerly more extensive but large scale clearance has occurred since European settlement, and urban and industrial development since 1950 has resulted in the loss of 4 hectares of mangroves and 218 hectares of saltmarsh and freshwater wetlands. The remaining wetland complex is regarded as one of the most important in New South Wales (Australian Littoral Society, 1977). Since 1978 there has been no significant loss of wetlands to development, however, about 5 hectares (two percent) of the remaining mangroves have been lost in die-back following oil spills in 1979 and 1981 (Allaway et al., 1985). \u0000 \u0000A major oil refinery operates at Kurnell (Australian Oil Refining Pty Ltd – A. O. R.) and is supplied with crude oil by pipelines connected to an oil transfer terminal off Kurnell (Fig. 1). The Kurnell terminal comprises a seven-point mooring which holds tankers in a fixed position while oil is transferred to shore via a submerged pipeline. Submerged crude oil and refined product pipelines also traverse the Bay to facilitate the exchange of product between the refinery and other installations on the northern shore.","PeriodicalId":197128,"journal":{"name":"Wetlands Australia Journal","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115982395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A survey of hydrological changes to wetlands of the Murrumbidgee River","authors":"S. A. Thorton, S. Briggs","doi":"10.31646/WA.158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31646/WA.158","url":null,"abstract":"The Floodplain (1974 flood height) of the Murrumbidgee River between Wagga Wagga and Hay Weir in New South Wales encompasses 174,700 ha. In this study area, open water wetlands occupy 2,005 ha and red river gum wetlands occupy 47,075 ha. A total of 570 ha of the red river gum has been killed by increased inundation. Fifty one percent of the open water wetlands (62% of total area) have been affected by local hydrological change. Water levels in 11% of open water wetlands (24% of total area) are now heavily controlled, and 31% (36% of total area) have been made permanent. the water regimes of Murrumbidgee wetlands are less altered that those of Murray River wetlands, but their extent of local hydrological control is similar to wetlands of the Namoi River. Future wetland surveys should record the degree and type of control of their water regimes.","PeriodicalId":197128,"journal":{"name":"Wetlands Australia Journal","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125176263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Introduction to the Botany Bay Symposium","authors":"P. Adam","doi":"10.31646/WA.165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31646/WA.165","url":null,"abstract":"Botany Bay has an important place in the cultural history of both Europe and Australia. In the history of science, discoveries at Botany Bay played a major part in the development of understanding of what we now call biodiversity. \u0000 \u0000The naming of the Bay by Captain Cook reflected the floristic diversity of the heaths and sclerophyll woodlands of the Kurnell Peninsula, but this was the second choice of name after the original thought of Stingray Bay which acknowledged the abundance of large stingrays present in the Bay in 1770.","PeriodicalId":197128,"journal":{"name":"Wetlands Australia Journal","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121068215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Multiple use of urbanwaterways: a local government perspective of wetlands rehabilitation and re-creation","authors":"E. Griffiths","doi":"10.31646/WA.175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31646/WA.175","url":null,"abstract":"Increasing responsibility, through State Government policies and pressure from local communities, is continuing to force Local government to address major environmental issues. The State Government's Floodplain Management Policies, for example, all charge local councils with the primary responsibility for management and rehabilitation of these areas. Coupled with this responsibility is a growing community awareness of environmental issues, particularly those in their immediate and local areas, with the growing expectation that major problems, such as deteriorating water quality, will be addressed in the short term. The challenge facing local councils, therefore, is to effectively respond to the community and accept their statutory responsibilities in regard to environmental issues, and to undertake these activities within normal time and resource constraints. \u0000 \u0000One method of dealing with this challenge is through the multiple use of urban waterways. That is, the use of urban waterways to address a range of objectives, such as minimising flood damage, improving water quality, enhancing aquatic and terrestrial habitat values and improving recreational opportunities in and around those waterways. A key component of this multiple use approach is the rehabilitation, creation and/or re-creation of wetlands.","PeriodicalId":197128,"journal":{"name":"Wetlands Australia Journal","volume":"166-169 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125526460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Landholder views on the boundaries of the Macquarie Marshes","authors":"P. Brock","doi":"10.31646/WA.181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31646/WA.181","url":null,"abstract":"The Macquarie Marshes are an extensive wetland system, situated at the lower end of the Macquarie River in central western NSW. The marshes are the focus of considerable debate over management issues. The Macquarie Marshes Catchment Committee is preparing a Land and Water Management Plan to deal with these issues. The necessary first step in this planning process was exploring the concept of a boundary of marshes and defining a boundary of an appropriate planning area, including the marshes. \u0000 \u0000Community views on wetland boundaries were determined from the results of semi-structured interviews and a landholder questionnaire. Following negotiations, particularly with landholders who considered that they did not own marsh country, an acceptable planning area was defined for the purpose of the planning process. With the outer planning area boundary determined, specific management options can then be considered for either the whole are or for components of this study area e.g. for specific vegetation types. Scientific data and the political context were also explored to provide a background to the decision on a planning area. The interaction of factors which led to the decision as well as difficulties in delineating a boundary are discussed.","PeriodicalId":197128,"journal":{"name":"Wetlands Australia Journal","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125580404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An inventory of impediments to tidal flow in NSW estuarine fisheries habitats","authors":"R. Williams, F. Watford","doi":"10.31646/WA.179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31646/WA.179","url":null,"abstract":"Tidal flow is thought to be an important consideration in the maintenance of fish habitat, particularly nursery habitat. To assess the presence of structures which impede tidal flow in New South Wales, a special project was initiated in mid 1994 which collected anecdotal and field data. The former were collected via a questionnaire sent to Oyster farmers and fisheries officers, while the latter were preceeded by the inspection of 148 1:25000 topographic maps. The presence of bridges, culverts, causeways, fords, weirs and floodgates were noted on the maps. Nearly 4230 structures located in the tidal zone were considered for their remediation potential, and we suggest 1388 are candidates for change. The majority of the candidate structures are floodgates, almost 50% of which occur in three north coast rivers. The information obtained in this inventory has important implications for habitat managers and researchers in NSW and the other Australian states.","PeriodicalId":197128,"journal":{"name":"Wetlands Australia Journal","volume":"102 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129394660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}