Nuclear Medicine Communications最新文献

{"title":"Perennial inconsistencies and lack of evidence-based recommendations in current guidelines addressing blood glucose level regulations for optimal 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose PET imaging: 25-year 'silver jubilee' of an ongoing unsolved problem in nuclear medicine.","authors":"Stefan Vöö, Stephanie E Baldeweg, Rajender Kumar, Harmandeep Singh, Bhagwant R Mittal, Jamshed Bomanji","doi":"10.1097/MNM.0000000000001894","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/MNM.0000000000001894","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19708,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Medicine Communications","volume":"45 11","pages":"897-900"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142522624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of renal perfusion with 82-rubidium PET in patients with normal and abnormal renal function.","authors":"Alexandre Bibeau-Delisle, Nadia Bouabdallaoui, Caroline Lamarche, Francois Harel, Matthieu Pelletier-Galarneau","doi":"10.1097/MNM.0000000000001890","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MNM.0000000000001890","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Noninvasive measurement of renal blood flow (RBF) and renal vascular resistance (RVR) is challenging, yet critical in renal pathologies. This study evaluates the correlation between serum renal function markers and RBF/RVR assessed using rubidium PET.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Dynamic images from 53 patients who underwent rubidium PET for nonrenal indications were analyzed. RBF was determined using a one-compartment model, and RVR was calculated by dividing mean arterial pressure by RBF.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included 51 patients (31 females and 20 males). Among them, 35 had normal renal function [estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) ≥60 ml/min/1.73 m 2 ], and 16 had abnormal renal function (eGFR <60 ml/min/1.73 m 2 ). Patients with normal renal function had significantly higher RBF [median (interquartile range): 443 (297-722) vs 173 (108-380) ml/min/100 g, P  = 0.022] and lower RVR [19.1 (12.4-27.2) vs 49.6 (24.4-85.7) mmHg×min×g/ml, P  = 0.0011) compared with those with abnormal renal function. There was a moderate correlation between RBF and eGFR ( r  = 0.62, P  < 0.0001) and between RVR and eGFR ( r  = -0.59, P  < 0.0001) in both groups. Among patients with normal renal function, RBF was negatively correlated with age ( r  = -0.51, P  = 0.0017) but there was no correlation among patients with abnormal renal function ( r  = 0.21, P  = 0.44).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>PET-measured RBF and RVR correlate with renal function markers and differ significantly by renal function status. Further studies are needed to validate rubidium PET's precision and clinical applicability.</p>","PeriodicalId":19708,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Medicine Communications","volume":" ","pages":"958-962"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142000461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of single-photon emission computed tomography acquisition method and sampling angles on image quality and quantitative accuracy in xSPECT-reconstructed images.","authors":"Daisuke Hasegawa, Toshihiro Iguchi, Masayasu Takatani, Kotaro Tokunaga, Takuma Minoda, Masahiro Miyai","doi":"10.1097/MNM.0000000000001883","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MNM.0000000000001883","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of the single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) acquisition method and sampling angles on the qualitative and quantitative interpretations of xSPECT-reconstructed images.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The spatial resolution was evaluated using a JSP phantom, and the uniformity and quantitative accuracy were verified with a NEMA IEC Body Phantom using an SIEMENS Symbia Intevo SPECT/computed tomography system. SPECT was performed using three acquisition methods (step-and-shoot, continuous, and acquire during the step), and the sampling angles were set to 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6°. The xSPECT-reconstruction technology which is used with ordered subset-conjugated gradient minimization was used for image reconstruction.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Full width of half maximum, an evaluation index of spatial resolution, varied up to 2.73 mm with different sampling angles and up to 2.06 mm with different acquisition methods. Uniformity, as assessed by the coefficient of variation, improved with increasing sampling angles. The accuracy of the quantification of the hot sphere showed an error rate of approximately 10% depending on the sampling angle, and an error rate of approximately 5% depending on the different acquisition methods.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In xSPECT-reconstructed images, the difference in sampling angle has a greater impact on image quality and quantitativity than the difference in the acquisition method. For tests in which uniformity is important, a larger sampling angle is recommended.</p>","PeriodicalId":19708,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Medicine Communications","volume":" ","pages":"916-923"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141889854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radionuclide therapy of bevacizumab-based PNA-mediated pretargeting.","authors":"JingXuan Yan, Peng Zhao, Yuanyuan Li, Jing Wang, Xia Yang, Hongbo Li, Liangang Zhuo, Wei Liao, Wenqi Fan, Yaodan Jia, Hongyuan Wei, Yue Chen","doi":"10.1097/MNM.0000000000001877","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MNM.0000000000001877","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The radionuclide-labeled bevacizumab (BV) is a potential therapeutic approach for vascular endothelial growth factor overexpressed tumors. Because of its large molecular weight, BV is cleared slowly in vivo , which caused damage to healthy tissues and organs. On account of this situation, using the pretargeting strategy with DNA/RNA analogs, such as peptide nucleic acid (PNA), is an effective way of treating solid tumors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The BV-PNA conjugate (BV-PNA-1) was injected intravenously as the pretargeted probe, which was specifically accumulated in a solid tumor and gradually metabolically cleared. Then the [ 177 Lu]Lu-labeled complementary PNA strand ([ 177 Lu]Lu-PNA-2) as the second probe was injected, and bound with BV-PNA-1 by the base complementary pairing. In this study, the BV-based PNA-mediated pretargeting strategy was systematically studied, including stability of probes, specific binding ability, biodistribution in animal model, evaluation of single photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography imaging, and therapeutic effect.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with group A ([ 177 Lu]Lu-BV), the group B (BV-PNA-1 + [ 177 Lu]Lu-PNA-2) showed lower blood radiotoxicity (22.55 ±1.62 vs. 5.18 ± 0.40%, %ID/g, P  < 0.05), and similar accumulation of radioactivity in tumor (5.32 ± 0.66 vs. 6.68 ± 0.79%, %ID/g, P  > 0.05). Correspondingly, there was no significant difference in therapeutic effect between groups A and B.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The PNA-mediated pretargeting strategy could increase the tumor-to-blood ratio, thereby reducing the damage to normal tissues, while having a similar therapeutic effect to solid tumor. All the experiments in this study showed the potential and effectiveness of pretargeting radioimmunotherapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":19708,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Medicine Communications","volume":" ","pages":"901-909"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141620604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation of PSA blood levels with standard uptake value maximum (SUV max ) and total metabolic tumor volume (TMTV) in 18F-PSMA-1007 and 18F-choline PET/CT in patients with biochemically recurrent prostate cancer.","authors":"Vasiliki Fragkiadaki, Emmanouil Panagiotidis, Evaggelia Vlontzou, Theodoros Kalathas, Anna Paschali, Charalampos Kypraios, Vasiliki Chatzipavlidou, Ioannis Datseris","doi":"10.1097/MNM.0000000000001881","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MNM.0000000000001881","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>In this prospective study, we investigated the correlation between prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels in the blood of patients with prostate cancer in biochemical recurrence after radical treatment with the semiquantitative parameters standard uptake value maximum (SUV max ) and the total metabolic tumor volume (TMTV) in the metastatic foci depicted in 18F-prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-1007 and 18F-choline PET/computed tomography (CT) imaging.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We prospectively examined 104 patients with biochemical relapse of prostate cancer after primary definitive treatment. All patients underwent one 18F-PSMA-1007 and one 18F-choline PET/CT examination in randomized order within a time frame of 10 days and were followed for at least 6 months (182 ± 10 days). The semiquantitative parameters of SUV max and metabolic tumor volume (MTV) of each neoplastic lesion in PET/CT imaging were calculated, and further summation of each MTV value was done to calculate the TMTV.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>According to the Spearman correlation analysis, a positive correlation was found between PSA levels and SUV max and TMTV scores in the metastatic foci of 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT ( r  = 0.24 and 0.35, respectively; P  < 0.05) and SUV max in the lesions of 18F-choline PET/CT ( r  = 0.28; P  < 0.0239). However, a positive but NS correlation was demonstrated between values of PSA and TMTV for each lesion in the 18F-choline PET/CT study ( r  = 0.22; P  = 0.0795). The detection rate of the different PSA levels with a cutoff of 1 ng/ml was higher for 18F-PSMA-1007 than 18F-choline.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In biochemical relapse patients there is a positive correlation between PSA levels in the blood and the semiquantitative parameters SUV max and TMTV of the metastatic foci in the 18F-PSMA-1007 and 18F-Choline PET/CT imaging.</p>","PeriodicalId":19708,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Medicine Communications","volume":" ","pages":"924-930"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141856168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"18 F FDG PET/CT versus 99m Tc MDP Bone scintigraphy in imaging of metastatic osseous disease in breast cancer patients; Solving the discrepancies in light of serum markers.","authors":"Hatem Nasr, Nejoud Alnajashi, Hussein Farghaly, Abdullah Alqarni","doi":"10.1097/MNM.0000000000001888","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MNM.0000000000001888","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To assess the performance of 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/computed tomography (CT) versus 99m Tc MDP bone scan in assessment of metastatic osseous disease in breast cancer patients in relation to serum markers.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>We reviewed PET/CT studies and bone scans for 37 patients (mean age of 55.38 ± 13.08 years) with metastatic breast cancer to bone. To assess metastatic osseous burden, we used semiquantitative scores derived from PET/CT (PMS) and bone scans (BMS). We used McNemar test to compare lesion detection between both modalities and receiver operator characteristic analysis to define the cutoff value of serum CA 15-3 that best predicts additional value for PET/CT over bone scan.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In 13 patients (35.1%), more lesions or higher-intensity lesions were detected on PET/CT, while only 4 patients (10.8%) had more prominent lesions on bone scans ( P = 0.049). Additional lesions seen on PET/CT are predominantly osteolytic or medullary (early phase). Most lesions with higher uptake on bone scans appear sclerotic (late phase). CA 15-3 was positively correlated to PMS ( r = 0.386; P = 0.018) but not to BMS ( r = -0.027; P = 0.874). However, serum alkaline phosphatase was positively correlated to both PMS ( r = 0.389; P = 0.017) and BMS ( r = 0.363; P = 0.027). CA 15-3 value of >47 U/ml best predicted additional findings on PET/CT compared to bone scans (area under the curve = 0.708; P = 0.0261).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>FDG PET/CT detects metastatic osseous lesions during an earlier phase. A higher CA 15-3 predicts a higher metastatic burden on PET/CT but not on bone scan. Bone scans are less specific, likely by missing early lesions and detecting persistent uptake in healing sclerotic lesions.</p>","PeriodicalId":19708,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Medicine Communications","volume":" ","pages":"947-957"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142110475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of blood evacuation efficiency using 99m Tc-RBC imaging: a comparative study of exsanguination tourniquet rings and Esmarch bandages.","authors":"Ninghu Liu, Binbin Sun, Jianjie Xu, Jianqiao Xu, Keqi Zhao, Shaonan Xu, Xinhui Su, Weifeng Zhou","doi":"10.1097/MNM.0000000000001893","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MNM.0000000000001893","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of this study is to compare the effectiveness of the Esmarch bandage and exsanguination tourniquet rings (ETRs) in blood evacuation procedures using a controlled intra-subject design involving healthy volunteers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 20 healthy adult volunteers (12 males, 8 females) were recruited from the community. Participants underwent blood evacuation procedures on both legs, using the Esmarch bandage on one leg and the ETR on the other. The order of the procedures was randomized. Blood evacuation time, overall blood evacuation rate, and calf blood evacuation rate were measured using 99m Tc-labeled red blood cell imaging. Paired t -tests were conducted to compare the effectiveness of the two methods.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The ETRs demonstrated a significantly faster blood evacuation time compared to the Esmarch bandage (mean difference = -41.72 s, P  < 0.0001). The overall blood evacuation rate was slightly higher for the ETRs (mean difference = 1.717%), though not statistically significant ( P  = 0.3680). The calf blood evacuation rate was significantly higher for the ETRs (mean difference = 6.86%, P  = 0.0225). No significant discomfort or adverse reactions were reported by any participants.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>ETRs are more efficient in terms of blood evacuation time and calf blood evacuation rate compared to the Esmarch bandage, without causing significant discomfort or adverse reactions. These findings suggest that ETRs could be a preferable option in clinical settings for blood evacuation procedures.</p>","PeriodicalId":19708,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Medicine Communications","volume":" ","pages":"910-915"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11460755/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142110476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Automatic detection and segmentation of lesions in 18 F-FDG PET/CT imaging of patients with Hodgkin lymphoma using 3D dense U-Net.","authors":"Mohammad Amin Izadi, Nafiseh Alemohammad, Parham Geramifar, Ali Salimi, Zeinab Paymani, Roya Eisazadeh, Rezvan Samimi, Babak Nikkholgh, Zaynab Sabouri","doi":"10.1097/MNM.0000000000001892","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MNM.0000000000001892","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The accuracy of automatic tumor segmentation in PET/computed tomography (PET/CT) images is crucial for the effective treatment and monitoring of Hodgkin lymphoma. This study aims to address the challenges faced by certain segmentation algorithms in accurately differentiating lymphoma from normal organ uptakes due to PET image resolution and tumor heterogeneity.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Variants of the encoder-decoder architectures are state-of-the-art models for image segmentation. Among these kinds of architectures, U-Net is one of the most famous and predominant for medical image segmentation. In this study, we propose a fully automatic approach for Hodgkin lymphoma segmentation that combines U-Net and DenseNet architectures to reduce network loss for very small lesions, which is trained using the Tversky loss function. The hypothesis is that the fusion of these two deep learning models can improve the accuracy and robustness of Hodgkin lymphoma segmentation. A dataset with 141 samples was used to train our proposed network. Also, to test and evaluate the proposed network, we allocated two separate datasets of 20 samples.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We achieved 0.759 as the mean Dice similarity coefficient with a median value of 0.767, and interquartile range (0.647-0.837). A good agreement was observed between the ground truth of test images against the predicted volume with precision and recall scores of 0.798 and 0.763, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study demonstrates that the integration of U-Net and DenseNet architectures, along with the Tversky loss function, can significantly enhance the accuracy of Hodgkin lymphoma segmentation in PET/CT images compared to similar studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":19708,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Medicine Communications","volume":" ","pages":"963-973"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142120369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Image reconstruction parameters and the standardized uptake value ratios in brain amyloid PET.","authors":"Nii Takeshi, Hosokawa Shota, Kotani Tomoya, Nakamura Yasunori, Kondo Ryotaro, Takahashi Yasuyuki","doi":"10.1097/MNM.0000000000001899","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/MNM.0000000000001899","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The present study investigated various image reconstruction protocols for amyloid PET using phantom test criteria published by the Japanese Society of Nuclear Medicine (JSNM) and compared them with the composite standardized uptake value ratio (cSUVR) in clinical imaging.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Hoffman 3D phantoms and cylindrical phantoms were collected for 30 min according to the JSNM guidelines. Images were created under various reconstruction protocols by three physical evaluation items in the guidelines and were assessed: gray matter/white matter contrast (%contrast), uniformity (SDuROImean), and image noise [coefficient of variation (CV)]. We compared the cSUVR of images reconstructed under 15 protocols using 18F-flutemetamol and 18F-florbetapir in 15 cases each and the guidelines for physical evaluation of reconstruction parameters.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No significant differences were observed in cSUVR between reconstruction protocols that satisfied the guidelines' criteria for %contrast and CV and those that did not; however, the visual impression of images differed. SDuROImean, which evaluated uniformity, met the criteria in all data.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Reconstruction protocols should be selected appropriately using guidelines and other information, as cSUVR remains largely the same even if the visual impression of the images differs between different reconstruction protocols. When the relationship between %contrast and CV is expressed in terms of several reconstruction protocols, the graph shows a curved shape, and the optimal protocols for both %contrast and CV are near its center. Since cSUVR is similar to optimal parameters, even under parameters outside this range, multiple parameters need to be considered when selecting image reconstruction protocols for amyloid PET.</p>","PeriodicalId":19708,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Medicine Communications","volume":"45 11","pages":"984-991"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142522623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Significance of incidental thyroid 18 F-fluorocholine uptake in patients with hyperparathyroidism imaged for localizing hyperfunctioning parathyroid glands.","authors":"Hannes Grünig, Klaus Strobel, Andrea Zander, Maria Del Sol Pérez Lago, Thiago Lima, Corinna Wicke, Stefan Fischli, Ujwal Bhure","doi":"10.1097/MNM.0000000000001887","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MNM.0000000000001887","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>18 F-fluorocholine PET/CT is considered the imaging gold standard for detection of hyperfunctioning parathyroid glands . However, increased uptake might also occur in the thyroid gland. The aim of our study was to assess the incidence and significance of 18 F-fluorocholine uptake in the thyroid gland in patients with hyperparathyroidism.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This retrospective study includes 195 consecutive patients with hyperparathyroidism, who underwent 18 F-fluorocholine PET/CT, for detection of hyperfunctioning parathyroid glands. PET/CT images were reviewed by two nuclear medicine physicians for the presence of focal or diffuse thyroid uptake. PET/CT results were compared with laboratory parameters, ultrasonography, EU-TIRADS classification in the presence of thyroid nodules, cytology, and final histology.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>25 patients (13%) showed 18 F-fluorocholine uptake in the thyroid gland: focal thyroid uptake (FTU) in 7 patients (4%), diffuse thyroid uptake (DTU) in 8 patients (4%), and combined uptake (FTU + DTU) in 10 patients (5%), with a total of 20 active thyroid nodules. There was no correlation between EU-TIRADS classification and PET parameters. One highly 18 F-fluorocholine active thyroid nodule and one isoactive thyroid nodule turned out to be papillary thyroid cancers in the final histology; 50% of the patients with DTU had Hashimoto's thyroiditis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Incidental 18 F-fluorocholine uptake in the thyroid gland was observed in 13% of patients. As reported for 18 F-FDG, focal 18 F-fluorocholine uptake might represent thyroid cancer and should be evaluated with ultrasound and, if indicated, with fine-needle aspiration cytology. Diffuse 18 F-fluorocholine uptake most likely represents multinodular goiter or Hashimoto's thyroiditis.</p>","PeriodicalId":19708,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Medicine Communications","volume":" ","pages":"938-946"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141889855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}