Open Access Journal of Science and Technology最新文献_第10页

Skin Capacitance Mapping of Eccrine Sweat Gland Activity during Pregnancy 妊娠期汗腺活动的皮肤电容测绘

Open Access Journal of Science and Technology Pub Date : 2016-02-29 DOI: 10.11131/2016/101187

C. Piérard‐franchimont, T. Hermanns‐Lê, G. Piérard

引用次数: 2

Review of Foot Plantar Pressure—Focus on the Development of Foot Ulcerations 足底压力研究综述——以足部溃疡的发展为重点

Open Access Journal of Science and Technology Pub Date : 2016-02-16 DOI: 10.11131/2016/101158

Jessica DeBerardinis, M. Trabia, J. Dufek

{"title":"Review of Foot Plantar Pressure—Focus on the Development of Foot Ulcerations","authors":"Jessica DeBerardinis, M. Trabia, J. Dufek","doi":"10.11131/2016/101158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11131/2016/101158","url":null,"abstract":"There are many causes of plantar ulceration, which is a painful sore that occurs in the plantar tissue, common in cases of diabetes, peripheral arterial disease, obesity, and even high cholesterol. By way of perspective, approximately 15% of over 29.1 million diabetics in the U.S. will develop foot ulceration [1] and [2]. These causes could be diagnosed using multiple methods with reasonable accuracy; however, ulcers will still occur due to trauma to the plantar tissue. Measurement of the pressures within the plantar tissue has been suggested to be a suitable surrogate to the measurement of trauma; thus, many methods have been developed to measure the pressures and stresses in the plantar tissue. These methods – which include pressure mats, force platforms combined with fluoroscopy or footprint analysis as well as finite element modeling – describe the pressures and stresses that occur within the foot; however, they are limited in their analysis. The limitations include analysis of only the stance phase of gait, measurement of compression stress, and analysis of only healthy individuals. Further studies will be needed to meet the goal of measuring stress within plantar tissues from compression and shear forces during all phases of gait, and using the results to diagnose plantar ulcerations.","PeriodicalId":19674,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Journal of Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77116486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

Nutritional Status of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders,Cerebral Palsy and Down Syndrome: A Scoping Review 自闭症谱系障碍、脑瘫和唐氏综合症儿童的营养状况:范围综述

Open Access Journal of Science and Technology Pub Date : 2015-12-23 DOI: 10.11131/2015/101174

Noor Safiza Mohamad Nor, Nur Shahida Abdul Aziz, Cheong Siew Man, R. Ambak, M. Omar

{"title":"Nutritional Status of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders,Cerebral Palsy and Down Syndrome: A Scoping Review","authors":"Noor Safiza Mohamad Nor, Nur Shahida Abdul Aziz, Cheong Siew Man, R. Ambak, M. Omar","doi":"10.11131/2015/101174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11131/2015/101174","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD), Down Syndrome (DS) and Cerebral Palsy (CP) are the most common disabilities among children. Nutritional status assessment is important as these children are at risk of underweight, overweight or obesity. Therefore, the objectives of this review were to identify evidence on the prevalence of nutritional status of children with DS, CP and ASD, and to determine tools and indicators to measure the nutritional status of these children. Methods: This scoping review was conducted using a framework suggested by Arksey and O'Maley. A comprehensive search was performed to identify published and unpublished works, reviews, grey literature and reports. Inclusion criteria for the search were articles in English published from 1990 to 2014 and related to children with ASD, DS and CP. Titles, abstract, and keywords for eligibility were examined independently by the researchers. Results: A total of 305,268 titles were extracted from electronic databases and other resources. Based on the inclusion criteria, 21 articles were selected for review. The prevalence of overweight or obese children with DS ranged from 33.5% to 43.5%. The prevalence of underweight children with CP was 22.2% to 78.2%. Children with ASD at a younger age were more likely to be overweight or obese compared with normal developing children. The common nutritional indicators used were z-scores for weight-for-age, height-for-age, body mass index-for-age, and head circumference-for-age. Conclusions: Overall, there is emerging evidence on the nutritional status of children with ASD, DS and CP although this is still very limited in developing countries including Malaysia. The evidence shows that children with CP were at risk of being underweight, while children with DS and ASD were at risk of being overweight or obese.","PeriodicalId":19674,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Journal of Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81645886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

The Renal Problems in X-Ray Based Imaging Techniques Using lodinated Radiographic Contrast Agents 使用定位造影剂的x线成像技术中的肾脏问题

Open Access Journal of Science and Technology Pub Date : 2015-12-23 DOI: 10.11131/2015/101145

M. Andreucci, T. Faga, Ashour Michael

{"title":"The Renal Problems in X-Ray Based Imaging Techniques Using lodinated Radiographic Contrast Agents","authors":"M. Andreucci, T. Faga, Ashour Michael","doi":"10.11131/2015/101145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11131/2015/101145","url":null,"abstract":"Iodinated radiographic contrast agents (IRCA) are pharmaceuticals commonly used for improving the visibility of internal organs and structures in X-ray based imaging techniques such as radiography, angiography and contrast-enhanced computed tomography scans, and for performing cardiac catheterizations and percutaneous coronary interventions. Like all other pharmaceuticals, however, these agents are not completely devoid of risk. The main risk is their nephrotoxicity. Following the description of Contrast-Induced Nephropathy (CIN) and its pathogenesis, the conditions favoring the development of CIN are discussed in depth. The main predisposing condition is a pre-existing renal impairment, particularly when associated with diabetes mellitus. Then, measures to prevent CIN are suggested. The important rules in CIN prevention are: monitoring renal function, discontinuation of potentially nephrotoxic drugs, use of either iodixanol or iopamidol at the lowest dosage possible. Above all, the main procedure for prevention of CIN is an adequate hydration of the patient with either isotonic sodium chloride or sodium bicarbonate solutions.","PeriodicalId":19674,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Journal of Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74565697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Investigating the Effects of Mild Induced Hypothermia on Cognition using a Measure of Sustained Attention 用持续注意测量法研究轻度低温对认知的影响

Open Access Journal of Science and Technology Pub Date : 2015-11-24 DOI: 10.11131/2015/101095

E. Lacey, R. O’Connell, S. O’Mara, P. Dockree

{"title":"Investigating the Effects of Mild Induced Hypothermia on Cognition using a Measure of Sustained Attention","authors":"E. Lacey, R. O’Connell, S. O’Mara, P. Dockree","doi":"10.11131/2015/101095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11131/2015/101095","url":null,"abstract":"Mild Induced hypothermia has come to be recognised as a successful method of providing neuro-protective treatment for patients suffering ischemic stroke, cardiac arrest and traumatic brain injury (TBI). Anti-inflammatory responses and the lowering of cerebral metabolic rates, leading to a reduction in neuronal apoptosis, are considered to be the main mechanisms by which this process benefits patients. Assessment of a new hydro based cooling device, which could potentially be used by emergency service units, provided the impetus for the current research. Neurologically normal participants underwent two treatments: a cooling procedure where the temperature of water circulating in a cooling helmet was maintained at 4∘C and a non-cooling/sham procedure where the temperature was set at 18∘C. During treatment participants were required to perform a computer-based task that measured sustained attention/vigilance via participant response times during target detection. Electroencephalographic (EEG) recordings were also acquired before and after each treatment condition. Participants' core temperature (recorded via tympanic membrane) was monitored throughout the process. The findings revealed a statistically reliable 0.62 ∘C decrease in temperature as a result of cooling after controlling for participants' body mass index (BMI). However, there were no reliable cognitive or EEG spectral changes induced by the decrease in temperature.","PeriodicalId":19674,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Journal of Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79623086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Pain as the Sole Presenting Symptom of Infected Sacral Nerve Stimulation Implantable Pulse Generator 疼痛是感染骶神经刺激植入式脉冲发生器的唯一症状

Open Access Journal of Science and Technology Pub Date : 2015-11-02 DOI: 10.11131/2015/101116

R. Elkattah, Leah R Chiles, E. Bird, R. Huffaker

引用次数: 1

In-Vivo Performance of the CarieScan Pro Device for Detection of Occlusal Dentine Lesions 牙合牙本质病变检测CarieScan Pro装置的体内性能研究

Open Access Journal of Science and Technology Pub Date : 2015-11-02 DOI: 10.11131/2015/101146

A. Jablonski-Momeni, Sarah Marie Christine Klein

{"title":"In-Vivo Performance of the CarieScan Pro Device for Detection of Occlusal Dentine Lesions","authors":"A. Jablonski-Momeni, Sarah Marie Christine Klein","doi":"10.11131/2015/101146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11131/2015/101146","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the in-vivo performance of the CarieScan Pro (CS) device based on AC Impedance Spectroscopy technology (ACIST) on occlusal surfaces. Subjects and Methods: The ethics committee approved the study and the participants gave informed consent. The study included 144 unrestored permanent molars from 24 patients. The occlusal surfaces of the teeth were examined visually using ICDAS criteria. Then CarieScan measurements were performed. The actual depth of the lesions was assessed using radiographs and/or clinically by opening the lesion when appropriate. Correlation between all methods was assessed using Spearman's rank correlation coefficient (rs). Sensitivity (SE) and specificity (SP) were calculated at the D3- (dentine caries) diagnostic threshold and the area under the ROC curve (AUC) was assessed. Results: Significant positive correlation was found between ICDAS, CS measurements and the reference standard (rs 0.37–0.72, P<0.0001). The AUC for ICDAS and CS were 0.93 and 0.84, respectively. Sensitivity/specificity for ICDAS and CS were 72.0%/96.6% and 68.0%/90.8%, respectively. Comparison of the ROC curves showed no significant difference between the ICDAS and CarieScan Pro performance (P = 0.129). Conclusion: Both methods showed good diagnostic performance in detection of dentine caries on occlusal surfaces.","PeriodicalId":19674,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Journal of Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83507738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9

Pattern of Suicide: A Review of Autopsies Conducted at Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital in Eldoret Kenya 自杀模式:对肯尼亚埃尔多雷特Moi教学和转诊医院进行的尸检的回顾

Open Access Journal of Science and Technology Pub Date : 2015-10-06 DOI: 10.11131/2015/101112

B. Macharia, M. A. Iddah, F. Ndiangui, A. Keter

{"title":"Pattern of Suicide: A Review of Autopsies Conducted at Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital in Eldoret Kenya","authors":"B. Macharia, M. A. Iddah, F. Ndiangui, A. Keter","doi":"10.11131/2015/101112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11131/2015/101112","url":null,"abstract":"Problem statement. Suicide is one of the ten leading causes of death in the world, accounting for more than 400,000 deaths annually. The pattern of suicide and the incidence of suicide vary from country to country. Cultural, religious and social values play some role in suicide. Currently, there is no data regarding the incidence of suicide in Kenya. Setting. Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital Mortuary. Study population. A seven-year retrospective study of all the autopsies performed at the Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital was analysed and the cases that were definitely determined as suicides were further studied. Objective. To characterize the pattern of suicide cases through autopsies conducted at MTRH mortuary between the years 2005 to 2012. Methodology. Retrospective descriptive cross-sectional study. Suicide cases were identified from the MTRH autopsy record books. From these record books, the autopsy number was used to retrieve the pathologists autopsy report. Data regarding age, gender and methods of suicide was retrieved and entered into a data collection form. Data analysis: Data collected was analysed using Stata version 10. Results. There were 213 autopsies performed. Majority were male 180(85%). The subjects had a median age of 29(IQR: 23–37) years. Organophosphate poisoning was the most preferred method followed by hanging. Organophosphate poisoning accounted for 195(91.54%) and hanging for 17(7.98%) of the subjects. Conclusion. The preferred methods of suicide were poisoning and hanging. The study may have missed some cases where the relatives could have declined for the postmortem procedure and hence the body released without postmortem examinations.","PeriodicalId":19674,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Journal of Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89290315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Reconstructions of Traumatic Lacrimal Canalicular Lacerations: A 5 Years Experience 外伤性泪小管撕裂伤的重建:5年经验

Open Access Journal of Science and Technology Pub Date : 2015-10-02 DOI: 10.11131/2015/101121

S. Y. Sendul, H. Çağatay, B. Dirim, M. Demir, Sonmez Cinar, C. Ucgul, Z. Acar, D. Guven

{"title":"Reconstructions of Traumatic Lacrimal Canalicular Lacerations: A 5 Years Experience","authors":"S. Y. Sendul, H. Çağatay, B. Dirim, M. Demir, Sonmez Cinar, C. Ucgul, Z. Acar, D. Guven","doi":"10.11131/2015/101121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11131/2015/101121","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The aim of this study is to evaluate the demographic and epidemiological data, clinical features and surgical outcomes of lacrimal canalicular lacerations. Methods: The charts ofall patients who applied to our emergency department with eyelid laceration from 2008 to 2013 were reviewed retrospectively. Demographic and epidemiological data, clinical characteristics, treatment outcomes, simultaneous injuries and complications of patients who underwent canalicular laceration repair surgery were analyzed. Results: A total of 556 patients were identified with an eyelid laceration, and in 42 (7.55%) of these patients 44 lacrimal canalicular lacerations were detected. The average age was 26.16±18.42 (range 5 to 78) years and mean follow-up time was 17.62±6.62 months (range 12-42 months). The male-to-female ratio was 5.3-1. The lower canaliculus was involved in 33 patients (78.57%), the upper in 7 patients (16.6%), and 2 patients (4.76%) had bicanalicular involvement. The most common etiology of canalicular laceration was assault (n = 16, 38.1%) followed by traffic accidents (n = 8, 19.05%). In 28 patients (66.67%) surgery was performed within 24 hours and in 14 patients (33.33%) surgery was performed between 24 hours and 6 days. In 32 patients (76.2%) direct anatomosis and in 10 patients (23.8%) indirect anastomosis was performed. Tubes were removed after a mean time of 5.8±2.8 months. Anatomic success was 96.87%, while functional success was 92.85%. Complications were detected in 3 cases: two patients had early tube extrusions and in patient had punctal slits. Conclusion: Reconstruction of traumatic lacrimal canalicular lacerations with stenting gives good results at long-term follow up. The Mini-Monoka tube is a safe, simple, effective method with few complications.","PeriodicalId":19674,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Journal of Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82135881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9

Cellular Mechanisms of Oestrogen in Breast Cancer Development 雌激素在乳腺癌发生中的细胞机制

Open Access Journal of Science and Technology Pub Date : 2015-09-06 DOI: 10.11131/2015/101131

O. Awolaran

引用次数: 7