Oman Medical Journal最新文献

{"title":"Prognostic Role of Ultrasound Diagnostic Methods in Patients with Acute Decompensated Heart Failure.","authors":"Zhanna D Kobalava, Tolkacheva Veronika Vladimirovna, Sarlykov Bekbolot Kanatbekovich, Rena Sh Aslanova, Lapshin Artem Alekseevich, Nazarov Ivan Sergeevich, Smirnov Ilya Pavlovich, Maria V Vatsik-Gorodetskaya, Ghazaal Alavi Tabatabaei, Ibrahim Al Zakwani, Mohammed Al Jarallah, Georgiana Luisa Baca, Peter A Brady, Rajesh Rajan, Bhavesh Talera","doi":"10.5001/omj.2024.65","DOIUrl":"10.5001/omj.2024.65","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To evaluate the prognostic value (total mortality + repeated hospitalization for heart failure (HF)) of ultrasound diagnostic methods in patients with acute decompensated HF (ADHF).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The subjects were patients with chronic HF, who were hospitalized for ADHF. Using ultrasound methods-lung ultrasound, ultrasound assessment of hepatic venous congestion as per the venous excess ultrasound (VExUS) protocol, and indirect elastometry-we assessed the number of B-lines, hepatic venous congestion, and liver density of the patients. Clinical outcomes were assessed using a structured telephone survey method at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after discharge. Combined overall mortality and readmission rates associated with HF were assessed. Threshold values for different methods for detecting congestion were set as follows: the number of B-lines in ultrasound data > 5; liver density > 6.2 kPa.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The subjects were 207 patients (54.1% male; mean age = 70.7 ± 12.8 years). A total of 63 (30.4%) endpoints and 23 (11.1%) deaths were detected within 364 days (IQR = 197-365). Liver density > 6.2 kPa had a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.9 (95% CI: 1.0-3.3; <i>p</i> = 0.029). Hepatic venous congestion (VExUS protocol) had HR of 2.8 (95% CI: 1.3-5.7; <i>p</i> = 0.004). There was a significant increase in the risk of overall prognostic value in the presence of congestion, identified by liver fibroelastometry + lung ultrasound (HR = 10.5, 95% CI: 2.3-46.2; p = 0.002). The ultrasound assessment of hepatic venous congestion (VExUS + lung ultrasound protocol) yielded HR of 16.7 (95% CI: 3.9-70.7; <i>p</i> < 0.001). For all three methods combined, the overall HR was 40.1 (95% CI: 6.6-243.1; <i>p</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A combination of ultrasound diagnostic methods that include the number of B-lines, presence of hepatic venous congestion according to the VExUS protocol, and liver density according to indirect elastometry at discharge may have an independent prognostic value for patients with ADHF.</p>","PeriodicalId":19667,"journal":{"name":"Oman Medical Journal","volume":"39 3","pages":"e625"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11490982/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142471744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutritional Management of Dyslipidemia in Pakistan: A Systematic Review of International Guidelines and Practices.","authors":"Fizza Najeeb, Natalia Azhar, Madeeha Khan, Rezzan Khan, Zainab Bibi, Mohammad Iqbal Khan, Fouzia Sadiq","doi":"10.5001/omj.2024.81","DOIUrl":"10.5001/omj.2024.81","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Dyslipidemia and atherosclerotic cardiovascular events are highly prevalent in Pakistan, which could be attributed to a lack of education, poverty, unhealthy dietary habits, and the absence of local guidelines. Our main goal was to develop a comprehensive comparison of the existing international dyslipidemia guidelines, highlighting the different nutritional recommendations proposed by each. A secondary objective was to establish local food sources beneficial for dyslipidemia coexistent with other morbidities.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a systematic review of three databases Pubmed, Scopus, and International Guidelines Library to acquire guidelines for the management of dyslipidemia. The guidelines fulfilling the criteria of the Clinical Practice Guidelines developed by the Institute of Medicine in 2011 were selected for data extraction and their quality was assessed by the Mini-Checklist (MiChe) tool. Using the Harvard Healthy Eating Plate, a modified MyPlate describing portion of each macronutrient was established. Dietary recommendations for dyslipidemia and other comorbidity conditions were developed based on the review of guidelines and data from randomized control trials.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 23 guidelines were selected based on our inclusion criteria. Final guidelines presented dietary patterns beneficial for the management of dyslipidemia, which differed due to the availability and cost-effectiveness of nutritional sources in Pakistan. After developing a modified MyPlate better suited to the dietary intakes of the population of Pakistan, nutritional recommendations for dyslipidemia with other comorbids were developed using local sources suggested by practicing dietitians.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Dietary modification is the cornerstone of managing dyslipidemia. Due to Pakistan's unique dietary patterns and the economic condition, a multidisciplinary approach with physicians and dietitians is required to develop easily applicable dietary regimes for dyslipidemia.</p>","PeriodicalId":19667,"journal":{"name":"Oman Medical Journal","volume":"39 3","pages":"e645"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11615654/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142780381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Sinonasal Mass with Epistaxis: A Rare Subtype of Common Pathology.","authors":"Eiman Al-Ajmi, Mohammed Al-Washahi, Asim Qureshi, Abir Bait Faraj","doi":"10.5001/omj.2024.49","DOIUrl":"10.5001/omj.2024.49","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19667,"journal":{"name":"Oman Medical Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"e621"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11075135/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70685166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disseminated Enterovirus Infection Complicated by Rhabdomyolysis in a Child with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia.","authors":"Hanan Fawzy Nazir, Laila Al Yazidi","doi":"10.5001/omj.2024.13","DOIUrl":"10.5001/omj.2024.13","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Enterovirus is not a common cause of myositis and rhabdomyolysis in children. We report a case of a two-year-old boy with acute lymphoblastic leukemia with disseminated enterovirus infection complicated by hepatitis, myositis, and rhabdomyolysis. The case was managed successfully with supportive care and high-dose intravenous immunoglobulins.</p>","PeriodicalId":19667,"journal":{"name":"Oman Medical Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"e617"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11233936/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70683877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How Concerned Should We Be About the Recent Avian Influenza Outbreaks?","authors":"Salah T Al Awaidy, Rana Jawad Asghar, Hassan Zaraket","doi":"10.5001/omj.2024.86","DOIUrl":"10.5001/omj.2024.86","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19667,"journal":{"name":"Oman Medical Journal","volume":"39 2","pages":"e604"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11229406/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141559445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pregnancy and Vaginal Childbirth Followed by Reconstructive Vulval Surgery in a Woman with Giant and Isolated Vulval Elephantiasis.","authors":"Rinnie Brar, Minakshi Rohilla, Atul Parashar, Vanita Jain","doi":"10.5001/omj.2024.10","DOIUrl":"10.5001/omj.2024.10","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Isolated elephantiasis of the vulva refers to a gigantic swelling of the vulva without concomitant swelling of the lower limbs. It is a rarely reported entity and its occurrence during pregnancy has been reported only once. We report a case of an isolated vulval elephantiasis during pregnancy and we discuss the possible etiologies and management issues. Our patient had a successful vaginal delivery followed by a satisfactory genital reconstruction at eight months postpartum and no recurrence thereafter.</p>","PeriodicalId":19667,"journal":{"name":"Oman Medical Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"e620"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11233935/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70683306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health-related Quality of Life of Omani Adult Patients with β-Thalassemia Major at Sultan Qaboos University Hospital.","authors":"Asma Al-Rushaidi, Sara Al-Hinai, Hana Al-Sumri","doi":"10.5001/omj.2024.62","DOIUrl":"10.5001/omj.2024.62","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The impact of beta-thalassemia major (β-TM) on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in Oman is not yet known. Affected individuals suffer from a wide range of physical, mental, and social consequences due to the need for regular hospital visits for blood transfusions and complications related to iron overload. This study aimed to assess the HRQoL of adult patients with β-TM attending a single tertiary care center in Muscat, Oman, to identify factors influencing Omani patients' QoL for improved management and counseling.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted among adult patients (≥ 18 years) with β-TM at Sultan Qaboos University Hospital between September and November 2022. A validated Arabic version of the self-reported 36-item short-form health survey was used to determine HRQoL.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 78 patients with β-TM were enrolled in the study; 53.8% were male and the mean age was 26.0±0.8 years, ranging from 21-53 years. Most patients were from Al Batinah North governorate (n = 21; 26.9%) and Muscat (n = 20; 25.6%), unmarried (n = 44; 56.4%), did not have university-level education (n = 45; 57.7%), and were unemployed (n = 44; 56.4%). The HRQoL domain with the highest score was role limitations due to emotional problems (median score = 100), while general health and vitality received the lowest scores (mean scores were 60.2±15.9 and 59.1±20.5, respectively). Several variables were associated with better HRQoL in certain domains, including being married, having a high level of education, being employed, exercising regularly, and receiving family support (p < 0.05). However, iron overload and having ≥ 3 β-TM-related disease complications were associated with poorer general health scores (p = 0.031 and 0.038, respectively), while a history of mental issues was associated with poorer scores in six out of eight HRQoL domains (p < 0.05). Moreover, negative perceptions regarding the social impact of the disease including delayed marriage, workplace difficulties, and reduced academic achievement were associated with poorer HRQoL in various domains (p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Although the studied sample reported generally good QoL, several factors were found to affect HRQoL in various domains. Healthcare providers should prioritize maintaining acceptable iron overload levels in Omani patients with β-TM to help avoid the development of disease-related complications, thereby ensuring better control of their clinical conditions and consequently improving their HRQoL.</p>","PeriodicalId":19667,"journal":{"name":"Oman Medical Journal","volume":"39 2","pages":"e613"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11232390/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141564017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Placenta Accreta Spectrum in Normal Situated Placenta and Unscarred Uterus.","authors":"Harun M H Hakimi, Nadia Ramli, Malini Mat Napes, Wan N N Wahab, Rabiatul Adawiyah Abdul Rohim","doi":"10.5001/omj.2024.12","DOIUrl":"10.5001/omj.2024.12","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Placenta accreta, one of the morbidly adherent placenta components and currently known as placenta accreta spectrum (PAS), is a condition characterized by abnormal adherence of the placenta to the uterine wall. This can lead to significant blood loss and may lead to high morbidity and mortality rates for the mother. It is a failure of placenta separation during the third stage of labor, which is thought to be high prevalence in those with previous cesarean delivery, especially with the presence of placenta previa. However, PAS is possible in cases of a normally-situated placenta without previous cesarean delivery. We reported an interesting case of a 41-year-old woman, gravida 8 para 7, admitted to the labor room for augmentation of labor, who needed emergency lower segment cesarean section. The incidental finding of PAS was made intraoperatively and was complicated with a hysterectomy. PAS in a normally situated placenta (upper segment) in a virgin abdomen that has been discovered during emergency lower segment cesarean section could cause a nightmare to the obstetrician as it leads to massive postpartum hemorrhage, ureteric injury, and high maternal morbidity and mortality.</p>","PeriodicalId":19667,"journal":{"name":"Oman Medical Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"e618"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11229405/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70683724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lesion in the Foot at Birth.","authors":"P S Amritha, Aakanksha Goel, Gunjan Nain, Bembem Khuraijam, Nita Khurana, Arun Goel","doi":"10.5001/omj.2024.52","DOIUrl":"10.5001/omj.2024.52","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19667,"journal":{"name":"Oman Medical Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"e622"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11075134/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70693795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vaginal Hysterectomy Management of Pelvic Organ Prolapse with Cervical Elongation: A Case Report.","authors":"Suskhan Djusad, Siti Azizah","doi":"10.5001/omj.2024.14","DOIUrl":"10.5001/omj.2024.14","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Performing classical vaginal hysterectomy on patients with pelvic organ prolapse and cervical elongation can be challenging. Despite the difficulties and risks, it remains the safest and the best available option. We present an illustrated case of step-by-step vaginal hysterectomy management of pelvic organ prolapse with cervical elongation in a 42-year-old woman.</p>","PeriodicalId":19667,"journal":{"name":"Oman Medical Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"e616"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11232482/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70684001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}