Jie Li , Chen Liu , Tingting Tang , Xiao Liang , Hao Gu , Leling Chen , Lixin Sun , Hongwei Jin , Chengxi Cao
{"title":"Dual-polarization compatible and high-efficiency metasurface optical phased array based on Sb2S3","authors":"Jie Li , Chen Liu , Tingting Tang , Xiao Liang , Hao Gu , Leling Chen , Lixin Sun , Hongwei Jin , Chengxi Cao","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.132309","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.132309","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mechanical scanning Lidar systems are commonly limited by slow speeds and environmental adaptability. Conversely, non-mechanical systems such as Optical Phased Arrays (OPA), featuring all-solid-state architectures that are convenient for electrical control and show significantly improved speed. However, among them, the metasurface phased arrays for beam control still face the problem of low reflection efficiency and are restricted to a single polarization response, thus stay away from high-efficiency and polarization-adaptive applications. Here, we propose a metasurface phased array based on low loss phase-change material Sb<sub>2</sub>S<sub>3</sub> and a new meta-structure. The device exhibits higher reflection efficiency and dynamically steers beams of orthogonal linear polarizations simultaneously, with scan angles averaging around 40°. For x- and y-polarized beams, large phase shifts of 221°, 239° and high reflection efficiencies of 47.38 %, 53.43 % are obtained, respectively. This design not only achieves dual-polarization scanning, large steer angles, but also shows high reflectance efficiency, and may be extended to other electromagnetic bands. Moreover, the precise control of polarization and phase by this metasurface can enhance the performance and environmental adaptability of Lidar systems. This offers new possibilities for atmospheric sensing, space communication, and related fields.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"593 ","pages":"Article 132309"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144830265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dylan A. Jeff , Kamal Harrison , Jonathan M. DeStefano , Olivia Peek , Jiun-Haw Chu , Saiful I. Khondaker
{"title":"Tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy of wrinkle-induced strain in layered topological insulator Ta2Ni3Te5","authors":"Dylan A. Jeff , Kamal Harrison , Jonathan M. DeStefano , Olivia Peek , Jiun-Haw Chu , Saiful I. Khondaker","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.132314","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.132314","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ta<sub>2</sub>Ni<sub>3</sub>Te<sub>5</sub> is a layered quantum material with significant potential in conventional and quantum electronic devices due to its structural anisotropy and two-dimensional topologically insulating phase in monolayer. Strain engineering is considered to be an effective method of manipulating physical properties of layered quantum materials, such as the observation of a pressure-induced topological phase transition in Ta<sub>2</sub>Ni<sub>3</sub>Te<sub>5</sub>. In this study, we examined the influence of wrinkle induced strain on the Raman active phonon modes of few-layer Ta<sub>2</sub>Ni<sub>3</sub>Te<sub>5</sub> exfoliated on gold investigated via tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS). To achieve the near-field TERS enhancement, plasmonic interactions were induced using a gold-coated cantilever in gap-mode configuration. We show that the material's phonon modes undergo changes in intensity and frequency downshifts as a result of the changes in lattice geometry caused by the wrinkles and the localized strain they induce. Due to the TERS enhancement, we also observed the signature of a phonon mode near 250 cm<sup>−1</sup> which had not been previously reported. Finally, we report the characterization of the Raman-active phonon modes of a monolayer Ta<sub>2</sub>Ni<sub>3</sub>Te<sub>5</sub> sample.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"593 ","pages":"Article 132314"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144858228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Robust phase unwrapping for gear tooth interferometry via adaptive UKF and mutual information optimization","authors":"Xian Wang, Feiqi Yang, Ting Shi, Chaoyang Ju, Boxiong Zeng, Mingxing Jiao","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.132313","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.132313","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Phase unwrapping is a critical step in phase measurement, yet noise and abrupt gradient changes in interferogram images often complicate accurate unwrapping. This paper presents a novel phase unwrapping method based on the Unscented Kalman Filter (UKF) framework. The method incorporates mutual information entropy to assess the phase quality across different regions of the interferogram, effectively mitigating error propagation during filtering. To further improve the algorithm's adaptability to complex interferograms, an adaptive iterative strategy is proposed that dynamically adjusts the scale parameter in response to fringe density, ensuring both accuracy and processing stability. The proposed algorithm's effectiveness is validated through extensive testing in simulated data environments with varying noise levels and successfully applied to gear laser phase-shifting interferometry, yielding promising results.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"593 ","pages":"Article 132313"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144852344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hongyun Li , Tiesheng Wu , Yintao Tang , Yingshuang Huang , Zhangpeng Feng , Xin Cheng , Yujing Lan , Zhenyu Li , Yiwei Peng
{"title":"Numerical study of a dynamic orbital angular momentum modes coupler based on D-shaped photonic crystal fibers","authors":"Hongyun Li , Tiesheng Wu , Yintao Tang , Yingshuang Huang , Zhangpeng Feng , Xin Cheng , Yujing Lan , Zhenyu Li , Yiwei Peng","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.132310","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.132310","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We propose and numerically investigate a dynamic orbital angular momentum (OAM) coupler based on D-shaped photonic crystal fibers (PCFs). Using finite-element method simulations and the mode-matching method, we design an OAM fiber coupler consisting of two D-shaped PCFs that provide high coupling efficiency, high mode purity, and low crosstalk of OAM modes at the output port. The proposed structure can achieve coupling OAM modes of <em>l</em> = ±1 covering the wavelength range of 1∼2 μm, with a maximum coupling efficiency of 99.25 % and a maximum mode purity of 99.83 % for the wavelength of 1.55 μm. By tuning the PCF air-hole size and filling it with temperature-sensitive liquid material, the presented coupler only <em>l</em> = ±1 modes transmit through the cross output port under multi-mode input, achieving 99.52 % coupling efficiency and −31 dB crosstalk for the optical communication wavelength. All other input modes are confined to the collinear output port. Moreover, the coupling efficiency can be dynamically controlled via ambient temperature, achieving a tuning coupling efficiency range of 10 %–90 %. The presented coupler might enable potential application in mode division multiplexing (MDM) optical communication systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"593 ","pages":"Article 132310"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144830264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Qing Wang , Huan Wang , Gaoting Guo , Xinhong Cui , Jianqiang Hou , Zhenya Lei
{"title":"Design and performance analysis of a novel pseudospin photonic crystal structure based on the photonic quantum spin hall effect","authors":"Qing Wang , Huan Wang , Gaoting Guo , Xinhong Cui , Jianqiang Hou , Zhenya Lei","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.132265","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.132265","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, a novel pseudospin photonic crystal structure composed of a periodic array of metal columns and parallel metal plates is proposed. Through precise manipulation of the metal column spatial arrangement parameters, topological phase transitions in the system’s energy band structure were effectively induced. Numerical simulations systematically characterized the regulatory effects of structural parameters on the bandgap properties, enabling the construction of pseudospin-coupled topological edge states. Furthermore, a new type of photonic crystal waveguide device is designed based on this structure, and its excellent unidirectional transmission characteristics and structural robustness are verified through experiments. The research results show that the unidirectional transmission function can be flexibly achieved by adjusting the type of excitation source, and it demonstrates remarkable anti-interference ability against large-angle bends and local structural defects, providing important theoretical support for the design of novel optoelectronic devices. Additionally, the study investigates the power-feeding of two metallic photonic crystal waveguide structures via rectangular waveguides. Through a combination of simulation modeling and theoretical derivations, systematic calculations and analyses of power-handling capacity are conducted, preliminarily obtaining power-bearing capability data for different structures. This work effectively promotes the cross-disciplinary integration of photonic crystals with high-power microwave and laser technologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"593 ","pages":"Article 132265"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144830262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Development of a new phase-retrieval algorithm from a single-shot image for X-ray schlieren microscopy","authors":"Ryutaro Nishimura , Yoshio Suzuki , Hiroshi Sugiyama , Daisuke Wakabayashi , Yuki Shibazaki , Keiichi Hirano , Noriyuki Igarashi , Nobumasa Funamori","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.132283","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.132283","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, a new phase-retrieval algorithm from an X-ray schlieren image is proposed. The schlieren method allows phase-contrast imaging with an objective lens and a knife-edge filter placed at the back focal plane of the objective. This method finds a wide range of applications in the visible-light region for transparent specimen visualization. The schlieren contrast does not directly correspond to the phase shift. However, the phase map can be reconstructed from a single-shot schlieren image of a transparent and weak-phase object using the filtered Fourier transform method. A proof-of-principle experiment was performed in the hard-X-ray region at the AR-NE1A beamline of the Photon Factory facility at the High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"593 ","pages":"Article 132283"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144830267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Low loss waveguide bends using bloss curve","authors":"Jiahong Chen , Chongfu Zhang , Zhiyuan Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.132275","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.132275","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We propose a low loss and flexible waveguide bend for silica-on-silicon photonic integrated circuits. The designed bend is characterized by adjoining smooth curvature transition Bloss curve and arc of optimal ratio to minimize mode mismatch loss and radiation loss at the same time. The designed Bloss and arc hybrid silica waveguide bend has waveguide cross-section of 4 × 4 <span><math><mrow><mi>μ</mi><msup><mrow><mi>m</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></math></span>, achieving less than 0.6 dB/90° bending loss for a tight 300 <span><math><mrow><mi>μ</mi><mi>m</mi></mrow></math></span> effective radius at 1310 nm. This design paves a way for loss and footprint reduction in silica-on-silicon photonic integrated circuits.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"593 ","pages":"Article 132275"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144830260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Guanjun Wang , Jianxun Liu , Shengchao Chen , Sufen Ren
{"title":"Towards robust machine learning-based LPFG temperature sensing demodulation with limited data via diffusion models","authors":"Guanjun Wang , Jianxun Liu , Shengchao Chen , Sufen Ren","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.132263","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.132263","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Machine learning-based fiber optic sensor demodulation is often constrained by limited training data in low-resource environments. Data augmentation offers a promising solution by expanding dataset size and diversity, thereby enhancing measurement accuracy. However, conventional augmentation methods, relying on linear transformations, insufficiently capture feature diversity. To overcome this limitation, we propose an optical data augmentation approach based on Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Models (DDPM), aimed at improving the measurement accuracy and predictive performance of long-period fiber grating (LPFG) temperature sensors. The diffusion model consists of two stages: forward diffusion gradually adds noise via a Markov chain to map data into a Gaussian distribution, while inverse denoising systematically removes noise to reconstruct signals, preserving both feature consistency and diversity. We designed an LPFG demodulation system to collect temperature data and evaluated the generated virtual samples using correlation matrices and maximum mean discrepancy (MMD), confirming their quality and utility. Integrating diffusion-based augmentation into a deep neural network (DNN) yielded a cost-effective, high-precision LPFG temperature sensing system, achieving an accuracy of up to 99.88%.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"594 ","pages":"Article 132263"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144866592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Junhao Gong , Zifan Li , Xinhang Li , Yutong Liu , Zhongxuan Gong , Yujie Yuan , Jun Wang , Dawei Zhang , Ruijin Hong , Hongmin Mao , Huanjun Lu , Lina Fan , Zhaoliang Cao
{"title":"Dynamic optical beam steering characteristics based on cascaded liquid crystal polarization gratings","authors":"Junhao Gong , Zifan Li , Xinhang Li , Yutong Liu , Zhongxuan Gong , Yujie Yuan , Jun Wang , Dawei Zhang , Ruijin Hong , Hongmin Mao , Huanjun Lu , Lina Fan , Zhaoliang Cao","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.132302","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.132302","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cascaded liquid crystal polarization gratings (LCPGs) have been used to realize discrete large-angle beam steering. The dynamic performance of the LCPG should be considered to direct the beam directly. First, the dynamic beam steering principle was analysed, and the response characteristics of the liquid crystal tuneable waveplate were measured. Subsequently, the dynamic response model is established, and the computation formulas of the dynamic intensity are derived for single and cascaded liquid crystal polarization gratings structures. Finally, the theoretical formulae were verified. The simulated and measured results indicate that the proposed method is effective. This work is helpful for light intensity analysis of optical beam steering systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"593 ","pages":"Article 132302"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144827625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maoyong Cao , Yujie Feng , Xiang Ji , Changshun Wu , Wenjing Zheng , Ziqi Li , Tongling Wang
{"title":"Vanadium dioxide-based spin-decoupled coding metasurface for holographic imaging and vortex beams in the full-space","authors":"Maoyong Cao , Yujie Feng , Xiang Ji , Changshun Wu , Wenjing Zheng , Ziqi Li , Tongling Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.132294","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.132294","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In recent years, the coding metasurface has attracted widespread attention due to its ability to control electromagnetic waves, which provides innovative solutions for sixth-generation (6G) technology to achieve more efficient and flexible communication. However, achieving multifunctionality on a single metasurface still faces significant challenges. In this work, a full-space dual-channel coding metasurface (FDCM) based on vanadium dioxide (VO<sub>2</sub>) is proposed and utilized for generating holographic imaging and vortex beams. The proposed FDCM exhibits different phase distributions under the left circularly polarized (LCP) and right circularly polarized (RCP) waves realized by adopting the spin-decoupled strategy. Benefiting from the phase change characteristic of vanadium dioxide (VO<sub>2</sub>), two different holographic images and vortex beams with different topological charges can be generated in the left-handed and right-handed channels, achieved in the transmission (reflection) space when VO<sub>2</sub> in the insulating (metallic) state. With the advantages of multi-function and dynamic switchable working modes, the proposed FDCM exhibits significant potential for applications in communications and related fields.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"592 ","pages":"Article 132294"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144810076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}