Optics Communications最新文献

{"title":"Machine learning-based models for optical fiber channels","authors":"Yulin Wang ,&nbsp;Mark Leeson ,&nbsp;Zheng Liu ,&nbsp;Sander Wahls ,&nbsp;Tongyang Xu ,&nbsp;Sergei Popov ,&nbsp;Gan Zheng ,&nbsp;Tianhua Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.132099","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.132099","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper presents a comprehensive review of machine learning (ML) in optical fiber communications, particularly in channel modeling. It discusses the evolution from conventional methods to ML-based approaches that aim to enhance predictive and computational efficiency. Specifically, the discussions categorize ML methodologies into data-driven and principle-driven approaches. The former treats channel modeling as a “black box” providing rapid modeling capabilities at the expense of transparency and substantial data requirements. In contrast, the latter integrate physical principles into the ML-based system, enhancing model interpretability and reducing data dependency. In addition, the emergence of hybrid models that combine the strengths of both approaches is explored. This classification provides a structured overview of how ML is reshaping channel modeling in optical fiber communications, underscoring its potential to improve system design and exploring advanced nonlinear dynamics in optical fiber communication systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"591 ","pages":"Article 132099"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144471333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A self-adaptive visible light indoor positioning system based on BLS network incorporating self-attention mechanism","authors":"Li Zhao,&nbsp;Zuzheng Wang,&nbsp;Xiangyan Meng,&nbsp;Feng Zhang,&nbsp;Amna Urooj","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.132153","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.132153","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To address the challenges of degraded positioning accuracy and insufficient robustness caused by dynamic pose disturbances of the photodiode (PD) in visible light indoor positioning systems, this paper proposes a self-adaptive visible light indoor positioning system based on broad learning system (BLS) incorporating self-attention mechanism, referred to as SA-BLS. First, a visible light propagation model incorporating the 3D pose of the PD is established, and a multi-pose domain received signal strength (RSS) -pose multidimensional feature fingerprint database is constructed. Subsequently, a self-attention-BLS collaborative architecture is designed: the self-attention mechanism dynamically allocates weights to RSS and pose features, mitigating the RSS distribution shift caused by PD tilt, and achieves position estimation based on feature mapping matrices and pseudo-inverse analysis. Experimental results show that in a 4.5 m × 3.6 m × 3 m indoor environment, the traditional BLS model achieves average positioning errors of 5.49 cm and 19.97 cm under PD horizontal placement and tilt angles [0°, 30°], respectively. In contrast, the SA-BLS system maintains a stable average positioning error of 3.56 cm even when the PD is tilted within [0°, 30°]. These results validate the significant advantages of the proposed system in improving positioning accuracy and adaptability, demonstrating strong potential for practical applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"591 ","pages":"Article 132153"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144481264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spin–orbit conversion-enabled generation of cylindrical vector beams","authors":"Nitish Kumar,&nbsp;Nirmal K. Viswanathan","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.132089","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.132089","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Taking advantage of the significant spin-to-orbital angular momentum conversion (SOC) that happens at the nonparaxial focus, we present a novel approach to generate radial, azimuthal and hybrid polarized cylindrical vector beams (CVBs) of different orders. Retroreflecting the normal and SOC anomalous beams, present simultaneously at the nonparaxial focus, results in their in situ, on-axis, and axisymmetric superposition leading to the generation of polarization-structured light beams. Theoretical simulation of the generated beams’ characteristics matching with experimental measurements and representation of the generated beams on a higher-order Poincaré sphere provide a deeper understanding and manipulation of the complex polarization structures within tightly focused beams. The direct measurement of spatially structured transverse, longitudinal, and total angular momenta and energy flows in the focal region of the generated higher-order CVBs are expected to open up novel experimental possibilities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"591 ","pages":"Article 132089"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144471329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Directional emission properties of limaçon microdisk based on Z-cut and X-cut lithium niobate","authors":"Yuxuan Xu ,&nbsp;Taiyu Yao ,&nbsp;Li Deng,&nbsp;Han Zhu,&nbsp;Jia Xu,&nbsp;Donghao Si,&nbsp;Ruyi Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.132107","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.132107","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, the characteristics of limaçon microdisk based on Z-cut and X-cut Lithium Niobate (LN) is examined under a specific TE mode of <span><math><mrow><mi>m</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>20</mn></mrow></math></span>, such as quality factor <span><math><mrow><mi>Q</mi></mrow></math></span>, resonant frequency <span><math><mrow><mi>f</mi></mrow></math></span>, directionality <span><math><mrow><mi>D</mi></mrow></math></span>, etc., and research finds that refractive index distribution of uniaxial crystal serves as an additional dimension to manipulate emission properties. X-cut microdisk with <span><math><mrow><mi>φ</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>°</mo></mrow></math></span> (the angle of rotation of the principal axis of the refractive index ellipse relative to x-axis) not only exhibits good unidirectionality, but also has higher <span><math><mrow><mi>Q</mi></mrow></math></span> than Z-cut microdisk through numerical calculations, which provides an ideal platform for on-chip light source, when the deformation factor <span><math><mrow><mi>ε</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>0.33</mn></mrow></math></span>. Then perturbation theory under linear transformation is utilized to calculate <span><math><mrow><mi>f</mi></mrow></math></span>, simultaneously combined with Poincaré Surface of Section (PSOS) and Husimi function to reveal the difference of <span><math><mrow><mi>Q</mi></mrow></math></span> and <span><math><mrow><mi>D</mi></mrow></math></span> between Z-cut and X-cut microdisks. The research results indicate that the original virtual (OV) space approximation perturbation can accurately calculate the resonant frequency for the X-cut Limacon microdisk, while PSOS and Husimi function in reciprocal virtual (RV) space demonstrate that X-cut microdisk's photons have a higher probability distribution on a more stable orbit than Z-cut microdisk in phase space after <span><math><mrow><mi>ε</mi><mo>≥</mo><mn>0.33</mn></mrow></math></span>, resulting in higher <span><math><mrow><mi>Q</mi></mrow></math></span> in X-cut microdisk.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"591 ","pages":"Article 132107"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144481263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design of an all-fiber comb filter based on sampled fiber Bragg gratings","authors":"Ying Wang ,&nbsp;Lulu Li ,&nbsp;Wenjie Nie ,&nbsp;Qiang Ling ,&nbsp;Haiyun Chen ,&nbsp;Zhengtian Gu ,&nbsp;Zhangwei Yu ,&nbsp;Barerem-Melgueba Mao ,&nbsp;Daru Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.132155","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.132155","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sampled fiber Bragg gratings (SFBGs) with superior comb filtering characteristics have attracted widespread attention. This paper proposes a reflection comb filter based on a special apodized SFBG. The filter structure is obtained by coating a metal reflector at the end of the SFBG. The metal film can change the light path so that the light in the fiber is reflected and then coupled again, resulting in comb-like interference fringes in the reflection spectrum. By investigating the effects of grating period, total grating length, and spaced fiber length on the interference fringe characteristics, the channel bandwidth, effective number of channels, and channel spacing of comb filters are optimized. In addition, the addition of the quadratic apodization function can reduce the sidelobe and increase the number of channels. Simulation results show that the 3 dB bandwidth of the apodized reflective SFBG comb filter is 0.146 nm (∼2.05 GHz), the number of channels is 35, and the channel spacing is 2.05 nm (∼146.27 GHz), when the grating period is 533.51 nm, the total grating length is 2 mm, and the spacing fiber length is 0.45 mm. The filter has the advantages of simplicity, compactness, low cost, and compatibility with fiber optic systems, and can be used to generate optical frequency combs with large channel spacing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"591 ","pages":"Article 132155"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144491474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional manipulation of nonspherical nanoparticles with cascaded reconfigurable modules","authors":"Şeyma Arslanyürek ,&nbsp;Mehmet Salih Dinleyici","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.132097","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.132097","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Selective nanoparticle sorting is essential for applications requiring monodisperse distributions, yet conventional methods lack adaptability for shape-based separation. This study introduces a reconfigurable optical manipulation technique that dynamically sorts spherical and non-spherical nanoparticles using cascaded modules based on evanescent fields. Optical forces were calculated using the Discrete Dipole Approximation (DDA) method, enabling the modeling of various particle shapes and accurately capturing rotational and translational movements. Two cascaded strategies are proposed: the first approach enables fluid-assisted filtration by selectively trapping spherical particles while allowing non-spherical ones to be carried away by the flow. The second strategy first induces the rotational alignment of particles and then employs a trapping mechanism that selectively retains specific geometries, enabling the separation of spherical and non-spherical nanoparticles. Unlike traditional approaches, this method enables high-precision, shape-selective separation without external flow modifications. The results demonstrate unprecedented control and efficiency in nanoparticle sorting, offering a scalable, high-throughput solution for microfluidic and optofluidic applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"591 ","pages":"Article 132097"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144471332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fabrication of color code by femtosecond laser-induced nanostructures on the surface of metal films with yttria-stabilized zirconia substrate","authors":"Xiaoyun Sun ,&nbsp;Wenjun Wang ,&nbsp;Chuanwei Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiurong Fang","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.132151","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.132151","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study reported on the fabrication of color code with high capacity by femtosecond laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS) on the surface of metal films with yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) substrate. To solve the problem that the high-spatial-frequency LIPSS (HSFL) could not produce structural colors due to the self-organization mechanism, the method of coating metal films on the surface of YSZ was proposed. Then the low-spatial-frequency LIPSS (LSFL) which could produce structural colors were obtained by inducing the metal films. Through the organic combination of ultrafast laser oxidation and etching, uniform and complete nanostructures were obtained on the surface of Au/Ti film, in which the combination of gold nanoparticles and titanium dioxide ensured the high consistency of the fabrication of the nanostructures. The color code was prepared and displayed by adjusting the laser polarization direction and the incident angle of the light source. Finally, the decoding of color code was realized through the conversion of different base numbers. This study provided a new idea to realize the preparation and display of color code on the surface of metal films with YSZ substrate.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"591 ","pages":"Article 132151"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144335864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evolution of spatiotemporal Airyprime Hermite complex-variable-function Gaussian wave packets in a strongly nonlocal nonlinear medium","authors":"Rui Wang,&nbsp;Zhirong Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.132138","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.132138","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, the scope of optical evolution theory was extended, that evolution of newly proposed spatiotemporal Airyprime Hermite complex-variable-function Gaussian (AHCG) wave packets in a strongly nonlocal nonlinear medium (SNNM) was explored. By simplifying the nonlocal nonlinear Schrödinger equation to a spatiotemporal Snyder-Mitchell model, the wave packets solution for AHCG was obtained by the separate variable method. Effects of several relative parameters including the distribution factor, propagation distance, attenuation coefficient, power ratio, and chirp parameter on the evolution of AHCG wave packets were analyzed. Additionally, impact of noise disturbance on the wave packets stability was also explored. Finally, the Poynting vector and radiation force of the AHCG wave packets were analyzed. Results obtained here revealed the evolution properties of the AHCG wave packets in a SNNM, and were expected to bring new ideas for multi-dimensional optical field particle trapping.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"591 ","pages":"Article 132138"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144330847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"H-shaped and noise-like pulses mode-locked fiber laser based on feedforward modulation","authors":"Peng Wang,&nbsp;Yuqi He,&nbsp;Chuncan Wang,&nbsp;Runrui Li","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.132150","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.132150","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We present a novel switchable passively mode-locked fiber laser that can operate in two regimes of h-shaped pulses and noise-like pulses (NLP). Mode-locking is achieved via feedforward intensity modulation, wherein an electrical signal extracted from a tapped portion modulates the intra-cavity field. The h-shaped pulse duration is tunable by adjustment of modulator's static bias. Moreover, a reduction in optical intensity within the feedforward path makes the laser transition into the NLP regime. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of mode-locking achieved by feedforward modulation. The capacity for electronic control of optical pulse duration is a notable feature with broad applicability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"591 ","pages":"Article 132150"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144491507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Classification-based multi-mode positioning method in VLP systems","authors":"Kaiyao Wang ,&nbsp;Yongsheng Chen ,&nbsp;Zhiqiang Zeng ,&nbsp;Zhiyong Hong","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.132146","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.132146","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Due to the complex and dynamic nature of indoor environments, achieving optimal positioning performance with a single positioning algorithm is challenging. This paper proposes a classification-based multi-mode visible light positioning method to address this issue. This method uses machine learning (ML) to fuse multiple modes (positioning algorithms) and selects the appropriate mode for positioning based on the input distance vector to make full use of different algorithms. Unlike traditional neural network-based positioning algorithms, this method transforms the positioning process into a mode classification problem rather than directly outputting position coordinates, simplifying the network structure, and improving positioning accuracy. This method employs linear regression and long short-term memory (LSTM) to train and classify the distance vectors based on channel state information (CSI) estimates and positioning modes. Two different positioning schemes, hard decision and soft decision, are designed. In the hard decision scheme, a hard decision is made on the label value obtained by the input distance vector, dynamically selecting a mode with better positioning accuracy for localization. The weights of different positioning modes are calculated using the label value in the soft decision scheme. Then the coordinates estimated by all positioning modes are weighted averaged to obtain the final position coordinates, which can further enhance the positioning accuracy. This method reduces the potentially hundreds of thousands of possible position coordinates to only a few mode selections, effectively addressing the issues of excessive training parameters and complex network structures in large indoor environments. In an indoor multi-path simulation environment of 4 m × 4 m × 3 m with 4 LEDs, the dual-mode method can achieve an average positioning accuracy of 1.6 cm using linear regression and dozens of parameters, while the multi-mode method using LSTM can achieve an average positioning accuracy of 1.22 cm. Compared to existing ML-based positioning algorithms, the proposed method offers clear advantages in both positioning accuracy and computational efficiency. The simulation results show that the classification-based multi-mode positioning method can achieve superior positioning accuracy with a small number of training parameters and a simple model, demonstrating its potential and advantages, and providing new ideas and methods for research in indoor visible light positioning technology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"591 ","pages":"Article 132146"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144491506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}