Optics Communications最新文献

{"title":"Fiber-integrated full-Stokes polarimeter for dual-wavelength operation at 850 nm and 1550 nm","authors":"Dongping Cheng ,&nbsp;Xiujuan Zou ,&nbsp;Ruozhang Xing ,&nbsp;Mingming Jiang ,&nbsp;Caixia Kan ,&nbsp;Peng Wan","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.131690","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.131690","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Metalens-based full-Stokes polarimetry represents a significant technology for compact, real-time polarization detection, which have been validated in various polarization measurements. However, research on fiber-integrated polarimeter compatible with multiple communication wavelengths is relatively scarce, which limits the development of polarization detection in the field of optical communication. Here, we propose a fiber-integrated full-Stokes polarimeter compatible with 850 nm and 1550 nm communication wavelengths. By spatial multiplexing scheme, the metalens resting on a fiber tip effectively separates the polarization states of incident light at dual wavelengths. The device obtains the polarization states by reconstructing Stokes parameters from six polarization components across two focal planes. Furthermore, the measurement precision is evaluated by Stokes errors between reconstructed Stokes parameters and theoretical counterparts. For incident light of various selected polarization states, the reconstructed Stokes parameters closely match the theoretical values, with errors all less than 0.05. Hence, the proposed device adds a wavelength dimension while maintaining high polarization detection accuracy, and its integration with fiber greatly enhances the device’s integration, offering significant potential for polarization detection, imaging, and optical communication.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"583 ","pages":"Article 131690"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143610928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cladding waveguide fiber Bragg grating accelerometer fabricated in single-mode fiber using femtosecond laser direct writing","authors":"Rongsheng Liu,&nbsp;Pengtao Luo,&nbsp;Xingyong Li,&nbsp;Fengyi Chen,&nbsp;Rui Zhou,&nbsp;Xueguang Qiao","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.131679","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.131679","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper presents a cladding waveguide fiber Bragg gratings (CWFBGs) two-dimensional (2D) vector accelerometer in a standard single-mode fiber. The cladding waveguides with large eccentricity are inscribed using the femtosecond laser direct writing technique with a multiple-scan method. Subsequently, FBGs are inscribed into cladding straight waveguides. Experiments were conducted to monitor the variation of the central wavelength of the CWFBGs in response to bending and vibration. The results show that the maximum bending sensitivity is 67.38 pm/m⁻¹ and the maximum acceleration sensitivity is 37.78 pm/g at an offset distance of 45 <span><math><mi>μ</mi></math></span>m. According to the method described above, orthogonal CWFBGs are inscribed at the same position in the single-mode fiber, which overcomes the limitations of the geometry of multi-core fiber (MCF), achieving higher sensitivity than MCF under the same conditions. Additionally, the demodulation of multiple channels does not require a fan-in/fan-out device, reducing the cost of sensing. The findings of this study illustrate that CWFBGs offer highly sensitive 2D vector vibration measurement in a compact form factor, thus holding promising applications in miniaturized vector fiber sensing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"583 ","pages":"Article 131679"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143592391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Colorless coherent OFDM-PON based on an optical frequency comb","authors":"Zhengxuan Li 李正璇,&nbsp;Qinyao Yang 杨勤尧,&nbsp;Yingxiong Song 宋英雄,&nbsp;Acai Tan 谭阿才,&nbsp;Siyu Luo 骆思雨,&nbsp;Bingyao Cao 曹炳尧","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.131700","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.131700","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As data rates in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) passive optical networks (PONs) exceed 50 Gbit/s, coherent reception emerges as a compelling choice, and managing the wavelength of the local oscillator (LO) laser becomes a key challenge in system design. We propose a colorless coherent OFDM-PON architecture using an optical frequency comb (OFC) at the optical line terminal (OLT), allowing the optical network unit (ONU) laser to drift across the comb bandwidth. Experimental results indicate that the proposed architecture enables colorless reception without performance degradation. Additionally, by applying frequency shifting and combining the received signal, the receiver sensitivity of high-bandwidth receivers can be enhanced by approximately 2 dB.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"583 ","pages":"Article 131700"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143619283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beam divergence angle optimization for the compensation of the elliptical pointing error in nanosatellite optical communication","authors":"Hye-Min Park,&nbsp;Young-Jin Hyun,&nbsp;Sang-Kook Han","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.131732","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.131732","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the rapid increase in the deployment of nanosatellites, free-space optical (FSO) communication has become widely utilized to mitigate possible RF interference between inter-satellite links. Failing to optimize the beam for pointing errors during the design phase can result in degraded pointing, acquisition, and tracking (PAT) accuracy or reduced transmission gain. In this study, we analyzed the causes of elliptical pointing errors in nanosatellites and mathematically modeled their elliptical formation. Furthermore, an algorithm for optimizing the beam divergence angle based on given pointing errors is proposed. The proposed algorithm is demonstrated to maximize transmitter gain, enhance the link budget, and significantly improve the performance of optical communication systems. Additionally, the influence of pointing error parameters on the optimization of the beam divergence angle is investigated, providing valuable guidelines for designing optimal beam divergence angles in nanosatellite optical communication systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"583 ","pages":"Article 131732"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143642267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research on high-sensitivity joint bending angle and direction detection sensor based on multi-fiber end-face coupling","authors":"Chong Zhu,&nbsp;Ting Zhou,&nbsp;Zhi-Bin Wang,&nbsp;Ming-Yang Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.131738","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.131738","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the fields of biomedical engineering and intelligent sensing, accurate detection of joint flexion angles and directions holds significant application value. A bending angle detection scheme based on the coupling of single-fiber and multi-fiber within a tube is proposed to achieve simultaneous detection of bending angle and direction. The experimental results show that the output optical power of the optical fiber changes with the bending of the tube, and there is still optical output at the bend angle of 180°. Additionally, the output optical power of the output fiber is correlated with the bending direction, with lower optical loss observed for the output fiber located at the -x direction of the fiber core center. Therefore, the bending direction of the tube can be determined by comparing the output optical loss between fibers. On the other hand, the bending angle can be obtained from the total loss of all output fibers. Experimental results indicate that the sensor possesses high sensitivity of up to 0.181dB/° for the angle range from 0° to 180°, and a linear regression coefficient R² of 0.993. Additionally, experiments conducted with motors and finger joints have demonstrated the excellent reversibility and rapid response capabilities of the proposed angular sensor, thereby indicating its potential as an effective solution for precise monitoring of joint movements.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"583 ","pages":"Article 131738"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143610923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Compact on-chip silicon TM polarizer with ultra-wide bandwidth covering all ITU optical communication bands up to the 2 μm mid-infrared","authors":"Chen Zhang ,&nbsp;Panlai Li ,&nbsp;Wenya Guo ,&nbsp;Ting Feng ,&nbsp;Xiaofei Gu ,&nbsp;Shengbao Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.131737","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.131737","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>On-chip silicon polarizers with broad operating bandwidth and compact footprint have recently attracted increasing attention for their applications in large capacity and high density integrated optical systems. In this paper, we present, to the best of our knowledge, the highest bandwidth TM-pass polarizer based on hybrid plasmonic waveguides engineered with subwavelength gratings. The device's bandwidth spans all ITU-defined optical communication bands. Additionally, by flexibly adjusting the device parameters, the operating bandwidth can be extended into the 2 μm mid-infrared (MIR) region. The use of a rib waveguide structure on a silicon-on-insulator wafer with a thicker silicon device layer enables significant spatial differences between the TE and TM mode field distributions. In regions where the TE mode dominates, Cr metal with high absorption loss is strategically placed, enabling low-loss transmission for the TM mode while rapidly attenuating the TE mode. To validate the design concept, we developed two device configurations with different lengths of 8 μm and 12 μm. Numerical results indicate that for the 8 μm design, the device achieves an operating bandwidth of 748 nm (1148 nm–1896 nm) with an insertion loss (IL) &lt; 1 dB and a polarization extinction ratio (PER) &gt; 20 dB. If the IL requirement is relaxed to 2 dB while maintaining a PER above 20 dB, the operating bandwidth extends to 1189 nm (1141 nm–2330 nm). For the 12 μm design, the device achieves an operating bandwidth of 620 nm (1148 nm–1768 nm) with IL &lt; 1 dB and PER &gt;20 dB. With IL &lt; 3 dB and PER &gt;20 dB, the operating bandwidth reaches 1209 nm (1141 nm–2350 nm). Additionally, we optimized the waveguide structure parameters to design a low-loss configuration around the 2 μm band. This work offers a new approach for creating compact, ultra-broadband on-chip polarizers with potential applications in high-capacity, high-density optical interconnects and optical communication systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"583 ","pages":"Article 131737"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143610924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geometric route solving of the observed parasitic oscillation and analysis of parasitic oscillation suppression in an end-pumped zigzag slab laser","authors":"Shundong Qu ,&nbsp;Yanzhong Chen ,&nbsp;Zecheng Lei ,&nbsp;Yaodong Qi ,&nbsp;Feng Yuan ,&nbsp;Jisi Qiu ,&nbsp;Hao Liu ,&nbsp;Haocheng Wang ,&nbsp;Tianli Yang ,&nbsp;Xue Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhongwei Fan","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.131736","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.131736","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The parasitic oscillations in an end-pumped zigzag slab laser are analyzed. The specific geometric route of the parasitic oscillation observed in experiment is deduced in detail for the first time. A numerical analysis of the gain and loss along the parasitic oscillations route is performed, and the critical condition of parasitic oscillations is calculated. The coating technology is employed to increase the losses along the parasitic oscillations route to suppress parasitic oscillations. The maximum output power of a short resonant cavity of the slab module and the maximum small signal gain of the slab amplifier increase by 21.4% and 17.4% after the suppression of parasitic oscillations, respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"583 ","pages":"Article 131736"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143637186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TCM-16QAM in nonlinear fiber transmissions","authors":"Yifan Chen ,&nbsp;Fan Li ,&nbsp;Jianjun Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.131734","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.131734","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We investigate the advantages and challenges associated with the implementation of trellis-coded modulation 16-ary quadrature amplitude modulation (TCM-16QAM) in optical fiber transmissions. Despite the potential benefits of enhanced sensitivity and spectral efficiency with TCM-QAM, fiber nonlinearity can compromise its performance at higher launch powers into optical fibers. This is mainly attributed to nonlinear noise and inter-symbol interference exacerbating burst errors post-Viterbi decoding. To address this challenge, we propose a low-complexity symbol-level block interleaving technique based on a simple transpose operation. This method disperses consecutive erroneous symbols into isolated ones, thereby reducing burst errors output from the Viterbi decoder. We first validate the proposed symbol-level method through simulations of polarization-division multiplexed (PDM) signals over 12 × 80-km standard single-mode fiber (SSMF). TCM-16QAM with interleaving depths of 2, 4, and 16 achieves a coding gain of 0.76–1.08 dB at a bit error rate (BER) of 1 × 10⁻³, while the launch power tolerance increases from 1.39 to 1.97 dB in the nonlinear transmission region compared to conventional 8 phase shift keying (8PSK) modulation with the same spectral efficiency. Furthermore, we perform experimental transmissions employing 32-GBaud PDM signals over 3 × 80-km SSMF. The experimental results reveal that in the nonlinear transmission region, TCM-16QAM with interleaving depths of 4 and 16 can achieve the launch power tolerance improvements of 0.48 dB and 0.67 dB, respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"583 ","pages":"Article 131734"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143610922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A high-fidelity PGC-Arctan demodulation algorithm employing an extended Kalman filter and a combined modulation","authors":"Gang Zhang ,&nbsp;Shuhan Wang ,&nbsp;Xinyu Wang ,&nbsp;Jianhui Zhu ,&nbsp;Linguang Xu ,&nbsp;Qiang Ge","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.131733","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.131733","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ellipse fitting algorithms (EFAs) utilizing the traditional least squares method (LSM) are not robust in nonlinear systems and even fail when the input elliptic arc is short. To address the challenges, we propose a high-fidelity phase generated carrier (PGC) demodulation algorithm integrating the arctangent method, an extended Kalman filter (EKF) and a combined modulation. The EKF derives optimal state estimation from the nonlinear system by linearizing nonlinear functions, resulting in high accuracy in ellipse fitting. The laser undergoes internal modulation via a combination of low and high frequencies, which not only generates a phase carrier but also induces a large low frequency phase shift in the interferometric sensors. This shift guarantees the Lissajous arc length, thereby preventing fitting failures. The experimental results demonstrate that the EFA employing EKF is consistently superior to that utilizing LSM by comparing the eccentricities of the corrected Lissajous figures. Notably, the proposed algorithm has never failed due to the presence of the low frequency modulation. The average signal-to-noise-and-distortion of the demodulated signal of the proposed algorithm is 62.04 dB in the carrier modulation depth range of 1.5–3.0 rad, which is 46.79 dB higher than that of the PGC-LSM-Arctan demodulation algorithm. The proposed algorithm has promising application prospects in fiber optic sensors as it can effectively eliminate the nonlinear errors and has high robustness.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"583 ","pages":"Article 131733"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143601527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rare-earth doped Bi4Ge3O12 crystals: Advances in growth techniques and luminescence properties for laser applications","authors":"Jie Xu ,&nbsp;Yannick Guyot ,&nbsp;Jian Liu ,&nbsp;Xiaodong Xu ,&nbsp;Jun Xu ,&nbsp;Kheirreddine Lebbou ,&nbsp;Richard Moncorgé","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.131730","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.131730","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Trivalent rare-earth (RE) ion-doped Bi₄Ge₃O₁₂ (BGO) crystals exhibit exceptional potentialities for laser applications owing to their favorable emission characteristics, superior optical/thermo-mechanical properties, and non-hygroscopic nature. This review systematically summarizes recent progresses in the growth techniques and luminescence properties of RE³⁺ (Nd³⁺, Er³⁺, Tm³⁺, Ho³⁺, Pr³⁺)-doped BGO crystals. We critically analyze four dominant growth techniquess, such as Czochralski, Micro-pulling-down (μ-PD), Floating zone, and Bridgman-Stockbarger, thus highlighting their suitability for achieving high-quality single crystals. Detailed spectroscopic investigations reveal that Nd³⁺-doped BGO leads to efficient continuous-wave lasing at 1064 nm, while Pr³⁺ and Er³⁺ co-dopings enable multi-wavelength emissions spanning visible to mid-infrared regions. Challenges in suppressing non-radiative transitions and optimizing dopant concentrations for laser performance are discussed, providing a roadmap for future research in advanced optoelectronic devices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"583 ","pages":"Article 131730"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143610925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}