Open Journal of Biological Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Isolation and characterization of probiotic bacteria from fruit pulp, screening of probiotic properties and production of bacteriocin and probiotic curd","authors":"Kamaliya Dhanvanti B, Javia Bhumi M, Gadhvi Megha S, Dudhagara Dushyant R","doi":"10.17352/ojbs.000036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17352/ojbs.000036","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was investigated to isolate probiotic lactic acid bacteria from Actinidia deliciosa (kiwi fruit) pulp. A total of eight isolates were found and two of them were probiotic LAB strains. The both A2 and A5 isolates strains were Gram-positive, catalase and oxidase negative, non-spore forming, non-motile, rod or short cocci shaped bacteria. The A2 and A5 strains both survived well in conditions of low pH, 0.4% phenol and high bile salt concentrations. They could grow at different temperatures and were resistant to different NaCl concentrations. A study was also conducted on the various probiotic and safety attributes of isolates. Bacteriocins, a kind of ribosomal protein produced by LAB, were estimated using the Folin-Lowery method. The formation of bacteriocins was influenced by various physical and chemical factors. The result demonstrates that the optimum conditions for the production of bacteriocins by the A2 strain were glucose as carbon source, pH 6.5, 2% NaCl and 1% bile salts. For the A5 strain, sucrose as a carbon source, pH 6.5, 1% NaCl and 1% bile salt were optimum conditions for bacteriocin production. Study was also conducted on exopolysaccharide (EPS) production, adhesion characteristics, antagonistic activity and antibiotic sensitivity. Probiotic curd (Dahi) formation was done and several parameters of curd like pH, total lactic acid concentration and water-holding capacity were all investigated.","PeriodicalId":19569,"journal":{"name":"Open Journal of Biological Sciences","volume":"148 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72675804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the toxicity of aqueous extracts of Aframomum melegueta, Picralima nitida, and Garcinia cola in Wistar rats","authors":"Tjb Kabongo, LA Luvingisa, MP Ngoie, M. Musuyu, M. Musunga, MW Kabamba, PP Pyana","doi":"10.17352/ojbs.000035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17352/ojbs.000035","url":null,"abstract":"In order to determine the risks to human health associated with the use of certain medicinal plants, including Aframomum melegueta, Garcinia kola and Picralima nitida in a preclinical evaluation of the resistance, a pool of these three aqueous extracts was given once daily for ten days by gavage in Wistar rats. Haematological and biochemical analyzes after oral administration revealed a decrease in certain hepatic biomarkers such as glucose, Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT), etc., and renal biomarkers such as urea, creatinine, and creatinine kinase); increase in certain biomarkers such as Aspartate Transaminase (AST), an indicator of kidney and liver capacity.","PeriodicalId":19569,"journal":{"name":"Open Journal of Biological Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90010307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Some aspects of physiological studies of two reef building corals in the red sea","authors":"Floos Yahya AM, AAl-Sofyani Abdulmohsin","doi":"10.17352/ojbs.000034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17352/ojbs.000034","url":null,"abstract":"Some aspects of the physiology of the corals Seriatopora hystrix and Lobophyllia corymbosa described in this paper. At the study site, the lowest mean of seawater temperature is 27.42 °C and 27.17 °C at 5m and 10m depths respectively during winter, while the maximum mean of seawater temperature was 32.67 °C and 31.17 °C in 5 m and 10 m depths respectively during summer. L. corymbosa, had a lower number of zooxanthellae 0.05×105 , 0.43×105 , 0.06×105 and 0.46×105 mg-1 dry tissue weight than S. hystrix 0.19 ×105 , 5.1 ×105 , 0.27×105 and 9.59×105 mg-1 dry tissue weight in two season and two depths respectively. The mean respiration rate of whole colonies of S. hystrix was higher than that of L. corymbosa at the same depths both in summer and winter. The mean dark respiration rate decreases with increasing depths. The mean photosynthesis vs irradiance curves of S. hystrix and L. corymbosa were plotted to the hyperbolic tangent function (Chalker,1981) for summer and winter season. The growth rate was linear during each period of measurement during summer, the highest mean daily skeletal growth rate of S. hystrix was 2.3 ± 1.3 (20) mg.skel.d-1 in 10m depth and it was 1.6 ± 0.5 (21) mg .skel.d-1 at 5m depth. Whilst during winter, the lowest was 1.9 ± 0.96 (20) mg .skel. d-1 at 10m and also lowest (1.5 ± 0.7 (20) mg .skel. d-1) at 5m depth. The growth rate of the two species was lower in the winter than in summer.","PeriodicalId":19569,"journal":{"name":"Open Journal of Biological Sciences","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84237861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Updates in management of abdominal sepsis","authors":"de Araujo Borges Mirla Fontes, de Sousa Lacerda Roosveni, de Sousa Oliveira Igor, Ferreira Sávio Benvindo","doi":"10.17352/ojbs.000033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17352/ojbs.000033","url":null,"abstract":"Sepsis is an organ dysfunction caused by a disproportionate host response to infection. The condition is responsible for 1 in every 3 admissions to an intensive care unit (ICU) and about 6 million deaths worldwide. As a result of the imbalance in the inflammatory response, immune dysfunction, mitochondrial damage and other pathophysiological processes, sepsis progresses extremely. This research aimed to search the literature for updates inherent to the therapeutic approach of patients with diseases secondary to intra-abdominal sepsis. The present work is a narrative review with a bibliographical survey carried out in the PUBMED and Virtual Health Library (VHL) research bases, through the search strategy using the following descriptors, in both virtual libraries: “sepsis OR surviving sepsis” AND “intra abdominal infection” AND “therapeutic”. At the end of reading the articles in full, ten papers were selected, from which it was observed that new recommendations regarding volume operative source control, and use of additional therapies therapy. The open abdomen technique is being further explored, as well as more in-depth studies on new drugs for this condition, such as acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, and the use of glucocorticoids became contraindicated, due to low scientific evidence. Therefore, it is concluded that, as it is a medical emergency with high mortality, it is relevant to develop scientific research aimed at the effectiveness, feasibility and safety of new forms of management.","PeriodicalId":19569,"journal":{"name":"Open Journal of Biological Sciences","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73786996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Literature Review of International Bioeconomy Strategies","authors":"Jiang Tian-Hang, Yang Meng","doi":"10.17352/ojbs.000032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17352/ojbs.000032","url":null,"abstract":"Since the 21st century, developed countries have paid increasing attention to bioeconomy strategies. In particular, since the spread of the New Crown Pneumonia epidemic, global biotechnology has surged, and the impact of significant public health and safety events has continued to escalate. Bioeconomy strategies have received unprecedented attention. In this context, sorting out and studying international bioeconomy strategies is essential. Therefore, this paper reviews selected national bioeconomy strategies and explored their characteristics.","PeriodicalId":19569,"journal":{"name":"Open Journal of Biological Sciences","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73550275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Population analysis and spring count of the number of geese in the Amur region (Russian Federation)","authors":"Senchik Aleksandr, Kolischuk Sergey, Pavlov Andrey","doi":"10.17352/ojbs.000031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17352/ojbs.000031","url":null,"abstract":"Hunting for waterfowl is the most massive for amateur hunters in Russia. Hunting starts in spring and autumn, and the largest number of hunters take part in it, due to its popularity, low economic cost for hunters, as well as the possibility of using a hunting dog. In this regard, the role of counting waterfowl in autumn is important. The organization and conduct of accounting work should be carried out by hunting organizations annually, within certain calendar terms, and at a high-quality level.","PeriodicalId":19569,"journal":{"name":"Open Journal of Biological Sciences","volume":"103 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77052519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Histological characterization of sexual reproduction in the coral Pocillopora damicornis (Coelenterata: Scleractinia) from the Red Sea","authors":"Floos Yahya AM","doi":"10.17352/ojbs.000030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17352/ojbs.000030","url":null,"abstract":"The scleractinian coral is common along the Red Sea coast, and its reproductive mode and period of reproduction were assessed using histological preparations. the sexuality, and reproductive mod timing of reproductive of pocillopora damicornis from adjacent to the fringing reefs of the Ubhur Creek in the Red Sea, were assessed using a serial histological section. Sexual reproduction in pocillopora damicornis a shallow water hermatypic coral was studied from December 2011 to November 2012. pocillopora damicornis is a simultaneous hermaphrodite with ovary and testis in the project into the body cavity on the same mesentery. Sperm and eggs were usually released simultaneously from the same polyp. The onset of the reproductive period of pocillopora damicornis was found to be limited (April to May). In the number of eggs and testes observed in this period, the gonads were found in the polyps. The pocillopora damicornis egg size ranged from 49.80 µm (in March) to 125.0 µm (in May). Four stages were chosen, to reflect very immature ovaries, the early stages of oocyte development, ova near maturity, and mature ova, and also four distinct stages of sperm development were identified. The state of gonads development (eg. testis and eggs) was measured by a calibrated eyepiece micrometer of a compound light microscope. Zooxanthellae were presented in the mature oocytes in pocillopora damicornis. This study aimed to examine the reproduction mode and timing of pocillopora damicornis.","PeriodicalId":19569,"journal":{"name":"Open Journal of Biological Sciences","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74063111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An assessment of indigenous knowledge of apitherapy in the Oromia region, Ethiopia","authors":"G. Meseret, Kebebe Deressa, Demto Teferi","doi":"10.17352/ojbs.000029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17352/ojbs.000029","url":null,"abstract":"Apitherapy is the use of bee products such as honey, pollen, propolis, royal jelly, bee venom, and wax is used to prevent or treat illness and promote healing. The objectives of this study are to assess and document indigenous knowledge on the medicinal values of bee products in Ethiopia and generate baseline information on indigenous practices of the medicinal value of beehive products for further study. This study was conducted in beekeeping potential areas of Oromia Regional state by selecting seven zones and from each zone two districts and a total of 14 districts (Woreda) based on their potential for beekeeping, the existence of long-aged bee-keepers and accessibility. using a purposive sampling method and questionnaires were distributed to the elders and well-known traditional healers of the study areas. In answering the questionnaires 22-100 ages dwellers or respondents participated. The survey was conducted in 7 zones namely Jimma, Ilu ababora, West wollega, East wollega, East Shoa, West shoa, and Buno Bedele. Simple descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data obtained by collected questionnaires. The result of the study showed that 49.3% of Apis mellifera honey and 31.9% of stingless bee honey, majorly used bee products for apitherapy, and 70.3 % of the bee products used using traditional collection method. According to this study’s results, the traditional drug was prepared from honey in liquid form which comprises the biggest portion mark of 63.4% of respondents. The majority of the respondents strongly agree with bee products as a treatment for different diseases such as asthma, cough, common cold, TB, and wounds. A major challenge faced during using of bee products as medicine is the absence of awareness of apitherapy as it was reported by 28.8%. of the respondents. Thus, it can be concluded that bee products are well-known apitherapy in the Oromia region and it was recommended that awareness creation of bee products as apitherapy and further research on the medicinal value of beehive products for confirmation as medicine for different diseases since it may be a solution for various diseases resisting modern drugs.","PeriodicalId":19569,"journal":{"name":"Open Journal of Biological Sciences","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85996284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Screening and selection of Brachiaria brizantha accessions for forage values under irrigation at Wondo Genet, Sidama, Ethiopia","authors":"Getiso Aman, Mijena Diribi, Shanku Edao","doi":"10.17352/ojbs.000028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17352/ojbs.000028","url":null,"abstract":"The experiment was conducted to evaluate different Brachiaria brizantha accessions at the Wondo genet agricultural research center to identify species/accessions so as to use the better performing ecotype for wider distribution among livestock producer communities in the country. Seven Brachiaria grass accessions (B. brizantha, 13151; B. brizantha, 13368; B. brizantha, 13653; B. brizantha, 16550; B. humidicola, 9222; B. brizantha, 13379 and B. mutica,) were used as treatments in randomized complete block design with three replications. The overall dry matter yield for B. humidicola, 9222 (5.95t/ha), and B. mutica, (5.61t/ha) accessions didn’t show a significant difference (p > 0.05) but significantly (p < 0.05) lower than all other accessions. Mean plant heights for the accessions were significantly different (p < 0.05) throughout the harvesting cycle period and overall yield with a lower plant height of B. mutica (63.2 cm) while non-significant (p > 0.05) overall mean height was recorded among other accessions. B. brizantha, 13151; B. brizantha, 13368; B. brizantha, 13653; B. brizantha, 16550 and B. brizantha, 13379 accessions outperformed in terms of overall dry matter yield. Further studies on agronomic performances of promising B. brizantha accessions under on-farm conditions and nutritional evaluation involving live-animal experiments are recommended.","PeriodicalId":19569,"journal":{"name":"Open Journal of Biological Sciences","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84461628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Salute to Semyon M. Hertz (1947-2020), an outstanding engineer-radio physicist, his social life and contribution to photosynthetic science","authors":"Biel Karl Y, Fomina Irina R","doi":"10.17352/ojbs.000027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17352/ojbs.000027","url":null,"abstract":"The article is dedicated to the memory of Semyon M. Hertz, a talented radiophysicist engineer and remarkable person who left us prematurely at the age of 74. He devoted most of his scientific activities to biology, primarily phototrophic organisms, using radionuclide substances. The main achievements in the study of photosynthesis made thanks to his physical and mathematical calculations and engineering developments, are described. The ability to overcome difficulties, fortitude, vitality, and optimism of Semyon Hertz were noted.","PeriodicalId":19569,"journal":{"name":"Open Journal of Biological Sciences","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74313785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}