Open Archaeology最新文献_第3页

Arab Migration During Early Islam: The Seventh to Eighth Century AD from an Archaeological Perspective 伊斯兰早期的阿拉伯移民：从考古学角度看公元七至八世纪

IF 0.8 3区历史学

Open Archaeology Pub Date : 2023-12-29 DOI: 10.1515/opar-2022-0342

Hagit Nol

{"title":"Arab Migration During Early Islam: The Seventh to Eighth Century AD from an Archaeological Perspective","authors":"Hagit Nol","doi":"10.1515/opar-2022-0342","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/opar-2022-0342","url":null,"abstract":"The topic of Arab migration during the medieval period has occupied many modern historians. The evidence for migration in chronicles and geographies, however, is quite thin. This article looks at these texts as well as at contemporary “archaeological texts” (inscriptions and papyri documents) and archaeology. Each of these sources provides different information under different limitations which sometimes correlates with another. One main focus of the article is the ability of archaeology to answer – alone – the question about Arab migration. For that purpose, two archaeological models are proposed. One model highlights the link between the material culture of two regions (origin and destination) in two sequent times and its evolvement in the destination. The other model points to continuous links between origin and destination and the evolvement of material culture in the origin. The models are compared to a number of case studies from the early Islamic period (seventh to tenth century AD) in the Levant, Spain, and additional regions. The case studies present innovations which might reflect migrants: irrigation methods, specific forms of architecture, production techniques of portable artifacts, and evidence for a new confession – Islam. While the archaeological records of early Islam are often too limited to answer most of the models’ criteria, two case studies seem promising: soapstone pots/bowls and early Muslim burials. Both cases imply the migration of people from the Arabian Peninsula elsewhere in the eighth or even the seventh century.","PeriodicalId":19532,"journal":{"name":"Open Archaeology","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139067323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Site Groß Fredenwalde, NE-Germany, and the Early Cemeteries of Northern Europe 德国东北部 Groß Fredenwalde 遗址与北欧早期墓地

IF 0.8 3区历史学

Open Archaeology Pub Date : 2023-12-29 DOI: 10.1515/opar-2022-0348

Andreas Kotula, Thomas Terberger, Bettina Jungklaus, Henny Piezonka, Thomas Schenk, Franz Schopper

引用次数: 0

Landscapes of Movement Along the (Pre)Historical Libyan Sea: Keys for a Socio-Ecological History 沿（前）历史上的利比亚海的运动景观：社会生态史的钥匙

IF 0.8 3区历史学

Open Archaeology Pub Date : 2023-12-28 DOI: 10.1515/opar-2022-0346

David Laguna-Palma, Pablo Barruezo-Vaquero

{"title":"Landscapes of Movement Along the (Pre)Historical Libyan Sea: Keys for a Socio-Ecological History","authors":"David Laguna-Palma, Pablo Barruezo-Vaquero","doi":"10.1515/opar-2022-0346","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/opar-2022-0346","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines the influence of Human Ecodynamics and Historical Ecology to understand the complexities of historical mobility. Based on Landscape Archaeology, this study considers some of these theoretical principles for studying and reconstructing the movements of past human populations. This discussion is grounded on the example of a research project focused on modelling movement and interaction patterns between the Aegean area (Crete) and northeastern African region (Marmarica) from the Late Bronze to Roman times. The project works with multivariate data representative of the routes and non-human factors that may interplay in biocultural processes. Three key aspects structure this article: (1) the emergence of Human Ecodynamics and Historical Ecology in archaeology, (2) their impact on the theoretical evolution of Landscape Archaeology, and (3) the methodological implementation of these principles through a case study. We specifically discuss the strengths of Human Ecodynamics and Historical Ecology to enhance the conceptualisation of mobility by considering the heterarchical interrelationships between human and non-human agents. Our methodological implementations showcase this by using computational approaches to model human pathways influenced by and in constant relationship with their environment. This research thus highlights the importance of transdisciplinary approaches to studying historical mobility from an archaeological and complex systems perspective.","PeriodicalId":19532,"journal":{"name":"Open Archaeology","volume":"97 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139067977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Synopsis of a Treasure. A Transdisciplinary Study of Medieval Gold Workings Biographies 宝藏简介跨学科研究中世纪黄金加工传记

IF 0.8 3区历史学

Open Archaeology Pub Date : 2023-12-25 DOI: 10.1515/opar-2022-0336

Stefania Martiniello, Antonella Capitanio, Claudia Sciuto, Stefano Legnaioli, Simona Raneri

{"title":"Synopsis of a Treasure. A Transdisciplinary Study of Medieval Gold Workings Biographies","authors":"Stefania Martiniello, Antonella Capitanio, Claudia Sciuto, Stefano Legnaioli, Simona Raneri","doi":"10.1515/opar-2022-0336","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/opar-2022-0336","url":null,"abstract":"The article aims to show how a transdisciplinary approach can contribute to a better understanding of the composite biography of a precious object. The study focuses on the Cintola del Duomo (Museum of the Opera del Duomo, Pisa), one of the most famous objects in the history of goldsmithing, both for its exceptional manufacturing quality and for its devotional value. For a long time, the Cintola was considered a fragment of a long garland – decorated with precious stones, enamel, and silver plates – that was displayed on the façade of the Cathedral on certain days of the liturgical calendar. Detailed historical studies suggested that the garland was lost in the early 1300s, while the object now in the museum is more likely to be a reconstruction, decorated with ancient and modern gems. In situ diagnostic campaigns were carried out on the garland using portable Raman spectroscopy (i-Raman, B&W Tek) and portable X-Ray fluorescnece (XRF) (Elio, Bruker) to reveal the identity of the gems and enamels preliminarily studied by gemmological analysis. The combination of analytical techniques made it possible to better outline the complex history of the artefacts. The analysis provided information on the identity of the gems, proposing an interesting question about their possible relationship with the crown of Henry VII of Luxembourg (in the same museum). The study includes aspects related to the materiality of the objects, revealing the socio-cultural context in which the object was produced and supporting its recontextualisation in the museum as a symbolic representation of the past.","PeriodicalId":19532,"journal":{"name":"Open Archaeology","volume":"95 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139054249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Presenting Archaeoacoustics Results Using Multimedia and VR Technologies 利用多媒体和 VR 技术展示考古声学成果

IF 0.8 3区历史学

Open Archaeology Pub Date : 2023-12-22 DOI: 10.1515/opar-2022-0340

Rupert Till

{"title":"Presenting Archaeoacoustics Results Using Multimedia and VR Technologies","authors":"Rupert Till","doi":"10.1515/opar-2022-0340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/opar-2022-0340","url":null,"abstract":"Music and sound cannot be experienced through writing and numbers. Writing freezes time onto paper; as a time-based medium, sound cannot be heard without temporal motion, and acoustic metrics are silent data. For a complete experience of sound, it needs to engage our bodies. Digital multimedia technologies offer powerful approaches to understanding the acoustics of the past, and this work will explore a number of those affordances. In particular, this work explores the use of apps that illustrate archaeoacoustic effects, set digitally within visual and acoustic archaeological cultures. The ways of immersing audiences through projection, acoustic simulation, field and studio recordings, and musical performance will be discussed. The use of virtual reality (VR) headsets is explored to create a sense of deep-flow and presence amongst audiences, total immersion in an experiential phenomenological understanding of interacting audio and visual fields, as well as setting such results within an appropriate context. This study will examine how acoustics results at caves in Northern Spain, in various phases of Stonehenge, and at Paphos Theatre (all World Heritage Sites) can be explored using VR and multimedia technologies, evaluating the comparative advantages of the use of different technologies. It proposes that such integration of visual and sonic modelling using interactive digital technologies is effective as a non-representational theory approach to compliment empirical studies, allowing understanding that goes beyond numerical analysis and binary dialectics to engage directly with the material of archaeological sites in an embodied manner, and address the real-world complexities of acoustic ecologies and their contexts.","PeriodicalId":19532,"journal":{"name":"Open Archaeology","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139029237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pressure Flakers of Late Neolithic Forest Hunter-Gatherer-Fishers of Eastern Europe and Their Remote Counterparts 东欧新石器时代晚期森林狩猎-采集-捕鱼者的压力剥皮器及其遥远的对应物

IF 0.8 3区历史学

Open Archaeology Pub Date : 2023-12-21 DOI: 10.1515/opar-2022-0349

Ekaterina Kashina, Anton Simonenko, Mikhail Zhilin

引用次数: 0

The Ugly Duckling: Understanding the Making of an Early Copper Age Atypical Ceramic Vessel from the Great Hungarian Plain 丑小鸭了解匈牙利大平原出土的早期铜器时代非典型陶器的制作过程

IF 0.8 3区历史学

Open Archaeology Pub Date : 2023-12-20 DOI: 10.1515/opar-2022-0343

Eszter Solnay, Attila Kreiter, Márton Szilágyi

引用次数: 0

Transport, Interaction, and Connectivity 运输、互动和连接

IF 0.8 3区历史学

Open Archaeology Pub Date : 2023-12-20 DOI: 10.1515/opar-2022-0347

Oliver Nakoinz

引用次数: 0

An Invention Shading Light to the Socio-History of Bonneuil Quarry Basin: The Roadheaders with Rotating Drill Bits 为 Bonneuil 采石盆地的社会历史带来曙光的发明：带旋转钻头的掘进机

IF 0.8 3区历史学

Open Archaeology Pub Date : 2023-12-16 DOI: 10.1515/opar-2022-0333

Anaïs Lamesa, Jean-Pierre Gély, Guy Launay

{"title":"An Invention Shading Light to the Socio-History of Bonneuil Quarry Basin: The Roadheaders with Rotating Drill Bits","authors":"Anaïs Lamesa, Jean-Pierre Gély, Guy Launay","doi":"10.1515/opar-2022-0333","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/opar-2022-0333","url":null,"abstract":"The Bonneuil quarry basin is located in the North-East of Paris; it played a role in the well-known stone trade for Paris and its surroundings in the nineteenth and the beginning of the twentieth centuries. Stonecutters of this area mainly used the extraction with the lance, a long iron spin bear by a scaffolding. This tool helped the quarrymen speed up their work allowing them to be competitive in trading. At the end of the 1930s, Martial Lefèvre, a wealthy owner of quarries in the Bonneuil’s basin, created a machine, roadheaders with rotating drill bits, following the movement of his quarrymen using the lance. The story of this machine was also involved in the Second World War and the occupation of France. Merging modern archaeology, history, and archaeology of technique, the aim of this paper is to explore the transition between hand tools and mechanical tools through the chaîne opératoire filter, a subject that is currently little studied. It also crossed the path of the delicate story of a small industry during one of the most events in France, the Second World War. Using it as an example, this article questions the status of these quarries during and after this main event.","PeriodicalId":19532,"journal":{"name":"Open Archaeology","volume":"99 2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138690562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Materiality of Plaster Vessels: The Problem of Southwest Asian Neolithic White Ware 石膏容器的物质性：西南亚新石器时代的白陶问题

IF 0.8 3区历史学

Open Archaeology Pub Date : 2023-12-14 DOI: 10.1515/opar-2022-0332

Bonnie Nilhamn

{"title":"Materiality of Plaster Vessels: The Problem of Southwest Asian Neolithic White Ware","authors":"Bonnie Nilhamn","doi":"10.1515/opar-2022-0332","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/opar-2022-0332","url":null,"abstract":"The study of plaster vessels, white ware, from the Late Neolithic Southwest Asia (7000–5000 cal BC) is an untapped source that can provide us with valuable insights into the earliest development of pyrotechnology and Neolithic society. This plaster material is not well known and has not been involved in many studies. Using a symmetrical approach for the case study of plaster ware at Tell Sabi Abyad in Upper Mesopotamia, this article argues that it is crucial to acknowledge materiality in the study of these vessels. The ware resembles pottery in shape, typology, and basic function but is far from it material-wise and in its chaîne opératoire. The material plaster is also often misunderstood and associated primarily with architecture. Therefore, plaster ware stands at the crossroads between being observed as a copy of ceramics and being recognized as portable architecture. This article calls for an interdisciplinary approach, balancing the exact sciences of archaeometry and the theory of materiality. It will also address problems concerning terminology; it proposes replacing the term white ware with “plaster ware” as the most appropriate title for this ware because it can be better understood by a wider audience outside the discipline.","PeriodicalId":19532,"journal":{"name":"Open Archaeology","volume":"99 4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138690830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0