Open Engineering最新文献

Effect of adverse slope on performance of USBR II stilling basin 逆坡对USBR II型消力池性能的影响

Open Engineering Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1515/eng-2022-0469

Layla Ali Mohammed Saleh, Saleh Issa Khassaf

{"title":"Effect of adverse slope on performance of USBR II stilling basin","authors":"Layla Ali Mohammed Saleh, Saleh Issa Khassaf","doi":"10.1515/eng-2022-0469","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/eng-2022-0469","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article focuses on the United States Bureau of Reclamation (USBR) Type II stilling basin, which has chute blocks, an end dentated sill, and a flat floor. USBR provides general design criteria to contain the hydraulic jump within the stilling basin. The sequent depth ratio, energy dissipation ratio, and stilling basin dimensions of the hydraulic jump are changed when the bed slope of USBR II stilling basins is changed. This study aimed to investigate the effects of adverse slope on the performance of USBR II stilling basin in terms of sequent depth ratio and energy dissipation. Six discharges ranging from 8 to 33 lps were applied to the USBR II stilling basin with bed slopes ( S ) of −0.085, −0.055, −0.035, and 0. Results demonstrated that for Q = 13 and 8 lps, the basin performs better than other models with S = −0.085, increasing energy dissipation by about 10% compared to a typical basin due to the formation of a free hydraulic jump downstream dentated end sill. On the other hand, the floor downstream of the dentated end sill needs more protection against this free jump, and this case becomes economically expensive. In other cases, the downstream jump was submerged, resulting in a counterintuitive current and reverse roller based on the submerged ratio, reducing the effectiveness of the stilling basin. In addition, the modified design of the stilling basin resulted in a shorter effective length that included the hydraulic jump downstream spillway, thereby reducing internal friction. As a result, the standard USBR II with a flatbed is less expensive and more efficient than the adverse slope basin.","PeriodicalId":19512,"journal":{"name":"Open Engineering","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136258932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Risk management based on the best value approach and its application in conditions of the Czech Republic 基于最佳价值方法的风险管理及其在捷克共和国的应用

IF 1.7

Open Engineering Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1515/eng-2022-0438

P. Marvan, V. Hromádka, E. Vítková

引用次数: 0

Human factors in aviation: Fatigue management in ramp workers 航空中的人为因素：停机坪工作人员的疲劳管理

IF 1.7

Open Engineering Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1515/eng-2022-0411

Carlota Morais, J. Ribeiro, Jorge Silva

引用次数: 0

Improvement of CBR of gypsum subgrade soil by cement kiln dust and granulated blast-furnace slag 水泥窑粉尘和矿渣颗粒改善石膏路基土的CBR

IF 1.7

Open Engineering Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1515/eng-2022-0397

Asaad Mohammed Baqir Al-Gharrawi, Tawfek Sheer Ali, A. K. Alzerjawi, M. K. Fakhraldin, H. A. Abdul-Husain

引用次数: 0

Dislocated time sequences – deep neural network for broken bearing diagnosis 错位时间序列的深度神经网络故障诊断

IF 1.7

Open Engineering Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1515/eng-2022-0402

Pramudyana Agus Harlianto, T. B. Adji, N. A. Setiawan

引用次数: 0

Research on dynamical properties of a three-wheeled electric vehicle from the point of view of driving safety 从驾驶安全角度研究三轮电动汽车的动力特性

IF 1.7

Open Engineering Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1515/eng-2022-0441

M. Blatnický, J. Dižo, Andrej Suchánek, P. Šťastniak

{"title":"Research on dynamical properties of a three-wheeled electric vehicle from the point of view of driving safety","authors":"M. Blatnický, J. Dižo, Andrej Suchánek, P. Šťastniak","doi":"10.1515/eng-2022-0441","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/eng-2022-0441","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Many vehicles in urban and suburban environment are occupied just by one passenger, i.e. by a driver. Therefore, it is worth to think about vehicles, which would be smaller and lighter and which would include environmental-friendly power source. One such vehicle is the presented three-wheeled electric vehicle. This vehicle is designed for one passenger and it is powered by an ecologic electric powertrain. Therefore, it is necessary to research its driving properties. There are two types of vehicle designs, an original design and a modified design with a reworked body. Both are characterised by the symmetrical distribution of the mass to the longitudinal axis. In terms of driving properties of the vehicle, overturning stability during cornering and vertical dynamics in terms of safety are assessed for both original and modified designs. The article presents the main description of the original and modified designs of the three-wheeled vehicle and results from simulation computations focused on analysis of the over-turning stability. It has been revealed that the original vehicle, which is lighter, has better dynamical properties in curves with regards to driving and the higher total weight of the modified vehicle is safer in terms of vertical dynamics.","PeriodicalId":19512,"journal":{"name":"Open Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49542938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Seismic evaluation cylindrical concrete shells 圆柱形混凝土壳体的抗震评估

IF 1.7

Open Engineering Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1515/eng-2022-0417

A. M. Hammood, David A. M. Jawad

{"title":"Seismic evaluation cylindrical concrete shells","authors":"A. M. Hammood, David A. M. Jawad","doi":"10.1515/eng-2022-0417","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/eng-2022-0417","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The reasons for concrete roof shells’ apparent seismic resistance have been subject to limited research but they have been shown to be inherently resilient to earthquakes. Shells constructed of concrete exhibit high structural efficiency and can therefore be made very thin. As a result of their relatively lightweight nature, thin shell structures are implicitly resistant to earthquake forces. The shell structure is typically designed so that it performs optimally under gravity loads, which are carried mainly by membrane action over the shell surface. As earthquakes induce unexpected horizontal forces, concrete shell structures can be damaged by bending stresses. By studying 8 cm-thick concrete roof shells using parametric analysis, this research shows that small and midsized (span <30 m) thin concrete roof shells can indeed be intrinsically earthquake resistant. These structures have high geometric stiffness and low mass, which results in fundamental frequencies far higher than those of realistic seismic events. Under earthquake excitation, these characteristics result in elastic shell behavior, without exceeding the maximum concrete strength. A shallow shell exhibits greater stress in response to earthquake vibrations caused by the vertical components than by horizontal components. Further, by increasing the rise and curvature of large shells, the fundamental frequency increases and the damaging effect of vertical earthquake vibration is reduced. The aim of this study in general is to show the analysis and the effect of earthquakes on cylindrical concrete shells.","PeriodicalId":19512,"journal":{"name":"Open Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49614557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Experimental and numerical evaluation of tire rubber powder effectiveness for reducing seepage rate in earth dams 轮胎胶粉对土坝减渗效果的试验与数值评价

IF 1.7

Open Engineering Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1515/eng-2022-0422

Zahraa Khalid Shuhaib, S. Khassaf

{"title":"Experimental and numerical evaluation of tire rubber powder effectiveness for reducing seepage rate in earth dams","authors":"Zahraa Khalid Shuhaib, S. Khassaf","doi":"10.1515/eng-2022-0422","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/eng-2022-0422","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Tires waste is an undesirable urban industry surplus that has grown worldwide yearly. Because of its seals, this material may be used in earth dams, one option for disposing of this waste. Since this is the main objective of this study, an experiment on a soil sample with various ratios of rubber powder has been conducted to better comprehend the impact of tire rubber powder (TRP) on the seepage rate in earthen dams. This study used physical and numerical models to investigate seepage through earth dams. Analysis indicates that the plotted seepage line in SEEP/W software was comparable to the observed seepage line in the physical model. TRP was tested at concentrations of 15, 30, and 50%. The research demonstrates that there has been a noticeable improvement in reducing the seepage rate through the dam’s body; seepage was decreased by 11.28% when a 15% ratio was adopted, a far smaller impact than the other percentages. The proportion was consequently raised to 30%. The seepage rate was found to be reduced by 35.6%, and TRP with a 50% ratio showed excellent behavior in lowering the water level (phreatic line) from the core point to the downstream face D/S and reducing the seepage rate by 41.5%, producing significantly better results. The findings in SEEP/W software indicate that the relative error in seepage rate varies, averaging 11.8% for the first model, 12.18% for the second, 1.65% for the third, and 7.63% for the fourth. The first and second physical models’ seepage rate (relative inaccuracy) dramatically increased as a result of the presence of piping.","PeriodicalId":19512,"journal":{"name":"Open Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46080129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A case study of T-beams with hybrid section shear characteristics of reactive powder concrete 具有活性粉末混凝土混合截面剪切特性的T梁实例研究

IF 1.7

Open Engineering Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1515/eng-2022-0424

R. Atea, Rasha A. Aljazaari, Hasanain M. Dheyab

{"title":"A case study of T-beams with hybrid section shear characteristics of reactive powder concrete","authors":"R. Atea, Rasha A. Aljazaari, Hasanain M. Dheyab","doi":"10.1515/eng-2022-0424","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/eng-2022-0424","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract As an extension of recent developments in concrete understanding, an extensive study is currently being conducted on the structural performance of reactive powder concrete (RPC). This article guides how to investigate the shear behavior of RPC T-beams and calculate their ultimate and breaking shear capacities. The mechanical features of this construction material and approach to revising the reactive powder shear hybrid segment T-beams are cast-off in this motion and are investigated in this experimental study. To evaluate the effects of volumetric ratio of steel fibers, silica fume ratio, and tensile steel ratio, introductory section on the effectiveness of T-beam shearing reactive powder, the program of experimentation involved trying four beams. The research aimed to determine the deflection conduct of the load, downtime approach, strain amount over the beams’ depth, and failure form of cracks. In examining reaction powder’s mechanical characteristics mixtures, steel fiber volumetric ratio and silica fume volumetric ratio were also studied. Furthermore, a hybrid beam study revealed that by using reactive powder web and regular concrete in flange effectively, T-beam concert is enhanced when associated with normal concrete T-beams by 12%. Hybrid beams have also revealed that using reactive powder flange and usual concrete in a web effectively advances the show of T-beams when associated with standard concrete T-beams by 28%.","PeriodicalId":19512,"journal":{"name":"Open Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45638269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Structural behavior of concrete filled double-skin PVC tubular columns confined by plain PVC sockets 普通PVC插座约束双层皮PVC管混凝土柱的结构性能

IF 1.7

Open Engineering Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1515/eng-2022-0404

J. L. Abbas

{"title":"Structural behavior of concrete filled double-skin PVC tubular columns confined by plain PVC sockets","authors":"J. L. Abbas","doi":"10.1515/eng-2022-0404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/eng-2022-0404","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The behavior of concrete-filled double-skin poly vinyl chloride (PVC) tubular columns confined by plain PVC sockets is studied in this research. The plastic pipes have been used with concrete as columns. PVC has several advantages as it is inexpensive, light weight for construction, and decrease in the time taken for construction. Thus it can be used as an alternative to metal in various applications in which the maintenance cost is increased and the corrosion is reduced. This study is an experimental work on four groups of composite hollow PVC columns, each group containing three different samples. The effects of several parameters are studied, including slenderness ratio, compactness ratio, compressive strength, and confinement ratio. The experimental results show that stiffness, strength, as well as the ductility of composite columns of different loadings were considerably influenced by all these parameters. An increase in loading carrying capacity by about 40.4% was noticed as slenderness ratio decreased from 20 to 12 and about 21.1% as compactness ratio decreased from 50 to 25. Besides, the rate of increase in load capacity was about 96.6% as compressive strength increased from 33 to 54 MPa. For the case of variation of confinement ratio from 25 to 75%, the increase in the axial load capacity was about 56.7%. The main benefit of this type of column is the interaction between PVC tube and concrete. Besides, restriction of concrete by tube results in the delay of local buckling so that the concrete strength is enlarged by the effect of confining provided by the tube.","PeriodicalId":19512,"journal":{"name":"Open Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42054564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0