S. Kanetkar, Ayush Pathania, V. Venugopal, S. Sundaram
{"title":"Offline Writer Identification Using Local Derivative Pattern","authors":"S. Kanetkar, Ayush Pathania, V. Venugopal, S. Sundaram","doi":"10.1109/ICFHR.2016.0073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICFHR.2016.0073","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we propose a scheme for identifying the authorship of off-line handwritten documents based on a histogram-based descriptor. The idea of our work is inspired from that of the Local Derivative Patterns (LDP), that has found much success in the application of face recognition. However, to the best of our knowledge, this work is the first of its kind that utilizes them for characterizing the writing style of an author. The efficacy of the algorithm has been tested on the handwritten documents of the CVL database, using two strategies. The performance of writer identification rate on this database indicate that the proposed descriptor is effective for the problem of text independent off-line writer identification.","PeriodicalId":194844,"journal":{"name":"2016 15th International Conference on Frontiers in Handwriting Recognition (ICFHR)","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122111088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Line-of-Sight Stroke Graphs and Parzen Shape Context Features for Handwritten Math Formula Representation and Symbol Segmentation","authors":"Lei Hu, R. Zanibbi","doi":"10.1109/ICFHR.2016.0044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICFHR.2016.0044","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a new representation for handwritten math formulae: a Line-of-Sight (LOS) graph over handwritten strokes, computed using stroke convex hulls. Experimental results using the CROHME 2012 and 2014 datasets show that LOS graphs capture the visual structure of handwritten formulae better than commonly used graphs such as Time-series, Minimum Spanning Trees, and k-Nearest Neighbor graphs. We then introduce a shape context-based feature (Parzen window Shape Contexts (PSC)) which is combined with simple geometric features and the distance in time between strokes to obtain state-of-the-art symbol segmentation results (92.43% F-measure for CROHME 2014). This result is obtained using a simple method, without use of OCR or an expression grammar. A binary random forest classifier identifies which LOS graph edges represent stroke pairs that should be merged into symbols, with connected components over merged strokes defining symbols. Line-of-Sight graphs and Parzen Shape Contexts represent visual structure well, and might be usefully applied to other notations.","PeriodicalId":194844,"journal":{"name":"2016 15th International Conference on Frontiers in Handwriting Recognition (ICFHR)","volume":"138 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131473923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bilan Zhu, Arti Shivram, V. Govindaraju, M. Nakagawa
{"title":"Online Handwritten Cursive Word Recognition by Combining Segmentation-Free and Segmentation-Based Methods","authors":"Bilan Zhu, Arti Shivram, V. Govindaraju, M. Nakagawa","doi":"10.1109/ICFHR.2016.0084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICFHR.2016.0084","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes an online handwritten cursive word recognition approach by combining segmentation-free and segmentation-based methods. To search the optimal segmentation and recognition path as the recognition result, we can attempt two methods: segmentation-free and segmentation-based, where we expand the search space using a character-synchronous beam search strategy. The probable search paths are evaluated by integrating character recognition scores with geometric characteristics of the character patterns in a Conditional Random Field (CRF) model. We make a comparison between online handwritten cursive word recognition using segmentation-free method and that using segmentation-based method, and then attempt combining the two methods to improve performance. Our methods restrict the search paths from the trie lexicon of words and preceding paths during path search. We show this comparison on a publicly available dataset (IAM-OnDB).","PeriodicalId":194844,"journal":{"name":"2016 15th International Conference on Frontiers in Handwriting Recognition (ICFHR)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130515297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"On the Design of Personal Digital Bodyguards: Impact of Hardware Resolution on Handwriting Analysis","authors":"Daniel Martín-Albo, Luis A. Leiva, R. Plamondon","doi":"10.1109/ICFHR.2016.0043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICFHR.2016.0043","url":null,"abstract":"Handheld touch-capable devices have become one of the most popular and fastest growing consumer products. It seems logical therefore to think of such devices as Personal Digital Bodyguards (PDBs) in charge for example of biometrical, biomedical, and neurocognitive monitoring by just inspecting the user's handwriting activity. However, it is unclear whether the hardware of today's devices is capable to handle this task. To this end, we conducted a comparative study regarding the capabilities of past and current tablets to allow for the design of PDBs based on the exploitation of the Kinematic Theory. Our study shows that, while some improvements are still necessary at the sampling frequency level, the conclusions drawn by the Kinematic Theory can be directly transferred to PDBs.","PeriodicalId":194844,"journal":{"name":"2016 15th International Conference on Frontiers in Handwriting Recognition (ICFHR)","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130520687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Isht Dwivedi, Swapnil Gupta, V. Venugopal, S. Sundaram
{"title":"Online Writer Identification Using Sparse Coding and Histogram Based Descriptors","authors":"Isht Dwivedi, Swapnil Gupta, V. Venugopal, S. Sundaram","doi":"10.1109/ICFHR.2016.0110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICFHR.2016.0110","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we present a novel scheme for text-independent online writer identification. As a first contribution, we propose histogram based features, inspired from the area of object detection, to describe the structural primitives of handwriting. Secondly, we have used sparse coding techniques to learn prototypes, that describe the general writing characteristics of the authors. To the best of our knowledge, the present proposal is the first of its kind that exploits the sparse learning framework for online writer identification. In addition, we consider the inclusion of ideas from information retrieval into our sparse representation to formulate a novel descriptor for each document. The efficacy of our proposal is tested on the handwritten paragraphs and text lines of the IAM On-Line Handwriting Database. We also provide a quantitative comparison of performance of our histogram based features with Fourier and Wavelet descriptors. The results are promising.","PeriodicalId":194844,"journal":{"name":"2016 15th International Conference on Frontiers in Handwriting Recognition (ICFHR)","volume":"174 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132298465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Secure Arabic Handwritten CAPTCHA Generation Using OCR Operations","authors":"Suliman A. Alsuhibany, M. T. Parvez","doi":"10.1109/ICFHR.2016.0035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICFHR.2016.0035","url":null,"abstract":"Handwritten CAPTCHAs can be generated from pre-written or synthesized words, with added distortions and noise to survive OCR attacks. This paper takes a different approach for generating CAPTCHAs: use OCR operations themselves to secure the CAPTCHAs. Therefore, we utilize a number of operations found in many handwriting recognition systems (like, segmentation, baseline detection, etc.) to distort a pre-written word image itself, so that breaking the resulting CAPTCHA becomes more difficult. These OCR operations are in addition to the global image distortions that are generally done on the CAPTCHAs. The proposed method is reported for Arabic handwritten words as the cursive script of Arabic allows various OCR operations on it. To the best of our knowledge, this work is the first to generate Arabic handwritten CAPTCHAs. We evaluate our method on KHATT database of offline Arabic handwritten text. In terms of usability, we have achieved 88% to 90% accuracy. Security evaluation is done using holistic word recognition with accuracy less than 0.5%. Lexicon based attack is made difficult by working at Arabic sub-word level and then randomly selecting sub-words to build a CAPTCHA.","PeriodicalId":194844,"journal":{"name":"2016 15th International Conference on Frontiers in Handwriting Recognition (ICFHR)","volume":"78 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128401130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rui Wu, Shuli Yang, Dawei Leng, Zhenbo Luo, Yunhong Wang
{"title":"Random Projected Convolutional Feature for Scene Text Recognition","authors":"Rui Wu, Shuli Yang, Dawei Leng, Zhenbo Luo, Yunhong Wang","doi":"10.1109/ICFHR.2016.0036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICFHR.2016.0036","url":null,"abstract":"Text recognition in natural scene image is an important yet challenging problem by its irregular nature. A novel method based on random projection and deep neural network(DNN) is proposed in this article. Firstly the word image is converted to multi-layers' convolutional neural network(CNN) feature sequence with sliding window. Then random projection(RP) is used to embed the original high-dimensional feature into a low-dimensional space. Finally, recurrent neural network(RNN) model is trained to recognize the text in word image based on the RP-CNN feature. The benefits of using RP is two-fold. It can preserve the geometrical relationship in dimension reduction, while reduce the computation and storage burden of the following RNN training effectively without much information loss. Moreover, RP brings information diversity with randomness which can improve the generation ability of original feature. Experiments show that recognition performance of RP-CNN feature, with 85% dimension reduction, is similar to the original high-dimensional ones. By ensemble of several RNN models based on various RP-CNN features, we obtain higher performance than single RNN based on original CNN feature. The proposed method shows competitive performance on public datasets such as SVT, ICDAR03, ICDAR13.","PeriodicalId":194844,"journal":{"name":"2016 15th International Conference on Frontiers in Handwriting Recognition (ICFHR)","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125961247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Faster Segmentation-Free Handwritten Chinese Text Recognition with Character Decompositions","authors":"Théodore Bluche, Ronaldo O. Messina","doi":"10.1109/ICFHR.2016.0103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICFHR.2016.0103","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, segmentation-free methods for handwritten Chinese text were proposed. They do not require character-level annotations to be trained, and avoid character segmentation errors at decoding time. However, segmentation-free methods need to make at least as many predictions as there are characters in the image, and often a lot more. Combined with the fact that there are many characters in Chinese, these systems are too slow to be suited for industrial applications. Inspired by the input methods for typing Chinese characters, we propose a sub-character-level recognition that achieves a 4x speedup over the baseline Multi-Dimensional Long Short-Term Memory Recurrent Neural Network (MDLSTM-RNN).","PeriodicalId":194844,"journal":{"name":"2016 15th International Conference on Frontiers in Handwriting Recognition (ICFHR)","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129419810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Robust Dissimilarity-Based Neural Network for Temporal Pattern Recognition","authors":"Brian Kenji Iwana, Volkmar Frinken, S. Uchida","doi":"10.1109/ICFHR.2016.0058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICFHR.2016.0058","url":null,"abstract":"Temporal pattern recognition is challenging because temporal patterns require extra considerations over other data types, such as order, structure, and temporal distortions. Recently, there has been a trend in using large data and deep learning, however, many of the tools cannot be directly used with temporal patterns. Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) for instance are traditionally used for visual and image pattern recognition. This paper proposes a method using a neural network to classify isolated temporal patterns directly. The proposed method uses dynamic time warping (DTW) as a kernel-like function to learn dissimilarity-based feature maps as the basis of the network. We show that using the proposed DTW-NN, efficient classification of on-line handwritten digits is possible with accuracies comparable to state-of-the-art methods.","PeriodicalId":194844,"journal":{"name":"2016 15th International Conference on Frontiers in Handwriting Recognition (ICFHR)","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126655292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Moisés Díaz Cabrera, S. Chanda, M. A. Ferrer-Ballester, C. Banerjee, Anirban Majumdar, C. Carmona-Duarte, Parikshit Acharya, U. Pal
{"title":"Multiple Generation of Bengali Static Signatures","authors":"Moisés Díaz Cabrera, S. Chanda, M. A. Ferrer-Ballester, C. Banerjee, Anirban Majumdar, C. Carmona-Duarte, Parikshit Acharya, U. Pal","doi":"10.1109/ICFHR.2016.0021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICFHR.2016.0021","url":null,"abstract":"Handwritten signature datasets are really necessary for the purpose of developing and training automatic signature verification systems. It is desired that all samples in a signature dataset should exhibit both inter-personal and intra-personal variability. A possibility to model this reality seems to be obtained through the synthesis of signatures. In this paper we propose a method based on motor equivalence model theory to generate static Bengali signatures. This theory divides the human action to write mainly into cognitive and motor levels. Due to difference between scripts, we have redesigned our previous synthesizer [1,2], which generates static Western signatures. The experiments assess whether this method can approach the intra and inter-personal variability of the Bengali-100 Static Signature DB from a performance-based validation. The similarities reported in the experimental results proof the ability of the synthesizer to generate signature images in this script.","PeriodicalId":194844,"journal":{"name":"2016 15th International Conference on Frontiers in Handwriting Recognition (ICFHR)","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123659893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}