Oecologia最新文献_第9页

Effects of selfing and outcrossing on transgenerational responses to predation risk. 自交和异交对捕食风险跨代反应的影响。

IF 2.3 2区环境科学与生态学

Oecologia Pub Date : 2025-05-30 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-025-05729-w

Haley R Altadonna, Lynne E Beaty

{"title":"Effects of selfing and outcrossing on transgenerational responses to predation risk.","authors":"Haley R Altadonna, Lynne E Beaty","doi":"10.1007/s00442-025-05729-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00442-025-05729-w","url":null,"abstract":"Phenotypic plasticity, an organism's ability to change traits in response to its environment, can improve an individual's fitness by promoting a phenotype better suited for current environmental conditions. Phenotypic expression can be altered by direct experiences (i.e., within-generation plasticity) or experiences of previous generations (i.e., transgenerational plasticity). Transgenerational plasticity can help offspring overcome environmental stressors, such as predation, using epigenetic information from their parent(s). Offspring typically receive information from two parents though simultaneous hermaphrodites can produce offspring with varied contributions of epigenetic information by reproducing via outcrossing or self-fertilization (i.e., selfing). While the impact of predation on transgenerational effects has been described, the relative influence of epigenetic information from one or two parental sources is unknown. This study aimed to determine how transgenerational epigenetic effects of predation risk are influenced by selfing and outcrossing. Physid snails were collected and reared over two generations to evaluate anti-predator behavior and shell morphology. The F1 generation was exposed to treatments consisting of all combinations of predation risk and a mate's absence or presence, resulting in six F2 generation treatment lineages. Shell morphometrics and a behavioral assay were completed to quantify the anti-predator response of the F2 generation. We found that the offspring of outcrossers were larger, and their size was influenced by paternal predator treatment. F2 snails were also less likely to exhibit anti-predator behavior after exposure to predation risk. These findings provide insights into our understanding of transgenerational effects in species with various reproductive strategies.","PeriodicalId":19473,"journal":{"name":"Oecologia","volume":"207 6","pages":"94"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12125135/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144187459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Large-seeded plants dispersed by tent-roosting bats along an altitudinal gradient in Costa Rica. 大种子植物在哥斯达黎加由帐篷栖息的蝙蝠沿海拔梯度散布。

IF 2.3 2区环境科学与生态学

Oecologia Pub Date : 2025-05-30 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-025-05737-w

Ricardo Sánchez-Calderón, Eduardo Chacón-Madrigal, Mauricio Fernandez Otárola, Bernal Rodríguez-Herrera

{"title":"Large-seeded plants dispersed by tent-roosting bats along an altitudinal gradient in Costa Rica.","authors":"Ricardo Sánchez-Calderón, Eduardo Chacón-Madrigal, Mauricio Fernandez Otárola, Bernal Rodríguez-Herrera","doi":"10.1007/s00442-025-05737-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00442-025-05737-w","url":null,"abstract":"Besides the well-known preferences among some bats with their core plants (Artibeus-Ficus, Carollia-Piper, Sturnira-Solanum), there is a hidden part of the interaction network based on plants dispersed via stomatochory (when seeds are carried on in the mouth and dispersed without been swallowed). Large seeds are not detected by traditional feces analysis used to describe the diet of Neotropical bats. However, looking for feeding roosts can increase the information related to bats and large-seeded plants interaction. Tent-roosting bats are a specialized group of fruit-eating bats that select and modify leaves to be used as roosts or feeding roosts called tents. We worked along the altitudinal gradient of Braulio Carrillo National Park, we looked for tents, checked large seeds presence under them, and performed a network analysis to determine whether bats have focal species of large-seeded plants. We expected tent-roosting bats to vary their fruit consumption of large-seeded plants along this altitudinal gradient. We also made a literature review to provide a reference for the large-seeded plants consumed by tent-roosting bats. Based on the literature review and the two new interactions recorded in this study, there are 71 species of large-seeded plants dispersed by tent-roosting bats. We found 733 tents, 79 tent-feeding roosts, and 670 seeds corresponding to 12 families under those tents. Our study demonstrated that large-seeded plants, such as Spondias radlkoferi, Pourouma minor, and Calophyllum brasiliense, are essential in the bat-plant interaction network, since they complement the interactions that bats have with other plants dispersed via endozoochory.","PeriodicalId":19473,"journal":{"name":"Oecologia","volume":"207 6","pages":"95"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144187460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Using isolation-by-distance to jointly estimate effective population density and dispersal distance: a practical evaluation using bumble bees. 用距离隔离法联合估计有效种群密度和扩散距离：用大黄蜂进行的实用评估。

IF 2.3 2区环境科学与生态学

Oecologia Pub Date : 2025-05-29 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-025-05721-4

Dylan T Simpson

{"title":"Using isolation-by-distance to jointly estimate effective population density and dispersal distance: a practical evaluation using bumble bees.","authors":"Dylan T Simpson","doi":"10.1007/s00442-025-05721-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00442-025-05721-4","url":null,"abstract":"Effective population density and intergenerational dispersal distance are key aspects of population biology, but obtaining empirical estimates of these parameters can be difficult. This is especially true for my study taxa, wild bees. In this paper, I apply and evaluate an existing but underutilized method to estimate effective density and dispersal distance of bumble bees (Bombus, Apidae). Specifically, using 10 datasets of bumble bees in North America, I use the relationship between genetic isolation-by-distance and Wright's neighborhood size to define a density-dispersal isocline-that is, a curve describing pairs of density and dispersal values consistent with observed rates of isolation-by-distance. These parameters are inversely related; as one increases the other decreases. I then use outside estimates of bumble bee dispersal distances to make more specific estimates of effective colony density. Compared to some prior estimates of census density (100s to 1000s colonies/km2), my estimated effective colony densities were very low (1-41 effective colonies/km2). I also hypothesize, however, that these estimates are affected by the spatial extent of sampling, due to scale-dependent patterns in the distribution of individuals. To test this hypothesis, I subsampled each dataset to simulate varying study extent, and repeated my analysis. Within populations, effective densities tended to decrease when measured across larger spatial extents. Altogether, I demonstrate a useful and under-appreciated tool for studying population biology, especially of small, mobile animals like bees, but also show that researchers must interpret their results carefully within the context of their study design.","PeriodicalId":19473,"journal":{"name":"Oecologia","volume":"207 6","pages":"93"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12122646/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144174289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Heat waves reduce variability in milkweed development, simplify arthropod communities, and suppress herbivory. 热浪减少了马利筋发育的可变性，简化了节肢动物群落，抑制了食草动物。

IF 2.3 2区环境科学与生态学

Oecologia Pub Date : 2025-05-28 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-025-05733-0

Olivia L Cope, William C Wetzel

引用次数: 0

Extended incubation recesses increase before nest abandonment in a high-arctic shorebird. 高纬度北极滨鸟在弃巢前延长孵育时间。

IF 2.3 2区环境科学与生态学

Oecologia Pub Date : 2025-05-28 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-025-05735-y

Léa Etchart, Nicolas Lecomte, François-Xavier Dechaume-Moncharmont, Jérôme Moreau, Johannes Lang, Thomas Pagnon, Benoit Sittler, Maria Teixeira, Loïc Bollache, Olivier Gilg

{"title":"Extended incubation recesses increase before nest abandonment in a high-arctic shorebird.","authors":"Léa Etchart, Nicolas Lecomte, François-Xavier Dechaume-Moncharmont, Jérôme Moreau, Johannes Lang, Thomas Pagnon, Benoit Sittler, Maria Teixeira, Loïc Bollache, Olivier Gilg","doi":"10.1007/s00442-025-05735-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00442-025-05735-y","url":null,"abstract":"Parents can abandon their current clutch when reaching a physiological threshold to prioritise their survival and future breeding in the trade-off against current reproduction. Incubation is metabolically costly, and regular recesses are necessary to replenish energy reserves. Thus, an increase in the duration of these foraging trips may signal diminishing reserves and perhaps impending abandonment. Here, we tested the hypothesis that the probability of abandonment of uniparental nest is directly linked to the duration of extended recesses (i.e., recesses > 120 min). Analysing 13 years of breeding behaviour from Sanderlings (Calidris alba) using thermologgers placed in 120 nests, we found that both the frequency and duration of extended recesses were higher in nests that were ultimately abandoned. The probability of nest abandonment increased with time spent in extended recesses during incubation, with the final day before abandonment proving critical in the decision-making. In contrast, short recesses showed no relationship with abandonment probability, and neither recess type changed significantly as nests approached hatching, confirming the specificity of extended recesses as indicators of abandonment. With such results, parents likely remain at the nest until their reserves fall below a physiological threshold, when they have no choice but to leave the nest when the costs-benefits balance becomes unsustainable for the parent. Our study suggests the key link between extended recesses and nest abandonment; it paves the way for quantifying foraging success and variations in energy reserves of individuals to provide deeper insights into the mechanisms driving reproductive decisions and their impact on population dynamics.","PeriodicalId":19473,"journal":{"name":"Oecologia","volume":"207 6","pages":"92"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144174288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Trophic effects of vertebrate insectivores and carnivorous arthropods in a subtropical forest: the roles of functional redundancy and intraguild predation. 亚热带森林中脊椎动物、食虫动物和肉食性节肢动物的营养效应：功能冗余和内部捕食的作用。

IF 2.3 2区环境科学与生态学

Oecologia Pub Date : 2025-05-27 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-025-05726-z

Yi-Chieh Wang, Pei-Jen L Shaner

{"title":"Trophic effects of vertebrate insectivores and carnivorous arthropods in a subtropical forest: the roles of functional redundancy and intraguild predation.","authors":"Yi-Chieh Wang, Pei-Jen L Shaner","doi":"10.1007/s00442-025-05726-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00442-025-05726-z","url":null,"abstract":"Insectivorous predators play a crucial role in suppressing herbivore populations and mitigating herbivory in terrestrial ecosystems. However, the outcomes of 'insectivore-herbivore-plant' interactions are context dependent. This study examines the effects of vertebrate insectivores (birds and bats) and carnivorous arthropods (spiders) on herbivorous insects (caterpillars and sap suckers) and their host plant, Machilus thunbergii (Lauraceae), in a subtropical evergreen forest. We employed a factorial field experiment with four treatments: control (no exclusion), bird/bat exclusion, spider removal, and bird/bat exclusion plus spider removal. Forty trees (10 per treatment) were surveyed for herbivore abundance, degree of herbivory, and herbivore community composition. The results indicate that the predator treatments had no effects on sap suckers or sap-sucking damage. However, compared to the control, the leaf-chewing damage was higher in the bird/bat exclusion plus spider removal treatment, accompanied by shifts in leaf-chewer community composition and a trend toward increased leaf-chewer abundance. Spider abundance was lower in the control than in the bird/bat exclusion treatment, suggesting intraguild predation of spiders by birds and bats. Nevertheless, the leaf-chewing damage remained similar between these treatments, indicating that intraguild predation did not weaken the trophic cascade. This study is one of the few experiments that manipulate both vertebrate insectivores and carnivorous arthropods, and provides rare evidence that these two predator groups can perform complementary roles in suppressing herbivory. Our findings suggest that the strength of trophic interactions in the 'insectivore-leaf chewer-plant' system of this subtropical evergreen forest are likely to be relatively stable.","PeriodicalId":19473,"journal":{"name":"Oecologia","volume":"207 6","pages":"90"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12116707/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144151292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Does colour-morph variation in metabolic physiology and oxidative stress match morph-specific life-history strategies? 代谢生理学和氧化应激中的颜色-形态变化是否与形态特异性生活史策略相匹配？

IF 2.3 2区环境科学与生态学

Oecologia Pub Date : 2025-05-26 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-025-05728-x

Chiara Morosinotto, Antoine Stier, Suvi Ruuskanen, Natacha Garcin, Patrik Karell

{"title":"Does colour-morph variation in metabolic physiology and oxidative stress match morph-specific life-history strategies?","authors":"Chiara Morosinotto, Antoine Stier, Suvi Ruuskanen, Natacha Garcin, Patrik Karell","doi":"10.1007/s00442-025-05728-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00442-025-05728-x","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding to what extent phenotypes vary in their physiological traits and their associations to life-history strategies may help to better understand how animals are adapted to their environment and how they can cope with changing conditions. Melanin-based colour polymorphism is a phenotypic trait closely associated with physiological characteristics and fitness, which in tawny owls (Strix aluco) is highly heritable and strongly associated with adult survival. Pheomelanic (brown) tawny owl adults raise heavier offspring, suggesting higher parental effort and/or faster growth of brown offspring, but have shorter lifespan than grey ones. Moreover, brown morphs show faster rate of telomere shortening than the grey morph, but only after reaching adulthood. To further explore the potential physiological mechanisms being involved in such trade-offs, we aimed at characterizing markers of metabolic physiology (thyroid hormones and mitochondrial density) and oxidative stress (reactive-oxygen metabolites) between brown and grey tawny owls, both at the nestling and adult stages. Although there was no significant effect of colour morph on thyroid hormones or mitochondrial density, brown nestlings had higher oxidative damage levels than grey individuals. Conversely in adults, mitochondrial density was higher in brown individuals, without a significant impact on oxidative stress levels. Morph-specific differences in physiological traits are thus life-stage dependent, but seem to match morph-specific life-history strategies since the higher oxidative stress observed in brown nestlings could result from their faster growth, while the higher mitochondrial density of brown adults could help in supporting their higher reproductive effort.","PeriodicalId":19473,"journal":{"name":"Oecologia","volume":"207 6","pages":"89"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12106557/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144143228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The distinctive material cycle associated with seabirds and land crabs on a pristine oceanic island: a case study of Minamiiwoto, Ogasawara Islands, subtropical Japan. 与原始海洋岛屿上的海鸟和地蟹相关的独特物质循环：以日本亚热带小笠原群岛南岛为例。

IF 2.3 2区环境科学与生态学

Oecologia Pub Date : 2025-05-22 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-025-05725-0

Nozomu Sato, Rumiko Nakashita, Tetsuro Sasaki, Hidetoshi Kato, Haruki Karube, Hideaki Mori, Kazuto Kawakami

{"title":"The distinctive material cycle associated with seabirds and land crabs on a pristine oceanic island: a case study of Minamiiwoto, Ogasawara Islands, subtropical Japan.","authors":"Nozomu Sato, Rumiko Nakashita, Tetsuro Sasaki, Hidetoshi Kato, Haruki Karube, Hideaki Mori, Kazuto Kawakami","doi":"10.1007/s00442-025-05725-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00442-025-05725-0","url":null,"abstract":"Seabirds are responsible for transporting marine material to oceanic islands, and attempts are being made to restore their function on many islands where they have become extinct. However, little is known about the original island ecosystems prior to disturbance. Minamiiwoto, located in the Ogasawara Islands, is an uninhabited oceanic island that remains uninvaded by alien animals, and its pristine ecosystem and material cycle should serve as a reference for the restoration of disturbed island ecosystems. We analyzed the food web structure of several of the Ogasawara Islands with different disturbance intensities using stable isotopes (δ13C, δ15N) and compared the characteristics of the material cycle. We found that seabirds and land crabs are distributed across the entire island of Minamiiwoto, with high δ15N values derived from marine resources and a gradient in the δ15N of land crabs reflecting differences in seabird species with elevation. In contrast, on islands where forest-nesting seabirds have been extinct for more than 50 years, the nutrient supply to the island interior has been lost, and the δ15N of most organisms was significantly lower. Isotopic food niches among predators were clearly partitioned by species (max. 14% overlap) on Minamiiwoto, while on the disturbed islands they tended to be highly similar (max. 53% overlap). Our results confirmed that Minamiiwoto still maintains a pristine ecosystem characterized by material transport by seabirds and decomposition by land crabs. The recovery of these biological functions should be the guide for conservation and restoration of oceanic islands subjected to anthropogenic disturbance.","PeriodicalId":19473,"journal":{"name":"Oecologia","volume":"207 6","pages":"88"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12098187/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144128294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cropland encroachment on global protected areas and its national-level drivers. 全球保护区的耕地侵占及其国家层面驱动因素

IF 2.3 2区环境科学与生态学

Oecologia Pub Date : 2025-05-21 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-025-05727-y

Haiyang Gao, Di Zhu

{"title":"Cropland encroachment on global protected areas and its national-level drivers.","authors":"Haiyang Gao, Di Zhu","doi":"10.1007/s00442-025-05727-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00442-025-05727-y","url":null,"abstract":"Cropland encroachment on protected areas (PAs) impedes the achievement of global biodiversity conservation goals. However, the extent and expansion of cropland in PAs as well as regional and protection level differences on timescale, and national drivers thereof remains unassessed. We analyzed the land cover composition of global PAs to identify cropland changes from 1985 to 2020 and visualized cropland encroachment degree of PA patches by calculating cropland grid density (CGD) which is defined as the amount of cropland grids per square kilometer. We further identified nations' economic and agricultural development indicators as the primary drivers of cropland encroachment through correlation analysis and GLM method. The results indicate that cropland encroachment on PAs occurs worldwide with significant different level at both regional and protection levels. In western Europe, southern Latin America, central Africa, and southern Asia, a proportion of PA patches have high CGDs. CGDs of Asia and Pacific, Europe and Latin America, and Caribbean PA patches declined, whereas the indices increased in Africa and West Asia. CGDs of PAs with high protection levels are lower than that of PAs with low protection levels. At the national scale, economic development, agricultural development level, and cropland encroachment degree show negative correlations, whereas positively correlated with poverty stress and rural population percentage. The optimal model suggests the GDP per capita, arable land and permanent cropland percentage are significant factors influencing cropland encroachment on PAs. This study highlights the challenges to balance agricultural development and ecological protection and call for a stricter protection on PAs.","PeriodicalId":19473,"journal":{"name":"Oecologia","volume":"207 6","pages":"87"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144111489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of adult and egg predators on hatching plasticity of the pulmonate limpet. 成虫和卵捕食者对肺帽贝孵化可塑性的影响。

IF 2.3 2区环境科学与生态学

Oecologia Pub Date : 2025-05-21 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-025-05712-5

Yoko Wada, Keiji Iwasaki, Yoichi Yusa

{"title":"Effects of adult and egg predators on hatching plasticity of the pulmonate limpet.","authors":"Yoko Wada, Keiji Iwasaki, Yoichi Yusa","doi":"10.1007/s00442-025-05712-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00442-025-05712-5","url":null,"abstract":"In response to predation threats during the embryonic period, prey from diverse taxonomic groups exhibit plasticity in their hatching timing. In theory, predators of adult prey, as well as predators of eggs or embryos, can influence hatching timing. Similarly, not only embryos but also parents of prey can regulate hatching timing. However, research on the influence of adult predators and adult prey on hatching timing in species with separate predators for adults and eggs remains limited. To the best of our knowledge, no study has investigated this phenomenon in marine invertebrates under natural conditions. In this study, we investigated the effects of life-stage-specific predators (i.e., adult and egg predators) on the hatching timing of the pulmonate limpet (Siphonaria sirius), which undergoes planktonic development on an intertidal rocky shore. The presence of adult predators before and after egg-laying did not affect the hatching timing. Furthermore, while the egg predators present before egg-laying did not influence hatching timing, those present after egg-laying accelerated it. The results indicate that embryos, rather than their parents, determine hatching timing in response to their own predation risk. This finding highlights a strategy in which organisms with planktonic development rely on embryonic plasticity to mitigate strong predation risks during the egg stage. To understand how predation risk shapes predator-prey dynamics, it is critical to identify how predators, specific to each life-history stage of prey (such as adult and egg), interact with prey at different life-history stages during key events like reproduction.","PeriodicalId":19473,"journal":{"name":"Oecologia","volume":"207 6","pages":"86"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12095334/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144111490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0