OECD Series on Testing and Assessment最新文献_第6页

Non-OECD mammalian screens and tests (Concptual Framework Levels 3-5) 非经合组织哺乳动物筛选和试验(概念框架3-5级)

OECD Series on Testing and Assessment Pub Date : 2018-09-03 DOI: 10.1787/9789264304741-35-en

引用次数: 0

Subchronic Inhalation Toxicity: 90-Day Study (OECD TG 413) 亚慢性吸入毒性:90天研究(OECD TG 413)

OECD Series on Testing and Assessment Pub Date : 2018-09-03 DOI: 10.1787/9789264304741-31-en

Subchronic

{"title":"Subchronic Inhalation Toxicity: 90-Day Study (OECD TG 413)","authors":"Subchronic","doi":"10.1787/9789264304741-31-en","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264304741-31-en","url":null,"abstract":"902. This assay determines the subchronic inhalation toxicity of chemicals to provide robust data for quantitative inhalational hazard identification/characterisation. It is primarily used to derive regulatory concentrations for assessing worker risk in occupation settings. It is also used to assess human residential, transportation and environmental risk. Dosing duration is 90 days and the preferred species is the rat. Animals are exposed to test substance in inhalation chambers for six hours per day on a five day per week basis. The preferred mode of exposure is nose only, but whole body exposure may also be used. OECD TG 413 was first adopted in May 1981 and revised in September 2009. Although it has not been validated for the detection of endocrine active substances (EASs), this assay contains several endpoints that are suitable for the determination of endocrine effects. As all the endpoints are apical, it is difficult to discern mechanism of action from this test alone. Information on mechanism of action may need to be obtained from in vitro estrogen/androgen/thyroid/steroidogenesis (E,A,T,S) assays or in vivo lower tier tests such as the Uterotrophic Bioassay (UT – OECD TG 440) and the Hershberger Bioassay (H – OECD TG 441). Hormone measurements are not included in this assay.","PeriodicalId":19458,"journal":{"name":"OECD Series on Testing and Assessment","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82518327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

Repeated Dose Dermal Toxicity: 21/28-Day Study (OECD TG 410) 重复剂量皮肤毒性:21/28天研究(OECD TG 410)

OECD Series on Testing and Assessment Pub Date : 2018-09-03 DOI: 10.1787/9789264304741-28-en

Tg

{"title":"Repeated Dose Dermal Toxicity: 21/28-Day Study (OECD TG 410)","authors":"Tg","doi":"10.1787/9789264304741-28-en","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264304741-28-en","url":null,"abstract":"842. This assay determines the subchronic dermal toxicity of chemicals after initial information on toxicity has been obtained by acute testing. It provides information on possible health hazards likely to arise from repeated exposure by the dermal route over a limited period of time. Dosing duration is 28 days and the preferred species are the adult rat, rabbit or guinea pig. Test substance is applied to the dorsal area of the trunk, held in place with a dressing and protected from ingestion. OECD TG 410 was adopted in May 1981. Although it has not been validated for the detection of endocrine active substances (EASs), this assay may contain endpoints that are suitable for the determination of endocrine effects. It should be noted that the only endocrine-relevant tissues that are required are testes and adrenals, therefore the information provided may be very limited. Other tissues may be taken as required and therefore the utility of this assay for detecting EASs will vary on a case-to-case basis. As all the endpoints are apical, it is difficult to discern mechanism of action from this test alone. Information on mechanism of action needs to be obtained from in vitro estrogen/androgen/thyroid/steroidogenesis (E,A,T,S) assays or in vivo lower tier tests such as the Uterotrophic Bioassay (UT – OECD TG 440) and the Hershberger Bioassay (H – OECD TG 441). Hormone measurements are not included in this assay.","PeriodicalId":19458,"journal":{"name":"OECD Series on Testing and Assessment","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83617186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

Sediment-Water Chironomid Life-Cycle Toxicity Test (OECD TG 233) 沉积物-水拟生物生命周期毒性试验(OECD TG 233)

OECD Series on Testing and Assessment Pub Date : 2018-09-03 DOI: 10.1787/9789264304741-17-en

Tg

引用次数: 0

Repeated Dose 90-Day Oral Toxicity Study in Non-Rodents (OECD TG 409) 非啮齿类动物重复给药90天口服毒性研究(OECD TG 409)

OECD Series on Testing and Assessment Pub Date : 2018-09-03 DOI: 10.1787/9789264304741-32-en

Tg

引用次数: 0

Introduction to specific guidelines 具体指导方针介绍

OECD Series on Testing and Assessment Pub Date : 2018-09-03 DOI: 10.1787/9789264304741-3-en

引用次数: 0

Specific guidance for the test guidelines addressed 针对具体的测试指南进行了说明

OECD Series on Testing and Assessment Pub Date : 2018-09-03 DOI: 10.1787/g27e118db3-en

引用次数: 0

Prenatal Developmental Toxicity Study (OECD TG 414) 产前发育毒性研究(OECD TG 414)

OECD Series on Testing and Assessment Pub Date : 2018-09-03 DOI: 10.1787/9789264304741-26-en

Tg

引用次数: 5

Lymnaea stagnalis Reproduction Test (OECD TG 243) 滞海线虫繁殖试验(OECD TG 243)

OECD Series on Testing and Assessment Pub Date : 2018-09-03 DOI: 10.1787/9789264304741-10-en

Tg

引用次数: 1

Repeated Dose 90-Day Oral Toxicity Study in Rodents (OECD TG 408) 重复给药90天啮齿动物口服毒性研究(OECD TG 408)

OECD Series on Testing and Assessment Pub Date : 2018-09-03 DOI: 10.1787/9789264304741-23-en

Tg

{"title":"Repeated Dose 90-Day Oral Toxicity Study in Rodents (OECD TG 408)","authors":"Tg","doi":"10.1787/9789264304741-23-en","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264304741-23-en","url":null,"abstract":"724. This assay determines the general toxicity of chemicals in rodents after 90 days of oral dosing (by gavage, via the diet or in drinking water). The rat is the preferred species. It provides information on major toxic effects and target organ toxicity likely to arise from the post-weaning period until well into adulthood. OECD TG 408 was adopted in September 1998 and was updated in 2017 to add endocrine disrupter relevant endpoints intended to improve the detection of endocrine activity of test chemicals and mirrors updates to OECD TG 407 (Repeated Dose 28-Day Oral Toxicity Study in Rodents). In the updated version, an emphasis was placed on including additional thyroid parameters that could inform, alone or in combination with other information, on the potential of test chemicals to perturb the thyroid pathway. The update mirrored that of OECD TG 407 and therefore a comparison can be made with validation of the OECD TG 407 (28-Day Oral Toxicity Study) for endocrine endpoints where substances that were moderate and strong endocrine disruptors (EDs) for (anti)estrogenicity and (anti)androgenicity (e.g. ethinylestradiol and flutamide) and weak and strong modulators of thyroid hormone-related effects (e.g. propylthiouracil, T4 and methyl testosterone) were detected (OECD, 2006). Steroidogenesis inhibition was also detected, although only one (potent) chemical was used in the validation study (CGS 18320B). OECD TG 408 is likely to be more sensitive than OECD TG 407 because of the extended dosing period and the larger number of animals per group (ten male and ten female per group compared with five in OECD TG 407).","PeriodicalId":19458,"journal":{"name":"OECD Series on Testing and Assessment","volume":"79 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73521351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 90