Obesity Science & Practice最新文献

{"title":"Adipose triglyceride lipase gene expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of subjects with obesity and its association with insulin resistance, inflammation and lipid accumulation in liver","authors":"Samira Ezzati‐Mobaser, Sahar Yarahmadi, Nikta Dadkhah Nikroo, Mohammad Hasan Maleki, Zeynab Yousefi, Pegah Golpour, Mona Nourbakhsh, Mitra Nourbakhsh","doi":"10.1002/osp4.716","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/osp4.716","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Introduction Adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) is a crucial enzyme responsible for the release of fatty acids from various tissues. The expression of ATGL is regulated by insulin and this enzyme is linked to insulin resistance. On the other hand, ATGL‐mediated lipolysis is connected to macrophage function and thus ATGL is involved in inflammation and the pathogenesis of lipid‐related disorders. This study aims to investigate the correlation between ATGL, obesity, metabolic syndrome, and inflammation. Methods A total of 100 participants, including 50 individuals with obesity and 50 healthy particiapnts, were recruited for this study and underwent comprehensive clinical evaluations. Blood samples were collected to measure plasma lipid profiles, glycemic indices, and liver function tests. Additionally, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated and used for the assessment of the gene expression of ATGL, using real‐time PCR. Furthermore, PBMCs were cultured and exposed to lipopolysaccharides (LPS) with simultaneous ATGL inhibition, and the gene expression of inflammatory cytokines, along with the secretion of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), were measured. Results The gene expression of ATGL was significantly elevated in PBMCs obtained from participants with obesity and was particularly higher in those diagnosed with metabolic syndrome. It exhibited a correlation with insulin levels and Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA‐IR), and it was associated with lipid accumulation in the liver. Stimulation with LPS increased ATGL expression in PBMCs, while inhibition of ATGL attenuated the inflammatory responses induced by LPS. Conclusions Obesity and metabolic syndrome were associated with dysregulation of ATGL. ATGL might play a role in the upregulation of inflammatory cytokines and act as a significant contributor to the development of metabolic abnormalities related to obesity. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.","PeriodicalId":19448,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Science & Practice","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136185516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lipid Accumulation Product and Visceral Adiposity Index for Incidence of Cardiovascular Diseases and Mortality; Results From 13 Years Follow‐up in Isfahan Cohort Study","authors":"Mohammad Fakhrolmobasheri, Amir Parsa Abhari, Maryam Heidarpour, Saina Paymannejad, Mahsa Pourmahdi‐Boroujeni, Amir Sepehr Saffari, Paria Okhovat, Hamidreza Roohafza, Masoumeh Sadeghi, Najmeh Rabanipour, Davood Shafie, Nizal Sarrafzadehgan","doi":"10.1002/osp4.713","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/osp4.713","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background /Aims: Visceral adiposity index (VAI) and lipid accumulation product (LAP) are novel anthropometric indices that have shown an association with metabolic syndrome; however, limited data are available regarding the predictive performance of these indices for the incidence of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and mortality. Methods This study was performed on the data retrieved from Isfahan Cohort Study (ICS). ICS is an ongoing population‐based cohort study conducted in 3 counties in central Iran. Pearson correlation analysis was performed between LAP, VAI, and metabolic parameters. Cox regression analysis and receiver operative characteristics (ROC) curve analysis were performed in order to evaluate the ability of VAI and LAP for the incidence of CVD, CVD‐associated mortality, and all‐cause mortality. We further compared the predictive performance of VAI and LAP with body mass index (BMI). Results LAP and VAI were significantly correlated with all metabolic variables, including blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, and lipid profile components. Univariate regression analysis indicated a significant association between LAP and VAI and CVD incidence. In multivariate analysis, only VAI was significantly associated with CVD incidence. Regarding CVD mortality, only VAI in the multivariate analysis revealed a significant association. Interestingly, Both VAI and LAP were negatively associated with all‐cause mortality. ROC curve analysis indicated the superior performance of LAP and VAI for predicting CVD incidence compared to BMI; however, BMI was better in predicting all‐cause mortality. Conclusion Compared to BMI, LAP and VAI have better predictive performance for the incidence of CVD. In contrast, BMI was superior to VAI and LAP in the prediction of all‐cause mortality.","PeriodicalId":19448,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Science & Practice","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135790227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Home access to a weight scale in the Hispanic/Latino population attending a community‐based free clinic","authors":"Ken Fujioka, Jacob Fujioka, Kaley Mafong, Nicole Wetherhold, Sally Kim, Amin Rasul, Alyssa Lopez, Kevin Cummins","doi":"10.1002/osp4.711","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/osp4.711","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background Daily weighing has been shown to help with weight management. In primary care, the majority of virtual visits will ask patients about their weight. However, little is known about whether patients, especially those in the Hispanic/Latino population, have access to a weight scale. Our aim was to determine scale access and perceived height and weight in the Hispanic/Latino population attending a volunteer, no cost, community clinic. Methods Questionnaires were issued to patients attending the community clinic and a comparator group attending a medically insured primary care practice. Results Only 52% of the Hispanic/Latino patients attending the community clinic had access to a scale compared with 85% of patients in the primary care office. Patients underreported weight and overreported height leading to underreporting body mass index by 0.6 ± 3.2 kg/m 2 . Conclusions Healthcare providers who care for uninsured Hispanic/Latino patients in community clinics may need to be aware that patients may not have access to a scale.","PeriodicalId":19448,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Science & Practice","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136277029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of overweight/obesity and metabolic syndrome on frailty in middle‐aged and older Japanese adults","authors":"Yuki Nishida, Yosuke Yamada, Satoshi Sasaki, Eiichiro Kanda, Yoshihiko Kanno, Tatsuhiko Anzai, Kunihiko Takahashi, Keita Yamauchi, Fuminori Katsukawa","doi":"10.1002/osp4.714","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/osp4.714","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background The potential for developing frailty exists in middle‐aged and older adults. While obesity and metabolic syndrome (MetS) increase the risk of frailty in older adults, this relationship remains unclear in middle‐aged adults, who are prone to developing lifestyle‐related diseases. Objective To examine the effect of overweight/obesity and MetS on frailty development in middle‐aged and older Japanese adults using real‐world data. Methods This nationwide cohort study used exhaustive health insurance claims data of 3,958,708 Japanese people from 2015 to 2019 provided by the Japan Health Insurance Association. Participants aged ≥35 and < 70 years who received health checkups in 2015 were included. Multivariate logistic regression was used to assess the effect of body mass index (BMI) and MetS or MetS components (i.e., diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia) in 2015 on frailty risk assessed using the hospital frailty risk score in 2019. Additionally, a subgroup analysis was performed to examine the interaction effects of MetS components and 4‐year weight change (%) on frailty risk among participants who were overweight and obese (BMI ≥25 kg/m 2 ). Results In 2019, 7204 (0.2%) and 253,671 (6.4%) participants were at high and intermediate frailty risks, respectively. Obesity and MetS were independently associated with intermediate/high frailty risk (odds ratio (OR) 1.36, p < 0.05; OR 1.23, p < 0.05, respectively) and high frailty risk (OR 1.80, p < 0.05; OR 1.37, p < 0.05, respectively) in all participants. Although all MetS components were frailty risk factors, these effects diminished with age in both sexes. Subgroup analysis of patients with diabetes revealed that 5%–10% weight loss was associated with reduced frailty risk in both sexes. Conclusions Obesity, MetS, and MetS components were independent frailty risk factors in middle‐aged and older Japanese adults. Weight loss of up to 10% over 4 years prevented frailty in patients with diabetes who were overweight and obese.","PeriodicalId":19448,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Science & Practice","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135477021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends in the burden of most common obesity‐related cancers in 16 Southern Africa Development Community countries, 1990‐2019. Findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study","authors":"Philimon Gona, Clara Gona, Suha Ballout, Chabila Mapoma, Sowmya Rao, Ali Mokdad","doi":"10.1002/osp4.715","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/osp4.715","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background Obesity‐related cancers in the 16 Southern African Development Community (SADC) countries is quite prominent. The changes and time trends of the burden of obesity‐related cancers in developing countries like SADC remain largely unknown. A descriptive epidemiological analysis was conducted to assess the burden of obesity‐related cancers, (liver, esophageal, breast, prostate, colon/rectal, leukemia, ovarian, uterine, pancreatic, kidney, gallbladder/biliary tract, and thyroid cancers) in SADC countries. Methods Data from the 2019 Global Burden of Diseases (GBD) Study was used. Deaths extracted from vital registration, verbal autopsies and ICD codes. Cancer‐type, mortality and prevalence per 100,000 population and 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs) were calculated using the Cause of Death Ensemble model (CODEm) and Spatio‐Temporal Gaussian process with mixed effects regression models. Annual rates of change (AROCs) between 1990 and 2019 and the corresponding UIs were calculated. Results The top age‐standardized mortality rates per 100,000 in 2019 for males were leukemia, 20.1(14.4‐26.4), esophageal cancer, 15.1 (11.2‐19.1), and colon and rectal cancer, 10.3 (8.6‐12.6). For females, breast cancer, 20.6 (16.6‐25.0), leukemia, 17.1 (11.4‐23.7), and esophageal cancer, 8.3(5.5‐10.7), had the leading mortality rates. For males, AROC substantial (p<0.05) increase for kidney cancer for 11 of the countries (AROC from 0.41‐1.24%), colon cancer for eight of the countries (from 0.39‐0.92%), and pancreatic cancer for seven countries (from 0.26‐1.01%). In females, AROC showed substantial increase for pancreatic cancer for 13 of the countries from (0.34‐1.67%), nine countries for kidney cancer (from 0.27‐1.02%), seven countries each for breast cancer (0.35‐1.13%), and ovarian cancer (from 0.33‐1.21%). Conclusions There is need for location‐specific and culturally appropriate strategies for better nutrition and weight control, and improved screening for all cancers. Health promotion messaging should target kidney, colon, pancreatic, and breast cancers and encourage clinically tested methods of reducing BMI such as increasing personal physical activity and adoption of effective dietary regimes. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.","PeriodicalId":19448,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Science & Practice","volume":"79 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135536098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Real world evidence on the characteristics of regular and intermittent users of a very‐low calorie diet program and associations with measures of program success, health, and quality of life","authors":"Patrice Jones, Michelle Blumfield, Emma Beckett, Skye Marshall, Kylie Abbott, Emily Duve, Flavia Fayet‐Moore","doi":"10.1002/osp4.712","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/osp4.712","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background Very low‐calorie diet (VLCD) programs are readily available in Australia. However, there is a lack of real‐world evidence describing the characteristics related to positive outcomes. Aims To examine the demographic, eating, self‐efficacy and program engagement characteristics of VLCD users in Australia, and the associations between user characteristics and program success, weight loss, quality of life (QOL) and health. Method Cross‐sectional data from Australian adults; regular users (n=189: VLCD user ≥4 days/week for >4 weeks) and intermittent users (n=111, VLCD user <4 weeks and/or <4 days/week). Self‐reported data on demographics, VLCD program use, support, eating behaviour, weight‐related QOL, mental health, physical health, self‐efficacy, and physical activity. Descriptive and inferential statistics were performed in R. Results Compared to regular users, intermittent users reported lower percentage weight loss (15.1%±SD 9.8 vs. 9.9%±SD 6.8, relative to starting weight), fewer reported their VLCD program as very successful (44% vs. 35%), higher depressive symptom scores (8.7±SD 2.8 vs. 6.7±SD 5.1), and lower general self‐efficacy (23.9±SD 4.7 vs. 29.4±SD5.7), nutrition self‐efficacy (11.9± SD 2.0 vs. 14.5± SD 3.1) and weight‐related QOL scores (60.9±SD 22.2 vs. 65.0±SD 11.8; p<0.001 for all). In regular users, older age and longer program duration were associated with greater total weight loss, support, and program success (p<0.001 for all). In intermittent users, program success was greater when dietitian support was used (OR 6.50) and for those with higher BMIs (OR 1.08, p<0.001 for all). In both groups, more frequent support was associated with better weight‐related QOL (p<0.001). Conclusion This study provides real‐world evidence that regular VLCD users had greater success and weight loss over intermittent program users. Findings may be used to tailor and improve the delivery of VLCD programs in Australia and other countries with retail access to VLCDs. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.","PeriodicalId":19448,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Science & Practice","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136374480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Higher BMI is Strongly Linked to Poor Outcomes in Adult COVID‐19 Hospitalizations: A National Inpatient Sample Study","authors":"Ahmed Elkhapery, Ali Abdelhay, Hemanth Krishna Boppana, Zeinab Abdalla, Mohamed Mohamed, Omar Al‐Ali, Anas Hashem, Amir Mahmoud, Eisa Mahmoud, Chengu Niu, Rami Dalbah, Ming‐Yan Chow","doi":"10.1002/osp4.692","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/osp4.692","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Aims The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic has resulted in more than 6 million deaths worldwide. Studies on the impact of obesity on patients hospitalized with COVID‐19 pneumonia have been conflicting, with some studies describing worse outcomes in patients with obesity, while other studies reporting no difference in outcomes. Previous studies on obesity and critical illness have described improved outcomes in patients with obesity, termed the “obesity paradox.” The study assessed the impact of obesity on the outcomes of COVID‐19 hospitalizations, using a nationally representative database. Materials and Methods ICD‐10 code U071 was used to identify all hospitalizations with the principal diagnosis of COVID‐19 infection in the National Inpatient Database 2020. ICD‐10 codes were used to identify outcomes and comorbidities. Hospitalizations were grouped based on body mass index (BMI). Multivariable logistic regression was used to adjust for demographic characteristics and comorbidities. Results A total of 56,033 hospitalizations were identified. 48% were male, 49% were white and 22% were black. Patients hospitalized with COVID‐19 pneumonia in the setting of obesity and clinically severe obesity were often younger. Adjusted for differences in comorbidities, there was a significant increase in mortality, incidence of mechanical ventilation, shock, and sepsis with increased BMI. The mortality was highest among hospitalizations with BMI ≥60, with an adjusted odds ratio of 2.66 (95% Confidence interval 2.18–3.24) compared to hospitalizations with normal BMI. There were increased odds of mechanical ventilation across all BMI groups above normal, with the odds of mechanical ventilation increasing with increasing BMI. Conclusion The results show that obesity is independently associated with worse patient outcomes in COVID‐19 hospitalizations and is associated with higher in‐patient mortality and higher rates of mechanical ventilation. The underlying mechanism of this is unclear, and further studies are needed to investigate the cause of this.","PeriodicalId":19448,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Science & Practice","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135938176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to \"Maternal vitamin D status in relation to infant BMI growth trajectories up to 2 years of age in two prospective pregnancy cohorts\".","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/osp4.664","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/osp4.664","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1002/osp4.602.].</p>","PeriodicalId":19448,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Science & Practice","volume":"9 4","pages":"440"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10399519/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9955310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An intervention to decrease sedentary behavior in older adults: A secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Nikita Abraham, Kate Lyden, Robert Boucher, Guo Wei, Victoria Gonce, Judy Carle, Katalin Fornadi, Mark A Supiano, Jesse Christensen, Srinivasan Beddhu","doi":"10.1002/osp4.687","DOIUrl":"10.1002/osp4.687","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sedentary behaviors are associated with adverse health outcomes in older adults. The feasibility of behavioral interventions in this population is unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In the Sit Less, Interact, Move More (SLIMM) trial of 106 participants who had obesity, those randomized to the SLIMM intervention (<i>N</i> = 54) were instructed to replace sedentary activities with stepping. An accelerometer was used to measure physical activity. In this secondary analysis, mixed effect models were used to examine the effects of the SLIMM intervention on sedentary and stepping durations and steps/day by age (<70 and ≥ 70 years).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mean ages in the <70 years (<i>N</i> = 47) and ≥70 years (<i>N</i> = 59) groups were 58 ± 11 and 78 ± 5. In the older subgroup, compared to standard-of-care (<i>N</i> = 29), the SLIMM intervention (<i>N</i> = 30) significantly increased stepping duration (13, 95%CI 1-24 min/d, <i>p</i> = 0.038) and steps per day (1330, 95% CI 322-2338, <i>p</i> = 0.01) and non-significantly decreased sedentary duration by (28,95% CI -61-5 min/d, <i>p</i> = 0.09). In the age <70 subgroup, there was no separation between the standard of care (<i>N</i> = 23) and SLIMM (<i>N</i> = 24) groups.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>In older adults who had obesity, SLIMM intervention significantly increased stepping duration and steps per day. Interventions targeting sedentary behaviors by promoting low intensity physical activity may be feasible in this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":19448,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Science & Practice","volume":"9 5","pages":"529-537"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/54/f9/OSP4-9-529.PMC10551115.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41143173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geographic differences in the magnitude of black-white disparities in having obesity.","authors":"Steven A Cohen, Monique J Brown, Furong Xu, Caitlin C Nash, Mary L Greaney","doi":"10.1002/osp4.679","DOIUrl":"10.1002/osp4.679","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Obesity disparities in the United States are well documented, but the limited body of research suggests that geographic factors may alter the magnitude of these disparities. A growing body of evidence has identified a \"rural mortality penalty\" where morbidity and mortality rates are higher in rural than urban areas, even after controlling for other factors. Black-White differences in health and mortality are more pronounced in rural areas than in urban areas.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>Therefore, the purpose of this study was to explore how rural-urban status and region moderate Black-White health disparities in obesity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were abstracted from the 2012 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, with the sample being restricted to Black and White respondents (n = 403,231). Respondents' county of residence was linked to US Census information to obtain the county-level Index of Relative Rurality (IRR) and Census division. Crude and adjusted logistic regression models were utilized to assess the magnitude of Black-White disparities in having obesity (yes/no) by IRR quartile and by Census division.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, Black-White differences in obesity were wider in rural than in urban counties, with a significant linear trend (p < 0.001). Furthermore, when stratified by US Census division, results revealed that disparities were significantly wider in rural than urban areas for respondents living in the Middle Atlantic and South Atlantic divisions. In contrast, the association was reversed for the remaining divisions (New England, East North Central, West North Central, Mountain, and Pacific), where the magnitude of the Black-White difference was the largest in urban areas.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Findings highlight the need to understand and account for critical place-based factors that exacerbate racial obesity disparities to develop and maximize the effectiveness of policies and programs designed to reduce racial inequalities and improve population health.</p>","PeriodicalId":19448,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Science & Practice","volume":"9 5","pages":"516-528"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10551120/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41168134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}