OCEANS'11 MTS/IEEE KONA最新文献

{"title":"Validation of radar-based Lagrangian trajectories against surface-drogued drifters in the coral sea, Australia","authors":"A. Mantovanelli, M. Heron, A. Prytz, C. Steinberg, D. Wisdom","doi":"10.23919/OCEANS.2011.6107233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/OCEANS.2011.6107233","url":null,"abstract":"Surface current velocity fields measured every 10 min by a high-frequency ocean radar system (HF radar) located at the southern Great Barrier Reef (GBR), Australia, were used to compute Lagrangian trajectories (radar-based trajectories). The radar-based trajectories were validated against surface-drogued satellite tracked drifting buoys released on the shelf inside the reef lagoon and on the continental slope. Current speeds estimated from the drifters were typically within 5% to 8% of the HF radar currents extracted at the exact position occupied by the drifters for each sampled time, but some large current velocity biases occurred over short periods of time in shallow areas. Maximum separation distances between the drifter and radar-based tracks ranged from 5 km to 14 km on the shelf and from 4 km to 35 km on the slope for 24 tracks tracked up to one week. The reduction of the predictability of the radar-based trajectories occurred mostly in the vicinity of the islands of the reef matrix, suggesting the influence of small scale processes in the drifter paths not seen at the HF radar spatial resolution. A filtering procedure was applied a posteriori to the u and v components of the current velocity vectors calculated from non-quality controlled radial data obtained from the IMOS archive. Interpolation was used to cover temporal gaps less than 3 h allowing radar-based trajectories to be followed for up to 7 days. The use of radial data reprocessed and quality controlled by the Australian Coastal Radar Network (ACORN) extended the tracking period up to 13 days, reprocessing allows retrieval of some information lost in the non-quality controlled radial data.","PeriodicalId":19442,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS'11 MTS/IEEE KONA","volume":"393 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77347861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Busting the myth","authors":"Ashley Lloyd, Rachel Strubhar-Masick, Christina Powell, Meagan Rich, A. Bennett","doi":"10.23919/OCEANS.2011.6107135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/OCEANS.2011.6107135","url":null,"abstract":"The pitting and intergranular corrosion of cast aluminum alloy A356 were compared to that of aluminum alloy 6061 to test whether cast aluminum alloys can be used as a substitute for 6061 in select ocean engineering applications. Accelerated corrosion tests were conducted in a salt water and hydrogen peroxide environment at elevated temperature for over six hours. Metallographic samples were then examined for evidence of corrosion. While both aluminum samples showed some evidence of corrosion, there was no substantial difference between the corrosion of the two samples. We conclude that the viable use of certain heat-treatable cast aluminum alloys in a seawater environment has been experimentally verified.","PeriodicalId":19442,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS'11 MTS/IEEE KONA","volume":"34 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77724639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New technology impacts on ADCP instruments","authors":"P. Wanis, Matt Hull","doi":"10.23919/OCEANS.2011.6107185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/OCEANS.2011.6107185","url":null,"abstract":"Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP) instruments are commonly used for sensing oceanographic currents. In the initial generation of these instruments many of the design decisions, and resulting features of the overall instrument, were based on the limitations of the technology available at that time. This paper describes the design decisions underlying a recently developed ADCP instrument, which leverages more modern technologies. These modern technologies remove many of the historical limitations, which caused many of these heritage design decisions to be revisited. The resulting set of features, both in isolation and in relation to each other, prompts a change in the philosophy about how to collect and analyze the instrument data.","PeriodicalId":19442,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS'11 MTS/IEEE KONA","volume":"1 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77812906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"US IOOS® - from integrated to Interdependent and Indispensible","authors":"Z. Willis","doi":"10.23919/OCEANS.2011.6106947","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/OCEANS.2011.6106947","url":null,"abstract":"Integration is defined providing rapid access to multidisciplinary data from many sources and to provide data and information required to achieve multiple goals that historically have been the domain of separate agencies, offices, or programs. There are plenty of examples and efforts underway within US Integrated Ocean Observing System (IOOS®) that are moving us to a fully integrated system. The President's Executive Order 13547, outlines our policy to achieve “an America whose stewardship ensures that the ocean, our coasts, and the Great Lakes are healthy and resilient, safe and productive, and understood and treasured so as to promote the wellbeing, prosperity, and security of present and future generations.” For US IOOS to be a vital contributor to this goal we suggest a need to move beyond Integration to become “Interdependent” and “Indispensible.” Given the current fiscal climate, no one agency, entity or program can act alone. The scientific information needed to guide personal and programmatic decisions necessitates taking the next step to interdependence. Are we ready to take that step? Interdependences also refer to the fact that the subsystems can not stand alone. To deliver necessary capabilities IOOS elements must progress from the research and development stages, through efficient test and operational efforts into routine operations. Technologies must be incubated and rapidly inserted to keep the US IOOS system operating effectively and efficiently. Prompt delivery of meaningful output to the end user demands a fully interdependent system. One in which the models and observations are standardized and work seamlessly together to rapidly tailor the output to users' needs. But interdependence also suggests that each partner be it at the Federal, State, Local and Tribal level or the Private sector needs to be there for the long term. The analogy is really the three legged stool. Once you become interdependent, if one of the partners pulls back the stool falls when ability for the other partners/legs are unable to support the enterprise. This demands not only policy and technology, but trust. Once partners and programs are fully interdependent they become indispensible. This paper will provide examples within IOOS that suggests the move is underway. The paper will provide an update on the US IOOS Blueprint to Full Capability, will provide examples of observation networks that rely on multiple partnerships to remain viable, and how the information, products and services are now have been fully endorsed by managers and decision makers.","PeriodicalId":19442,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS'11 MTS/IEEE KONA","volume":"45 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79772380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Suggested elements for a new tow cable & handling system design standard for littoral towed systems","authors":"Michael T. Einhorn","doi":"10.23919/OCEANS.2011.6107193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/OCEANS.2011.6107193","url":null,"abstract":"A review of current handling system specifications was conducted to determine an appropriate handling system and tow cable design specification for a high speed, littoral towed system. During that review it was determined that existing specifications are not suited to govern the design of handling systems used in this application. Due to the extreme load cases as well as the likelihood of a tow cable failure possible with littoral high-speed towing, it is clear that development of a new design criteria and standard that considers the unique load profile is needed. This paper will put forth recommendations for such a standard. The recommendations are a combination of various design criteria and operational measures. In the category of design criteria the standard allows for a two tiered safety factor to increase the operational window of the system while ensuring system integrity up through loads that exceed the breaking strength of the tow cable.","PeriodicalId":19442,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS'11 MTS/IEEE KONA","volume":"2 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80075066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Texas Automated Buoy System - sustainable ocean observations to help protect the environment","authors":"J. Walpert, N. Guinasso, L. L. Lee, R. Martin","doi":"10.23919/OCEANS.2011.6106955","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/OCEANS.2011.6106955","url":null,"abstract":"The Deepwater Horizon oil spill off the coast of Louisiana in 2010 woke the country once again to the inherent risks involved in offshore drilling operations. The final overall cost of this spill will not only be measured in dollars, but also in the tragic loss of life, environmental damage to coastal wetlands and damage to the psyche of many of the local residents who once regarded the oil industry simply as a means to prosperity. Although the environment will likely eventually recover, the outrage, hardship and economic impact on local communities cannot be overlooked. Fortunately spills of this nature and magnitude are rare occurrences. Companies involved in the oil industry mitigate the chance for accidents by requiring proper personnel training, daily regular safety and toolbox meetings and regular equipment maintenance. There are standard operating procedures that must be followed for most operations on drilling platforms, tankers and fueling depots which are designed specifically to prevent the accidental discharge of oil. Still, regardless of the quality of training, equipment and procedures, some accidents will still occasionally occur. Some of these accidents will rarely, but inevitably, result in oil being discharged into the environment. Working at sea is a challenging and potentially dangerous occupation where the at sea environment can make even simple tasks difficult and hazardous. Being prepared to act on an oil spill is critical in being able to mitigate the potential impacts. Many of the people who were working on the Deepwater Horizon platform were not yet born in 1979 when the last big blowout occurred in Mexico's Bay of Campeche in the Gulf of Mexico. Some were too young to remember the Exxon Valdez disaster in 1989 and the enormity of the costs involved in cleaning it up. Events such as these led the United States government to pass the 1990 Federal Oil Pollution Act, which allowed the government and its agencies to take control of cleanup operations during an oil spill and recoup all expenses from the responsible party. This in turn led to the Texas government passing the Texas Oil Spill Prevention and Response Act in 1991. Because of the potentially large environmental and socioeconomic impact of any size spill that reaches the coast, there is a great need for timely knowledge and understanding about the environment in which the spill occurred. This is why in 1994, the Texas General Land Office (TGLO) contracted the Geochemical and Environmental Research Group (GERG) of Texas A&M University (TAMU) to develop the Texas Automated Buoy System (TABS). It is the only state funded ocean observation system in the country whose primary mandate is to provide oceanographic and meteorological data for the purpose of modeling oil spill trajectories. With nine permanent locations on the Texas shelf, the TABS system provides spill response managers in Texas with the real time data necessary to accurately predict the trajectory of an off","PeriodicalId":19442,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS'11 MTS/IEEE KONA","volume":"31 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79369281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simulation research on intelligent control for propulsion system of large ship","authors":"Yuanhui Wang, Bofei Chen, Shijie Li, X. Bian","doi":"10.23919/OCEANS.2011.6107072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/OCEANS.2011.6107072","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, with the great progress in maritime transport, ships have increasingly tended to be more large and rapid. Thus, single engine and single-propeller large cannot meet the requirements of the various performances, multi-engine multi-propeller able to meet a variety of different sailing ship maneuvering characteristics of working conditions, and gradually adopted by the people. With the complicated of the propulsion requirements of the control system also will increase, large ship propulsion control systems have been paid more and more attention. The variability during the operation of the ship operating condition also increases the difficulty of controlling the propulsion system. It is an important problem to control the ship propulsion system in order to make the large ship keep speed being constant or changing quickly. In order to solve the problem, some work are carried out for a large ship with four engines and four propellers as an example in this paper. Firstly, a four degree of freedom motion mathematical model of large ship is established based on MMG method. Secondly, Steam turbine model, propeller model and sea environment model are established separately. Then, fuzzy theory is used to solve the propulsion system control problem, and a Fuzzy-PID controller for the ship propulsion system is designed. Finally, computer simulation with C++ program design is carried out to validate the modeling and control method. The simulation tests include the ship maneuvering motion in calm water and sea state four conditions. The simulation results show that the designed propulsion control system of large ship is perfect in performance.","PeriodicalId":19442,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS'11 MTS/IEEE KONA","volume":"93 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85686857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel biofouling control technology for capillary flow cells","authors":"C. Hunt, Derek Michelin, Stacy Dean, H. Pate","doi":"10.23919/OCEANS.2011.6107275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/OCEANS.2011.6107275","url":null,"abstract":"Prevention of biological fouling is critical to maintenance of optimal function and extended life for equipment and materials deployed in aquatic and marine settings. We established the efficacy of copper plus a proprietary antifouling treatment to prevent biofouling in glass capillary tubes using in situ epifluorescent microscopy and single-photon confocal microscopy to visualize biofilm formation in capillary flow cells exposed to filtered ambient seawater. The capillary cells were subjected to a series of biofouling control treatments with filtered seawater flowing at a rate of approximately 1 mL per minute. A screening study addressed three potential biofouling control concepts for application to development of the Submersible FlowCAM®, a new in situ instrument that can identify and enumerate both phytoplankton and small zooplankton species. The second addressed the effective exposure under a similar flow system using single-photon confocal microscopy as an end-point analysis. Control cells appropriate to each test were included. The first study demonstrated that biofouling in the control cells (no protection) was sufficient to stop flow after 60 days. Flow cells tested with only copper showed bacterial accumulation at 28 and 49 days. In contrast, very little (and in some cases, no) bacterial biofilm accumulation was observed in any of the proprietary or proprietary plus copper treatments throughout the entire 63 day test period. The second test demonstrated that the Cu plus proprietary treatment was highly effective at preventing biofilm formation in capillary flow cells across a range of treatment exposures under a constant copper concentration in the seawater. Copper treatment alone was not sufficient to prevent biofilm formation.","PeriodicalId":19442,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS'11 MTS/IEEE KONA","volume":"39 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81076377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cooperative 3D mapping under underwater communication constraints","authors":"M. Pfingsthorn, A. Birk, N. Vaskevicius, K. Pathak","doi":"10.23919/OCEANS.2011.6107123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/OCEANS.2011.6107123","url":null,"abstract":"Marine robots are so far mainly restricted to usage in open sea application where 2D maps are sufficient, however, full 3D information becomes more and more important in complex scenarios. These include complex inspection, construction, or maintenance missions that involve non-trivial structures as for example in oil- and gas-production and transport, underwater archeology, or harbor applications. In this paper, we present a graph based multi-robot mapping method that requires minimal communication bandwidth between the robots. We show that using this method, it is feasible to construct a large scale map under realistic bandwidth constraints imposed by available underwater sonic modems.","PeriodicalId":19442,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS'11 MTS/IEEE KONA","volume":"123 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86057760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Obtaining baseline measurements of ocean ambient sound at a mobile test berth site for wave energy conversion off the central Oregon coast","authors":"J. Haxel, R. Dziak, H. Matsumoto","doi":"10.23919/OCEANS.2011.6107223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/OCEANS.2011.6107223","url":null,"abstract":"A year-long experiment to monitor underwater ambient noise measurements in shallow, (∼50m) open water along an energetic coastline in the Pacific Northwest (USA) was conducted. Bottom mounted passive acoustic recorders were deployed in March 2010 by Oregon State University (OSU) and NOAA/Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory's Marine Acoustics Research Group in an area designated by the Northwest National Marine Renewable Energy Center (NNMREC) as a mobile ocean test berth (MOTB) site for wave energy conversion (WEC) platforms off the central coast of Oregon. Acoustic recording packages recorded continuous (1 Hz–2 kHz) sampling at two offshore locations near and within the MOTB. Maximum and minimum total sound pressure levels recorded during the experiment reached 136 dB re 1 µPa and 95 dB re 1 µPa respectively. Meanwhile, the time averaged sound pressure levels for the year long deployment were 113 dB re 1µPa. These data provide the initial baseline recordings required for a meaningful assessment of the shallow water ambient noise levels in the Oregon nearshore coastal environment prior to the installation and operation of wave energy conversion devices.","PeriodicalId":19442,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS'11 MTS/IEEE KONA","volume":"22 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79909994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}