OCL最新文献_第9页

Overview of the French organic sector of oilseeds and protein crops 法国有机油籽和蛋白质作物部门概述

OCL Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/OCL/2020054

C. Canale, F. Labalette, C. Guillou

{"title":"Overview of the French organic sector of oilseeds and protein crops","authors":"C. Canale, F. Labalette, C. Guillou","doi":"10.1051/OCL/2020054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/OCL/2020054","url":null,"abstract":"To respond to the demand of organic products for feed (oilmeals, protein crops) and food (oil, dry pulses), organic oilseed and protein crops surfaces are increasing rapidly in France. Terres Univia, the interbranch organisation which represents French oilseed and oil fruit sector and French high protein crops sector interests, carried out a comprehensive 2-year survey in 2016 and 2017 on the different actors of the organic production chain from the collectors to feed and food users. The study showed that organic sector was, at this time, well organized but that it had to face some challenges to meet up with the scale up of organic sectors. Collectors must ensure outlets and prices for producers, accompanying the choice and technical management of production crops. They need to reach a better matched between offer and demand to reduce their logistic cost by, for example, contracting with the producers and the users. Crushers must ensure their cost-effectiveness by enhancing the valuation of co-products (meals for rapeseed and sunflower, oil for soya) and improve their economies of scale. They also strongly rely on grain imports because of a lack of French supplies (rapeseed and soybean particularly). As for feed manufacturers, the new organic regulation for January 2022 brings even more constraints to reach the nutritional need for monogastric.","PeriodicalId":19440,"journal":{"name":"OCL","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89527306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Characterization of fatty acid, antioxidant, and polyphenol content of grape seed oil from different Vitis vinifera L. varieties 不同葡萄品种葡萄籽油脂肪酸、抗氧化剂和多酚含量的研究

OCL Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/OCL/2021017

Viktória Kapcsándi, Erika Hanczné Lakatos, B. Sik, László Ádám Linka, R. Székelyhidi

{"title":"Characterization of fatty acid, antioxidant, and polyphenol content of grape seed oil from different Vitis vinifera L. varieties","authors":"Viktória Kapcsándi, Erika Hanczné Lakatos, B. Sik, László Ádám Linka, R. Székelyhidi","doi":"10.1051/OCL/2021017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/OCL/2021017","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we examined the yield and oil quality of eight different grape varieties. For the experiments, the grape seeds were obtained from the Benedictine Pannonhalma Archabbey in the northwestern region of Hungary. The aim of the studies was to determine the oil yield obtained by extraction and to examine the differences between the fatty acid composition, antioxidant capacity, and total polyphenol content of the oils of different grape varieties. Based on the results, the oil content of the grape seeds varied between 99.91 g/kg and 126.74 g/kg. The grape seed oils analysed contained significant amounts of stearic acid (3.42–9.93%), palmitic acid (7.81–10.66%), oleic acid (14.29–19.92%), and linoleic acid (66.85–72.47%). Besides, the grape seed oils tested contained several other fatty acids in small amounts. There were significant differences in the total antioxidant and total polyphenol content of the oils. Total polyphenol content ranged from 0.24 to 1.13 mg GAE/g, while the total antioxidant content changed between 0.12 and 0.78 μg TEAC/g. The results show that the studied varieties are suitable for the production of table grape seed oil based on their oil yield, and the oils have favourable, health-protecting properties in terms of their quality.","PeriodicalId":19440,"journal":{"name":"OCL","volume":"345 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79632659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 13

Proteomic data from leaves of twenty-four sunflower genotypes under water deficit 水分亏缺条件下24个向日葵基因型叶片蛋白质组学分析

OCL Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/OCL/2020074

Thierry Balliau, Harold Duruflé, Nicolas Blanchet, Mélisande Blein-Nicolas, N. Langlade, M. Zivy

引用次数: 5

Assessment of phenotypic variability among EEA INTA Pergamino sunflower lines: Its relationship with the grain yield and oil content EEA INTA佩加米诺向日葵品系表型变异的评价及其与籽粒产量和含油量的关系

OCL Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/OCL/2021021

Matias Dominguez, S. Herrera, Julio González

{"title":"Assessment of phenotypic variability among EEA INTA Pergamino sunflower lines: Its relationship with the grain yield and oil content","authors":"Matias Dominguez, S. Herrera, Julio González","doi":"10.1051/OCL/2021021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/OCL/2021021","url":null,"abstract":"The aims of the present study were to assess the phenotypic diversity among 221 sunflower accessions of INTA Pergamino Sunflower Breeding Program, to obtain discriminant functions that allow the classification of new accessions in similar groups and to evaluate the relationship between genetic distance pairwise accessions and hybrid performance for grain yield and oil content. We used 19 quantitative descriptors to evaluate phenotypic and morphological variability. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA) were used to evaluate simultaneously all the variables and to describe phenotypic variation patterns of the germplasm. The distribution of germplasm in the dendrogram did not follow a clear pattern with regard to the predefined groups. This study revealed the variability observed among the lines that form the INTA Pergamino breeding program despite the highly selective forces applied to obtain inbred lines that produce superior hybrids for the Argentinean sunflower area. This work demonstrates the need for more in-depth study of genetic variability to be used as a predictor of heterosis in sunflower.","PeriodicalId":19440,"journal":{"name":"OCL","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74916218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Synthesis of DHA (omega-3 fatty acid): FADS2 gene polymorphisms and regulation by PPARα DHA (omega-3脂肪酸)合成:FADS2基因多态性及PPARα调控

OCL Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/ocl/2021030

Didier Majou

{"title":"Synthesis of DHA (omega-3 fatty acid): FADS2 gene polymorphisms and regulation by PPARα","authors":"Didier Majou","doi":"10.1051/ocl/2021030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/ocl/2021030","url":null,"abstract":"In humans, in several biological systems, in particular the nervous system, the FADS2 gene transcribes Δ6-desaturase, which is the rate-limiting enzyme for converting α-linolenic acid into docosahexaenoic acid (an n-3 fatty acid). The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) modulates the transcription of FADS2 gene by interacting with a second transcription factor: the retinoid X receptor α (RXRα). These transcription factors take the form of a PPARα-RXRα heterodimer and are modulated by the ligands that modify their respective structures and enable them to bind to the peroxisome proliferator response element (PPRE) located in the promoter region of the FADS2 gene. Free estradiol induces the activation of PPARα via two pathways (i) transcription through genomic action mediated by an estrogen receptor; (ii) a non-genomic effect that allows for phosphorylation and activates PPARα via the ERK1/2-MAPK pathway. Phosphorylation is an on/off switch for PPARα transcription activity. Since Δ6-desaturase expression is retro-inhibited by free intracellular DHA in a dose-dependent manner, this position paper proposes an original hypothesis: if DHA simultaneously binds to both phosphorylated PPARα and RXRα, the resulting DHA-PPARαP-RXRα-DHA heterodimer represses FADS2 gene via PPRE. The retinoic acids-RARα-RXRα-DHA heterodimer would not dissociate from corepressors and would prevent coactivators from binding to FADS2. We speculate that SNPs, which are mostly located on PPRE, modulate the binding affinities of DHA-PPARαP-RXRα-DHA heterodimer to PPRE. The DHA-PPARαP-RXRα-DHA heterodimer’s greater affinity for PPRE results in a decreased production of D6D and DHA. FADS2 promoter polymorphism would increase the competition between DHA and other ligands, in accordance with their concentrations and affinities.","PeriodicalId":19440,"journal":{"name":"OCL","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81005826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Food quality assurance of crude palm oil: a review on toxic ester feedstock 棕榈油原料的食品质量保证:有毒酯原料的研究进展

OCL Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/OCL/2021011

A. F. A. Nizam, M. S. Mahmud

引用次数: 4

A new method for rapeseed hulls purification – Proof of concept 油菜籽壳净化新方法——概念验证

OCL Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/ocl/2021046

P. Carré, Jean-Philippe Loison

{"title":"A new method for rapeseed hulls purification – Proof of concept","authors":"P. Carré, Jean-Philippe Loison","doi":"10.1051/ocl/2021046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/ocl/2021046","url":null,"abstract":"The loss of fats in the hulls is one of the main obstacles limiting the industrial implementation of rapeseed dehulling. The main reason resides in the shape of rapeseed outer cotyledons which resemble to the hulls’ shape and make it difficult to separate. The purpose of this study is to propose a new method for the purification of rapeseed hulls. After primary separation by aspiration, the mixture of hulls and kernels is passed between a pair of flat rolls where kernels are flattened and stick to the metal while the hulls do not. We exploited this property to adapt a small laboratory flaker with two counter-rotating cylinders of 65 mm diameter with scrapers that make the kernels fall away from the hulls. Process optimization by tunning experimental conditions (hulls moisture content, roller spacing, roller speed and feed rate) allowed the determination of the optimal operating conditions. Experiments showed that wetting improves the purity of the hulls but reduces the one of the recovered kernels. A gap of 0.1 mm was necessary. In addition, it was shown that the sorting quality depends on the ratio flow-rate / rotation-speed. The best performances are reached around 1 g.s−1.rpm−1. In these conditions, the hulls and kernels purity were 96% and 94% respectively. This preliminary work has allowed us to prove the concept. The next step will be to develop a pilot plant to validate the process efficiency on a larger scale (100 kg/h).","PeriodicalId":19440,"journal":{"name":"OCL","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85276085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Intestinal microbiota mediates the beneficial effects of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids during dietary obesity, 肠道菌群介导n-3多不饱和脂肪酸在膳食肥胖中的有益作用

OCL Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/OCL/2021006

J. Bellenger, S. Bellenger, Amina Bourragat, Quentin Escoula, P. Weill, M. Narce

{"title":"Intestinal microbiota mediates the beneficial effects of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids during dietary obesity,","authors":"J. Bellenger, S. Bellenger, Amina Bourragat, Quentin Escoula, P. Weill, M. Narce","doi":"10.1051/OCL/2021006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/OCL/2021006","url":null,"abstract":"Obesity, now considered as a real worldwide epidemic affecting more than 650 million people, is complex and mainly associated with excessive energy intake and changes in eating habits favoring the consumption of diets rich in saturated fat and sugar. This multifactorial pathology is linked to chronic low grade systemic inflammation. Indeed, a high fat diet (HFD) leads to intestinal microbiota dysbiosis increasing gut permeability (partly attributed to a downregulation of genes encoding tight junction proteins) leading to an increase in bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS) levels so-called metabolic endotoxemia. Studies have shown that n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are involved in the prevention of obesity and insulin resistance partly through synthesis of lipid mediators. While studies suggest that n-3 PUFAs are able to modulate the gut microbiota, others show no effect of n-3 treatments on intestinal homeostasis. In the present work, we showed that when fed a hypercaloric and obsogenic diet, compared with wild-type (WT) mice, fat-1 mice (with constitutive production of n-3 PUFAs) resist to dietary obesity and associated metabolic disorders, maintain an effective gut barrier function and exhibit greater phylogenic diversity. Moreover, fecal microbiota transplantation from fat-1 to WT mice reversed body weight gain, normalized glucose tolerance and intestinal permeability in association with prevention of alteration of the colon mucus layer. We can conclude that the n-3 PUFA-mediated alterations of gut microbiota contribute to the prevention of metabolic syndrome in fat-1 mice and may represent a promising strategy to prevent metabolic disease and preserve a lean phenotype.","PeriodicalId":19440,"journal":{"name":"OCL","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89636843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Bird damage to sunflower: international situation and prospects 向日葵鸟害:国际现状与展望

OCL Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/OCL/2021020

C. Sausse, Myriam Lévy

{"title":"Bird damage to sunflower: international situation and prospects","authors":"C. Sausse, Myriam Lévy","doi":"10.1051/OCL/2021020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/OCL/2021020","url":null,"abstract":"Bird damage to sunflowers (Helianthus annuus) degrades the profitability of this crop and calls into question its place in rotations. Our international literature review shows that sunflower is one of the crops most vulnerable to bird attacks. However, these predatory pests are not specialized: if the sunflower is affected in one region, then the other crops sharing the same cycle could also be affected to varying degrees. All production areas are affected by flowerhead damage at maturity. Damage at emergence has recently become more visible in France, Italy and Switzerland, probably as a result of global changes and evolving farming practices. Birds are highly mobile pests with complex behaviour. The problem needs to be tackled in a hierarchical framework that takes into account field, landscape, and regional scales, along with processes at different timescales from rapid field selection to long term demographic trends. Moreover, the distribution of damage is asymmetrical: few fields are affected, but with a high severity. At this time, there is no single effective method for preventing damage, and coordination at the landscape scale should be initiated to find potential solutions. Finally, there is a gap between theoretical and applied knowledge, even though initiatives in North America have helped to move research forward. These difficulties imply an integrated approach combining partially effective methods, the association of several stakeholders, and the coordination of several policies (agricultural, environmental, and recreational hunting or wildlife management). Additionally, data collection appears essential to acquire knowledge about economic damage and efficacy of control programmes. Digital technology can be useful for such purposes. Finally, this review advocates international networking to consolidate a research community on this topic and on the wider issue of bird damage to crops.","PeriodicalId":19440,"journal":{"name":"OCL","volume":"AES-11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84521268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Analysis of EU legume value chains from the H2020 LegValue project: What insights for organic value chains? H2020 LegValue项目对欧盟豆类价值链的分析:有机价值链的启示是什么?

OCL Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/OCL/2021005

Tiana Smadja, F. Muel

{"title":"Analysis of EU legume value chains from the H2020 LegValue project: What insights for organic value chains?","authors":"Tiana Smadja, F. Muel","doi":"10.1051/OCL/2021005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/OCL/2021005","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the results of a legume-based value chain analysis based on twenty-seven case studies in the H2020 LegValue project and discusses those relating to organic legume-based value chains. The analysis aims to illustrate the diversity of legume-based value chains and to discuss the conditions by which they can successfully meet the growing demand for legumes in the EU. The research is based on a qualitative survey of the value chain stakeholders in the case studies. Regarding organic legume-based value chains, the analysis reveals two types that depend on the stakeholder type at the launch of the value chain, the stakeholder’s primary objective in the chain, and the organic legume species involved. The first value chain type is launched by extension services with an aim of developing the organic production of a single legume species. The second type is launched by a stakeholder (processor or collector) acting further downstream in response to market demand for several legume species. A key success factor for these value chains is the ability of the launcher to ensure close coordination along the chain. To achieve this, several means and tools have been identified: the setting-up of a value chain development project, the implementation of contracting practices, production support programmes (technical assistance, financial support), and market support programmes (information sharing, regulation, facilitators).","PeriodicalId":19440,"journal":{"name":"OCL","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83868284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4