OCL Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/ocl/2021047

S. Gontcharov, N. Goloschapova

{"title":"Evaluation of horizontal resistance of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) to downy mildew (Plasmopara halstedii)","authors":"S. Gontcharov, N. Goloschapova","doi":"10.1051/ocl/2021047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/ocl/2021047","url":null,"abstract":"Downy mildew is one of the most important diseases of sunflower crop around the world caused by Plasmopara halstedii (Farl.) Berl.et de Toni. The aim of our study was to evaluate the horizontal resistance of elite and prospective lines to downy mildew in field conditions. Experiments were conducted at All-Russia Research Institute of Oil Crops (VNIIMK) in 2016–2020. Released and prospective sunflower lines bred at VNIIMK were studied, divided into four groups on the base of their race-specific resistance in laboratory tests. Experimental design was randomized blocks with two replications. Evaluation was made by recording all the recognizable symptoms of downy mildew from emergence till flowering. The results obtained allowed us to identify the lines with the highest race non-specific resistance to downy mildew: VK 678 (5.3%), VK 653 (7.3%), VA 760 (3.3%), VA 93 (2.0%) and VK 732 (6.3%). The final aim is the development of sunflower hybrids with the most durable resistance to downy mildew, combining one parental line with the major gene (Pl15) most effective for the specific location and the second parental line with a high level of horizontal resistance to downy mildew.","PeriodicalId":19440,"journal":{"name":"OCL","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88558694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Characterisation of different parts from Moringa oleifera regarding protein, lipid composition and extractable phenolic compounds 辣木不同部位的蛋白质、脂质组成及可提取酚类化合物特征

OCL Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/ocl/2021035

M. Owon, M. Osman, A. Ibrahim, M. A. Salama, B. Matthäus

{"title":"Characterisation of different parts from Moringa oleifera regarding protein, lipid composition and extractable phenolic compounds","authors":"M. Owon, M. Osman, A. Ibrahim, M. A. Salama, B. Matthäus","doi":"10.1051/ocl/2021035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/ocl/2021035","url":null,"abstract":"Fatty acids, amino acids, as well as total phenolic content and antioxidant activities, were presented from Moringa oleifera different parts (whole seeds, kernels, coats, pods and leaves). The investigated parts were a good source of protein (29.2, 37.8, 11.9, 10.1 and 22.8 g/100 g for whole seeds, kernels, coats, pods and leaves, respectively) with isoleucine, leucine, arginine, glycine, glutamine and tyrosine as amino acids in sufficient amount to meet the nutritional needs. Moringa seeds are also rich in oil. Oleic acid was the most abundant fatty acid in moringa seeds (66.2 and 65.8% for whole seeds and kernels, respectively). Leaves were rich in minerals such as P, K, Mg and Fe with the highest amount of total phenolic content. 70% ethanol, 80% methanol or water showed the highest yield with of total phenolic content from leaves reaching 11.8, 11.3 and 8.9 mg GAE/g, respectively. The lowest ED50 values were reported for extracts of leaves obtained by 70% ethanol and 80% methanol (0.51 and 0.54 mg), respectively, indicating more antioxidant activity than for the other solvents. For the ß-carotene-linoleic acid assay, leaves extract showed also the strongest effect for delaying the oxidation followed by extracts from pods and coats in a comparison with the control without antioxidants. From this comprehensive investigation of the different parts of MO, an assessment of the raw materials regarding their application as food is possible.","PeriodicalId":19440,"journal":{"name":"OCL","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85679582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Chemical characterization of oil from four Avocado varieties cultivated in Morocco 摩洛哥栽培的四种鳄梨品种油的化学特性

OCL Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/OCL/2021008

Chaimae Nasri, Yasmina Halabi, H. Harhar, F. Mohammed, A. Bellaouchou, A. Guenbour, M. Tabyaoui

{"title":"Chemical characterization of oil from four Avocado varieties cultivated in Morocco","authors":"Chaimae Nasri, Yasmina Halabi, H. Harhar, F. Mohammed, A. Bellaouchou, A. Guenbour, M. Tabyaoui","doi":"10.1051/OCL/2021008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/OCL/2021008","url":null,"abstract":"The notable growth in the use of avocado oil in the nutritional and cosmetic field was the main objective to valorize the oil production of important varieties of avocados existing in Morocco by analyzing its chemical composition in fatty acids, sterols, tocopherols and its physico-chemical properties. Oleic acid is the main fatty acid in the oil; they constitute between 50 and 65% of the total fatty acids. The study of the unsaponifiable fraction revealed that avocado oil contains 3259.9–5378.8 mg/kg sterols and 113.13–332.17 mg/kg tocopherols. Chemo-metric tools were employed in manner optimization, such as principal component analysis, agglomerative hierarchical clustering, analysis of variance, and classification trees using Chi-squared Automatic Interaction Detector. Chemo-metric tools revealed a difference in the composition of fatty acid, sterols, and tocopherol of avocado oil samples. This difference resulted from a variety of avocado fruits. Agglomerative Hierarchical Clustering (AHC) method was efficient distinguishing avocado oil samples based on fruit variety using fatty acids, tocopherols, sterol compositions and total sterol. Principal component analysis (PCA) method allowed the distinction the set avocado oil dataset based on fruit varieties, supplied a correct discrimination rate of 95.44% for avocado fruit varieties using the fatty acid. Chi-squared Automatic Interaction Detector (CHAID) carried out using the same variables, also provided an acceptable classification rate of 50% for avocado fruit varieties using the total tocopherol content. Besides, a comparative study of the physico-chemical properties in terms of acidity index, saponification index, iodine index, chlorophylls, carotenoids, and methyl and ethyl esters was performed.","PeriodicalId":19440,"journal":{"name":"OCL","volume":"70 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86068525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 13

Analysis of sesame seed production and export trends; challenges and strategies towards increasing production in Uganda 芝麻生产及出口趋势分析乌干达增加产量的挑战和战略

OCL Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/OCL/2020073

Cosmas Wacal, D. Basalirwa, W. Okello-Anyanga, M. Murongo, Caroline Namirembe, Richard Malingumu

{"title":"Analysis of sesame seed production and export trends; challenges and strategies towards increasing production in Uganda","authors":"Cosmas Wacal, D. Basalirwa, W. Okello-Anyanga, M. Murongo, Caroline Namirembe, Richard Malingumu","doi":"10.1051/OCL/2020073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/OCL/2020073","url":null,"abstract":"Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is one of the most ancient oilseed crops cultivated for its edible oil and uses in food. Sesame seeds are very nutritious and confer health benefits. However, its potential production in Uganda has not been fully realized. The objective of this review was to summarize the trends in sesame production, export quantity, export value, challenges, and strategies for sustainable sesame seed production in Uganda. The review revealed the sesame seed production and area harvested generally increased from 1996 to 2007 but significantly decreased between 2008 and 2018. The review also revealed that while the export quantities and values were low, they gradually increased from 2009 to 2016. The decreased production between 2008 and 2016 could have been due to challenges such as pests and diseases, loss of soil fertility, prolonged drought, poor agronomic practices, poor yielding varieties, and lack of access to credit. Therefore, it is recommended to improve breeding programs and soil management practices; strengthen agricultural credits and extension services to support marketing of sesame seeds; and improve agronomic practices and farmer knowledge on improved techniques such as sowing methods, plant spacing, intercropping practices, pests and disease control measures. These could boost sesame production in Uganda given the high domestic and global demand for sesame seeds and provide an opportunity to expand sesame production throughout Uganda. Research should focus on how to increase seed yield on farmers’ fields and bridge the yield gap between researchers and farmers while adopting good agronomic practices.","PeriodicalId":19440,"journal":{"name":"OCL","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82284145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 10

Vers une génération plus « verte » de biodiesels 迈向更“绿色”的生物柴油一代

OCL Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/OCL/2020067

Gilles Vaitilingom, Z. Mouloungui, A. Benoist, François Broust, Tizane Daho, B. Piriou

{"title":"Vers une génération plus « verte » de biodiesels","authors":"Gilles Vaitilingom, Z. Mouloungui, A. Benoist, François Broust, Tizane Daho, B. Piriou","doi":"10.1051/OCL/2020067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/OCL/2020067","url":null,"abstract":"Dans le monde, le pétrole assure 96 % des besoins des transports, lesquels mobilisent 65 % du pétrole consommé et participent à hauteur de 20 % aux émissions de CO2. Afin de réduire la consommation de ressources fossiles, une des alternatives est notamment l’utilisation de « biocarburants ». Ces biocarburants sont classés en trois générations successives. Les biocarburants de première génération sont issus des parties alimentaires de plantes de grande culture : le bioéthanol et le biodiesel. Les biocarburants dits « avancés » de seconde génération sont issus de ressources lignocellulosiques (bois, résidus agricoles...) valorisées soit en bioéthanol soit en hydrocarbures de synthèse. Une troisième génération repose sur la culture de micro-algues productrices d’acides gras transformés en biodiesel. Les biodiesels de première génération, tout comme ceux de deuxième et troisième générations, sont sujets à certaines critiques notamment le CAS (changement d’affectation des sols) et la compétition alimentaire/énergétique. L’objectif de ce travail est d’examiner l’intérêt de deux filières prometteuses. Les biodiesels basés sur des cultures dédiées conduisent à des impacts environnementaux plus réduits mais jouent un rôle dans la problématique des CAS. Alors que celles basées sur les résidus n’y entrent pas et montrent des niveaux de réduction des émissions de gaz à effet de serre entre 83 et 90 % contre 60 à 80 % pour un biodiesel classique par rapport à un carburant diesel fossile. Les esters butyliques d’huiles alimentaires usagées et de graisses animales s’affichent comme des biodiesels « plus verts » et représentent une opportunité pour les biocarburants de deuxième génération et pour une oléochimie « plus verte ».","PeriodicalId":19440,"journal":{"name":"OCL","volume":"6 9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90343410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Erratum to: Heterosis for seed, oil yield and quality of some different hybrids sunflower 几种不同杂交向日葵种子、产量和品质的杂种优势

OCL Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/ocl/2021019

M. A. Ahmed, T. H. Hassan, H. Zahran

引用次数: 4

Edaphoclimatic factors determining sunflower yields spatiotemporal dynamics in northern Ukraine 决定乌克兰北部向日葵产量时空动态的气候因子

OCL Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/OCL/2021013

A. Zymaroieva, O. Zhukov, T. Fedoniuk, T. Pinkina, V. Vlasiuk

引用次数: 9

Design workshop with farmers as a promising tool to support the introduction of diversifying crops within a territory: the case of camelina in northern France to supply a local biorefinery 与农民一起设计工作坊，作为一种有前途的工具，支持在一个地区内引入多样化的作物:法国北部的亚麻荠为当地的生物精炼厂提供服务

OCL Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/ocl/2021023

M. Leclère, M. Jeuffroy, C. Loyce

{"title":"Design workshop with farmers as a promising tool to support the introduction of diversifying crops within a territory: the case of camelina in northern France to supply a local biorefinery","authors":"M. Leclère, M. Jeuffroy, C. Loyce","doi":"10.1051/ocl/2021023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/ocl/2021023","url":null,"abstract":"The development of local diversification value-chains requires the design and implementation of cropping systems adapted to a diversity of farms and the management of crops for which very little knowledge is available. In this article, using the example of camelina in northern France to supply a local oilseed biorefinery, we illustrate how (i) the realisation of a design workshop based on the formalization and sharing of local knowledge produced by a multi-stakeholder participatory approach, and (ii) the analysis, formalization and sharing of the outputs of this design workshop, are useful for supporting the introduction of a new species in a territory. In total, each of the nine farmers attending the workshop designed one (or two) proposal(s) to include and manage camelina adapted to their own situation. The precise description of these proposals and the explanation of the technical choices, the identification of the factors explaining the diversity of the proposals designed, as well as the inventory of the functions expected of the crop by the farmers, which are presented in this paper, constitute a set of elements that could also be used to support other farmers in the area who would like to introduce this new species into their cropping system.","PeriodicalId":19440,"journal":{"name":"OCL","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79980897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Effects of drying methods on compositional characterization and functional characteristics of Blighia sapida aril oil 干燥方法对白螺旋藻油成分表征及功能特性的影响

OCL Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/OCL/2020064

O. Oluba, Divine-Favour O. Mbamara, O. Akpor, F. D. Adebiyi, O. Alabi, A. Shoyombo, O. Osemwegie

引用次数: 0

Influence of different abiotic factors on lipid production by microalgae – a review 不同非生物因素对微藻产脂的影响研究进展

OCL Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/ocl/2021045

C. Gaignard, G. Zissis, D. Buso

引用次数: 3

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